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时态和语态
即刻题库 www.jike.vip
1 、 单选题
It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _____
by about 10%.
A : will have risen
B : has risen
C : will be rising
D : has been rising
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:据报道,到这个月底,这个工厂的水泥产量将增加大约10%。句中的时间状语
是by the end of this month。“by+未来的时间”应用将来完成时。
2 、 单选题
Much as _____, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that
much spare cash.
A : I would have liked to
B : I would like to have
C : I should have to like
D : I should have liked to
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:尽管我愿意帮忙,但我却不能借给他钱,只因为我没有那么多余款。would like
to do sth想要做某事,愿意做某事,主句为过去时态,故使用would have like to。B
项have的位置不正确;C项、D项中的should表示“本应该做某事”,与语境不符合。
3 、 单选题
The growth of two-income families in the United States _____ of people moving to anew social class.
A : has resulted in millions
B : results of millions
C : millions of results
D : resulting in millions
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:美国双手入家庭数量的增多使得数以百万计的人们进入一个新的社会阶
层。result in导致,使得。句子应该采用完成时,故A项正确。
4 、 单选题
In the past 50 years, there _____ a great increase in the amount of research _____ on
the human brain.
A : was...did
B : has been...to be done
C : was...doing
D : has been...done
正确答案: D
解析:
根据in the past 50 years判断,需用现在完成时。过去分词短语和不定式都能做定语,
但本句想表达的是已经做了的实验,因此应用过去分词表完成和被动,选项D正确。
5 、 单选题
It says she has been studying Chinese for three months and _____ for China in a
month.
A : had been studying; visited; is leaving
B : studied; had visited; will live in
C : has studied; visited; would leave
D : was studying; has visited; leaves
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:我的朋友Tanya在去日本之前学了六年的日语,我刚收到她的信,信上说她已经
学了三个月的汉语,在一个月后去中国。从题目中可知,Tanya现在正在学习汉语,在
此之前去过日本,因而要用过去时,在去日本之前就已经在学习日语,去日本是过去的
事,去日本之前学日语就是过去的过去,因此用过去完成进行时,强调动作的延续
性“一直在学日语”;一个月后将要去中国,leaving表示将要发生的动作。6 、 单选题
Consequently, his balloon was damaged and he was forced to end his trip.
A : wasn’t anticipating
B : wouldn’t anticipate
C : had anticipated not
D : had not anticipated
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:当Steve Fossett第一次尝试独自乘热气球环球旅行的时候,他没有料想到会在阿
根廷上空遭遇到10天的暴风雨,致使他的热气球受损被迫放弃飞行。had not
anticipated为过去完成时,含义为“没有料想到”,表示在主句发生的动作之前。
7 、 单选题
Unfortunately, he _____ at the hospital before I _____.
A : has died; went there
B : had died; arrived
C : died; had been there
D : was dying; had gone
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:我一收到祖父病重的消息就出发了。不幸的是在我到达医院之前他就去世了。根
据题意第一个空格处应该用过去完成时,表示过去的过去,所以B项正确。
8 、 单选题
When Sally _____ the criminal _____ her house, she screamed at the top of her voice
because she didn’t want _____.
A : saw;enter;killed
B : saw;enter;to be killed
C : sees;entering;be killed
D : sees;enter;killing
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:萨利看到那个罪犯走进她的房间后,她大声尖叫起来,因为她不想被杀死。第一空用一般过去时。see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在干某事。see sb. do sth.看见某人做了
某事,故第二空中,动词原形和现在分词均可用;want to do为固定用法,且主语和kill
之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。
9 、 单选题
The student _____ continuing his studies when he had to return to his home country
unexpectedly.
A : is considering
B : was considering
C : should consider
D : has considered
正确答案: B
解析:
when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词为一般过去时,可知空格中动词也为过去时,
故B项正确。
10 、 单选题
We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A : had leaked
B : leaked
C : is leaking
D : has been leaking
正确答案: D
解析:
现在完成进行时表动作已经持续了一段时间并且还在进行,与for some time相对应。
11 、 单选题
If it _____ a nice day, we _____ for a picnic.
A : had been; would have gone
B : was, would go
C : were; would have gone
D : would be; would go
正确答案: A
解析:句意:我们昨天想出去玩,但是天气很糟糕。如果昨天是个好天的话,我们就已经去野
餐了。此句为对过去情况的假设,从句应使用过去完成时,主句为将来完成时。
12 、 单选题
I hope you will forgive me.
A : am to have intended
B : was to intend
C : was to have intended
D : ought to intend
正确答案: C
解析:
句意:我本来打算参加你的生日派对的,但是突然有生意要做,所以我希望你能原谅我。
因为是本来打算做而没有做的事情,所以用was表示过去,was to do something表示过
去将要做什么事情,用have intended这个完成时态是因为这个打算对现在的结果产生影
响,即虽然临时有事没去,但是最开始是打算去的,所以希望对方能理解。
13 、 单选题
If he had visited me in Beijing, I _____ him to see the sights.
A : had taken
B : will take
C : would take
D : would have taken
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:如果他在北京时来找我,我会带他去看风景。根据句意,从句为过去完成时,主
句应为过去将来完成时,即would have taken。
14 、 单选题
In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to
report what they _____.
A : had just been dreaming
B : had just dreamt
C : are just dreaming
D : have just been dreaming
正确答案: D解析:
句意:在这个试验中,他们一晚上被叫醒好几次,并被要求描述出自己刚刚在做的梦。
句子前后时态应一致或相呼应,句子前半部分用的是一般现在时,排除选项A与B。句
中“他们”被要求描述自己醒来前正在做的梦,故排除选项C。
15 、 单选题
The board _____ of the opinion that the news shouldn’t be carried in the newspaper.
A : is
B : will be
C : were
D : are
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:董事会的意思是这条消息不该见报。the board董事会,董事会全体成员,此处指
董事会成员,系动词用复数形式。陈述客观事实用一般现在时。
16 、 单选题
The second report was _____ by August 2005, but one year later it was still nowhere in
sight.
A : submitted
B : to have submitted
C : to submit
D : to have been submitted
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:第二份报告应该在2005年8月之前交上去,但一年之后还是不知道在哪
儿。something is to be done表示某事将要被做或被完成。有by引导的时间状语的句子
要用完成时态。August 2005是过去的时间点,句子要用过去完成时态,故选项D正
确。in sight被看到,在眼前。
17 、 单选题
In this experiment, the students’ studies are stopped several times during the
listening test and asked to report what they _____ during the pause before answering
the questions.
A : had just been thinking about
B : have just been thinking aboutC : are just thinking about
D : had just thought about
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:在这个试验中,学生们在听力测验的过程中被数次打断,并被要求报告在答题前
的短暂停顿中想了什么。has/ have been + 动词的现在分词是动词的现在完成时结构。
现在完成时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在并且还将持续下去的动作或者是表示在
说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。Just表明停顿中的所想是发生在被打断之前刚刚结束的
动作,所以用现在完成进行时。
18 、 单选题
I hope you will give me some extra time.
A : am to have finished
B : was to finish
C : was to have finished
D : ought to finish
正确答案: C
解析:
句意:我本来应该按照预定时间写完论文了的,但是因为我父亲生病而耽搁了。我希望
你能再多给我一点时间。was to表过去将来时;由于结果会对现实造成影响,所以应该
用完成时;综上,选C。
19 、 单选题
For some time now, world leaders _____ out the necessity for agreement on arms
reduction.
A : had been pointing
B : have been pointing
C : were pointing
D : pointed
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:一段时问以来,世界各国首脑都一直指出有必要就裁军问题达成共识。从该句中
的时间状语for sometime now可以看出,主句的动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现
在,而且动作可能还会延续,故时态应为现在完成进行时,因此B选项符合要求。