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2025 年中考押题预测卷(扬州卷)
数学·参考答案
第Ⅰ卷
一、选择题(本大题共8个小题,每小题3分,共24分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题
目要求,请选出并在答题卡上将该项涂黑)
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
答案 C C B C C D D A
第Ⅱ卷
二、填空题(本大题共10个小题,每小题3分,共30分.请把答案直接填写在横线上)
9 1
9.4.6×108 10.﹣(m+2)2(m﹣2)2 11.a≥− 12.
4 2
4π
13.0.8 14.11 15. −√3 16.2√3
3
√34
17.(1012,1) 18.
2
三、解答题(本大题共10个小题,共96分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)
19.(8分)
1 −1
解:(1)2cos60°+|−1|+( ) −√12
2
1
=2× +1+2﹣2√3
2
=1+1+2−2√3
=4−2√3;···········································································4分
(2)4(x+1)2﹣(2x+5)(2x﹣5)
=4(x2+2x+1)﹣(4x2﹣25)
=4x2+8x+4﹣4x2+25
=8x+29.············································································8分
20.(8分){ 1
解: − x>−1①,
3
3x+2≥x②
解不等式①得x<3,
解不等式②得x≥﹣1,
∴原不等式组的解集是﹣1≤x<3,·······················································5分
∴原不等式组的整数解是﹣1,0,1,2,
∴所有整数解的和﹣1+0+1+2=2.·······················································8分
21.(8分)
解:(1)∵A组的数据分别为:0.5,0.4,0.4,0.3,0.3,
∴A组数据的中位数是0.4;·····························································2分
本次调查的样本容量是15÷25%=60,····················································4分
12
B组所在扇形的圆心角的大小是360°× =72°.·········································6分
60
(2)∵a=60﹣5﹣12﹣15﹣8=20,
20+15+8
∴1500× =1075(人),
60
答:估计该校学生劳动时间超过lh的大约有1075人.·····································8分
22.(8分)
解:(1)由题意可得,
1
第一次取出的卡片图案为申公豹的概率为 ,
4
1
故答案为: ;·······································································3分
4
(2)由题意可得,树状图如下:
由上可得,共有12种等可能的结果,其中抽取的两次结果为哪吒和申公豹的结果有2种,
2 1
∴抽取的两次结果为哪吒和申公豹的概率为 = .········································8分
12 623.(10分)
解:设B品牌的呼吸机每台的进价是x万元,则A品牌的呼吸机每台的进价是(x+0.2)万元,
20 18
依题意,得: = ,·····························································4分
x+0.2 x
解得:x=1.8,······································································6分
经检验:x=1.8是原方程的解,且符合题意,···········································8分
∴x+0.2=2.
答:A品牌的呼吸机每台的进价是2万元,B品牌的呼吸机每台的进价是1.8万元.··········10分
24.(10分)
(1)解:过点P作 PH⊥BD于H.如图1,
∵BD⊥BC,PH⊥BD,
∴∠CBH=∠PHB=∠C=90°,
∴四边形BCPH是矩形,
∴PH=BC=4,
在 Rt△ACB中, ,
AB=√AC2+BC2=√32+42=5
由旋转的性质可知,BD=BA=5,
1 1
∴S△PBD = •BD•PH= ×5×4=10;····················································4分
2 2
(2)证明:如图2中,连接BF,BA=BD,则BF⊥AD,∵BC=BE,BA=BD,
∴∠BCE=∠BEC,∠BAD=∠BDA,
∵△BDE是由△BAC旋转得到,
∴∠BCE=∠ABD,
∴∠BEC=∠ADB,
∵BA=BD,AF=DF,
∴BF⊥AD,
∴∠BFD=90°,
∵∠BED=∠AFD=90°,DT=TB,
1 1
∴ET= BD,FT= BD,
2 2
∴ET=FT=DT=TB,
∴E,F,D,B四点共圆,
∴∠1=∠DBF,
∵∠DBF+∠BDF=90°,
∴∠1+∠BEC=90°,
∴∠1+∠BEC+∠BED=180°,
∴C、E、F三点共线.·································································10分
25.(10分)
解:(1)DE与 O相切,理由如下:
∵AB=AC, ⊙
∴∠C=∠B,
∵OB=OD,
∴∠B=∠ODB,
∴∠C=∠ODB,∴OD∥AC,
∵DE⊥AC,
∴DE⊥OD,
∴DE切 O于D;······································································4分
(2)∵A⊙B是圆的直径,
∴∠ADB=90°,
∴∠ADC=90°,
CD 1
∵tan∠DAE= = ,
AD 2
∴令CD=x,AD=2x,
∴AC x,
=√AD 2+CD2=√5
∵ O的半径为√5,
∴⊙AC=AB=2√5,
∴√5x=2√5,
∴x=2,
∴CD=2,AD=2x=4,
1 1
∵△DAC的面积= AC•DE= AD•CD,
2 2
∴2√5×DE=2×4,
4√5
∴DE= .········································································10分
5
26.(10分)
解:(1)设文具店A种、B种书挂袋售价各为x元、y元,根据题意得:
{3x+2y=110
,
5x+4 y=200
{x=20
解得: .
y=25答:文具店A种、B种书挂袋售价各为20元、25元.····································3分
(2)设B种挂书袋为m只,则A种挂书袋为(40﹣m)只,
根据题意可知:
①当m≤10只时,文具店的利润为:
(20﹣16)(40﹣m)+(25﹣18)m=160+3m,
∴当m=10只时,利润最大为190元;················································5分
②当m>10只时,文具店的利润为:
(20﹣16)(40﹣m)+(25﹣18)m﹣m(m﹣10)×0.1
=﹣0.1m2+4m+160
=﹣0.1(m﹣20)2+200,
∵a=﹣0.1<0,
∴当m=20只时,文具店的最大利润为200元,此时A为20只.··························8分
∵200>190,
∴A、B两种书袋均取20只.
答:当A、B两种书挂袋都是20只时,文具店获利最大,最大利润是200元.··············10分
27.(12分)
2015
解:(1)反比例函数y= 是闭区间[1,2015]上的“闭函数”.理由如下:
x
2015
反比例函数y= 在第一象限,y随x的增大而减小,
x
当x=1时,y=2015;
当x=2015时,y=1,
即图象过点(1,2015)和(2015,1)
∴当1≤x≤2015时,有1≤y≤2015,符合闭函数的定义,
2015
∴反比例函数y= 是闭区间[1,2015]上的“闭函数”;···································3分
x
(2)由于二次函数y=x2﹣2x﹣k的图象开口向上,
对称轴为x=1,
∴二次函数y=x2﹣2x﹣k在闭区间[1,2]内,y随x的增大而增大.
当x=1时,y=1,
∴k=﹣2;
当x=2时,y=2,∴k=﹣2;
即图象过点(1,1)和(2,2),
∴当1≤x≤2时,有1≤y≤2,符合闭函数的定义,
∴k=﹣2.·············································································6分
(3)因为一次函数y=kx+b(k≠0)是闭区间[m,n]上的“闭函数”,
根据一次函数的图象与性质,有:
(Ⅰ)当k>0时,即图象过点(m,m)和(n,n),
{mk+b=m
,
nk+b=n
{k=1
解得 ,
b=0
∴y=x;·············································································9分
(Ⅱ)当k<0时,即图象过点(m,n)和(n,m),
{mk+b=n
可得: ,
nk+b=m
{ k=−1
解得 ,
b=m+n
∴y=﹣x+m+n,
∴一次函数的解析式为y=x或y=﹣x+m+n.·············································12分
28.(12分)
解:(1)如图,过点D作DH⊥BC于点H,
DH 4
则tanC= = ,
CH 3
在Rt△DHC中,DH2+CH2=CD2=100,
∴DH=8,CH=6,
∵AD∥BC,∠B=90°,
∴∠A=∠B=∠DHB=90°,
∴四边形ABHD是矩形,∴AB=DH=8,
故答案为:8.········································································3分
(2)①过点E作EJ⊥BC于点J,
由(1)中结论可得,EH=AB=8,
由翻折可得,DE=EG=x,GF=CF=y,∠EGO=∠D,∠FGO=∠C,
∵AD∥BC,
∴∠C+∠D=180°,∠EGO+∠FGO=180°,
∴E,G,F三点共线,EF=x+y,JF=JC﹣FC=x﹣y+6,
在Rt△EJF中,EJ2+JF2=EF2,
∴(x﹣y+6)2+82=(x+y)2,
16
化简得:y= +3.·································································6分
x+3
1
②∵OG=OD= CD=5,
2
∴点G运动的轨迹为一段弧,设弧所对的圆心角为n°,
nπ×5 5
由弧长公式得: = π,
180 2
解得n=90°,即DOG=90°,
1
∴∠DOE= ∠DOG=45°,
2
如图,点E与点A重合,过点A作AI⊥CD交CD的延长线于点I,∵AD∥BC,
∴∠ADI=∠C,
AI 4
∴tan∠ADI=tanC= = ,
DI 3
设AI=4x,DI=3x,O1=3x+5,
在等腰Rt△OIA中,AI=OI=4x=3x+5,
解得x=5,
∴AI=20,DI=15,
在Rt△DIA 中, ,·································9分
AD=√(AI) 2+(DI) 2=√152+202=25
③由翻折知:S△ADO =S△AGO ,S△CFO =S△GFO ,
1 1 1 16 16
∴S
△EOF
=
2
S
梯 形E
=
D2CF
(x+ y)×8×
2
=2(x+3+
x+3
),当x+3=
x+3
时,S△EOF 有最小值,
∵x+3>0,
∴x=1时,最小值为16,
故答案为:16.········································································12分