文档文本内容
第 01 讲 Unit1 The Changing World
Section A What changes have taken place around
Part 1：单词加油站
单词 音标 汉语意思 单词 音标 汉语意思
bring about /brɪŋ əˈbaʊt/ greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/
rough /rʌf/ highway /ˈhaɪweɪ/
be covered with railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/
sandstorm /ˈsændstɔːm/ attraction /əˈtrækʃn/
farmland /ˈfɑːmlænd/ product /ˈprɒdʌkt/
shortage /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ greatly /ˈɡreɪtli/
lack /læk/ socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/
bush /bʊʃ/ e-payment /ˈiː ˈpeɪmənt/
root /ruːt/ housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/
soil /sɔɪl/ digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/
sandy /ˈsændi/ audio /ˈɔːdiəʊ/
government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/ dirt /dɜːt/
support /səˈpɔːt/ track /træk/
corn /kɔːn/ wide /waɪd/
high-tech /ˌhaɪ ˈtek/ link /lɪŋk/
Part 2：课文知识讲
解
1. bring about---p1
•【含义】_________
•【拓展】近义词组：lead to、result in；反义词组：prevent、avoid；
•【同根词】bring（v. _________）→ _________（v. -ing 形式）、_________（v. 过去式 / 过去分
词）、
•【例句】The new policy has brought about great changes in rural areas.（这项新政策给农村带来了巨大
变化。）
2. rough
•【含义】_________
•【搭配】rough + 名词（roads/terrain/surface 等，表 “不平坦的、粗糙的”）
•【拓展】副词形式：roughly（_________）；比较级：rougher；最高级：roughest；
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页 共 页•【例句】We had to drive slowly on the rough roads in the mountain village.（我们在山村崎岖的路上不得
不开得很慢。）
3. used to
•【含义】_________；曾经（表示过去的习惯性动作或状态，现在已改变）
•【搭配】used to + 动词原形；否定式：didn’t use to /used not to；疑问式：Did...use to...? / Used...to...?
•【拓展】易混淆短语：be used to doing（_________）；be used to do（_________）；
•【同根词】use（v. 使用；利用 /n. 用途）→ _________（adj. 有用的）、_________（adj. 无用
的）、
usage（n. 用法；使用）、_________（n. 用户；使用者）
•【例句】People here used to walk to town, but now they can take buses.
4. be covered with
•【含义】_________
•【搭配】主语 + be covered with + 覆盖物（snow/leaves/sand 等）
•【拓展】近义词组：be covered by（侧重 “_________”，可用于被动语态）
•【同根词】cover（v. _________ /n. 封面；盖子）→ coverage（n. _________）
•【例句】After the sandstorm, the farmland was covered with thick sand.
5. shortage
•【含义】_________
•【搭配】shortage of + 名词（food/water/land/resource 等）；a shortage of（强调 “一种短缺”）
•【同根词】short（adj. _________）→ shorten（v. _________）、shortness（n. 短缺；短促）、
shortage（n. _________）
•【例句】The area is facing a farmland shortage because of urban expansion.
6. lack
•【含义】（n.）_________；（v.）缺乏；没有
•【搭配】（n.）lack of + 名词（money/skill/experience 等）
•【同根词】 lack（v./n. 缺乏）→ lacking（adj. _________）
•【例句】（v.）Many rural areas lack advanced medical resources.
7. support
•【含义】（v.）_________（n.）支持；援助；支撑
•【搭配】（v.）support sb./sth.（_________）；support sb. in doing sth.（支持某人做某事）；
（n.）with the support of（_________）；government support（_________）
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页 共 页•【拓展】派生词：_________（支持者）；supportive（支持的，_________）；
•【例句】（v.）The government supports local farmers in developing high-tech agriculture.
3a
Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown
over the last 20 years?
Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot! Many young
people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them
have come back to live and work here.
Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes?
Ms Wu: Yes, we've changed the way we farm. I
used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell
at the local market. Now, I have large, high-tech
greenhouses. There, I grow tons of fruit and vegetables,
and sell
them in large cities.
Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot!
Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We cannot sell local products
to tourists. We also sell products online to people all over China.
Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives?
Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a
library.
Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village.
8. over the last 20 years
•【含义】_________
•【拓展】同义表达：in the past 20 years；over the past two decades；
•【同根词】last（adj. _________ /v. 持续）→ lasting（adj. _________）
•【例句】Over the last 20 years, our village has changed beyond recognition.
9. tourist attraction
•【含义】_________
•【搭配】a popular tourist attraction（_________）；become a tourist attraction（_________）
•【同根词】attract（v. _________）→ _________（n. 吸引力；景点）、_________（adj. 有吸引力
的；迷人的）
•【例句】Thanks to the beautiful scenery and convenient transport, our village has become a tourist
attraction.
10. greatly
•【含义】_________
•【拓展】形容词形式：great（伟大的；极大的）；近义词：considerably、remarkably；
•【同根词】great（adj. 伟大的；极大的）→ greatly（adv. _________）、greatness（n. 伟大；卓
越）、_________（adj. 更大的；更伟大的，比较级）、_________（adj. 最大的；最伟大的，最高
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页 共 页级）
•【例句】These changes have greatly improved the villagers’ living standards.
11. improve
•【含义】_________
•【搭配】improve sth.（改善某物）；improve one’s life/living conditions（_________）
•【拓展】名词形式：_________（改善；改进）；常见搭配：make improvements（_________）
•【例句】Has the new policy improved your lives greatly?
【即学即用】
一、短语互译
（一）英译汉
1.bring about → __________ 4.with the support of → __________
2.be covered with → __________ 5.over the last 20 years → __________
3.tourist attraction → __________ 6.lack of → __________
（二）汉译英
1.高科技温室 → __________ 4.大大改善 → __________
2.电子支付 → __________ 5.耕地短缺 → __________
3.社会主义村庄 → __________ 6.交通路线 → __________
二、词汇变形
1.improve（v. 改善；提高）→ ____________（n. 改善；改进）
2.rough（adj. 崎岖的；粗糙的）→ ____________（adv. 粗略地；大致上）
3.use（v. 使用；利用）→ ____________（adj. 有用的）
4.cover（v. 覆盖；包含）→ ____________（n. 覆盖范围；报道）
5.short（adj. 短的；短缺的）→ ____________（v. 缩短；缩减）
6.lack（v./n. 缺乏）→ ____________（adj. 缺乏的）
7.support（v./n. 支持）→ ____________（adj. 支持的；辅助的）
8.attract（v. 吸引）→ ____________（adj. 有吸引力的；迷人的）
9.great（adj. 伟大的；极大的）→ ____________（adv. 大大地；非常）
三、语法填空
1.Over the last 20 years, our hometown ____________（change）a lot.
2.Many young people used ____________（work）in big cities, but now they are back.
3.The farmland ____________（cover）with thick sand after the sandstorm yesterday.
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页 共 页4.With the government’s support, farmers ____________（build）many high-tech greenhouses so far.
5.Our village has become a popular tourist ____________（attract）because of the new highway.
6.These changes have greatly ____________（improve）the villagers’ living standards.
7.There ____________（be）great changes in the countryside since 2000.
8.She used to ____________（grow）vegetables on a small farm, but now she has a large one.
9.We can sell our local products online ____________（easy）with the help of e-payment.
10.The project failed due to a ____________（short）of money and technology.
四、根据汉语意思填空
1.The ____________（土壤）here is very fertile for growing vegetables.
2.We need more ____________（支持）from the government to develop agriculture.
3.This new app has many ____________（数字的）functions that make life easier.
4.The ____________（公路）connecting the village to the city was built last year.
5.There is a ____________（短缺）of clean water in some remote areas.
6.The new policy ____________（带来）great benefits to the local people.
7.The mountains are ____________（被…… 覆盖）green trees all year round.
8.____________（在过去的 20 年里）, people’s living conditions have improved a lot.
9.The small town has ____________（成为）a famous tourist attraction.
10.He succeeded ____________（在…… 的支持下）his family and friends.
Part 3：语法突破
一般过去时和现在完成时对比
对比维度 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense） 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）
核心含义 表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存 表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，或过去
在的状态，动作已结束，与现在无直接 的动作对现在造成影响 / 留下结果
联系
时间标志词 具体过去时间： 持续 / 不确定时间：
yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、 for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）、since + 过
in 2022（在 2022 年）、two days ago 去时间（如 since 2020）、over the last few
（两天前）、just now（刚才） years（过去几年里）、so far（到目前为
止）、already（已经）、yet（还）、ever
（曾经）、never（从未）
句子结构 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式（如 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词
played、went）+ 其他 （如 played、gone）+ 其他 >
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形（如 否定句：主语 + have/has+not
didn’t play）+ 其他 （haven’t/hasn’t）+ 动词过去分词 + 其他
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页 共 页疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其 / 疑问句： Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词
他？（如 Did you go?） + 其他？（如 Have you gone?）
关键区别 1. 只说 “过去的事”，不涉及现在 > 1. 连接 “过去和现在”，要么持续到现
2. 时间一定是具体、明确的 在，要么对现在有影响。时间是模糊的，
或强调 “到现在为止”
简单例句 1. I played football yesterday.（昨天踢了 1. I have played football for 2 hours.（踢了 2
球，现在不踢了，只说过去事实） 小时球，现在还在踢或刚结束）.
2. She didn’t go to school last Monday.（上 She has never been to Beijing.（从没去过北
周一没上学，和现在无关） 京，这是现在的状态）
【即学即用】
（一）选择填空
1.He __________ TV last night. A. watched B. has watched
2.We __________ English for 2 years. A. learn B. have learned
3.—__________ you __________ your homework?
—Yes, I finished it just now. A. Have; done B. Did; do
4.She __________ in this school since 2020. A. taught B. has taught
5.They __________ to the park yesterday afternoon. A. went B. have gone
6.I __________ never __________ that film. A. saw B. have; seen
7.My dad __________ to work an hour ago. A. went B. has gone
8.Over the years, we __________ many photos. A. took B. have taken
9.The baby __________ for 3 hours. A. slept B. has slept
10.—When __________ you __________ here?
—Last month. A. did; come B. have; come
（二）用动词适当形式填空
1.Tom __________（eat）a cake yesterday.
2.We __________（live）here since 2018.
3.She __________（not finish）her homework yet.
4.They __________（visit）their teacher last Sunday.
5.He __________（read）3 books so far.
6.My mom __________（cook）dinner just now.
7.I __________（know）her for 4 years.
8.The students __________（play）games after school yesterday.
9.It __________（rain）for 2 hours.
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页 共 页10.He __________（not go）to the zoo last week.
（三）判断时态
1.She bought a new pen yesterday. → __________
2.We have studied Chinese since primary school. → __________
3.He went to bed early last night. → __________
4.They have known each other for 10 years. → __________
5.My sister didn’t like milk when she was young. → __________
Part 4：课堂综合练习
一、根据汉语意思填空
1.This old road is very _____（rough /wide）, so it's difficult for cars to pass.（崎岖的）
2.A new ______（highway /railway）has been built to connect the two cities.（铁路）
3.In spring, this farmland is ______（covered with /short of）green plants.（被…… 覆盖）
4.Last week's ______（sandstorm /bush） destroyed many crops.（沙尘暴 ）
5.There is a ______（shortage /support）of fresh water in this area.（短缺）
6.The government provides ______（support /lack）for farmers to build high-tech greenhouses.（支持）
7.______（E-payment / Digital）makes shopping more convenient than before.（电子支付）
8.The ______（soil /dirt）here is very fertile, suitable for growing corn.（土壤）
9.Because of its beautiful scenery, this city is a popular tourist ______（attraction /product）（吸引力）
10.The ______（housing /audio） conditions in the village have been greatly improved.（住房）
二、语法填空
1.Over the past five years, the government __________（build）many new highways.
2.The farmland __________（cover）with snow yesterday, but it melted quickly.
3.E-payment __________（become）more and more popular since it was invented.
4.A serious sandstorm __________（happen）in the desert area last month.
5.There __________（be）a shortage of farmland in this region before, but now it’s solved.
6.She __________（lack）confidence when she was young, but now she is very brave.
7.Digital technology __________（greatly）changed people’s daily lives over the years.
8.The new railway __________（link）the small town to the capital city in 2022.
三、完形填空
Dashiban is a village with a 600﹣year history located in Xichang，Sichuan Province，which is far more
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页 共 页than just an ordinary living place.This （1） village used to be a busy place on the Southern Silk
Road and the Tea Horse Road.
However，as time went by，the village （2） developed poorly and many villagers left their
hometown to search for work somewhere else.In order to change the （3） ，the local government
started a project in Dashiban in 2021.The aim of the project was to protect the village's（4）
character by following the rule of "repairing the old as old".
（5） the local government's efforts，the village has changed a lot by now.Especially，the
homestay （民宿） business has （6） most quickly，which has made more and more villagers
working outside return home to start their own businesses.For example，Xiao Wenfang，a local villager，
（7）
her job in the big city and went back to run a restaurant with her husband in the village.Travel
photography has also become very popular in the village.Plenty of tourists who wear beautiful traditional clothes
travel here to （8） .
At present，Dashiban has 232 homestays，85 restaurants and 65 travel photography studios.Tourism has
gradually become the main industry of the village，which （9） over 1，000 jobs for local
villagers.People from different places even （10） this small village as an ideal place to settle
down.
（1） A.modern B.ancient C.typical D.magical
（2） A.immediately B.suddenly C.gradually D.quickly
（3） A.situation B.choice C.condition D.decision
（4） A.interesting B.difficult C.historical D.helpful
（5） A.Thanks to B.As for C.According to D.Instead of
（6） A.fallen B.become C.turned D.developed
（7） A.gave in B.gave up C.gave away D.gave back
（8） A.enjoy food B.buy gifts C.have a rest D.take photos
（9） A.prepares B.provides C.finds D.makes
（10） A.serve B.treat C.regard D.use
四、任务型读写
Over the past ten years，great changes have taken place in the countryside of China.Bacha Village in
Heilongjiang Province is one of them.People there have become rich with the development of the tourism
industry（产业）.
You Mingfen，a 57﹣year﹣old woman in Bacha Village，opened a hotel in her own two﹣floor house.Her
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页 共 页family also has a fishing boat.Her husband can use it to get the fresh fish，which will be offered to the guests
from all over China.The fish skin（皮） and bones can also be made into hand﹣made gifts.They are very
popular with the tourists.
"The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October，which can bring us more than 50，000
yuan a year，"she said."In winter，we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the free time.It was impossible
before.At that time，we almost depended on fishing for a living."
Since 2016，the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly.Last year，more than 60，000
tourists came here，and the income（收入） for each person in the village rose to 25，600 yuan.Now，the
roads are wider，the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable.
Thanks to the good policies（政策） of the government，villagers in Bacha get more ways to make
money.Many young people who work far away come back and work in their own hometown.They can not only
care for their families but also develop their hometown.People in Bacha have a feeling of happiness and
satisfaction from the bottom of their hearts.
（1）What can the fish skin（皮） and bones be made into？
（2）How long does the busiest tourism season last in Bacha Village？
（3）How did people make a living in Bacha Village before？
（4）Why do the villagers in Bacha have the ways to make money？
（5）What change has taken place（发生 ） in your hometown？Is it good？
五、语法填空
China has made great achievements during these years.Recently，many foreigners came to rural China
（中国农村）.In the past，they only chose to visit some big（1） （city）.What is the beauty
of rural China in their eyes？
Gina is a girl from（2） （American），returned to the village she had visited two
years earlier.She liked to take pictures in villages.So she invited the villagers（3） （take）
pictures this time.During her trip，she found that everyone in the village lives a life that is similar to the life of
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页 共 页people in the city.There are also parks and libraries for people in rural China now.
They can not only enjoy（4） （they） but learn something new.The government also
sends teachers to help，so students there have chances to get a better education.What （5） happy
life they are living!
What else？Sarah says transportation is（6） （easy） than before.High﹣speed trains and
private cars can take people everywhere.He even sees drones（无人机）in farming （7） many
other high﹣tech machines being used to help with farms.People can book rooms and pay （ 8 ）
phones.Some villagers even sell their goods online.It is not the same as what （ 9 ）
（happen） at the end of the last century.Now，more young people are willing to return home.
Perhaps you can't imagine a Canadian living in rural Yunnan.The Canadian businessman is Linden.The
local（10） （tradition） culture and festival celebrations attracted（吸引） him，These
were great pleasures for him.He wanted to feel the changes in rural China.If he has to express it in one word，it
will be"hope".
六、阅读理解
When I was very young，people in our village lived by planting fruit trees.My grandmother always took
me to the orchard（果园）on the hill.At that time，they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the
hill
to halfway up the hill（半山腰）.Even though they worked so hard，the production of fruit was still low
because it was short of water there.
One day，two young men led a group of workers to our village.They learned about our difficulties，and
later，a canal project（灌溉工程）began to be built in my village. "Who are they？" I asked. "They are good
men from our government， "my grandma replied.
Then，I moved to another city for my middle school.During one summer holiday，I came back to my
hometown with my parents.When we arrived there，we were astonished because everything changed.We saw the
canal running through every orchard.And my grandma told us that after the canal project was completed，villagers
didn't have to go up and down the hill to carry water anymore.And more and more people started planting fruit
and the production increased a lot.
Thanks to the government's canal project ， the development of our countryside has become
better.Nowadays，people work hard to live in a big city.However，we should not forget our hometown.That is
where we are from.
（1）How did people make money in the village when the writer was very young？
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页 共 页A.By planting vegetables. B.By feeding animals.
C.By planting fruit trees. D.By building canal projects.
（2）The two good men came and offered help probably because of .
A.the villagers' suggestions. B.the government's support.
C.a school's practical activity. D.a company's engineering plan.
（3）What does the underlined word "astonished" probably mean in Paragraph 3？
A.Worried. B.Afraid. C.Surprised. D.Angry.
（4）In what order did the following things take place？
①A canal project began to be built in the village to solve the water problem.
②The countryside changed a lot because of the canal project.
③The writer moved to the city for his middle school.
④The villagers had to go up and down the hill to carry water.
A. ④③①②. B. ④①③②. C. ③②①④. D. ③①②④.
（5）What can be the best title for the passage？
A.How can a village be improved？ B.Who are the good men？
C.Why do people come back？ D.What does a hometown mean？
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