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押上海卷 21-30 题
语法填空
【题型解读】
语法填空题是上海高考英语试卷自2014年起启用的题型，要求考生在读懂所给文本的基础上，按要求
填空，使文章语法正确，意思连贯。对于不给关键词的空格，考生需要填入适当的虚词（如介词、连词、
冠词、代词等），且每个空格只能填入一词；对于给关键词的空格，考生则需要填入所给关键词的适当形
式，如形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，动词的各种时态、语态形式，非谓语形式等。
词法和句法都是语法的组成部分。词法的考查要求在语境中了解和掌握词法的表意功能和语用价值，
句法的考查要求在语境中理解各种类型的句子表达的思想、观点和态度，体会不同句子结构在交际中的意
义，探索句法和语篇之间的关系，建立语用和语义之间的联系。因此，语法填空主要考核的是学生在语境
中正确识别、理解和运用语法知识的能力。
【答题点津】
语法填空测试考生对语言基础知识的掌握和运用能力，即在具体的语境下准确运用语言的能力，要求
考生挖掘语境信息，运用逻辑语义，语篇衔接等手段，填入符合语境的正确语法形式。
【解题步骤】
1、浏览全文，理清思路。
考生在做语法填空题时，始终不可脱离语篇，首先，考生要浏览全文，把握短文大意；其次要理清句
与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系，真正读懂全文；
2、结合语境，试填空格。
读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格处所缺单
词成分；再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式；
3、重读全文，断定答案。
考生填空完毕后，要重读全文，要从句与句、段与段和语篇的角度进行通盘考虑，解决个别难题和检查所填答案是否出错，力求答案完整无误。
1．【2023年6月上海英语高考真题】
Once upon a time , in the heart of Africa, there was a king who (2l) __________( know )for his wisdom and
courage, His name was Mosi, meaning "smoke" in his native tongue. He had come a long way (22 )
__________(watch )over his kingdom, (23 )__________(assume )the throne (王权)at a young age.
One day, a dispute arose in the kingdom, Two farmers were arguing about the ownership of a piece of land,
They could not settle the matter themselves ( 24 )__________each claimed the land was theirs. The case was
brought before King Mosi, who was known for his fair judgments.
The king listened to both sides of the story. He then asked, " Who among you can tell me.how many seeds are
in the fruit of the baobab tree?" The farmers looked at each other, puzzled. They did not know the answer.
King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove
( 25 )__________this land belongs to. Therefore, l decree that this land shall be shared between you. You will work
on it together and share the fruits of your labor equally.”
The farmers were taken aback by the king's wisdom. They agreed to the king's decision and thanked him for
his fair judgment. From that day forward, they( 26 )__________work together on the land and became the best
friends.
The people of the kingdom admired King Mosi's wisdom. They would remain ( 27 )__________ ( seat )for
hours , listening to his wise words and learning from his judgments. The story of King Mosi's wisdom spread far
and wide, and he was respected by all who heard about him.
And so, king Mosi continued to rule his kingdom with wisdom and fairness, earning (28)__________a place in
the annals (编年史) of history, His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________
peace and harmony. It is a story that has been passed down through generations, a testament to King Mosi's
enduring legacy.
This is the story of King Mosi, a wise and just ruler who made a significant impact on his kingdom and its
people, His story continues to inspire and teach valuable lessons about leadership and justice
2．【2022年7月上海英语高考真题】How to Start a New Business
An entrepreneur is a person who creates, launches, and begins a new business, typically in response to a
market demand that has not been met Entrepreneurs are often imaginative,self motivated individuals who
develop full time, successful, and sustainable businesses. Successful entrepreneurs frequently have relevant
insights, expertise, and advice they may offer aspiring entrepreneurs to and (21)________ on their respective paths.
Interviewing entrepreneurs might provide insight into the steps they took(22) ________(achieve) success. Here is
the interview of entrepreneur related questions, and you will find more preparations for it.
Question: How would you describe an entrepreneur?
Answer: An individual who establishes and expands their own company through innovative
strategies(23)______(know) as an entrepreneur During the expansion of their companies:
Entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation. An entrepreneur
perceives a commercial need in their society(24) ________ (develop)an idea for a business, and then takes the
initiative to start their firm Suppose a business idea does not center on producing a product that fills a gap in
the(25) ______ (exist) market. In that case, it most often centers on applying technical advancements to simplify
the process of obtaining a product or service.
Question: How do entrepreneurs identify business prospects?
Answer:Entrepreneurs routinely seek chances to expand or increase their company revenues. They determine
which product to include and which market to enter. An entrepreneur should listen to prospective customers and
look for chances to build items that meet their demands. An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other
businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. This technique may
involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific materials Conversations with consumers also
facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they may use to enhance a
firm
Question:What makes an entrepreneur successful?
Answer:(28) _________an entrepreneur, you are both your manager and the manager of others. To achieve
success, you must possess a wide range of abilities An entrepreneur must be able to manage people,a budget,
operations, and in certain cases, investors. It necessitates a work style (29)________ (characterize) by
multitasking and planning for the firm's short and long term goals(30) _______successful entrepreneur must be
able to spend his time wisely, regularly analyzing and prioritizing projects based on their relevance and
significance. It includes engaging in short and long-term planning, economic forecasts, and market research.【语法填空的特点】
语法填空考察重点不在于语篇，无需对文章做深层次的理解，只需从题目所在的单句进行入手。只有
个别题目，尤其是状语从句的连词填空，需要关注上下文。切记，不要因为阅读文章而浪费了时间。一般
10道题目需要在8分钟内完成。
语法填空所选的短文大约400左右的单词，难度适中。
语法填空会挖10个空格，有的空格后面有提示，有的空格后面没有提示词，挖空一般较为均匀，不
过密也不过疏。
所缺的地方一般不会影响学生的理解。出题更多从词汇搭配和语言知识的运用上着手，上下文的理
解相对次要。
出题一般涉及以下考点：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词；2）连词；3）形容词和副词；4）情态动
词；5）冠词；6）介词；7）代词
【语法填空解题步骤】
1. 通读全文，把握大意
通读全文的目的是为了把握全文的大意，为下一步填空做好语义上的准备。
因为语义决定着空白处应该填一个什么样的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在这个过程中，很有必要
弄清文章的题材，中心思想，写作线索，篇章结构，段落层次，逻辑关系，词句理解。
2. 仔细阅读，尝试填空
在通读全文，基本把握文章大意之后，就可以着手尝试填空了。
这题的关键是对每个段落层次以及整个语篇中的词汇，句子，语义结构和上下文语境进行综合分析并
做出判断，考察了英语语法基本功，英语语篇的感觉能力，和运用英语思维能力。
做题时，要求考生对空白处的词性能做出迅速的判断，对文章句子做出准确的分析，然后才能准确无
误地填出答案。
3. 复读全文，检查答案所有的空白处都填好后，有必要把整篇文章从头到尾反复从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文，词语搭
配，习惯用语等需要仔细推敲，检查行文是否通顺流畅，条理是否清晰。还要特别注意单词的拼写，
千万不能犯由于单词写错而导致失分的低级错误。
【语法填空解题技巧】1
动词
技巧一：动词的变化形式比较多，有谓语动词（时态，语态）和非谓语动词（to do, doing, done）。
例1：A talk _______ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
解析：句中的 is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应该是非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是
“将来”做的，故用不定式表将来，且report和give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give
的不定式被动式，即to be given。
代词
技巧二：掌握代词考察知识体系
例2：To control this, we’d like to regulate how many people can hike in a day. Starting hike times should also
have regulations so people don’t start too late and find _______ stuck up here.解析：“find”这个动词后面缺少
一个名词作宾语，缺少名词，考察语法点必然是代词。根据上下文，应该是“人们发现他们自己被困在那
里”。这里考察反身代词themselves。
连词
技巧三：掌握定从，名从，状从三大从句的连词。首先要判断是什么类型的从句，再根据各个从句的
解题步骤确定相应的连词。
例 3：But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. _______ is considered to be proper table
manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another.
解析：首先找到主句的谓语动词：第二个is。“is likely to”前面是一个主语从句。在这个主语从句中，
很明显缺少主语，并且是物。根据上下文，也没有表示“哪一个”，所以连词确定为“what”。
形容词
技巧四：只考察比较级和最高级，根据上下文语义判断。
例4：It’s interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good
manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be _______ (loud) in the world. According
to lifestyle website grape.jp, slurping when eating needles is encouraged in Japanese culture.解析：loud表示声音大的，前面提到了日本人欣赏沉默，后面有yet，说明发生了转折，所以在吃面条这件事情上，日本人不
沉默，所以是大声的，再根据上下文，应该是最大声的，填the loudest。
情态动词
技巧五：常考的情态动词can, could, may, might, must, should, ought to, have/has to, will, would,
shall。
例5：The virtue of a man _______ _______ be measured by his everyday conduct.
解析：这个空格放在主语和谓语动词之间，考察的是情态动词或者是助动词。根据语义，一个人的美
德应该由他日常行为来衡量，再结合这里有两个空，所以答案是ought to。
介词
技巧六：注意词组搭配
例 6：The mountains could have stopped moisture _______ the sea reaching Pangaea’ interior, thus
leading to drying and ultimately die-offs——without a corresponding increase in temperature.
解析：根据语意，这些山阻挡了来自海洋的水气到达内地，因此导致干旱和大规模死亡。表示“来
自”的介词应该选择from。
介词
技巧七：根据上下文语境判断是特指还是泛指。
例7：The parents were shocked by _______ news that their son needed an operation on his knee.
解析：第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该是特指。所以答案为the。
1. 【2024·宝山区·二模】
Imagine you are out fishing on the high seas - the wind and water are clean and comfortable and you begin
bringing up your first catch of the day. That's when everything goes wrong. Your fishing nets are tangled up (缠成
一团) in older, abandoned fishing tool, and you're unable to untangle them. Your equipment (21) _____ (ruin),
and all of the fish you have worked so hard to catch are trapped. They will die (22) _____ you are unable to
draw or free them. Ghost fishing has claimed yet another victim.
Ghost fishing is what abandoned fishing tool does. It still catches fish, but no one benefits. Trapped fish dieand attract scavengers (清道夫) (23) _____ also get caught, creating a vicious cycle. In fact, lost fishing tool, or
"ghost tool," is among (24) _____ (great) killers in the oceans. This tool further reduces the already declining
number of fish.
Environmental agencies estimate that 10 percent of all seawater litter is lost or deserted fishing tool (25)
_____ (equal) 640,000 tons every year. Fortunately, these agencies are asking why this is happening and what
(26) _____ be done to stop it.
It's not the intention of the majority of fishermen to lose their tool. In most circumstances bad weather is to
blame. But in other cases fishermen throw their tool in the ocean on purpose, risking expensive fines. But to
them, it's worth the risk (27) _____ (free) up space onboard, cut fuel costs or avoid paying handling fees. (28)
_____ equipment loss is accidental or not, a strategy involving tool identification seems to be a practical
solution.
By marking tool with electronic tags and utilizing GPS technology, owners are more likely to recover lost
tool and less likely to abandon it. Currently, ownership regulations are reportedly very weak. Leading the effort
for tagging fishing tool and creating accountability is the GGTI(Global Ghost Tool Initiative). (29) _____
(launch) in 2015, the GGTI is the first organization of its kind. It's brought together an organization of
governments, fishing-industry executives, seafood companies and non-profits. Their efforts to get back and
recycle the tool (30) _____ (improve) marine environment, protecting fish and fishermen's way of life.
Ghost fishing poses a serious threat to the fishing industry worldwide, and a global effort is needed to solve it.
2. 【2024·崇明区·二模】
Grand Chinese New Year Celebration Held in London
More than 700,000 people in London joined in a celebration on February 11 organized by the London
Chinatown Chinese Association to welcome the Year of the Dragon.
The celebration was claimed by the organizers (21) _____ (be) the largest Chinese New Year event outside
Asia. It started at 10 am with a diverse parade featuring dragon dances and displays of traditional Chinese
costumes. The parade started from the east of Trafalgar Square and concluded on Shaftesbury Avenue in
Chinatown.
During the parade, significant attention (22) _____ (capture) by the traditional Chinese Puning Yingge folk
dance, a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in China. The group of 16 dancers, originating
from the Chaoshan region in South China’s Guangdong province, (23) _____ the art form originated, offered a
sensory cultural feast (盛宴) to the people of the United Kingdom.At noon, the event reached its climax on the center stage in Trafalgar Square, with notable figures from China
and Britain participating in the eye-dotting ceremony of two lions, symbolically (24) _____ (awaken) them. (25)
_____ the lions were awakened, they performed a lively flying dance. Performers (26) _____ (hide) under the
costumes jumped up and down on 3-meter-high poles, drawing enthusiastic applause from the crowds.
Zheng Zeguang, China’s ambassador (大使) to the UK, (27) _____ (address) the attendees at Trafalgar
Square. He expressed gratitude to the organizers and artists for making (28) _____ possible for the event to happen,
and extended warm wishes of good fortune and advance for the Year of the Dragon.
Sadiq Khan, mayor of London, spoke highly of the contributions of Londoners of Chinese origin. “One of the
reasons why London is the greatest city in the world is (29) _____ Londoners of Chinese origin have been making
contributions to the city,” he said. The mayor also warned (30) _____ trying to “discourage” friendships between
China and the UK.
In addition to the lively parade and stage performances, there were cultural workshops, interactive games, and
food stands set up around Trafalgar Square.
3. 【2024·虹口区·二模】
No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones
“Please, no flash photography.”
Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage
people from taking photos of (21) _________ they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other
places (22) _________ people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-
breaking feature—on phones at least.
The patent, (23) _________ (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert
halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on
smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the
smartphone as a command (24) _________ (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.
Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows (25) _________ they object to the
free footage circulating around the web. (26) _________ this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert
before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent (27)
_________ (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like
this could potentially stop happening.But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to (28)
_________ with more immoral intentions.
Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’
devices, it’s possible that Apple just (29) _________ (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But
who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even
GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid (30) _________ (use) the prohibitive software.
4. 【2024·金山区·二模】
DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration
The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In
this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University (21) ______ (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals
buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating
back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data (22) ______ (explore) human migration along
the Hexi Corridor.
The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link (23) ______ (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the
Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities (24)
______ (found) along short rivers.
Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads (25)_______ Western
and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the
Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.
(26) ______ technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are
increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of
Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data (27) ______ the teeth and bones found at two
sites near Dunhuang.
The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further
examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and (28) ______ ______ 30
percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local
men.
(29) ______ the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations.
Experts said the second major migration period (30) ______ (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool.
Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.
5. 【2024·闵行区·二模】
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time, he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not
as a musician but as her page-turner. “(21)________ not being a trained musician, I’ve learned to read music
to assist Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but (22)________(act) as the group’s official page-turner
for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score. In this way, the musicians
don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it (23)________. He said he became just as nervous as those playing
instruments on stage.
Being a page-turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music (24)________ go for 40 minutes and
require up to 50 pages of turns, including back turns for repeat passages. (25)________ matters is onstage
communication. Each pianist has their own style of “nodding” (26)________( indicate) a page turn that they need
to practise with their page-turner.
But like all performances, there are moments (27)________ things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get
ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton
said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.”
(28)________ most page-turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, Ms Raspopova has
once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner. He’s interested in the music, (29)________(feel)
every note, but I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ ” she laughed. “But Robert is (30)________ (qualified) page-turner I’ve
had in my entire life.”
6. 【2024·浦东新区·二模】
Why We Should Record Travel Moments
On a rainy summer day, I took a train to Switzerland and trekked through the mud to a medieval fortress high
atop a cliff. After twisting through its dimly lit corridors, I finally ____21____ (arrive) at the main viewpoint of
Cave of the Fairies: a plunging 77m waterfall that shoots from underground into a sparkling pool. As the waterfall
wet my jacket, I closed my eyes and took out my phone ____22____ (record) the rush of dreamy reality before me.
I had come in search of a sound, not a sight.
Throughout my travels, I’ve found myself ____23____ (collect) sound recordings the way other people collectsouvenirs. Just as some travellers take photos of landscapes or their food, I started doing this as an artistic way to
help me remember some of the most interesting details of my trips.
Environmental scientist Lauren Kuehne said, “I think that once you start to listen, once you actually start to
listen, you start to appreciate how much ____24____ (big) the world is.”
This attitude ____25____ (echo) by Samara Kester, a retired emergency medicine physician who now serves
on QPI’s board. “A photograph is two dimensions. ____26____ you are looking at something you’re seeing, it’s
maybe 180 degrees, maybe 270 degrees. Sound is 360 degrees. You hear it all around you.” Kester explained
____27____ teaching herself to be a better listener has not only expanded her sense of travel, but helped her relive
her travels once she’s back home. “You immerse ____28____ in that place again. You recreate those memories and
therefore recreate the feelings you had, ____29____ are very hard to express clearly. You can re-experience that
and that will send you to where you were before.”
Months later back in my L.A. home, I find myself popping on my headphones and listening back to the rush
of falling water inside Cave of the Fairies. When I close my eyes, I ____30____ feel the spray of water against my
skin, the sense of letting my ears lead me on a faraway adventure. Mentally, I’m right back there — if only for a
moment.
7. 【2024·普陀区·二模】
What If You’re Not Good at English?
Researchers whose first language is not English can spend around twice as long reading an English scientific
journal article as native speakers. For a PhD student, that can mean (21) ______ (spend) up to 19 additional
working days per year just reading papers.
These statistics, (22) ______ (publish) today in PLOS Biology, might not be shocking, researchers say, but it’s
important to measure the effects of language barriers on the careers of academics (23) ______ are not fluent in
English. “It is the first step for the scientific community (24) ______ (make) more efforts to solve this problem”,
says Tatsuya Amano, a biodiversity researcher at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, and a co-
author of the study.
The team found that among scientists who had published only one paper in English, scientists from countries
(25) ______ English is generally poor spent 29.8 percent more time writing papers than native English speakers;
(26) ______ from countries with moderate English proficiency(能力) spent 50.6% more time. Similarly, the
researchers found that people from countries with low English proficiency spent an average of 90.8 percent more
time reading scientific articles (27) _______ native English speakers.At conferences, even those who overcome obstacles face difficulties in presenting their work in English.
Germana Barata, a researcher who (28) ______ (specialize) in science communication at the State University of
Campinas in Brazil, says that despite being fluent in English, she still feels uncomfortable at times. “We (29)
______ (give) the same amount of time to present, but all that we can say in 10 minutes is different from (30)
______ a native speaker can say,” she points out.
8. 【2024·松江区·二模】
Remote Work Slows Senior Housing Market Recovery
With the rise of remote work, the market for senior housing has met with problems in its recovery. Only a few
old people choose to live in senior-living communities （21）______the growing senior population and the
cancelation of COVID-19 restrictions once making family visits difficult.（22）______ this trend suggests is that
people’s shift to remote work contributes to the slow rebound of the senior housing market. That is, remote work is
keeping many older Americans from moving into senior-living communities once warmly （23）______
（welcome）.
When more adults began working remotely during the pandemic（流行病）, they were able to check
in on aging parents easily —they （24）______ take care of their parents’ issues on short notice.
Experts have been analyzing the phenomenon in different ways. Some found that the greater flexibility to care
for parents （25）______（mean） people’s delay in sending aged parents to expensive senior-housing
accommodations. Therefore, markets with high levels of people working from home usually have lower senior-
housing occupancy rates. Others said remote work might have some effect but also pointed to different factors. For
instance, many seniors think that their family wallets are getting thinner, making some of them reluctant （26）
______（send） to senior-living communities.
The age at which people enter senior housing is also increasing, （27）______serves as another sign that
shows people are choosing to delay transitioning. The rising cost of senior living weighs heavily on that decision.
The CPI （consumer-price index） for nursing homes and adult day services rose 4.5% last May compared with
（28）______in May, 2022.
Still, many senior-housing operators are optimistic. When （29）______（illustrate） their point, they
showed an increase in the number of people turning 80 years old over the following years and the actual wealth
they have collected. Moreover, they find remote work arrangements are decreasing in some parts of the country,
（30）______ employees there have seen their lowered productivity while working from home.
