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必修第一册 Unit4 Natural Disasters
过关测试
（考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：100分）
I.词汇检测
1. This is one of the worst natural d__________(灾难) ever to hit the area.
2. The umbrella is a poor s____________(避身处)from heavy rain.
3. We can not s__________ (幸存)for long without food and drink.
4. The firemen ____________(营救)three women from the burning house.
5. Unluckily, the house that we talked about is in ____________(废墟)．
6. The soldiers ____________(使陷入困境)their enemies and forced them to give in.
7. She b__________ (掩埋)her face in her hand and wept when she heard the bad news.
8. The water s__________ (供给)has been cut off because the workers are repairing the main pipes.
9. The plane c__________ (坠毁)into the mountain, but the pilot managed to survive.
10. E_____________ line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they
need to send help.
答案：
1. disasters 2. shelter 3. survive 4. rescued 5. ruins
6. trapped 7. buried 8. supply 9. crashed 10. Emergency
II.单句语法填空
1.The south of the country was worst affected by the ___________ (dry).
2.We _____________ (slide) down the roof and dropped to the ground.
3.Soldiers and volunteers are still searching for _____________ (survive).
4.The signs of an economic _____________ (revive) are only just beginning.5.It suddenly __________ (strike) me how we could improve the situation.
6.The new ____________ (deliver) service has taken off in a big way.
7.It can be useful to write a short _____________ (summarize) of your argument(论点) first.
8.The old man is said to have gone through varieties of ____________ (suffer) during the war.
9. The typhoon has left a trail of death and __________ (destroy) across much of central Japan.
10. I feel much ____________ (affect) for my mum,whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
1.drought 2.slid 3.survivors 4.revival 5.struck 6.delivery 7.summary
8.sufferings 9.destruction 10.affection
III.词组填空
in ruins, cut across, as usual, in shock, suffer from, on hand,
cause damage to , spare no effort to… , survive on, sweep away, as if,
1.He was barely __________________ his earnings as an artist.
2.After the earthquake, the whole city lay _________________ .
3.His friend has_________________ ill health for some years.
4.He isn't seriously injured but he is _________________ .
5. People visit their ancestors’ graves(坟墓) to ______________ the dirt.
6.We all know that we can’t live ______________ without good health.
7.We can gain time if we_________________ this field.
8.We will __________________help you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
9.He talks with a stranger _____________ they were good friends.
10.The earthquake _____________________ property(财产）about $6 billion.
答案：1.surviving on 2.in ruins 3.suffered from 4.in shock 5.sweep away6.as usual 7.cut across 8.spare no effort to 9.as if 10.caused damage to
IV. 课文语法填空
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami ___1___ crashed into coastlines
across Asia yesterday, ____2____ (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia,
and at least four ___3______ countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars ______4_________
(sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached ___5___ magnitude of 9.0.
“I was having breakfast with my three children ___6___ water started filling my home. We had to
leave everything and run to __7___(safe),” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.
Thousands of people are still ______8______(miss), and the number of _____9______ (die) is
expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid ________10___ (organize) for the
tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver
food and supplies.
答案：1.that/which, 2. killing, 3. other, 4. were swept, 5. a, 6. when, 7. safety,
8. missing, 9. deaths, 10. is being organised
V. 阅读理解
A
Natural disasters are nature’s anger, which can upset even the most developed countries and make them into
ruins.There is nothing we can do to stop such disasters happening.In that case it is quite possible that we are all short
of electricity, water, food, etc.The basic necessities to be stored for times of disasters are explained below.
Drinking water is a must for any human to survive.It has to be stored based on the number of people in the
household.A normal human would consume a gallon of water a day.Food is an important requirement.Especially in
times of disasters，our bodies would be weak.Rich food is very important in such times of danger.Food like dry fruits
would be ideal as they last long and give us energy.A First Aid Kit and basic medicines are a must and do remember
to store some of them.Certain basic things such as scissors and soaps would be handy.It is a good idea to have a radio
to be updated with the ongoing news.
An Earthquake Preparedness Kit would be of great help in fighting against an
earthquake in the places where earthquakes take place very often.However, this can happen
anywhere in the world so it is a must and should be well equipped in advance.There are windstorms that can leave behind a trail of destruction.The US has suffered from many tornadoes.Taking steps in advance
to handle such unforeseen circumstances (情况) is a must.It is a good idea to plan an ideal place which would be
helpful in protecting you and your family from the storm.Floods and other natural disasters probably happen
unexpectedly someday, so we need to make preparations for them.
Do take steps in advance.Being well prepared is the only way that would help us recover from such disasters.
【语篇解读】 文章大意：自然灾害是不可避免的，我们要提前做好准备。
1．From the first paragraph we can learn that natural disasters __A__.
A．can’t be prevented by man
B．can be controlled by humans
C．can take place more often
D．will ruin the earth someday
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中第二句“There is nothing we can do to stop such disasters happening.”可
知，自然灾害是无法阻止的。故选A。
2．Which kind of food is most suitable for storing according to the author？__B__
A．Meat and fish. B．Some dry fruits.
C．Cakes and bread. D．Apples and pears.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中第七句“Food like dry fruits would be ideal as they last long and give us
energy.”可知，干水果是最理想的储藏食物。故选B。
3．What is the good way to deal with tornadoes according to the author？__B__
A．Staying outside of your house with your family.
B．Planning a safe place for all your family to stay at.
C．Storing enough water for you and your family.
D．Preparing an Earthquake Preparedness Kit earlier.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中倒数第二句“It is a good idea to plan an ideal place which would be
helpful in protecting you and your family from the storm.”可知，龙卷风来临时，为家人安置一个安全的地方躲避
是好主意。故选B。4．In this passage the author mainly tells readers to __C__.
A．fight against natural disasters ，with their family bravely
B．keep calm in the circumstances of natural disasters
C．prepare necessities for natural disasters ahead of time
D．take steps to reduce the damage of natural disasters
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中最后一句“The basic necessities to be stored for times of disasters are
explained below.”以及最后一段“Do take steps in advance. Being well prepared is the only way that would help us
recover from such disasters.”可知，本文主要介绍的是提前为灾难来临储备好必需品。故选C。
B
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism—if they had been made
last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a
cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under
freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest
Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's
Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent.The
journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the
South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance ，
adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of
cold and hunger，caught the world's imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime
British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his
1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian
photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been
published.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Frank Hurley收集的照片把过去一次不成功的航海活动
重新展现了出来。
1．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
答案 D [事实细节题。根据第二段中的they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a
disastrous shipwreck可知，这些照片记录的是一次海难。]
2．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
答案 C [事实细节题。根据第三段最后一句话中的Captain Scott had reached the South Pole可知，到达
南极的是Robert Falcon Scott。]
3．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
答案 C [事实细节题。根据最后一段中的．..start a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from
movie and still photography可知，Alexander认为他1914航行的目的就是为了挣钱发财。]
C
Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day.But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing
too much.Robins are singing all night—as well as during the day，Britishbased researchers say.
David Dominoni，of Glasgow University，said that light from street lamps，takeaway signs and homes is
affecting the birds' biological clocks，leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni，who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns，said lack of sleep could
put the birds' health at risk.His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab，it leads to some
genes being active at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are exposed to light，the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference，“There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song
output at night and during the day they are still singing.Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So byincreasing their song output，there might be some costs of energy.”
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more
nocturnal.Dr Dominoni said，“In Glasgow where I live，gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me
saying ‘You are the bird expert.Can you help us kill these gulls？’．During the breeding(繁殖) season，between
April and June，they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution，other research concluded that robins living in noisy
cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However，some birds thrive(兴旺) in noisy environments.A study from California Polytechnic State University
found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery.It is thought that they are capitalising on their
predators(天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了一项调查研究的结果，由于人类制造的光线问题，越来越多的鸟类如知
更鸟在晚上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。
1．According to Dr Dominoni's study，what causes robins to sing so much?
A．The breeding season.
B．The light in modern life.
C．The dangerous environment.
D．The noise from heavy machinery.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“David Dominoni，of Glasgow University，said that light
from street lamps，takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clock，leading to them being wide
awake...”以及第三段最后一句可知，是现代生活中的灯光使得知更鸟唱歌太多。故选择B。]
2．What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output?
A．The environment might be polluted.
B．The birds' health might be damaged.
C．The industry cost might be increased.
D．The people's hearing might be affected.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.”可知，唱
歌唱得越多，鸟类就会损耗更多的精力，它们的健康也会因此受到损害。故选择B。]3．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Active at night. B．Inactive at night.
C．Active during the day. D．Inactive during the day.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据上文的“And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.
Blackbirds and seagulls are also being...”以及本段最后的“...they are very active at night...”可知，这里的
nocturnal与前面的awake应该是近义词，意为“夜间活动的”。故选A。]
4．Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?
A．Because there are fewer dangers.
B．Because there is more food to eat.
C．Because there is less light pollution.
D．Because there are more places to take shelter.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“It is thought that they are capitalising on their
predators(天敌)fleeing to quieter areas.”可知，它们的天敌都去了更安静的地方，在这些工业区，天敌更少，也
就是危险更少。]
VI. 完形填空
The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp. And everyone was 1 , except me.
“I’ll hate it,” I told my parents. “I’ll get homesick （想家的）. I’ll look stupid at winter sports, and everyone
will 2 me.”
“You might be surprised, Bree,” said Mom. “The only way to find out is to 3 .”
“It’s what growing up is all about,” Dad added. When 4 the camp, we were asked to share one 5 .
“I’m afraid I’ll be homesick,” someone said.
I wasn’t the only one! I began to 6 . After lunch, we were asked to ski （滑雪）down to the field. I skied
7 ,but I still hit a piece of ice and 8 .
“Ha! Ha!” Behind me, somebody started laughing. I 9 to see who was making fun of me. To my10 ,
I saw a girl in the same awkward （尴尬的） position I was in. “I thought I’d be bad at this,11 I’m worse than Iexpected!” she said.
12 , I started laughing too. After being so13 of falling, it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.
At dinnertime, I was so happy to be talking about interesting things that I14 to feel homesick.
The next day, I was15 to try ski jumping first, even though I didn't want to. But when my feet left the ground,
I felt I was16 and it was wonderful.
Maybe Dad was right when he said “You might17 it if you give it a chance!”
Maybe the kind of18 Mom and Dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook （态度）than my
looks. We all19 fitting in and failing when we try20 things. Sometimes you’re got to fall on your face to
discover how much you’ve got in common.
1. A. strange B. sad C. nervous D. excited
2. A. speak to B. wait for C. laugh at D. talk about
3. A. try B. dream C. change D. move
4. A. searching for B. returning to C. making up D. arriving at
5. A. story B. fear C. purpose D. fact
6. A. eat B. ask C. relax D. sleep
7. A. carefully B. interestingly C. finally D. quickly
8. A. went out B. gave up C. ran away D. fell down
9. A. walked around B. stood up C. looked back D. stepped over
10. A. shame B. surprise C. pleasure D. regret
11. A. but B. so C. because D. or
12. A. Quietly B. Hopefully C. Unhappily D. Suddenly
13. A. tired B. proud C. certain D. afraid
14. A. failed B. refused C forgot D. stopped
15. A. prepared B. chosen C. protected D. allowed16. A. flying B. crying C. learning D. dying
17. A. prevent B. trust C. discover D. enjoy
18. A. winning back B. showing off C. growing up D. working out
19. A. catch up B. worry about C. believe in D. point out
20. A. new B. easy C. right D. popular
【文章大意】在成长过程中我们或许会害怕尝试新事物，或许会害怕失败，然而，这些都是成长的必经阶段。
在此过程中，我们需要以积极向上的态度来面对这一切。
1. D 根据该空后的except me和I’ll hate it可知，作者不想去冬令营，然而其他人都很“兴奋（excited）”。
故选D。
2. C 根据前半句 I’ll look stupid at winter sports 可知，由于不擅长冬季运动项目，作者害怕别人会“笑话
（laugh at）”她。故选C。
3. A 作者的妈妈鼓励作者自己去“尝试（try）”。故选A。
4. D 根据文章首句中的 the coming trip at a winter camp 可知，此处指“到达（arriving at）”营地。故选
D。
5. B 根据下一句中的I’m afraid I’ll be homesick可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事（fear）”。故选B。
6. C 作者一开始担心自己会想家，担心会被别人笑话，因此听到别人说想家时，她开始“放心
（relax）”了。故选C。
7. A 根据上文中的 I’ll look stupid at winter sports 可知，由于作者不擅长冬季体育运动，因此她“小心翼
翼地（carefully）”滑雪。故选 A。
8. D 根据该空前的I still hit a piece of ice可知，作者撞到一块冰上，“摔倒了（fell down）”。故选D。
9. C 根据上一句 Behind me, somebody started laughing 可知，有人在作者身后发出笑声，因此作者“朝身
后看去（looked back）”，想知道究竟是谁在笑。故选C。
10. B 根据该空后的 I saw a girl in the same awkward position I was in可知，作者原本以为有人在笑她，然
而令她“诧异（surprise）”的是，有一个女孩也摔倒了。故选B。
11. A I thought I’d be bad at this 与 I’m worse than I expected之间为转折关系，故选A。12. D 女孩所说的话让作者也“突然（Suddenly）”笑了起来。故选D。
13. D 根据上文的描述可知，作者一直“害怕（afraid）”摔倒。故选D。
14. C 根据该空前的 happy to be talking about interesting things可知，作者在晚饭时和别人聊得很开心，以
至于“忘了（forgot）”想家。故选 C。
15. B 根据后半句 even though I didn’t want to 可知，作者在第二天被“选中（chosen）”第一个尝试跳台
滑雪。故选 B。
16. A 根据该空前的my feet left the ground和该空后的it was wonderful可知，作者感觉自己在“飞翔
（flying）”。故选A。
17. D 作者在此体会到跳台滑雪给她带来的乐趣，因此，她认同爸爸说的“你尝试后或许会“喜欢
（enjoy）”上它的”。故选D。
18. C 根据上文中的“It’s what growing up is all about，” Dad added可知，作者在此发出关于“成长
（growing up）”的感慨。故选C。
19. B 联系全文的语境可知，在成长过程中，当我们尝试“新（new）”事物时，我们都会“担心（worry
about）”不适应或是失败，故选B。
20. A 联系全文的语境可知，在成长过程中，当我们尝试“新（new）”事物时，我们都会“担心（worry
about）”不适应或是失败。故选A。
VIII.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Celebrate World Environment Day
World Environment Day is a yearly event held to raise global sense of the need to protect our world.__36.G__
People consider it a climax (高潮) of environmental activities being performed all year round by UNEP.Be a part of
the celebrations to make our world cleaner，greener and brighter.
Find out what the WED environmental theme is internationally for the year.For example，in 2011，it was the
International Year of Forests，thus the front page focuses on forests and trees on the site.If the theme inspires you，
consider planning your event around the theme.__37.F__
Check out the activities that are already planned in your area，region or country.You might like to join in what
has been planned，or even help out if you’re early enough to become a part of the volunteers for the event.__38.B__Consider holding your own WED event.__39.C__ You could enthuse your neighbourhood street，your friends，
your local community，your school，a group of businesses，or the media to become involved too.
__40.D__ Do a study of your energy usage，your living habits and your use of unsustainable (不可持续的)
products and make a list of ways you intend to control your unsustainable activities and habits and replace them with
sustainable ones.
A．You will expect extra exciting activities.
B．Use the Internet to search for WED events near you.
C．If you don’t mind a little planning and effort，why not organize your own event?
D．Make today that you choose to adopt an eco－friendly lifestyle.
E．Check out which country is the host country for WED．
F．If you have another environmental theme that you’re really into，that’s okay too!
G．Known as WED for short，it is run by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)．
文章大意：本文主要讲述如何响应世界环境日，并就进行什么样的环保活动给出了四条建议。
解析：
36．空格上文讲述为了唤起人们保护世界的意识，每年举行世界环境日。空格下文讲述人们认为世界环
境日是联合国环境规划署全年举行的环境活动的高潮。因此推断空格处选G项“简称为WED，它是由联合
国环境规划署(UNEP)运营的。”符合语境，此处it指世界环境日。故选G。
37．本段建议要了解国际环境保护日的主题。空格上文阐述如果这个主题鼓舞了你，那么考虑围绕该主
题规划你的活动，因此推断空格处选F项“如果你有其他的你喜欢的环保主题，那也可以。”符合语境。故
选F。
38．本段建议你核查一下你的地区或者国家已经有了什么环保活动。空格上文阐述你可能想要参加某个
计划，或者作为志愿者帮忙，因此推断空格处选B项“使用网络搜索你附近举行的国际环境日活动。”符合
语境。故选B。
39．本段建议你考虑组织你自己的环境日活动。空格下文讲述你可以让你的社区、你的朋友、你的学校
或者媒体等都参与，因此推断空格处选C项“如果你不介意一点点的规划和努力，为什么不组织自己的活动
呢。”符合语境。故选C。
40．空格处是本段标题。本段主要阐述研究你的能源使用情况、你的生活习惯和不可持续产品的使用情
况，列出你打算控制你的不环保行为和习惯的方法清单。因此推断本段建议让今天成为你采用环保生活方式的开始。故选D。
