Unit 1 The Changing World
3a原文
Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years?
Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot! Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have
come back to live and work here.
Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes?
Ms Wu: Yes,we've changed the way we farm.I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local
market.Now,I have large,high-tech greenhouses.There,I grow tons of fruit and vegetables,and sell them in large
cities.
Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot!
Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We can now sell local products to tourists.
We also sell products online to people all over China.
Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives?
Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a library.
Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village.
翻译
记者：过去 20 年里，你们家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？
严先生：变化可大了！以前很多年轻人都去大城市打工，现在越来越多人回来生活、工作了。
记者：太棒了！还有其他变化吗？
吴女士：有，我们的耕作方式变了。我以前在小农场种少量蔬菜，拿到当地集市卖。现在我有大型高科技
温室，在里面种大量水果和蔬菜，卖到大城市去。
记者：哇，新建的公路和铁路肯定帮了大忙！
严先生：没错！我们村成了旅游景点，现在能把土特产卖给游客，还能通过网络把产品卖到全国各地。
记者：这些变化极大地改善了你们的生活吗？
吴女士：是的！我们住上了新房子，村里还新建了医院和图书馆。
记者：太好了！你们正在共同建设社会主义新农村。
11b原文
On the Fast Track
In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened. Before then, the only transport links
between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built
in 1901. The old trains were very slow. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.
However, the new railway, built with China's help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi
to about four hours for passengers. Now, more than two million people use it every year.
Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway. A government worker said, "I'm very happy with the
new railway built by our Chinese friends. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years, and
the people who live here have become rich." A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has
been good. It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and make business
deals with ease." The railway has also made the transport of food easier. "Food used to take hundreds of lorries to
carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains" said a supermarket manager. As a result,
people now have more fresh food to eat.
Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work
together to build a better world.
翻译
驶入快车道
22017年，新建的480公里蒙内铁路正式通车。在此之前，连接肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨和首都内罗毕的
交通方式只有崎岖的公路和1901年修建的老旧铁路。旧火车速度很慢，从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕要10个
小时。
然而，在中国帮助下修建的新铁路，将蒙巴萨与内罗毕之间的客运时间缩短至 4小时。如今每年有超
过200万人乘坐这条铁路。
肯尼亚当地民众从新铁路中获益良多。一位政府工作人员说：“我非常满意中国朋友修建的这条新铁
路。过去几年小镇发生了很多变化，这里的人们富裕起来了。” 一位商人说：“2017 年以来我坐火车的
体验一直很好，方便又便宜，我能准时到达各地，轻松谈成生意。” 这条铁路也让粮食运输更便捷。一
位超市经理说：“过去往返两座城市运输粮食需要几百辆卡车，现在只需要两三列火车。” 因此，人们
现在能吃到更多新鲜食物。
虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现了不同国家如何携手合作，共建更美好的世界。
3a原文
Changes in My Life
Now that I am older, my life is different from when I was in primary school. For example, my primary school was
near my home, so I used to walk to school with my parents. Now my junior high school is farther from home. I take
a bus every day with my friends.
My home has changed too. My family used to live in a small flat, but now we have moved to a much larger one.
My grandma lives with us now as well. She has her own room and her own TV set. I am glad that I get to see her
every day.
The way I study is also different. I have become more confident in my studies and often attend group discussions. I
enjoy studying with my friends. It's amazing how much we have achieved together.
3My life has changed in many ways, but one thing stays the same: the feeling of love and happiness shared by my
family.
翻译
我的生活变化
现在我长大了，生活和小学时不一样了。比如，我小学离家很近，以前常和父母步行上学。现在初中
离家更远，我每天和朋友坐公交车上学。
我的家也变了。我们家以前住小公寓，现在搬到了大得多的房子里。奶奶也和我们一起住，她有自己
的房间和电视机。我很高兴每天都能见到她。
我的学习方式也不一样了。我在学习上更自信了，经常参加小组讨论。我喜欢和朋友们一起学习，我
们一起取得的进步真让人惊喜。
我的生活在很多方面都变了，但有一样始终没变：家人之间的爱与幸福。
4Unit 2 Inspiring People
3a原文
Adam: Hi, everyone. Who is the person you admire the most?
Yaming: My favourite person is I.M. Pei.
Adam: Did he design the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum?
Yaming: Yes. It was very creative of him to design it. The Suzhou Museum is also one of his amazing designs. He
created a beautiful balance between the East and the West.
Adam: Wow, you really know a lot about him!
Yaming: I read books and reports about him. I want to be a creative person like him.
Adam: What about you, Chen Jie? Who inspires you?
Chen Jie: Wang Yaping, of course, China's first woman to walk in space. She is full of courage and wisdom. She
was also the first woman to teach a live class from space. What about you, Adam? Who do you look up to?
Adam: Me? My biggest inspiration is not a famous person. It's my father. It's really very nice of him to support
and encourage my exchange study here.
翻译
亚当：大家好，你们最敬佩的人是谁？
亚明：我最敬佩的人是贝聿铭。
亚当：卢浮宫的玻璃金字塔是他设计的吗？
亚明：是的，他的设计极具创意。苏州博物馆也是他的经典作品之一。他在东西方之间营造了美妙的平衡。
亚当：哇，你对他了解真多！
亚明：我读了关于他的书籍和报道。我想成为像他一样有创造力的人。
亚当：陈洁，你呢？谁激励着你？
陈洁：当然是王亚平，中国首位太空行走的女航天员。她充满勇气与智慧，还是第一位在太空授课的女教
师。亚当，你呢？你敬佩谁？
亚当：我？我最敬佩的不是名人，是我爸爸。他非常支持和鼓励我来这里做交换生，人特别好。
1b原文
5The Inspiring Seed Scientist
On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died
in a car accident. The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. Over the years,
he collected many important seeds for China's seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds,
including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world
forever.
Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied.
He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he studied radio engineering and later
became interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after
he became a professor at Fudan University.
It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that there
was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he began his
travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He sometimes fell
sick, but he always continued with his work.
Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to find
and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40
million seeds from around 1,000 plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the
plants in China.
Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and research lives on in his
students. He once said, "My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have
collected may grow hundreds of years from now."
6翻译
令人敬佩的种子科学家
2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致
力于植物与种子研究。多年来，他为中国的种子库收集了大量重要种子。这些种子库保护各类植物种子，
包括粮食作物种子，确保重要植物不会从地球上永久消失。
钟扬生于1964年，年少时就对所学事物怀有深厚热爱与好奇心。他成绩优异，15岁就考入大学，大
学期间学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生兴趣。成为复旦大学教授后，植物尤其是种子的研究成为他一生
的重心。
种子库需要收录多种多样的种子，这一点至关重要。钟扬发现西藏地区的种子研究不足时，亲自前往
西藏收集种子。2001年，他开始走遍西藏。克服严寒与高海拔的困难对他来说异常艰辛，他有时会生病，
但始终坚持工作。
钟扬明白，重要的工作需要更多人参与。他发起项目，发掘并培养当地学生从事野外研究，成为科研
工作者。他和团队一共收集了约1000种植物的4000多万粒种子，他们的努力为世界提供了大量关于中国
植物的全新资料。
钟扬留下的不只是海量种子收藏，他对工作与研究的热爱在学生身上延续。他曾说：“我的学生将继
续走在科学探索的道路上，我们收集的种子或许在数百年后会生根发芽。”
3a原文
To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 468-376 BCE). It is said that Mozi was a
soldier, good at woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite. But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker.
Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Back then, many kingdoms were fighting against each other. In these
wars, the common people were always hurt. To Mozi, this had to stop, so he spent his life trying to bring peace.
7His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace. It was important to him that everyone should show the
same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also believed states
should avoid attacking one another.
Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on. I think he is still a great inspiration to many
people. Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work
together to build a community of a shared future for mankind.
翻译
对我而言，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子（约公元前468 -前376年）。据说墨子曾是武士，
擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。但事实上，他首先是一位伟大的思想家。
墨子生活在战国时期，当时各国战乱不休，百姓总是深受其害。在墨子看来，这一切必须停止，因此
他毕生致力于追求和平。
兼爱的思想是墨子倡导和平的原因之一。他认为，每个人都应平等地关爱他人，无论对方是家人、朋
友还是陌生人，这一点至关重要。他还主张各国不应互相攻伐。
尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，但他的思想流传至今。我认为他依然激励着许多人。如今，全世界人民
比以往任何时候都更需要聆听和平与兼爱的理念，携手共建人类命运共同体。
8Unit 3 Smart Learning
3a原文
Ella: Hi, this is Ella's podcast. Today's guest is Binbin. He's going to give us some ideas for learning English.
Binbin: Hi, Ella. Thanks for having me! For learning English, I think first you need to become an active learner.
Ella: What do you mean by that?
Binbin: Well, because I want to speak English well, I practise English all the time.
Ella: Oh, you must spend a lot of time studying!
Binbin: Well, it doesn't mean you have to study all the time.You need to spend time using the language.For
example,I speak English with friends. I repeat the dialogues from the films I like. I read English books, and
sometimes I write my diary in English.
Ella: Wow! I guess you really enjoy learning.
Binbin: Yes, it's true! But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. I mean you just have to take
things step by step. Start simple and build up.
Ella: That's so true.
翻译
埃拉：大家好，这里是埃拉的播客。今天的嘉宾是彬彬，他将为我们分享学习英语的方法。
彬彬：埃拉你好，谢谢邀请！我认为学英语首先要做主动学习者。
埃拉：你是什么意思？
彬彬：因为我想说好英语，所以我一直练习英语。
埃拉：哦，你肯定花了很多时间学习！
彬彬：这并不意味着要一直埋头学，而是要花时间运用这门语言。比如，我和朋友用英语交流，模仿喜欢
的电影里的对话，读英语书，有时还用英语写日记。
埃拉：哇！我猜你真的很享受学习。
彬彬：没错！但你知道，我也是从零开始，也遇到过困难。我的意思是，要一步一步来，从简单的开始，
循序渐进。
埃拉：太对了。
91b原文
How to Become a Successful Learner
Everyone has the ability to learn. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a
successful learner. However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.
Studies show that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset. This means, in part,
believing in yourself. It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges. People with a growth
mindset see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve.
Research also shows that practice is important for learning. The more we practise, the better we learn. We learn
best by practising new and difficult things. Sometimes it is also important to get guidance from a teacher or a
coach. They can show us the right way to practise and give us important feedback and advice.
In addition, studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about
study. First, by being together, students can easily learn from each other. Second, students are challenged to do
better by each other. This has been proven to encourage learner growth.
Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find. In the 21st century, this means using new
technology and resources, not just textbooks. Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is
important to think carefully and choose wisely what and how you study. Take advantage of the best tools and
resources to learn wisely and efficiently.
Finally, successful learners see learning as part of daily life. It is something they will do even after they leave
school, even when they are old. As you continue on your learning journey, you should try to walk at your own
speed and enjoy the trip. Never lose heart. The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and
valleys, but it also has great treasure. You will find more joy in living a life with learning!
10翻译
如何成为成功的学习者
每个人都有学习的能力。学习科学专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为成功的学习者。然而很多学生没有
意识到这一点，在学习中遇到困难。
研究表明，成为成功学习者的首要关键是拥有成长型心态。这在一定程度上意味着相信自己，也意味
着设定目标、付诸行动、迎接挑战。拥有成长型心态的人把错误当作学习的机会，因为错误能教会我们如
何进步。
研究还表明，练习对学习很重要。练习得越多，学得越好。练习新的、有难度的内容效果最佳。有时
接受老师或教练的指导也很重要，他们能教给我们正确的练习方法，给出重要的反馈和建议。
此外，研究显示，和认真学习的同学在一起，学生能学到更多。首先，在一起时同学们很容易互相学
习；其次，同学们会互相激励，追求更好。这已被证实能促进学习者成长。
成功的学习者还会善用能找到的最佳学习资料。在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和新资源，而不只是
课本。网上的学习资料繁多，因此要认真思考，明智选择学习内容和方式。利用最好的工具和资源，智慧
高效地学习。
最后，成功的学习者把学习当作日常生活的一部分，即使毕业、变老也会坚持学习。在学习的旅程中，
你应该按照自己的节奏前行，享受过程。不要灰心，前方的路或许漫长，布满坎坷，但也藏着巨大的宝藏。
在充满学习的生活中，你会收获更多快乐！
3a原文
My love of books comes from my mother. Books are her classroom and teacher, and through books she has become
the wise and smart person I know.
11Because of my mother's love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects. When I was a child, my
mother sat me on her knee, told me stories, and taught me how to read. Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found
children's books no longer kept me interested. So I started reading my books and magazines-especially popular
science books and books about the lives of famous people. After dinner, I would just pick out a book from the shelf
to read in my room. Reading opened up new worlds and allowed me to discover new things for myself. I think that
reading is great fun.
Now that I am older, I can always find time to read in the school library. I believe that reading has helped me a lot
with my schoolwork and made me more confident about my future.
Chen Lei, age 15
翻译
我对书籍的热爱源于妈妈。书是她的课堂和老师，通过读书，她成为了我所认识的聪慧睿智的人。
因为妈妈热爱阅读，我们家摆满了各类书籍。小时候，妈妈让我坐在她膝上，给我讲故事，教我认字
读书。很快我就能自己阅读了，儿童读物已经无法吸引我。于是我开始读大人的书和杂志，尤其是科普书
和名人传记。晚饭后，我总会从书架上选一本书，在房间里阅读。阅读为我打开了新世界的大门，让我亲
自探索新事物。我觉得阅读充满乐趣。
现在我长大了，总能在学校图书馆挤出时间阅读。我相信阅读对我的学业帮助很大，也让我对未来更
有信心。
15岁 陈雷
Unit 4 Our Memory
3a原文
Chen Jie: Why do you look worried, Rick?
Rick: Yesterday I visited my grandma, but she kept calling me Johnny.
Chen Jie: Who's Johnny?
Rick: My dad!
12Chen Jie: Oh, dear!
Rick: And then she told me not to eat the cookies because she was saving them for her grandson.
Chen Jie: Who's that?
Rick: Me!
Chen Jie: Well, that's not a good sign.
Rick: No. My parents are taking her to hospital tomorrow.
Chen Jie: Good. Follow what the doctor says. She may need special care.
Rick: Yeah. I just feel so sad. I don't understand what she's going through.
Chen Jie: Well, you know how some people's memory gets worse as they get older. It happened to my grandpa
too.
Rick: Oh, no. What happened?
Chen Jie: We used to fly kites in the park. But now he forgets how to reach the park. So, I walk him there every
weekend.
Rick: That's sweet!
Chen Jie: Thanks. Instead of what he forgets, I keep in mind what he remembers. In your case, your grandma still
remembers that you love cookies!
Rick: You're right! Thanks, Chen Jie!
翻译
陈洁：里克，你怎么看起来忧心忡忡？
里克：昨天我去看奶奶，她一直叫我约翰尼。
陈洁：约翰尼是谁？
里克：我爸爸！
陈洁：天哪！
里克：然后她还不让我吃饼干，说要留给她的孙子。
陈洁：她的孙子是谁？里克：就是我啊！陈洁：这可不是好迹象。
里克：是啊，我爸妈明天带她去医院。
陈洁：那就好，听医生的话，她可能需要特殊照料。
13里克：嗯，我就是很难过，不明白她经历着什么。
陈洁：你知道的，有些人年纪大了记忆力会变差。我爷爷也这样。
里克：不会吧，发生什么了？
陈洁：我们以前常去公园放风筝，可现在他忘了去公园的路。所以我每个周末都陪他走过去。
里克：你真好！
陈洁：谢谢。我不去想他忘记了什么，而是记住他还记得的事。你奶奶还记得你爱吃饼干呢！
里克：你说得对！谢谢你，陈洁！
1b原文
How to Boost Your Memory
Would you like to improve your memory?To start with,it is important to understand how memory works.
There are two main kinds of memory:short-term memory and long-term memory.Short-term memory helps you
remember things that you may only need for a short time,like phone numbers when you need to make a phone
call.Long-term memory is the ability to remember things for days,years,or even a lifetime.So the real question
is:How do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory?By using some clever memory techniques
and leading a healthy life,you will see some great results.Let's take a look.
First, pay attention. However, you might fail to remember all the details. So, try taking notes and writing down key
points. After all, it is easier to remember a summary than every word in a passage.
Second, use it or lose it. The more you review what you learn, the more likely you will remember it. However, you
should not wear out your brain. Try studying for 40 minutes, and then take a break. You can also review
information by discussing it with others or by teaching others.
14A third way is to make use of senses. Create images by using tables, graphs, and mind maps to organize
information. You can also create a story with information and view it in your mind like a film. In addition, make
use of your other senses. For example, listening to recorded information can be very effective.
Last but not least, boost your memory by staying healthy.
·Sleep well. While you sleep, your brain organizes your memories. Bad sleep makes it harder for new information
to enter your long-term memory.
·Eat well. Your brain needs food like an engine needs fuel. Healthy food and drink will help your brain work much
better.
·Exercise. A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind.
Many more memory techniques can be found in books or online. Try some different methods to see which ones
work best for you. You are sure to improve your memory!
翻译
如何提升记忆力
你想提高记忆力吗？首先，了解记忆的运作原理很重要。
记忆主要分为两种：短时记忆和长时记忆。短时记忆帮你记住短期内需要的信息，比如打电话时的号
码。长时记忆是能记住几天、几年甚至一辈子的能力。所以真正的问题是：如何让所学内容进入长时记忆？
运用巧妙的记忆方法，保持健康生活，就能收获显著效果。一起来看看。
第一，集中注意力。但你可能记不住所有细节，所以试着记笔记，写下要点。毕竟，记住概要比逐字
背诵文章更容易。
第二，用则进，废则退。复习得越多，记得越牢。但不要过度用脑，学习40分钟就休息一下。你也可
以和他人讨论、给他人讲解来复习知识。
第三，善用感官。用表格、图表、思维导图整理信息，构建画面。也可以把信息编成故事，像电影一
样在脑海中回放。此外，利用其他感官，比如听录音就很有效。
15最后同样重要的是，保持健康以提升记忆力。
·睡好觉。睡眠时大脑会整理记忆，睡眠不好会让新信息更难进入长时记忆。
·吃好饭。大脑需要营养，就像引擎需要燃料。健康的饮食能让大脑运转得更好。
·多运动。健康活力的身体能同时提升记忆力和思维能力。
书籍和网络上还有更多记忆技巧。尝试不同方法，找到最适合自己的，你的记忆力一定会提高！
3a原文
Friday,20 November
In the past,I always felt stressed when I had to give a speech. I used to spend lots of time trying to memorize my
speech, but I still forgot some parts. Last week, I decided to find out what the right way is to memorize a speech.I
looked online and asked friends, and I found many useful methods.
I learnt how to create a speech outline. Instead of trying to remember every word of my speech, I remembered the
key words first. Then I formed images of these key words in my mind, and linked them in order.
Another method is to divide the speech into short sections. I practised the first section until I could fully recall it.
Then I moved on to the next. This helped me to find out which parts of the speech I needed to work on the most.
Finally,a friend told me that I should have confidence in myself.Nobody knows my speech except me. If I do forget
some words,I shouldn't panic. Just remember the key words and continue!
I followed all these great methods and my speech today was a great success!
翻译
11月20日星期五
以前，我一要演讲就紧张。我总花大量时间背演讲稿，却还是会忘词。上周，我决定找到背演讲稿的
正确方法。我上网查资料、请教朋友，找到了很多实用技巧。
16我学会了列演讲提纲。不再逐字背诵，而是先记关键词，再在脑海中把关键词变成画面，按顺序串联
起来。
另一个方法是把演讲稿分成小段。先练第一段，直到完全记住，再练下一段。这能帮我找到最需要下
功夫的部分。
最后，朋友告诉我要自信。除了我没人更熟悉我的演讲稿。就算忘词也别慌，记住关键词继续讲就好！
我用了这些好方法，今天的演讲非常成功！
17Unit 5 Power of Ideas
3a原文
Fu Xing: What do you think is the most useful invention of all time, Peter?
Peter: It has to be the radio.
Fu Xing: The radio? Why?
Peter: Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. The world was made much smaller by the
radio. Suddenly, news could be spread around the world in seconds.
Fu Xing: Right. Who was the inventor?
Peter: An Italian inventor called Guglielmo Marconi. He developed the idea in the 1890s. In 1901, a radio
message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
Fu Xing: Wow! That was quite a distance at that time.
Peter: Yeah. And because of the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well.
Fu Xing: Like the television?
Peter: That's right. It also had a big effect on music. The radio made it much easier for people to enjoy music from
artists around the world.
翻译
付星：彼得，你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么？
彼得：肯定是收音机。
付星：收音机？为什么？
彼得：收音机发明前，信息传播速度极慢。收音机让世界变小了，新闻能在几秒内传遍全球。
付星：没错。发明者是谁？
彼得：意大利发明家伽利尔摩·马可尼。他在19世纪90年代提出这个构想，1901年，无线电信号首次横跨
大西洋传播。
付星：哇！在当时那可是很远的距离。
彼得：是啊。因为收音机，其他一些重要发明也相继出现。
付星：比如电视？
18彼得：没错。收音机还对音乐产生了巨大影响，让人们更容易欣赏到世界各地艺术家的音乐。
1b原文
An Invention That Changed the World
Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention-
papermaking.It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our
modern world.
In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on, such as animal bones, bronze wares, stones,
wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was also a very early form of paper made from
jute--a fibre that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store or very
expensive.
As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested
in trying to solve the problem. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were
ideal. In his times, some kinds of bark- the outside part of trees-were used to make clothes. From past experiences,
Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to
write on.
In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment,all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.Then,this material was
beaten, cut up,and mixed with water again.Next,the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the
fibre.Finally,this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.To everyone's surprise,this paper was soft,light,easy to
make and use,and most importantly,cheap.In 105CE,Cai Lun showed his creation to the emperor.The emperor was
very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work.
19Later on, the papermaking technique did not only speed up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed
civilizations around the world. It first spread to China's neighbouring countries and finally reached Europe through
Arabic countries in the 12th century. When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a
rapid increase in the number of books. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today.
翻译
改变世界的发明
你能想象没有书籍、报纸、杂志的世界吗？这些都依赖一项发明——造纸术。相比其他发明，正是造
纸术推动了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。
中国古代，人们用多种材料书写，比如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木材、竹子，甚至丝绸。西汉时期出现
了用黄麻（一种植物纤维）制作的早期纸张。但这些材料要么难以使用和保存，要么价格昂贵。
东汉时期，蔡伦担任皇宫尚方令，开始尝试解决这个问题。他尝试了多种制作书写材料的方法，都不
理想。当时，人们用某些树皮制作衣服。从经验中，蔡伦想到用树皮、特定植物和旧布料制作适合书写的
特殊材料。
蔡伦的实验第一步是把所有原料混合水煮，然后捣烂、切碎，再次加水搅拌。接着把浆液倒在竹帘上，
只留下纤维。最后把纤维晾干、压平，就成了纸。令人惊喜的是，这种纸柔软轻便、易制易用，最重要的
是价格低廉。公元105年，蔡伦将这项发明献给皇帝，皇帝十分满意，称赞他的伟大功绩。
后来，造纸术不仅加速了中国文化的发展，也改变了世界文明。它先传入中国周边国家，12世纪经阿
拉伯国家传到欧洲。几个世纪后，纸张与印刷术结合，书籍数量激增，带来了知识的新生，造就了我们今
天的世界。
3a原文
The invention of the plane has greatly changed the world. However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and
Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. Rather, they just wanted to fly like birds.
20To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight, the Wright brothers began working with gliders. There were two
main challenges. The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was
flying. For both problems, they found their solution by looking at how birds flew. After they solved these problems,
they added an engine to the glider. Then, in December 1903, the world's first plane flights were made.
The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. Journeys that once took
days, weeks, or even months, can now be made in only a few hours. As a result, communication among people in
different countries is now much easier, and the world feels smaller.
翻译
飞机的发明极大地改变了世界。然而，发明者莱特兄弟（奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特）起初根本没想
改变世界，他们只是想像鸟儿一样飞翔。
为了解决重于空气的飞行器飞行难题，莱特兄弟开始研究滑翔机。他们面临两大挑战：一是如何让滑
翔机升空，二是升空后如何操控。他们通过观察鸟类飞行找到了这两个问题的答案。解决问题后，他们给
滑翔机加装了发动机。1903年12月，人类历史上首次飞机飞行成功。
飞机的发明让环球旅行变得更便捷、更快速。曾经需要几天、几周甚至几个月的旅程，现在只需几小
时。因此，不同国家人们的交流变得更容易，世界也感觉变小了。
21Unit 6 Beyond Earth
3a原文
Host: Our question today is: Why do we explore space? Let's talk to space scientist Dr Yang. Welcome, Dr Yang!
Dr Yang: Thank you very much. Well, there are three good reasons to explore space. First, to improve our
knowledge of Earth and its place in the universe.
Host: Could you explain that a bit more?
Dr Yang: Sure. The study of other planets helps us better understand Earth's geology, history, and relationship
with other planets.
Host: Oh, right.
Dr Yang: Second, technology developed for space can benefit us here on Earth.
Host: Could you give our listeners an example?
Dr Yang: Of course. Some satellites, for example, help us deal with problems caused by climate change.
Host: Yes, that's very useful. And the third reason?
Dr Yang: Well, at some point in the far future, we may find new resources in outer space. It might sound crazy,
but our Earth may run out of resources. In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed.
Host: Wow, interesting! Maybe Mars will be made into our new home in the future.
翻译
主持人：今天的问题是：我们为什么要探索太空？我们有请太空科学家杨博士。杨博士，欢迎您！
杨博士：非常感谢。探索太空有三个重要原因。第一，加深我们对地球及其在宇宙中位置的认知。
主持人：能再解释一下吗？
杨博士：当然。研究其他行星能帮我们更好地了解地球的地质、历史以及与其他行星的关系。
主持人：哦，对。
杨博士：第二，太空研发的技术能造福地球。
主持人：能给听众举个例子吗？
杨博士：当然。比如一些卫星能帮助我们应对气候变化带来的问题。
主持人：是的，非常实用。第三个原因呢？
22杨博士：在遥远的未来，我们可能在太空发现新资源。这听起来或许不可思议，但地球资源可能会枯竭。
到那时，人类就需要新的家园。
主持人：哇，有意思！或许未来火星会成为我们的新家园。
1b原文
To the Stars and Beyond
Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. Many
ancient cultures believed that these points of light were from gods or other mysterious worlds. However, as
technology and science developed, we learnt the truth about stars. They are real places like our own sun, and they
are further away than anyone imagined. This raises the question: Can we visit the stars one day?
The man-made object which has travelled furthest from Earth is Voyager 1. This spacecraft was launched in 1977.
In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. It
shows who we are and where we are from. Now, Voyager 1 is an amazing 23.5 billion kilometres from Earth, but
that is still a long way from Earth's nearest star, Proxima Centauri. That star is 4.2 light years away-about 40 trillion
kilometres!
The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans. The furthest that any human has
gone in space is only about 400,000 kilometres, around the other side of the moon. Time is a big problem. At
present, even a journey to the planet Mars will take around six to nine months. What will the astronauts eat and
drink during this period? And how about their health and safety? These problems grow when we talk about visiting
another star. It might take hundreds of thousands of years to get there!
Scientists, however, believe that visiting the stars is not a completely wild dream. One idea is to have the astronauts
sleep during their journey like some animals do in winter. Another is to develop much faster spacecraft. While this
is not possible right now, with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope that the necessary
23technology will be developed. Humans have set foot on the moon, successfully landed rovers on Mars, and even
photographed other galaxies. In time, it seems likely that one day we may reach the stars as people once dreamt.
翻译
奔赴星辰，永不止步
从人类诞生之初，人们就仰望星空，好奇星辰的模样。许多古代文明认为这些光点来自神明或神秘世
界。然而，随着科技发展，我们了解了星辰的真相：它们是和太阳一样的真实天体，距离远超出人们的想
象。这引发了一个问题：我们有朝一日能造访星辰吗？
飞得离地球最远的人造物体是 “旅行者 1 号” 探测器，1977年发射。为了万一被外星生命发现，
它携带了一张载有地球声音与画面的特殊唱片，诉说着人类的身份与起源。如今，“旅行者1号” 已距地
球235亿公里，但离地球最近的恒星——比邻星仍很遥远。这颗恒星距离地球4.2光年，约40万亿公里！
载人星际飞行的挑战更大。人类在太空中到达的最远距离仅约40万公里，也就是月球背面。时间是大
问题：目前飞往火星就需要6到9个月，宇航员在此期间的饮食、健康与安全如何保障？这些问题在星际
旅行中会更加严峻，可能需要数十万年才能抵达！
但科学家相信，造访星辰并非完全不切实际的梦想。一个构想是让宇航员像动物冬眠一样在旅途中沉
睡；另一个是研发速度更快的航天器。虽然目前无法实现，但各国与科学家通力合作，有望研发出所需技
术。人类已登上月球，火星车成功登陆火星，甚至拍摄到其他星系的照片。总有一天，我们或许能像古人
梦想的那样，抵达星辰。
3a原文
My Space Dream
My space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits.
First,it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together.New technologies can be
developed,tested,and operated there.These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other
planets.
24Second, more resources will be found. I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resources that can
be useful to Earth. It just takes time for scientists to find it.
Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of the first visitors. I
hope one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe.
Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. I hope the space station on the moon will be built
in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime.
翻译
我的太空梦
我的太空梦是有朝一日在月球上建造空间站。我相信这会带来诸多益处。
首先，它会成为科学家合作开展太空研究的绝佳场所。新技术可以在那里研发、测试和使用，进而帮
助人类在火星和其他行星上建造空间站。
其次，能发现更多资源。我认为月球上可能存在对地球有用的特殊能源，科学家只是需要时间去寻找。
第三，人们可以在那里生活和工作，游客也能前往参观。我想成为首批游客之一。我希望有一天人类
能去太空度假，探索宇宙。
人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事。我希望月球空间站能在不久的将来建成，在我有生之年得以
实现。
25Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm
3a原文
Clarice: That was a great concert! Which performance did you like the best, Jack?
Jack: I thought Horse Racing was especially good. It really gave me the feeling of a horse race.
Debbie: I love music which is energetic! Their use of the keyboard and erhu made me imagine horses running
down a track.
Clarice: Yes,but for me,I really like music which is full of joy and celebration, such as Dance of the Golden
Snake.
Teng Fei: The use of the erhu, pipa, and drums was exciting, but I prefer music that touches me-that's why I liked
Butterfly Lovers more. The music tells a sad and romantic story.
Jack: Yeah, and it's interesting that the performers used both Chinese and Western instruments. I have never heard
the erhu played together with the violin.
Teng Fei: I also liked Voices of Spring. I never realized you could dance to it!
翻译
克拉丽斯：这场音乐会太棒了！杰克，你最喜欢哪个节目？
杰克：我觉得《赛马》特别好，让我仿佛置身赛马现场。
黛比：我喜欢充满活力的音乐！他们用电子琴和二胡演奏，让我想象到骏马在赛道上奔腾。
克拉丽斯：没错，但我更喜欢充满欢乐喜庆的音乐，比如《金蛇狂舞》。
滕飞：二胡、琵琶和鼓的演奏很震撼，但我更偏爱打动人心的音乐，所以我更喜欢《梁祝》。这首乐曲讲
述了一个凄美浪漫的故事。
杰克：是啊，有意思的是演奏者同时使用了中西乐器。我从没听过二胡和小提琴合奏。
滕飞：我还喜欢《春之声》，我从来没想过可以跟着它跳舞！
1b原文
26Chopin: A Great Inspiration
When the great composer Robert Schumann first heard a work which was written by young Chopin, he said, "Hats
off, gentlemen! A genius!"
Frederic Chopin (1810-1849) was one of the greatest musicians in history. During his short lifetime, he was
celebrated as one of the world's greatest pianists--even though he only gave around 30 concerts! He was also a
gifted composer who left behind more than 200 musical works.
Chopin was born in a village in Poland. He didn't attend music school until he was 16, but soon outdid his teachers.
His parents sent him to Vienna in 1829 to widen his musical experience. By 1832, he had made his way to Paris,
the city that he would call home for the rest of his life.
Chopin was not only a great pianist, but also a respected piano teacher. He often told his students, "Put all your soul
into it! Play the way you feel!" This is advice that is still followed by musicians today.
Polish folk music was a kind of music that some people looked down on at the time--it was seen as too simple and
common. But it became an important characteristic in Chopin's music. His use of Polish folk music caused people
to see it as a valuable art form.
His music also helped build a nation which was divided up by other countries. By using Polish folk music, Chopin
seemed to be saying to the world, "We are our own country with our own culture! We are our own people!"
Chopin's music encouraged his people and helped them keep going through years of difficulty. Today, the Polish
people proudly think of Poland as the country of Chopin.
27When Chopin died from ill health at 39, thousands of people travelled from faraway countries to attend his funeral.
Today, people around the world still listen to his moving and often sad music.It is studied in music schools, played
by pianists, heard in films and on TV, and loved by listeners young and old.
翻译
肖邦：伟大的灵感源泉
伟大作曲家罗伯特·舒曼第一次听到年轻肖邦的作品时说：“先生们，脱帽致敬！一位天才！”
弗雷德里克·肖邦（1810-1849）是历史上最伟大的音乐家之一。他短暂的一生中，虽仅举办约 30场音
乐会，却被誉为世界顶级钢琴家。他还是天赋异禀的作曲家，留下了200多部音乐作品。
肖邦出生于波兰的一个村庄，16岁才进入音乐学校，却很快超越了老师。1829年，父母送他去维也纳
拓宽音乐视野。1832年，他定居巴黎，这座城市成为他余生的家园。
肖邦不仅是杰出的钢琴家，还是备受尊敬的钢琴老师。他常对学生说：“全身心投入！按照你的感受
去演奏！” 这条建议至今仍被音乐家们遵循。
波兰民间音乐在当时被一些人轻视，认为太过简单通俗，却成为肖邦音乐的重要特色。他对波兰民间
音乐的运用，让人们认识到这是珍贵的艺术形式。
他的音乐还助力当时被瓜分的波兰凝聚民族精神。通过运用波兰民间音乐，肖邦仿佛在向世界宣告：
“我们有自己的文化，是独立的民族！” 肖邦的音乐鼓舞着同胞，支撑他们度过漫长苦难。如今，波兰
人民自豪地将波兰称为 “肖邦之国”。
肖邦39岁因病离世时，数千人从异国他乡赶来参加他的葬礼。如今，世界各地的人们仍在聆听他动人
且略带忧伤的音乐。音乐院校教授他的作品，钢琴家演奏他的乐曲，影视节目中回荡着他的旋律，男女老
少都深爱他的音乐。
3a原文
My Music Story
The present that changed my life was the guitar my father bought me for my eighth birthday. I spent the next
several months learning to play the guitar. I often sat next to my father while he showed me how to play a song.
28Then I went to my room and practised until my fingers hurt. I had a lot of trouble at first. But gradually, I became
good at playing the guitar.
Some of my schoolmates invited me to join their band. At first, I was too shy to play in front of people. Then I
realized that I enjoyed music more when I shared it with others. We had great fun playing music and I made good
friends with those in the band. Nowadays, our band is getting more and more popular. We often take part in
performances both inside and outside our school.
Although I have become busier this year, I still love playing the guitar and manage to find time for it. Music makes
me happy when I am feeling sad, and relaxes me when I am stressed. It will always be part of my life.
Jack, age 15
翻译
我的音乐故事
改变我人生的礼物是爸爸在我八岁生日时送的吉他。接下来的几个月，我一直学弹吉他。我常坐在爸
爸身边，看他教我弹曲子，然后回房间练习到手指酸痛。起初我遇到很多困难，但渐渐的，我弹吉他越来
越熟练。
一些同学邀请我加入他们的乐队。一开始，我害羞得不敢在人前演奏。后来我发现，和别人分享音乐
时，我更享受音乐。我们一起演奏特别开心，我和乐队成员成了好朋友。如今，我们的乐队越来越受欢迎，
经常参加校内外的演出。
虽然今年我更忙了，但我依然热爱弹吉他，总能挤出时间练习。音乐在我难过时让我开心，在压力大
时让我放松。它将永远是我生命的一部分。
15岁 杰克
29Unit 8 More than a Game
3a原文
Ella: The Winter Olympics start next month. What event would you like to watch?
Teng Fei: Ski jumping is at the top of my list.
Ella: Same here!
Teng Fei: Really? I just love seeing the athletes fly through the air!
Ella: I agree. It's not easy to do what they do.
Teng Fei: My parents and I also enjoy watching figure skating. I'm always amazed by their strength and
technique.
Ella: Like you, my family watch sports together, especially speed skating. It's truly amazing. What about the
summer games? Do you have a favourite event?
Teng Fei: Oh yes! I especially like the men's swimming.
Ella: You must be a good swimmer.
Teng Fei: Not really,but I love watching it anyway.For me,the swimming events are so exciting because
swimmers often win by just 0.01 seconds.My family also watch team sports together,like women's volleyball.That's
my mum's favourite.
Ella: Cool! Oh, don't forget to watch the opening ceremony.
Teng Fei: Yeah. That's always exciting!
翻译
埃拉：下个月冬奥会就开始了，你想看什么项目？
滕飞：我最想看跳台滑雪。
埃拉：我也是！
滕飞：真的吗？我就喜欢看运动员在空中飞跃的样子！
埃拉：没错，他们太不容易了。
滕飞：我和爸妈还喜欢看花样滑冰，他们的力量和技巧总让我惊叹。
埃拉：我和家人也一起看体育比赛，尤其是速度滑冰，太精彩了。那夏季奥运会呢？你有喜欢的项目吗？
30滕飞：当然！我特别喜欢男子游泳。
埃拉：你肯定很会游泳吧。
滕飞：其实不会，但我就是喜欢看。对我来说，游泳比赛特别刺激，选手们常常只差 0.01 秒决出胜负。
我和家人还一起看团体项目，比如女排，那是我妈妈的最爱。
埃拉：太棒了！哦，别忘了看开幕式。
滕飞：是啊，开幕式总是很精彩！
1b原文
Good morning, everyone!
Today, I'd like to talk about my favourite sports event. Actually, when I used the word "event", it means two
events: the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics. They were held in Beijing-the first city ever to
host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics.
The most recent was the 2022 Winter Olympics. A total of nearly 2,900 athletes attended and competed in 109
events in seven Olympic winter sports. There were many exciting moments. Nearly the whole world watched the
fantastic figure skating and ski jumping competitions. I watched the freestyle skiing, and like everyone else, I fell in
love with those brave and talented athletes. I also became a huge fan of the mascot, Bing Dwen Dwen.
And we shall not forget the amazing achievements in the 2008 Summer Olympics. I watched in wonder as Usain
Bolt smiled his way across the finish line in the 100 metres, setting a new world record. Then I watched the drama
of the shooting event. Du Li won her second Olympic gold medal, after the first one in 2004. Both were dramatic
come-from-behind victories.
Hosting two Olympics brought challenges but also opportunities to Beijing. Both Games showed China's success in
its reform and opening-up on the world stage. China's great achievements have gained worldwide attention. In both
31events, many volunteers and citizens helped out. They worked with pride to ensure that people from around the
world had a pleasant stay.
Events like the Olympic Games build bridges between countries and form friendships between people. The purpose
of the Olympics is to build relationships between people, to celebrate the Olympic spirit, and to bring people
together for peace and harmony. This is shown in both the motto of the 2008 Olympics, "One World, One Dream",
and the motto of the 2022 Olympics, "Together for a Shared Future". These mottos touch my heart quite deeply, as
I'm sure they touch yours.
Thank you for listening!
翻译
大家早上好！
今天我想谈谈我最喜欢的体育赛事。其实我所说的 “赛事” 指两项：2008年夏季奥运会和2022年
冬季奥运会。北京是全球首个既举办过夏奥又举办过冬奥的城市。
最近的是2022年冬奥会，近2900名运动员参与了7个大项109个小项的角逐，留下无数精彩瞬间。
全世界几乎都观看了精彩的花样滑冰和跳台滑雪比赛。我看了自由式滑雪，和所有人一样，爱上了那些勇
敢又有天赋的运动员，我也成了吉祥物冰墩墩的超级粉丝。
我们也不能忘记2008年夏奥会的辉煌成就。我惊叹地看着尤塞恩·博尔特微笑着冲过100米终点线，
刷新世界纪录；还见证了射击比赛的戏剧性时刻——杜丽在2004年夺冠后，再次拿下奥运金牌，两场都是
精彩的逆转胜利。
举办两届奥运会给北京带来了挑战，也带来了机遇。两届奥运都在世界舞台上展现了中国改革开放的
成功，中国的伟大成就举世瞩目。两届赛事中，无数志愿者和市民倾力相助，满怀自豪地确保各国友人拥
有愉快的体验。
32奥运会这样的赛事搭建起国家间的桥梁，缔结人民间的友谊。奥运会的宗旨是增进人与人的联系，弘
扬奥运精神，凝聚人心，共创和平与和谐。2008年奥运口号 “同一个世界，同一个梦想” 和 2022年奥
运口号 “一起向未来” 都诠释了这一理念。这些口号深深打动了我，相信也打动了你们。
谢谢大家的聆听！
3a原文
An Olympic Swimmer Who Nearly Drowned
You may have never heard of my favourite athlete,Eric Moussambani,the first Olympic swimmer from Equatorial
Guinea.
Eric swam in the 100-metre freestyle at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. However, he had just begun swimming only
six months before the games! The only swimming pool for him was a hotel pool about 13 metres long, and even
then he could only use it for an hour every morning. In fact, the first time he ever saw an Olympic-sized 50-metre
swimming pool was at the Olympics.
During his race, he swam well for the first 50 metres, but the last 15 metres of the race were especially difficult for
him. In fact, it looked like he was going to drown! But he tried hard to finish the race and won loud cheers from the
crowd.
Though Eric Moussambani is not an Olympic medal winner, he is still my favourite athlete. He never gave up no
matter how hard it was. With hard work and practice, Eric later became quite fast at the 100 metres. His time for
the 100-metre event improved from 1 minute 52 seconds, his Olympic record, to under 57 seconds! He later
became the coach of the national swimming team for Equatorial Guinea, and he is a true example of the Olympic
spirit.
翻译
差点溺水的奥运游泳选手
33你可能没听说过我最敬佩的运动员——埃里克·穆桑巴尼，他是赤道几内亚首位奥运游泳选手。
埃里克参加了2000年悉尼奥运会100米自由泳比赛。然而，他在奥运会前6个月才开始学游泳！他唯
一能用的泳池是酒店里约13米长的小泳池，还只能每天早上用一小时。事实上，他第一次见到奥运标准的
50米泳池，就是在奥运会赛场。
比赛中，他前50米游得不错，但最后15米异常艰难，看起来几乎要溺水了！但他拼尽全力完成比赛
赢得了观众的热烈欢呼。
虽然埃里克·穆桑巴尼没有获得奥运奖牌，但他依然是我最敬佩的运动员。无论多么艰难，他从未放弃。
通过努力训练，埃里克后来100米游得非常快，成绩从奥运会时的1分52秒提升到57秒以内！他后来成
为赤道几内亚国家游泳队教练，是真正的奥林匹克精神典范。
34
