第 04 讲 Unit2 Inspiring People
Section B What makes people admirable?
Part 1：单词加油站
英文 音标 中文 英文 音标 中文
scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学上的 daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ n. 女儿
biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 生物学家 herself /hɜːˈself/ pron. 她自己；她本人
whole /həʊl/ adj. 所有的 flight /flaɪt/ n. 飞行；航班
bank /bæŋk/ n. 银行 woodwork /ˈwʊdwɜːk/ n. 木工手艺
forever /fərˈevə(r)/ adv. 永远 inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家
radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n.无线电收音机 above all /əˈbʌv ɔːl/ 最重要的是；尤其是
leave behind 留下；遗留 thinker /ˈθɪŋkə(r)/ n. 思想家
collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收集物 period /ˈpɪəriəd/ n. 时期；一段时间
live on /lɪv ɒn/ 继续存在 kingdom /ˈkɪŋdəm/ n. 王国
exploration /ˌeksplɔːˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索 kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n. 善良
universe /ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/ n. 宇宙 whether /ˈweðə(r)/ conj. 是否
socialism /ˈsəʊʃəlɪzəm/ n. 社会主义 mankind /mænˈkaɪnd/ n. 人类
hole /həʊl/ n. 洞；孔
Part 2：课文知识讲
解
1b The Inspiring Seed Scientist
On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the
news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident.
The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching
plants and seeds. Over the years,he collected many important seeds
for China's seed banks. These special banks protect all kinds of plant
seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that
important plants do not disappear from the world forever.
Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a
deep love and curiosity for the things he studied. He was an excellent
student, entering university at the early age of 1S. There, he studied radio engineering and later became
interested in plants. The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he
became a professor at Fudan University.
It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds. When Zhong Yang discovered that
there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to collect seeds himself. In 2001, he
began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. He
sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work.
Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work. He began a programme to
find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more
than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information
about the plants in China.
Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds. His love for his job and
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页 共 页research lives on in his students. He once said, "My students will continue on the road of scientific
exploration and the seeds we have collected may grow hundreds of years from now."
励志的种子科学家
2017 年 9 月 25 日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。这位备受尊敬的生物学家
毕生致力于植物与种子研究。多年来，他为中国的种子库收集了许多重要种子。这些特殊的种子库保
护着各类植物种子，包括我们赖以生存的粮食作物种子，确保重要植物不会从世界上永远消失。
钟扬生于 1964 年。年少时，他就对所研究的事物怀有深深的热爱与好奇心。他是一名优秀的学
生，年仅 15 岁便考入大学。在大学里，他起初学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。成为复旦
大学教授后，植物研究 —— 尤其是种子研究，成为了他人生的核心。
种子库收录多种不同类型的种子至关重要。当钟扬发现西藏地区的种子研究尚不充分时，他亲自前
往当地采集种子。2001 年，他开启了穿越西藏的采集之旅。在严寒天气与高海拔环境中前行对他来
说极为艰难，他有时会生病，但始终坚持工作。
钟扬深知，完成重要事业需要凝聚更多人的力量。他发起了一项计划，寻找并培养当地学生参与野
外考察，助力他们成为科学家。他和团队共同从约 1000 种植物中收集了超过 4000 万粒种子。他
们的辛勤付出为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的全新信息。
【课文重点讲解】
1. scientific
【含义】 adj. 科学的；与科学相关的
【搭配】 scientific world 科学界；scientific research 科学研究
【同根词】 science (n. 科学) → scientist (n. 科学家) → scientifically (adv. 科学地)
【例句】 The scientific world paid much attention to his seed research.（科学界高度关注他的种子研
究。）
2. well-respected
【含义】 adj. 备受尊敬的；广受好评的
【搭配】 a well-respected professor 备受尊敬的教授
【拓展】合成形容词结构：well + 过去分词（如 well-known 著名的、well-educated 受过良好教育
的）
【例句】 Zhong Yang was a well-respected biologist in China.（钟扬是中国一位备受尊敬的生物学
家。）
3. collect
【含义】 v. 收集；采集；搜集
【搭配】 collect seeds 采集种子；collect data 收集数据；collect stamps 集邮
【同根词】 collection (n. 收集；收藏品) → collector (n. 收集者；采集者)
【例句】 He spent years collecting rare seeds for China’s seed banks.（他花了数年时间为中国的种子库
采集稀有种子。）
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页 共 页4. disappear from
【含义】 从…… 消失；从…… 绝迹
【搭配】 disappear from the world 从世界上消失；disappear from sight 消失在视线中
【同根词】 disappear (v.) → disappearance (n. 消失)
【例句】 Important plants will not disappear from the world if we protect their seeds.（如果我们保护好植
物的种子，它们就不会从世界上消失。）
5. show a deep love and curiosity for
【含义】 对…… 怀有深深的热爱与好奇心
【搭配】 show a deep love for 对…… 深爱；show curiosity for/about 对…… 好奇（可拆分使用）
【拓展】 同义表达：have a deep love and curiosity for
【例句】 When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for plants around him.（他年轻时就对
身边的植物怀有深深的热爱和好奇心。）
6.became interested in
【含义】 对…… 产生兴趣；开始关注……
【搭配】 become interested in sth/doing sth 对做某事产生兴趣；be interested in（“对…… 感兴趣”）
【拓展】 同义短语：develop an interest in；take an interest in
【例句】 He first studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants.（他最初学习无线电工
程，后来对植物产生了兴趣。）
7. focus
【含义】 n. 焦点；核心；v. 集中（注意力、精力）
【搭配】 n.：the focus of sth … 的核心 / 焦点（如 the focus of life 人生的核心）；
v.：focus on sth 集中于……
【拓展】 近义词：n. center（中心）；v. concentrate（集中）
【例句】 After becoming a professor, the research of seeds became the focus of his life.（成为教授后，种
子研究成了他人生的核心。）
8. continue
【含义】 v. 继续；坚持；持续
【搭配】 continue with sth 继续做某事；continue to do sth 继续做（另一件事）；continue doing sth
持续做（同一件事）
【例句】 He fell sick during the trip but continued with his seed collection.（他在旅途中生病，但仍坚持
种子采集工作。）
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页 共 页9. include
【含义】 v. 包含；包括
【搭配】 include sth 包含某物；including（介词，后接名词 / 代词，表 “包括…在内”）；be
included 被包含
【同根词】 inclusion (n. 包含；入选) → inclusive (adj. 包含在内的)
【例句】 The seed banks include all kinds of plant seeds, including those for food.（种子库包含各种植物
种子，包括粮食作物的种子。）
10. provide with
【含义】 为…… 提供……（完整短语：provide sb with sth）
【搭配】 同义结构：provide sth for sb（注意介词搭配差异）
【例句】 His team provided the world with a large number of new plant information.（他的团队为世界提
供了大量新的植物相关信息。）
11. field research
【含义】 野外考察；实地研究
【搭配】 do field research 进行野外考察；carry out field research 开展实地研究
【拓展】 相关短语：field work 野外工作；field study 实地调查；field trip 考察旅行
【例句】 He trained local students to take part in field research on plants.（他培养当地学生参与植物的野
外考察工作。）
12. leave behind
【含义】 留下；遗留；丢下；抛弃
【搭配】 leave behind sth 留下某物；leave sth behind 落下、遗忘某物
【同根词】 leave (v. 离开；留下) → left (过去式 / 过去分词)；leftover (adj. 剩余的 /n. 残留物)
【例句】 The scientist left behind many valuable seeds and research results for China.（这位科学家
为中国留下了许多珍贵的种子和研究成果。）
13. exploration
【含义】 n. 探索；探险；考察
【搭配】 field exploration 野外考察；plant exploration 植物考察
【同根词】 explore (v. 探索；考察) → exploration (n.) → explorer (n. 探险家；考察者)
【例句】 Zhong Yang’s exploration in Xizang lasted for years and achieved great success.（钟扬在
西藏的考察持续了多年，取得了巨大成就。）
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页 共 页3a
To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi
(about468-376 BCE). It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at
woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite. But in fact, above all, he
was a great thinker.
Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Back then, many
kingdoms were fighting against each other. In these wars, the common
people were always hurt. To Mozi, this had to stop, so he spent his life
trying to bring peace.
His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace. It was
important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care
to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also
believed states should avoid attacking one another.
Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on. I think he is still a great
inspiration to many people. Now,more than ever, people around the world need to hear the
message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of a shared future for
mankind.
在我看来，中国历史上最励志的人物之一便是墨子（约公元前 468 - 前 376 年）。据说，墨子
曾是一名士兵，擅长木工手艺，还是风筝的发明者。但事实上，最重要的是，他是一位伟大的思想
家。
墨子生活在战国时期。那时，许多诸侯国相互征战，战乱中受苦的总是普通百姓。在墨子看来，这
种局面必须停止，因此他毕生都在努力促成和平。
墨子的 “兼爱” 思想是他追求和平的重要原因之一。对他而言，每个人都应平等地向他人展现善
意与关怀 —— 无论对方是家人、朋友，还是陌生人。他还主张各国应避免相互攻击。
尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，但他的思想至今依然流传。我认为，他仍是许多人的精神楷模。如
今，全世界的人们比以往任何时候都更需要聆听和平与博爱的理念，携手共建人类命运共同体
【课文重点详解】
1.It is said that
【含义】 据说；据称
【搭配】 It is said that + 从句（主语从句结构，从句用陈述句语序）
【拓展】 同义表达：People say that...；It is reported that...（据报道）
【例句】 It is said that Mozi was the inventor of the kite and good at woodwork.（据说墨子是风筝的发明
者，且擅长木工手艺。）
2. above all
【含义】 最重要的是；尤其是
【拓展】 近义词组：most importantly；first and foremost
【例句】 Mozi was a soldier and inventor, but above all, he was a great thinker.（墨子是士兵和发明家，
但最重要的是，他是一位伟大的思想家。）
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页 共 页3. a great thinker
【含义】 一位伟大的思想家
【搭配】 a famous/great/wise thinker
【同根词】 think (v. 思考) → thinker (n. 思想家) → thinking (n. 思想；思考)
【例句】 Mozi, a great thinker in the Warring States Period, put forward the idea of peace.（墨子是战国时
期一位伟大的思想家，提出了和平的理念。）
4. fight against
【含义】 与…… 作斗争；对抗；反
【搭配】 fight against injustice 反对不公；fight against enemies 对抗敌人；fight against wars 反对战争
【例句】 Many kingdoms were fighting against each other during the Warring States Period.（战国时期，
许多诸侯国相互征战。）
5. show kindness and care to everyone else
【含义】 对其他人展现善意与关怀
【搭配】 show kindness/care/respect to sb 对某人展现善意 / 关怀 / 尊重
【拓展】 show kindness to sb 对某人友善；show care for sb 关心某人
【例句】 Mozi believed that everyone should show kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were
strangers or friends.（墨子认为，无论对方是陌生人还是朋友，每个人都应该对他人展现善意与关
怀。）
6. avoid doing
【含义】 避免做某事；防止发生
【同根词】 avoid (v. 避免) → avoidance (n. 避免；回避)
【例句】 Mozi believed states should avoid attacking one another to keep peace.（墨子认为，诸侯国应避
免相互攻击以维护和平。）
7.more than ever
【含义】 比以往任何时候都更；尤为重要的是
【搭配】 通常用于句首或句中，修饰形容词、副词或整个句子
【例句】 Now, more than ever, people around the world need the message of peace.（如今，全世界的人们
比以往任何时候都更需要和平的理念。）
8.community
【含义】 n. 社区；群体；共同体
【搭配】 a community of …… 的共同体；community service 社区服务
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页 共 页【例句】 We should work together to build a harmonious community.（我们应共同努力构建一个和谐的
共同体。）
9.a shared future
【含义】 共同的未来；共享的未来
【搭配】 share a future with sb 与某人共享未来
【例句】 People around the world should work together to build a community of a shared future for
mankind.（全世界人民应携手合作，构建人类命运共同体。）
【即学即用】
一、短语互译
英译汉
1.scientific research → __________ 4.become interested in → __________
2.leave behind → __________ 5.provide...with... → __________
3.field research → __________ 6.scientific exploration → __________
汉译英
1.从…… 消失 → __________ 4.包含；包括 → __________
2.对…… 好奇 → __________ 5.坚持；继续做 → __________
3.集中于；聚焦于 → __________ 6.野外考察 → __________
答案：
英译汉：1. 科学研究 2. 留下；遗留 3. 野外考察；实地研究 4. 对…… 产生兴趣 5. 为…… 提
供…… 6. 科学探索
汉译英：1. disappear from 2.show curiosity for/about 3.focus on 4.include /including 5.continue
with
6.field research
二、词汇变形
1.science（n. 科学）→ __________（adj. 科学的）
2.collect（v. 收集）→ __________（n. 收集物）
3.explore（v. 探索）→ __________（n. 探索）
4.biology（n. 生物学）→ __________（n. 生物学家）
5.curious（adj. 好奇的）→ __________（n. 好奇心）
6.include（v. 包含）→ __________（prep. 包括）
7.protect（v. 保护）→ __________（n. 保护）
8.respect（v. 尊敬）→ __________（adj. 备受尊敬的）
9.appear（v. 出现）→ __________（v. 消失，反义词）
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页 共 页10.succeed（v. 成功）→ __________（n. 成功）
答案
1.scientific 2. collection 3. exploration 4. biologist 5. curiosity 6. including 7. protection 8. well-respected
9. disappear 10. success
三、语法填空
1.Zhong Yang __________（spend）his whole life researching plants and seeds.
2.Over the years, he __________（collect）more than 40 million seeds.
3.It is important for seed banks __________（protect）all kinds of plant seeds.
4.When he was young, he __________（show）a deep love for plants.
5.His team __________（provide）the world with lots of new plant information.
6.The scientific world __________（shake）by his death in 2017.
7.He __________（be born）in 1964 and entered university at 15.
8.After __________（become）a professor, he focused on seed research.
9.He sometimes __________（fall）sick during the trip but never gave up.
答案
1.spent 2. collected 3. to protect 4. showed 5. provided 6. was shaken 7. was born 8. becoming 9. fell
四、根据汉语意思填空
1.The __________（生物学家）devoted himself to seed research.
2.These seed banks protect all kinds of __________（种子）.
3.He began his __________（探索）in Xizang in 2001.
4.The __________（收集）of seeds took him many years.
5.His love for work __________（继续存在）in his students.
6.The __________（气候）in Xizang is cold and dry.
7.He was a __________（备受尊敬的）professor at Fudan University.
8.The __________（科学界）was shocked by his passing.
9.They collected seeds from around 1,000 __________（植物）.
10.His __________（好奇心）drove him to study nature.
答案
1.biologist 2. seeds 3. exploration 4. collection 5. lives on 6. climate 7. well-respected 8. scientific world 9.
plants 10. curiosity
Part 3：作文强化
An Inspiring Person
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页 共 页一、必备核心词汇表
类别 英文词汇 中文含义 备注（使用场景）
品质类 hard-working 勤奋的 描述人物基础品质
brave 勇敢的 对应钟扬不畏严寒的事迹
devoted 奉献的 体现毕生致力于事业的精神
persistent 坚持不懈的 描述克服困难的品质
kind 善良的 通用品质词，简单易记
动作类 devote oneself to 致力于 搭配事业（如 seed research）
collect 收集 核心动作，对应种子采集
continue with 继续 描述坚持工作的行为
train 培养；训练 对应培养学生的事迹
inspire 激励 作文主题核心动词
名词类 persistence 坚持 品质对应的名词形式
devotion 奉献 避免重复使用形容词
contribution 贡献 结尾段评价人物影响
spirit 精神 总结人物品质的高频词
achievement 成就 描述人物成果
二、实用短语表
英文短语 中文含义 基础例句
set a good example for 为…… 树立好榜样 Zhong Yang set a good example for young
scientists.
in the face of difficulties 面对困难 He kept working in the face of difficulties.
never give up 永不放弃 We should never give up when we meet
problems.
make great contributions to 为…… 做出巨大贡献 He made great contributions to plant research.
devote one’s life to 毕生致力于 Zhong Yang devoted his life to seed research.
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 His story inspires me to work hard.
regardless of 不顾；不管 He collected seeds regardless of cold weather.
carry on 继续（某事） His students carry on his work.
三、基础句型表
句型类型 句型结构 例句（结合钟扬事迹）
简单句 主语 + 核心动词 + 宾语 Zhong Yang collected many seeds in Xizang.
并列句 句子 1 + but/and + 句子 2 He was sick, but he never stopped working.
定语从句 The person who… is… The person who inspires me most is Zhong Yang.
让步从句 Though + 从句（困难）, 主句 Though it was cold, he went to collect seeds.
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页 共 页（行动）
目的状语 主语 + 行动 + to + 目的 He went to Xizang to collect rare seeds.
评价句型 He/She is a great person who… He is a great person who made great contributions.
四、作文框架填充表
段落 填充模板 示例内容
1 The most inspiring person I know is The most inspiring person I know is Zhong
______, a ______. Yang, a great biologist.
开头段
2 He/She is ______, ______ and ______. He is brave, devoted and hard-working.
3 His/Her story has deeply inspired me. His/Her story has deeply inspired me.
1 He/She was born in ______ and devoted He was born in 1964 and devoted himself
himself/herself to ______. to seed research.
2 He/She ______ despite ______. He went to Xizang to collect seeds despite
cold weather.
中间段
3 He/She also ______ to ______. He also trained local students to carry on
his work.
4 These things show how ______ he/she is. These things show how brave and devoted
he is.
1 He/She made great contributions to ______. He made great contributions to our country.
2 From him/her, I learned that we should From him, I learned that we should never
结尾段
______. give up.
3 I will follow his/her example and ______. I will follow his example and study hard.
五、范文示例
An Inspiring Person（基础版）
The most inspiring person I know is Zhong Yang, a great biologist. He is brave, devoted and hard-working.
His story has deeply inspired me.
He was born in 1964 and devoted himself to seed research. He went to Xizang to collect seeds regardless of
cold weather. Though he often fell sick, he never gave up. He also trained local students to carry on his work.
Zhong Yang made great contributions to our country.
From him, I learned that we should never give up when facing difficulties. I will follow his example and try
my best to pursue my dreams.
An Inspiring Person（高级版）
The most inspiring person in my mind is Zhong Yang, a well-respected biologist and professor at
Fudan University. He was devoted, persistent and selfless, and his lifelong dedication to seed
research has deeply touched my heart.
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页 共 页Born in 1964, Zhong Yang spent over 17 years collecting seeds in Xizang. Despite the harsh cold
and high altitudes, he never gave up. He even fell sick sometimes but still continued with his work.
What’s more, he trained local students to carry on his research, hoping to protect more plant
species. His team collected over 40 million seeds, making great contributions to our country.
Zhong Yang’s spirit will always live on. From him, I learned that as long as we stick to our
goals and face difficulties bravely, we can achieve something meaningful. I will follow his example
and strive to work hard for my dreams.
六、基础练习题
练习 1：词汇填空
1. Zhong Yang was a __________ (勇敢的) man who faced cold weather in Xizang.
2. His __________ (坚持) helped him finish the difficult work.
3. He __________ (奉献) his life to seed research.
4. His story __________ (激励) many people to work hard.
练习 2：短语填空
1. Zhong Yang __________ young scientists.（为…… 树立好榜样）
2. __________, he still kept working.（面对困难）
3. We should __________ when we meet problems.（永不放弃）
4. He __________ plant protection.（为…… 做出巨大贡献）
练习 3：句型仿写
1. 仿写：My teacher is a person who __________ (致力于教育).
2. 仿写：Though __________ (天气很热), we __________ (坚持上课).
3. 仿写：Her story inspires me to __________ (帮助同学).
答案
练习 1 1. brave 2. persistence 3. devoted 4. inspires
练习 2 1. set a good example for 2. In the face of difficulties 3. never give up 4. made great contributions to
练习 3 1. devoted himself to education 2. the weather was hot; kept going to class 3. help my classmates
Part 4：课堂综合练习
一、根据汉语意思填空
1.This scientist’s __________（research /study）on seeds is very valuable.（研究）
2.Zhong Yang was a __________（well-respected /famous）biologist in China.（备受尊敬的）
3.The seed banks __________（protect /keep）all kinds of plant seeds from disappearing.（保护）
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页 共 页4.He spent his __________（whole /all）life collecting rare seeds.（整个的）
5.The __________（exploration /trip）in Xizang was full of difficulties.（探索）
6.His love for research __________（lives on /goes on）in his students.（继续存在）
7.They collected a large __________（collection /number）of seeds for the bank.（收集物）
8.The __________（scientific /science）world was shocked by his passing.（科学的）
9.He __________（devoted /spent）himself to plant research when he was young.（致力于）
10.The team’s work __________（provided /gave）the world with new plant information.（提供）
答案
1.research 2. well-respected 3. protect 4. whole 5. exploration 6. lives on 7. collection 8. scientific
9. devoted 10. provided
二、语法填空（用所给词的正确形式）
1.Zhong Yang __________（be born）in 1964 and entered university at 15.
2.Over the years, he __________（collect）more than 40 million seeds.
3.It is important for seed banks __________（include）different kinds of seeds.
4.When he was young, he __________（show）great curiosity for plants.
5.He __________（begin）his travels across Xizang in 2001.
6.Though he __________（fall）sick sometimes, he never stopped working.
7.His team __________（train）many local students to do field research.
8.The scientific world __________（shake）by the news of his death in 2017.
9.He __________（spend）over 17 years doing research in harsh environments.
答案1.was born 2. collected 3. to include 4. showed 5. began 6. fell 7. trained 8. was shaken 9.
spent
三、选择题
1．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It is very generous ________ him ________ donate so much money
to the charity.
A．of; to B．for; to C．to; for D．of; for
【答案】A
【详解】句意：他捐这么多钱给慈善机构，真是太慷慨了。
of……的；for为了；to到。本句是固定句型It is+形容词+for/of sb+to do sth，当形容词描述人的品
质/性格时，用of，当形容词描述事物特征时，用介词for。此处形容词generous是描述人的品质，第
一空用of；第二空是不定式作真正主语，用to。
2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s rude ________ loudly in public places.
A．shout B．to shout C．shouting D．shouted
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页 共 页【答案】B
【详解】句意：在公共场合大声喊叫是不礼貌的。
shout喊，动词原形；to shout喊，动词不定式；shouting喊，动名词；shouted喊，过去式。固定句型
“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，应
填to shout。
3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s relaxing ________ a good book on a quiet weekend afternoon.
A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在安静的周末下午读一本好书是令人放松的。
该句中使用了句型It is+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词
不定式。因此这里应用动词不定式形式，应填to read。
4．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s meaningful ________ more classic books in our free time.
A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在我们的空闲时间多读一些经典书籍是有意义的。
根据“It’s meaningful…more classic books in our free time.”可知，此处为固定句型It’s+adj.+to do sth.，it
是形式主语，动词不定式是真正主语。应填to read。
5．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s important _________ a good living habit.
A．have B．to have C．having
【答案】B
【详解】句意：拥有一个良好的生活习惯很重要。
“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。
6．（2026·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）It’s interesting ________ all kinds of programs about the Dragon
Boat Festival on TV.
A．to enjoy B．enjoyed C．enjoying
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在电视上欣赏各种关于端午节的节目是有趣的。
根据固定句型“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”可知，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。应填to
enjoy。
7．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s necessary ________ us ________ protect the wonders of nature.
A．for; to B．of; to C．for; for D．of; for
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页 共 页【答案】A
【详解】句意：对我们来说保护自然奇观是必要的。
for为了；to向；of属于。形容词necessary表示“必要的”，侧重客观情况，介词用for；若形容词侧
重人的品质（如 kind, nice）则用of。第二个空需用动词不定式符号to构成真正主语。故选A。
8．（25-26七年级下·甘肃武威·月考）It is good for us ________ vegetables, like carrots and cabbages.
A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate
【答案】C
【详解】句意：吃蔬菜对我们有好处，比如胡萝卜和卷心菜。
固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式主语，动
词不定式作真正的主语。应填to eat。
9．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s impolite _________ others when they are talking.
A．interrupt B．interrupting C．to interrupt D．interrupted
【答案】C
【详解】句意：别人说话的时候打断他们是不礼貌的。
“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth”是固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面
的动词不定式，应填to interrupt。
10．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）It is wrong ________ you ________ laugh at others.
A．for; to B．of; to C．for; for D．of; of
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你嘲笑别人是错误的。
此处为“It is+形容词+of/for+sb+to do sth.”固定句型。当形容词表示人的性格、品质（如wrong，
kind，clever等）时，用介词of；当形容词表示事物的性质（如hard，easy，important等）时，用介词
for。本句中“wrong”是对人的行为评价，故第一空用of；第二空是不定式作真正的主语，用to。
11．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s polite of you _________ “thank you” when you get help.
A．say B．to say C．saying D．said
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当你得到帮助时说“谢谢你”，你是有礼貌的。
“It’s + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“某人做某事是……的”，It作形式主语，真正的
主语是后面的动词不定式，应填to say。
12．（25-26八年级下·全国·随堂练习）________ is wrong of us ________ products made from animals in
danger, and ________ is our duty ________ them.
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页 共 页A．It; to buy; it; to protect B．It; buying; that; protecting
C．That; to buy; it; to protect D．That; buying; that; protecting
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们购买濒危动物制品是错误的，并且保护它们是我们的责任。
It它；That那。固定句型It is+形容词+of sb+to do sth“某人做某事是……的”，It作形式主语，真正的
主语是动词不定式，故第一空填It，第二空填to buy；后半句符合结构It is one’s duty to do sth“做某事
是某人的责任”，同样用it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式to protect。
13．（25-26六年级下·全国·单元测试）It’s good for us ________ green things.
A．do B．does C．to do D．doing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：去做绿色事情对我们是有好处的。
do做；does做(第三人称单数）；to do去做；doing做(动名词）。固定句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do
sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中It是形式主语，动词不定式“to do”作真正的主语。
应填to do。
14．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）It’s patient ________ you ________ wait for me for so long.
A．for; to B．of; to C．for; wait D．of; wait
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你等了我这么久，真有耐心。
It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.，该句型用于描述人的品质、性格。形容词patient意为“有耐心的”，用来
修饰人的品质性格，介词应用of；该句型中真正的主语是动词不定式，第二空应用to。
15．（25-26八年级下·安徽滁州·月考）________ our duty ________ the classroom clean.
A．It’s; keep B．That’s; to keep C．It’s; to keep D．It’s; keeping
【答案】C
【详解】句意：保持教室干净是我们的责任。
根据固定句型“It’s +名词+ to do sth.”可知，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to keep。
四、完形填空
（25-26九年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选
出最佳选项。
On November 24, 2025, a big event took place in the sports world. Lang Ping, known as “Iron Hammer” of
Chinese volleyball, was 1 with the IOC Coaches Lifetime Achievement Award (国际奥委会教练
员终身成就奖) from the International Olympic Committee. She is the first Chinese 2 from team
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页 共 页sports to get this great honor.
As a player, Lang Ping fought hard in every match and never gave up easily. She was a 3
spiker (主攻手) who kept practicing even when she was hurt. In 1984, she helped the Chinese women’s volleyball
team win the Olympic gold medal at the Los Angeles Games. This victory made her become one of the most 4
stars in China. Later, she became a coach and 5 the team to win the Rio 2016 Olympic gold and the
2019 World Cup title, even when the team faced many difficulties. With over 40 years in volleyball, her rich
6 in teaching and inspiring players made her a great coach loved by all.
When Lang Ping stood on the stage to accept the award, she was filled with deep pride. The 64-year-old
was so 7 that she couldn’t hold back her tears. She expressed her 8 for the team, saying
the award belonged to all her players and partners.
Now, Lang Ping teaches volleyball at Beijing Normal University. She 9 not only volleyball
skills but also the never-give-up spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball to young people. Her hard work has
become a shining example, encouraging all students to face challenges 10 and work harder to achieve
their dreams.
1．A．received B．shown C．honored
2．A．coach B．master C．director
3．A．warm-hearted B．strong-willed C．quick-minded
4．A．famous B．careful C．patient
5．A．reminded B．led C．spread
6．A．agreement B．courage C．experience
7．A．relaxed B．embarrassed C．excited
8．A．thanks B．sadness C．wounds
9．A．passes on B．drops by C．pays for
10．A．strangely B．bravely C．politely
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文讲述了2025年11月24日，郎平荣获国际奥委会教练员终身成就奖，她作为运动员和教
练都取得了卓越成就，在领奖时她深感自豪并表达了对团队的感谢，如今她在北京师范大学任教，传
递女排精神鼓励年轻人勇敢追梦。
1．句意：2025年11月24日，体育界发生了一件大事。中国排球“铁榔头”郎平被国际奥委会授予
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页 共 页国际奥委会教练员终身成就奖。
received收到；shown展示；honored授予（荣誉等）。根据“Lang Ping...with the IOC Coaches
Lifetime Achievement Award (国际奥委会教练员终身成就奖) from the International Olympic Committee.”
可知，郎平是被授予奖项。故选C。
2．句意：她是第一位获得这一殊荣的中国团体运动教练。
coach教练；master主人；director导演。根据“from team sports to get this great honor.”以及后文提到她
作为教练带领团队取得成绩，可知她是教练。故选A。
3．句意：她是一名意志坚强的主攻手，即使受伤也坚持训练。
warm-hearted热心的；strong-willed意志坚强的；quick-minded思维敏捷的。根据“who kept practicing
even when she was hurt.”可知，即使受伤也坚持训练，说明她意志坚强。故选B。
4．句意：这一胜利使她成为中国最著名的明星之一。
famous著名的；careful仔细的；patient耐心的。根据“This victory made her become one of the
most...stars in China.”可知，取得奥运金牌让她成为中国著名的明星之一。故选A。
5．句意：后来，她成为一名教练，带领球队在2016年里约奥运会上获得金牌，并在2019年获得世界
杯冠军，即使球队面临许多困难。
reminded提醒；led带领；spread传播。根据“the team to win the Rio 2016 Olympic gold and the 2019
World Cup title”可知，是带领球队取得成绩。故选B。
6．句意：在排球领域工作了40多年，她丰富的教学和激励球员的经验使她成为一位深受大家喜爱的
伟大教练。
agreement协议；courage勇气；experience经验。根据“her rich...in teaching and inspiring players”可
知，在教学和激励球员方面有丰富的经验。故选C。
7．句意：这位64岁的老人激动得忍不住流下了眼泪。
relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；excited激动的。根据“she couldn’t hold back her tears.”可知，忍
不住流泪说明很激动。故选C。
8．句意：她表达了对团队的感谢，说这个奖项属于她所有的球员和伙伴。
thanks感谢；sadness悲伤；wounds伤口。根据“saying the award belonged to all her players and
partners.”可知，奖项属于团队，所以是表达感谢。故选A。
9．句意：她不仅向年轻人传授排球技能，还传递中国女排永不放弃的精神。
passes on传递；drops by顺便拜访；pays for支付。根据“not only volleyball skills but also the never-
give-up spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball to young people.”可知，是传递排球技能和女排精神。故选
A。
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页 共 页10．句意：她的努力工作成为一个光辉的榜样，鼓励所有学生勇敢地面对挑战，更加努力地实现他们
的梦想。
strangely奇怪地；bravely勇敢地；politely礼貌地。根据“encouraging all students to face
challenges...and work harder to achieve their dreams.”可知，是鼓励学生勇敢面对挑战。故选B。
五、语法填空
（25-26九年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Yang Zhenning (Chen-Ning Yang) passed away in Beijing on October 18, 2025. He is regarded as one
of 1 (outstanding) physicists of the 20th century.
He was born in Hefei, Anhui, in 1922. He 2 (study) at the National Southwestern Associated
University and earned a bachelor’s degree in physics in 1942. Later, to seek more knowledge, he went to the
US to study 3 (far) and received his Ph.D．from the University of Chicago in 1948.
In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee proposed (提出) 4 new theory in physics. It was soon
proved by experiments, and in 1957, they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. They became the 5
(one) Chinese to receive this great honor. Yang also worked with Robert L.Mills. Together, they developed the
Yang-Mills Theory, which is very important for modern physics.
6 Yang lived in the US for many years, he always loved his motherland. After retirement, he
returned 7 China and taught at Tsinghua University in 2003. In 2015, he decided 8 (give) up
his American citizenship and restored (恢复) his Chinese citizenship.
Throughout his life, Yang made many 9 (achievement). His academic contributions 10
(influence) the global physics community greatly so far. When people talk about great physicists, he is always
on the short list. His story teaches us that a love for science and one’s motherland can lead to true greatness.
【答案】
1．the most outstanding 2．studied 3．further 4．a 5．first 6．Although/Though
7．to 8．to give 9．achievements 10．have influenced
【导语】本文主要介绍了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平经历、学术成就与爱国事迹。
1．句意：他被认为是20世纪最杰出的物理学家之一。根据“He is regarded as one of...physicists of the
20th century.”可知，one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数“最……之一”，此处应用形容词最高
级。故填the most outstanding。
2．句意：他曾就读于国立西南联合大学，并于1942年获得物理学学士学位。根据时间状语“in
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页 共 页1942”可知，本句为一般过去时态，应用动词过去式，study的过去式为studied。故填studied。
3．句意：后来，为了获取更多知识，他前往美国深造，并于1948年从芝加哥大学获得博士学位。根
据“to seek more knowledge”可知，此处表示更深层次的学习，应用比较级，far表示程度的副词比较
级为further。故填further。
4．句意：1956年，杨振宁与李政道共同提出了一项物理学新理论。根据“new theory”可知，其为可
数名词，且以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
5．句意：他们成为了首批获得这一崇高荣誉的中国人。根据“They became the...Chinese to receive this
great honor.”可知，序数词前用定冠词the，表示顺序，此处表示第一批获得这一崇高荣誉的中国人，
one的序数词为first。故填first。
6．句意：尽管杨振宁在美国生活了许多年，但他始终热爱自己的祖国。根据“...Yang lived in the US
for many years, he always loved his motherland.”可知，杨振宁在美国生活多年与他始终热爱祖国为转折
关系，需用表让步的连词连接，置于句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
7．句意：退休后，他回到了中国，并于2003年在清华大学任教。根据“he returned...China and taught
at Tsinghua University in 2003.”可知，return to+sp.“返回某地”。故填to。
8．句意：2015年，他决定放弃美国国籍，恢复了中国国籍。根据“he decided...up his American
citizenship”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故填to give。
9．句意：杨振宁一生取得了诸多成就。根据“many”可知，其后应用可数名词复数形式。故填
achievements。
10．句意：到目前为止，他的学术贡献已对全球物理学界产生了深远的影响。根据“so far”可知，本
句为现在完成时态，主语为复数，应用have。故填have influenced。
六、任务型读写
（25-26九年级上·河北承德·期末）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
Li Bai was born in 701. He was also given the name “Taibai”. The name meant “Venus” in ancient
Chinese. It was said that before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms.
·Making Iron (铁) into a Needle (针)
There is a story about Li Bai. He was not a very hard-working student when he was young. One day when
he was walking by the river, he saw an old woman. She was working on a huge piece of iron.
He asked, “What are you doing?” She said, “I’m making a needle.”
“But how can you make a large piece of iron into a needle?” She replied, “I must work hard every day.”
Li Bai suddenly understood the importance of hard work.
·Friendship with Meng Haoran
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页 共 页When Li Bai travelled to Xiangyang in Hubei, he went to visit a famous poet called Meng Haoran. He
was twelve years older than Li Bai, but they became friends because they trusted and respected each other. They
both loved travelling to beautiful mountains and rivers. When Meng Haoran left for today’s Yangzhou, Li Bai
wrote a poem about it—Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Crane Tower.
1．What did Li Bai’s mother dream before he was born?
2．Where did Li Bai see the old woman?
3．What did Li Bai understand after he talked with the old woman?
4．Who did Li Bai visit when he travelled to Xiangyang?
5．What can you learn from Li Bai and Meng Haoran’s friendship?
【答案】1．His mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms. 2．He saw the old woman by the river.
3．He understood the importance of hard work. 4．He visited a famous poet called Meng Haoran.
5．Friendship needs to be based on trust and respect.
【导语】本文介绍李白的字号由来，讲述他“铁杵磨成针”的故事及与孟浩然的友谊，展现其成长与
交友之道。
1．根据“It was said that before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms.”可知，
李白出生前，他的母亲梦见金星落入了她的怀中，故填His mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms.
2．根据“One day when he was walking by the river, he saw an old woman.”可知，李白是在河边看到这
位老妇人的，故填He saw the old woman by the river.
3．根据“Li Bai suddenly understood the importance of hard work.”可知，李白在和老妇人交谈后明白了
努力的重要性，故填He understood the importance of hard work.
4．根据“When Li Bai travelled to Xiangyang in Hubei, he went to visit a famous poet called Meng
Haoran.”可知，李白去襄阳时拜访了著名诗人孟浩然，故填He visited a famous poet called Meng
Haoran.
5．根据“they became friends because they trusted and respected each other”可知，我们能从李白和孟浩
然的友谊中学到友谊需要建立在信任和尊重的基础上，故填Friendship needs to be based on trust and
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页 共 页respect.
七、短文还原
（23-24九年级上·四川成都·期末）补全短文 根据短文内容，从短文后的A-F选项中，选出5个适当
的选项补全短文，并将选项的编号填涂在答题卡相应题号后。
Xian Xinghai is a very famous musician in China. He has written many great pieces of music. 1
Xian was born in Panyu, Guangzhou in 1905. His father died before he was born. So Xian had to move
from place to place with his mother. He began learning to play the violin when he was 20 years old. At first, his
violin was so cheap and in a poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends laughed at him. 2
In 1934, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he left, Xian
became the school’s best student and won several prizes for his talents.
The next year, he got back to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. 3 Although
there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important music there. Among
them, The Yellow River Chorus was one of the greatest pieces in the 20th century.
In May 1940, Xian Xinghai went to the Soviet Union (苏联) to write music for movies. 4 Later
he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40.
Xian Xinghai is a great man who is productive and talented in music. 5
A．He will live in people’s heart forever.
B．Life there was so hard that he got very sick.
C．Later, he came to Yan’an to teach music at a college.
D．In his short life, he wrote nearly 300 songs and an opera.
E．Xian Xinghai was talented in the violin or the piano at first.
F．However, Xian did not stop practicing and soon showed his talent.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国非常著名的音乐家冼星海。
1．根据“He has written many great pieces of music”可知，此处介绍他的作品数量。选项D“在他短暂
的一生中，他创作了近300首歌曲和一部歌剧。”符合语境。故选D。
2．根据“At first, his violin was so cheap and in a poor quality that he could not play it well. His friends
laughed at him.”以及“In 1934, he became the first Chinese student who studied in a special music school in
Paris.”可知，他没有因为朋友的嘲笑而放弃。选项F“然而，冼并没有停止练习，很快就展示了他的才
能。”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据“Although there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time, Xian still wrote some of his most important
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页 共 页music there.”可知，他来到了延安。选项C“后来，他来到延安的一所大学教音乐。”符合语境。故选
C。
4．根据“Later he died of a lung illness on October 30, 1945, aged only 40.”可知，他得了重病。选项
B“那里的生活很艰苦，他病得很重。”符合语境。故选B。
5．根据“In May 1940, Xian Xinghai went to the Soviet Union (苏联) to write music for movies.”可知，人
们将永远记得他。选项A“他将永远活在人们的心中。”符合语境。故选A。
八、阅读理解
（25-26九年级上·河南许昌·期末）The Invention of the Light Bulb
Before the light bulb was invented, people used candles, oil lamps, and gas lamps to light their homes.
These sources of light were not only dim but also dangerous, as they could easily cause fires. That all changed
in 1879, when Thomas Edison invented the first practical incandescent light bulb.
Edison was an American inventor who had more than 1,000 patents to his name. He spent years
experimenting with different materials to find a filament that could glow for a long time without burning out.
After testing more than 1,000 materials, he finally found that carbonized bamboo could last for more than 1,200
hours.
On October 21, 1879, Edison demonstrated his invention to the public. He lit a bulb in his laboratory, and
it stayed on for 40 hours. This was a major breakthrough, and it marked the beginning of the electric age.
The invention of the light bulb revolutionized the world. It made it possible for people to work and study
at night, and it improved safety by reducing the risk of fires. By the early 1900s, electric lights had replaced gas
lamps in most homes and cities. Today, we take electric lights for granted, but Edison’s invention changed the
way we live.
Edison continued to innovate throughout his life. He developed the first electric power system, which
allowed electricity to be distributed to homes and businesses. He also invented the phonograph and the motion
picture camera. But he will always be remembered as the inventor of the light bulb.
1．Who invented the first practical incandescent light bulb?
A．Alexander Graham Bell. B．Thomas Edison. C．Marie Curie. D．Isaac Newton.
2．When was the light bulb invented?
A．In 1878. B．In 1879. C．In 1880. D．In 1881.
3．How many materials did Edison test before finding the right filament?
A．More than 500. B．More than 800. C．More than 1,000. D．More than 1,200.
4．What was the problem with candles and gas lamps?
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页 共 页A．They were too bright. B．They were too expensive.
C．They were dim and dangerous. D．They were not available in all places.
5．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The life of Thomas Edison.
B．The invention of the light bulb.
C．The history of electric lights.
D．The importance of electricity.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电灯泡的发明历程，包括爱迪生为找到合适的灯丝材料所做的实
验，以及电灯泡发明带来的影响和意义，还提及了爱迪生其他的重要发明。
1．第一段提到“That all changed in 1879, when Thomas Edison invented the first practical incandescent
light bulb.”，明确说明是托马斯·爱迪生发明了第一个实用的白炽灯泡。
2．第一段指出“That all changed in 1879, when Thomas Edison invented the first practical incandescent
light bulb.”，表明电灯泡是在1879年发明的。
3．第二段提到“After testing more than 1,000 materials, he finally found that carbonized bamboo could last
for more than 1,200 hours.”，说明爱迪生在找到合适的灯丝材料前测试了超过1000种材料。
4．第一段提到“Before the light bulb was invented, people used candles, oil lamps, and gas lamps to light
their homes. These sources of light were not only dim but also dangerous, as they could easily cause fires.”，
说明蜡烛和煤气灯的问题是光线昏暗且危险。
5．文章开篇点明在电灯泡发明前人们使用的照明工具及其问题，接着详细讲述爱迪生发明电灯泡的
过程，最后阐述电灯泡发明带来的影响，整体围绕电灯泡的发明展开，所以文章主旨是电灯泡的发
明。
九、作文写作
榜样(role model) 不仅是一面镜子，还是一面旗帜。好的榜样激发我们对人生道路 和人生理想的思
考，给予我们自我完善的力量。假设你是李华，你校英文俱乐部举办题 为“A Role Model in My Life”
的征文活动。请你根据下面的提示写一篇演讲稿，向大家介绍你心中的榜样。
内容提示：
1. Who is your role model?
2. Why is he/she your role model?
3. How does your role model influence you in your daily life?
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页 共 页写作要求：1. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名；
2. 词数80个左右, 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone. I’m Li Hua.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Role models in life set good examples for us. Yao Ming is my role model in my life. He is my favorite
basketball player in the world. And he is known for his charity work. He founded his Foundation in 2008. He
has built five schools in Sichuan and other areas. He has offered lots of money to help the people in trouble.
He always asks us to protect the animals on the earth. I think he is very kind and helpful.
I must learn from him and help people in need around us. We’ll try our best to support him and make a
contribution to our society.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是演讲稿；
②时态：本文采用一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时；
③提示：注意语意连贯，语句通顺。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍自己的榜样，说出具体原因。
第二步，介绍榜样如何影响自己。
[亮点词汇]
①set examples for 树立榜样
②be known for以……被知晓
③in trouble在困境中
④try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
[高分句型]
①He has built five schools in Sichuan and other areas.(现在完成时)
②I think he is very kind and helpful.(宾语从句)
意，不得复制发布日期：2026/4/23 21:14:10；用户：
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