文档内容
考向 53 阅读理解
词汇逻辑与词句猜测题的解答
【策略学习】
词语猜测题
词语猜测题主要考查考生猜测文章中某个单词、短语或词块的含义，或考查该词(块)能被哪个单词、短语
或词块代替。此外，也会考查某一个熟词在具体语境中的特殊含义。
在猜测词义时，能利用构词法猜测的一定先利用构词法。
策略1：利用构词法猜测词义
构词法能够不借助阅读上下文便能够大体猜出词义，然后再结合语境猜测，这样事半功倍，而且有双重保
险，大大提高了解题效率和正确率。所以我们主张：可以利用构词法的，一定先利用构词法，再结合语境解题。
构词法主要有派生、合成和转化三种形式。例如2019年全国卷Ⅱ第25题：tug at the heartstrings中的heartstrings
是合成词：heart(心)＋string(弦)→heartstrings心弦，故本单词可能与feeling有关。
【典例】 (2018·北京卷阅读D)
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol－powered private cars worldwide with
electric，self－driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of
transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050.Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty
appealing.The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride－hailing services，
considering the cost of self－driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题).But
driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.
49.What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Employed. B.Replaced.
C.Shared. D.Reduced.
【分析】 利用构词法猜测词义。field常用作名词，表示“场地，领域”，此处用作动词，引申为“使用，应
用”。根据上段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“The first commercially available driverless cars will almost
certainly”并结合下句中的“as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology”可知，随着
价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。
策略2：利用反义词猜测词义
有时作者会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可根据反义词线索猜测词义。表示对比或反义的信号词(组)常见的有：(whether)...or，unlike，but，yet，however，while，although，
nevertheless，instead，rather than，in contrast, contrary to，on the other hand等。
【典例】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ阅读D)
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research，both the size and consumption habits of our eating
companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with
heavier people who order large portions(份)，it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
13.What does the underlined word“beanpoles”in paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Big eaters.
B.Overweight persons.
C.Picky eaters.
D.Tall thin persons.
【分析】 利用反义词猜测词义。根据 “And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with
heavier people who order large portions(份)，it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.”，研究表
明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭) 相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。
根据“contrary to”可知，画线词与heavier people含义相反。
策略3：利用上下文猜测词义
这是最常见的方法，一定要先从画线词语最近的位置找起，要求理解句子的顺序是：
本句的意思→前后句的意思→本段和前后段的意思
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B)
Yet“Apes”is more exception than the rule.In fact，Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately.One nonprofit
organization，which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment，is keeping__tabs__on more than 2，
000 productions this year.Already，a number of films，including“Water for Elephants，”“The Hangover Part
Ⅱ”and “Zookeeper，”have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.
26.What does the underlined phrase“keeping tabs on”in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Listing completely.
B.Directing professionally.
C.Promoting successfully.
D.Watching carefully.
【分析】 利用上下文猜测词义。根据最近句子 “One nonprofit organization...more than 2，000 productions this
year.”可知，一个非营利组织的工作就是监督在电影拍摄中动物是如何被对待的， 这个非营利组织正在密切关
注今年2 000多部电影的制作。根据上下文语境，画线短语keeping tabs on与monitor(监督)意义最为接近。策略4：利用“语法关系”猜测词义
【典例】 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)
In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nation－state and the spread of universal
compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused
many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking
over.
29.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A.Complex. B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
【分析】 利用“语法关系”猜测词义。根据“dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are
increasingly taking over”中such as 后的内容可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在替代其他语言。由此推知，
dominant languages意为“强有力的语言”。
策略5：利用“逻辑关系”猜测词义
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to
them.But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an author’s work is the highest
currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember，it’s you
that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
26.What does the underlined word“currency”in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.Debt. B.Reward.
C.Allowance. D.Face value.
【分析】 利用“逻辑关系”猜测词义。根据But I imagine that...the highest currency a reader can pay them.可知，
作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处
指“奖励”。
代词猜测与句意猜测题
代词猜测题主要考查文章中的人称代词、不定代词、指示代词或关系代词所指代的内容。解答这类题目时
候一定要遵循“就近原则”，即：代词往上找，就近原则不能忘，找出离代词最近的名词、词组或句子等。
【典例】 (2020·浙江7月卷阅读B)
The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue，Washington，generally don’t flash the same length of green
twice in a row，especially at rush hour.At 9：30 am，the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds.By
9：33 am，a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds.Less traffic at 9：37 am could push it down to
135.Just like the traffic itself，the timing of the signals changes.
That is by design.Bellevue，a fast－growing city just east of Seattle，uses a system that is gaining popularity around
the US：intersection(十字路口)signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.These lights，known as adaptive
signals，have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Increased length of green lights.
B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C. Flexible timing of traffic signals.
D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.【分析】
·第一步 确定题干中的关键信息：the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2
·第二步 定位到原句，并找出该词所代替的内容：根据代词永远出现在原词之后的原则，故代词所指代的内容
应在这一句的前面一句或者前面几个句子中。所以该词所代替的内容为：Just like the traffic itself，the timing of
the signals changes.
·第三步 综合判断得出答案：that指代第一段中的多变的交通信号灯时间。
句意猜测题一般出现在前后文有解释的特殊含义的语句或高度概括句中，要求考生用合适的句子解释这一
语句或这一语句的某一部分。锁定语句前后寻，意义吻合是解题关键。
【典例】 (2019·浙江6月卷阅读B)
Money with no strings attached.It’s not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，
a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You
Need.”
24. What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Money spent without hesitation.
B. Money not legally made.
C. Money offered without conditions.
D. Money not tied together.
【分析】
·第一步 定位到原句，找出题干关键信息在原文中的位置：money with no strings attached
·第二步 寻找信息句，找出与该句相关的信息句：“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
·第三步 分析选项，细读信息句，合理推断画线句的句意。综合判断得出画线句的意思应该是“无条件提供
钱”。
·第四步 仔细比对选项，Money offered without conditions.符合句意。
【检测训练】
1
The International Mother Language Day is on February 21st and it was created by the United Nations to help
preserve indigenous(土著的) languages around the world.Due to globalization, indigenous languages are increasingly under threat of extinction. Every two weeks a language
disappears, taking with it an entire culture’s heritage and thus diminishing the world’s cultural diversity. At least 43
percent of the estimated 6000 languages spoken in the world are endangered, only a few hundred are formally taught and
used and fewer than 100 are used in the digital world, according to UNESCO.
Like languages around the world, indigenous Australian languages are under increasing threat of extinction. The
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies understands that in Australia, there were more than
250 indigenous Australian languages, including 800 dialects, or local variations, at the time of European settlement in
1788. Today only about 13 indigenous Australian languages have enough young people speaking them for them to
survive.
Indigenous languages everywhere are much more than just a way of communicating. Yuin woman Anne Martin,
educator and former national NAIDOC Committee Co-Chair, described indigenous languages as “the breath of life”.
“Indigenous languages are not just a means of communication, they express knowledge about everything: Law,
geography, history, family and human relationships, philosophy, religion, anatomy, childcare, health, caring for country,
astronomy, biology and food. Each language is associated with an area of land and has a deep spiritual significance, and
it is through their own languages that indigenous nations maintain their connection with their ancestors, land and law,”
she said in an interview published by La Trobe University.
International Mother Language Day has been observed every year since February 2000. In 2019, the theme is:
“Indigenous languages matter for development, peace building and reconciliation(和解)”. One of UNESCO’s goals for
that year’s International Mother Language Day is to collect proverbs in as many of the world’s indigenous languages as
possible. The proverbs were compiled and the most appropriate ones published by the UN on its website and other
publications. And the theme for International Mother Language Day 2020 is “Languages without borders”.
1. What does the underlined word “diminishing” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Decrease. B. Add.
C. Create. D. Replace.
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The increasing number of indigenous languages.
B. The development of indigenous languages.
C. The endangered situation of indigenous languages.
D. The popularity of indigenous languages.
3. What does Anne Martin think of indigenous languages?
A. They are just used for communication with each other.B. They are loosely connected with their ancestors, land and law.
C. They are very important for indigenous nations all over the world.
D. They are about not only communication but knowledge about all fields.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Theme of International Mother Language Day.
B. An Introduction of International Mother Language Day.
C. The Protection of Indigenous Languages in the World.
D. The Decrease of Indigenous Languages in the World.
2
For today’s increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what it’s supposed to be: Each country
specializes in what it’s best, at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within countries specialize,
too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins.
However, the coronavirus crisis demonstrates what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from
reaching its markets, or demand suddenly drops — both of which are happening now — the system falls apart.
Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a
leading exporter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns（封
锁）. At least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy won't work for every crop: Ghana, the
world’s top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people stalled focusing on buying essential items instead of chocolate.
The loss in export income in Africa more generally could have a huge impact if the pandemic continues, as many
countries there rely heavily on imported wheat and rice. The prices of these grains have soared not only because of rising
demand for these grains during the crisis, but also because a few countries — including Russia and Vietnam — imposed
export restrictions out of fear that sending food abroad would lead to higher prices at home.
Concentrated markets dominated by just a handful of companies heighten food system fragility. For example, just
three meatpacking plants process over 95 percent of Canada’s beef and nearly all of its beef exports. Now, those meat
processing plants have had to temporarily shut down because of outbreaks of COVID-19 among workers.
Seeing the spoiled products across the world should force all of us to rethink our “efficient” food supplies. We need
to rejuvenate（使恢复活力）local and regional food systems to reduce the vulnerabilities that come with being too
reliant on imported and corporate-dominated foods. This doesn’t mean cutting off all trade or abolishing all packaged
foods, but it does mean building diversity, and increasing opportunities for small and medium-scale enterprises to
flourish in shorter, more sustainable food supply chains that are closer to home.
One place to start is for governments to shift their support from the large-scale, specialized and export-oriented foodsystem to building infrastructure for more diverse local food systems. Around the world, small-scale and organic
producers have been overwhelmed with the surge in interest from customers who want to buy directly from farmers
during the crisis. But these producers often lack the infrastructure to meet that demand. As governments around the
world pass stimulus packages to address the crisis, building more diverse and localized food systems should be an
obvious inclusion.
5. In theory, specialization of the food system ________.
A. adapts to changes efficiently B. balances supply and demand
C. focuses on essential items D. reduces costs of production
6. The underlined word “fragility” in Paragraph 5 means ________.
A. weakness B. diversity
C. unfairness D. complexity
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. A few countries restrict exports to stabilize local food prices.
B. Grain prices rise due to Africa’s dependence on importation.
C. Ghana might be less affected by lockdowns than Belgium was.
D. Packaged-food consumption should be encouraged to address the crisis.
8. The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
A. expose food security issues during the crisis
B. advocate establishing diverse local food systems
C. discuss the development of a sustainable economy
D. prove the importance of sound government policies
3
Men hunted.Women gathered. But the discovery of a woman buried 9,000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with
weapons and hunting tools challenges this widely accepted view. The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old
when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing.
The objects accompanying people in death tend to be those that accompanied them in life. Although some scholars
have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting, others have dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were
uncovered in female burials.
To examine whether this woman found at this site was an exception, the researchers examined 429 skeletons at 107
burial sites from around 8,000 to 14,000 years ago. Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were
female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to “justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-
game hunting was likely nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas.The findings add to doubts about “man-the-hunter” assumption about early humans since the mid-20th century. That
theory assumes that it was men who went out and hunted, bringing home meat to feed women and children, who were
responsible for gathering berries, plants and nuts to enrich the dict.
But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all
able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the spears used at that time had low accuracy,
encouraging participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child
care demands by “allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many.
“Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient hunter-gatherer groups, and
human groups more generally,” Haas said.
9. The discovery of the buried woman shows ________.
A. she was killed by a big-game animal B. she might use hunting tools when alive
C. women were good at throwing spears D. women were buried alone after death
10. The underlined word “nontrivial” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”.
A. limited B. direct C. significant D. passive
11. Which of the following lead to women’s involvement in hunting?
①allo-parenting ②big-game hunting ③tasks of gathering ④less accurate tools
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④
12. Haas probably believes that ________.
A. most of our ancestors were buried with hunting tools
B. we should reconsider previous views on human groups
C. division of labor in hunter-gatherer society remains unchanged
D. the tomb found in the Andes justifies “man-the-hunter” assumption
4
In summer 2007, I joined the British Red Cross at 15. After several days of training. I was attending my first event
as a fully qualified Red Cross volunteer. Our team was providing medical cover for a large martial arts grading event.
Although I'd passed my first aid course with flying colours, I was nervous before the event began. There's quite a
difference between the classroom and the real thing! Two experienced adult volunteers would be working with me for the
day.
Rosie was taking part in the under-16s event. This was supposed to be non-contact, and she was wearing full
protective clothing just in case. All these precautions didn't help, however, when her competitor misjudged a move and
delivered a violent blow to her head.
“Guys, we need some help over here!” Over we went, all three of us carrying various bits of kit. Rosie was lying onthe ground. As we approached we could see she was conscious. Brian, my colleague took the lead.
“Hey there, stay nice and still for me. Chris here is just going to hold your head. Don't worry; it's just a precaution.”
I helped, painfully aware that hundreds of sets of eyes were following our every move. However I soon forgot all
about this as I focused on the task at hand.
Rosie was complaining of pain in her neck. These are all classic signs of a possible spinal injury. Quickly, Brian
found there were no other injuries and an ambulance was called. I was still holding her head and doing my best to
comfort her.
The doctors arrived and we put Rosie carefully into the ambulance for a trip to hospital. Then we went back to the
first aid post quickly.
Ten years on I've met many more people like Rosie—in need of help. I've moved on from being a trainee to a
trainer, from an inexperienced first aider to being part of an emergency ambulance team.
When a call comes in, that slight feeling of nervousness is still there. However, so is the feeling of making a
difference, being there during a painful moment in someone's life.
13. What does the underlined part “with flying colours” probably mean?
A. Slowly. B. Successfully. C. Poorly. D. Carefully.
14. How was Rosie injured?
A. She was hit by mistake. B. She made a wrong move.
C. She didn't take precautions. D. She was not herself and fell.
15. How did the author help Rosie?
A. She took her to hospital. B. She held her head and calmed her.
C. She checked her injuries. D. She did something for her pain.
16. What do we know about the author now?
A. She often receives first aid training.
B. She's working as a professional doctor.
C. She feels a sense of achievement about her work.
D. She's no longer nervous when performing first aid.
5
That summer, I went to a small and rather remote village of Manitoba’s as a substitute for a sick teacher. It was a
very poor village with a few humble wooden houses. There was nothing but the spruce around me. Could I leave a deep
impression on the children in just a month? Is a month really worth the effort? I was really doubtful about these two
questions.
Maybe the children had the same ideas, because I had never seen so depressing, sad, and even bitter facialexpressions. I had little experience in teaching, and my age was like that of those children.
Most of them had thin eyes, dark skin, and shiny black hair, which indicated they were mixed blood children of
French and Indian.
At nine o’ clock, the classroom was already as hot as a stove. I didn’t know where I should start. Then I called from
a list of names, expecting the response. They stood up, and gave me the reply. However, when Yolanda was called, there
was no response …Still no response …About 15 seconds later, a voice came from the back of the classroom with the
buzzing of flies. “She’s dead. She died last night.”
The tone of the child’ s voice was astonishing but plain, and perhaps nothing could be more painful than to narrate
in that tone. “Ah!” I cried out, not knowing what to say. The children and I looked at each other for a long time and we
were silent. I understood that what I had seen from the children’s eyes and faces, which I had thought was the expression
of indifference, turned out to be a great pain.
“Since Yolanda was your classmate, would you like to see her at four o’ clock after school?” There was a smile on
the children’s serious little faces. It was a smile, though formal and sad.
After four o’clock, I saw that many children were waiting for me at the school gate. There were more than 20
children in total. Some of them walked in front to guide me. The others held me tightly, which almost made me unable to
walk. Five or six younger children took my hand and gently led me forward, just like leading a blind guy. I
unconsciously remembered those names, and they are still fresh in my memory, including Yolanda.
17. The author went to a small remote village to________.
A. have a summer trip
B. teach for a short time
C. have a good time with children
D. achieve more teaching experience
18. What does the underlined word “indifference” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Unconcern.
B. Dissatisfaction.
C. Disagreement.
D. Friendliness.
19. What can we infer from the story?
A. The children were unwilling to see Yolanda after school.
B. The children were upset about their mixed blood identity.
C. The author was moved by the love of the poor children.
D. The author was confident about his teaching at first.6
There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19
pandemic-and every time I walk past it the line seems longer. A community fridge recently showed up a couple of blocks
away; it’s one of many that activists have fixed across the city to fight against growing food insecurity. Just around the
corner there’s a young woman who has become a regular among the beggars I usually see in the area. She lost her job
because of Covid-19.
It’s not all doom and gloom. While the poor are getting poorer, the 1% are making out like robbers. America’s 600-
plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same
period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs. The US government has printed trillions of dollars in
economic relief but many of the forgivable emergency loans for small businesses seem to have been taken by the super-
rich. My local independent coffee shop has closed down, but Kanye West received a partially forgivable loan worth at
least $2m. It is becoming increasingly clear that the US is experiencing one of the biggest wealth transfers in history.
Bernie Sanders has a plan to help. Last week, Sanders introduced a bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, that would
establish a one-time 60% tax on billionaires’ pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care
for a year. There is very little chance the bill will get passed.
Billionaires shouldn’t exist in the first place-the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to
help pay health care shouldn’t be remotely controversial. However, there are some who think such a move would be
extremely unfair to “poor unfortunate” billionaires who, as we all know, are one of the most unfairly hurt groups in the
world.
20. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs?
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving definitions.
C. By presenting arguments. D. By making contrasts.
21. The underlined sentence “It’s not all doom and gloom.” implies that ________.
A. the writer doesn’t feel depressed at all
B. the current situation of Covid-19 is getting better
C. the woman has suffered more than we can imagine
D. the billionaires still make profits during the pandemic
22. The bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, was put forward to ________.
A. rid the country of pandemic
B. restrict the billionaires’ fortune
C. provide short-term loans for health careD. ensure temporary free medical service
23. What is the author’s attitude towards the billionaires?
A. Disapproving. B. Disappointed.
C. Sympathetic. D. Respectful.
7
Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources, humans are the planet’s super predator(捕食者). As
the human population expands, it’s getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new
findings indicate animals around the world have come up with another strategy: They are becoming nocturnal.
In a paper published in Science, researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about human impact on animal
activity. They compared animals’ activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance (from hunting or
farming to hiking and other outdoor recreation) and low human disturbance (relatively natural conditions). The analysis
showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.
For example, in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 90% nocturnal in urban areas. Even
activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals’ daily
rhythms. “We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences
on animal behavior,” says Kaitlyn Gaynor, lead researcher for the study.
This is not the first time animals have had to live at night; during the time of dinosaurs, they were also nocturnal.
“Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous(无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals(哺乳动物)
emerge into the daylight,” Gaynor says. “And now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the
night.”
Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to
live well at night, which would ultimately hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even more alarming
effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In California’s Santa Cruz Mountains, coyotes have been more nocturnal in
response to hikers and have started to alter their diets from daytime prey, such as squirrels and birds, to nocturnal prey,
such as rats and rabbits.
Exactly how ecological communities will change, and whether it will be for better or worse, requires further study.
Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans, Gaynor notes. For instance, tigers in Nepal are avoiding
potentially deadly conflicts with people as they become more nocturnal.
Studies like this one will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect
ecosystems. “We’ll need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of
wildlife populations or human activities,” Gaynor notes, “One potential approach might be to manage the timing ofhuman activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”
24. How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?
A. By limiting food intake. B. By leaving their habitat.
C. By controlling population. D. By adjusting daily routine.
25. What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Harmless. B. Recreational. C. Organized. D. Irregular.
26. Why does the author mention dinosaurs?
A. To highlight the importance of daylight.
B. To indicate the domination of humans.
C. To illustrate mammals’ adaptability.
D. To demonstrate dinosaurs’ power.
27. What can we learn about animals’ becoming nocturnal?
A. It has led to a new ecological balance.
B. It demands more conservation areas.
C. It may encourage bio-diversity.
D. It might be double-edged.
8
A New Jersey couple and a homeless man have been accused of making up a feel﹣good story that raised more than
＄400,000 through GoFundMe.
The couple, Kate McClure and Mark D'Amico, and the man, Johnny Bobbitt Jr., face a charge of second-degree
theft, Burlington County Prosecutor Scott Coffina said Thursday.
The couple said they met Bobbitt when he gave his last ＄20 to McClure, who was stranded on Interstate 95 in
Philadelphia, so she could put gas in her car，then started the GoFundMe campaign as a way to thank him.
The paying-it-forward story that drove this fundraiser might seem too good to be true, Coffina said at a press
conference.
Unfortunately, it was. The entire campaign was based on a lie.
After fees, the money of the campaign netted about ＄367, 000, all deposited into McClure's accounts, Coffina
said. Bobbitt received ＄75,000, and within months McClure and D'Amico had wasted their share on buying a car, high-
end handbags and trips, Coffina said. They also used it at casinos(赌场), he said.
Coffina stressed that while Bobbitt, a veteran (老兵), deserves thanks for his service to the country and sympathy
for his situation; he was fully involved in the crime, using media to help "promote the dishonest campaign".According to Coffina, McClure and D'Amico first met Bobbitt at an off-ramp（驶出匝道）near a casino they
regularly went, at least a month before the GoFundMe campaign went live.
They went back to the spot a month later, Coffina said. D'Amico took a picture of McClure and Bobbitt that became
the face of the GoFundMe campaign that they started hours later, Coffina said.
28. What's the actual purpose of the GoFundMe campaign started by the couple?
A. To express their appreciation for Bobbitt's help.
B. To help Bobbitt pay off his heavy debt.
C. To raise money for their own benefit.
D. To make people believe in Bobbitt's generosity.
29. What does the underlined word "stranded" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Impossible to finish.
B. Unable to move.
C. Without any choice.
D. Out of service.
30. How much money did the couple get from the GoFundMe campaign?
A. About ＄292, 000.
B. About ＄367, 000.
C. About ＄325, 000.
D. About ＄400, 000.
31. What was Bobbitt accused of?
A. Pretending to be a veteran.
B. Robbing the couple of ＄75, 000.
C. Failing to serve his country.
D. Helping invent the story.
