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义务教育教科书（五·四学制） 英语 八年级 下册
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丽 子
YIWU JIAOYU JIAOKESHU （WU-SI XUEZHI）
YINGYU
BA NIANJI XIA CE
义务教育教科书（五·四学制）
英语
八年级 下册
*
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2015
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版 2020
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致同学
亲爱的同学：
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英语学习的好帮手。
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编 者
II
Units
Topics
Functions
Structures
➊
When was he
born?
Page 1
People we admire
Talk about famous
people
Passive voice
Adverbial clauses with when
When / How long questions
➋
It’s a nice day,
isn’t it?
Page 9
Small talk
Make small talk
Tag questions
➌
Where would
you like to
visit?
Page 17
Vacations
Talk about places you
would like to visit
would like to and hope to for expressing
desires
Contents
III
Target Language
Vocabulary
Recycling
Who’s that?
T at’s Qian Xuesen. He is a space
scientist.
When was she born?
She was born in 1980.
How long did David Blaine stand in a
box of ice?
When did he start standing in the
box?
swimmer, born, ice, admire, means,
novel, works, grandson, skating,
lover, listener
stop, paint, publish, perform, enter
tower, besides, national, kind,
loving
get in trouble, drop out of school,
try every means to do, break up
basketball player, music, musician,
violinist, minute, photo, tower
play, stay, start, travel
dangerous, brave, high, kind,
famous
When questions
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
Yes, it is.
T e No. 15 bus stops here, doesn’t it?
Yes, it does.
You just started yesterday, didn’t you?
Yes, that’s right. No, I’ve been in this
school for two years.
noon, chemistry, rest, conversation,
stranger, secret, corner, community,
introduction, dialog, period, form,
business, worker, customer, subject,
chance
suggest, avoid
everyday, empty, helpful, light,
humorous, private, general
next to, wait in line, small talk,
break the ice
bus, train, weather, rain, umbrella,
party, music, culture
really, always, friendly, strict,
nervous
Where would you like to visit?
I’d love to visit Sanya.
Would you like to travel?
Yes. I hope to go to France some day.
fall, capital, church, survey, choice,
company
convenient, underground
translate, suppose, receive
take it easy, in general, as soon as
possible, dream of, be willing to,
hold on to
Brazil, vacation, mountain, shopping,
weather
dangerous, fun, relaxing, friendly
visit, travel, hope
IV
Units
Topics
Functions
Structures
➍
How can we
become good
learners?
Page 25
Learning how to learn
Talk about how to
study
Verb + by with gerund
➎
I think that
mooncakes are
delicious!
Page 33
Festivals
Give a personal
reaction
Objective clauses with that, if and
whether
Exclamatory statements
➏
Could you
please tell
me where the
restrooms are?
Page 41
Get ing around
Ask for information
politely
Follow directions
Objective clauses with wh- questions
V
Target Language
Vocabulary
Recycling
How do you learn English?
I learn by studying with a group.
Do you learn English by reading
aloud?
Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
How can I read faster?
You can read faster by reading word
groups.
How can I improve my
pronunciation?
One way is by listening to tapes.
textbook, conversation,
pronunciation, sentence, expression,
grammar, note, physics, partner,
speed, ability, brain, at ention,
knowledge
discover, repeat, pronounce,
increase, born, create, connect,
review
patient, active
aloud, wisely
pay at ention to, connect ... with
work, read, listen, ask, help,
study, watch, practice, improve,
understand, learn, develop,
remember, prepare
be interested in, be good at, in
common, get bored, find out, learn
from, fall in love with, because of
How questions
I know that the Water Festival is really
fun.
I wonder if they’ll have the races again
next year.
I wonder whether June is a good time
to visit Hong Kong.
I believe that April is the hot est
month in T ailand.
What fun the Water Festival is!
How pret y the dragon boats were!
relative, pound, dessert, garden, tie,
treat, bot om, picnic
steal, lay, express, smell
put on, lay out, take place, count
down, set off
fantastic, crowded, delicious, fun,
traditional, pretty, beautiful,
exciting, interesting, special,
popular
be similar to, remind ... of, so ... that
Excuse me, do you know where I can
buy some medicine?
Sure. T ere’s a supermarket down the
street.
Could you please tell me how to get to
the post office?
Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there.
I wonder where we should go next.
You should try that new ride over
there.
restroom, stamp, postcard, bathroom,
rush, staff , grape, policeman, east,
mall, clerk, corner, speaker, request,
direction, address, course
pardon, mail
central, polite, impolite, direct,
correct, underground
pass by, pardon me
money, magazine, dictionary,
dinner, newspaper, information,
town, shoes, bookstore, supermarket,
bank, park, ride, restaurant, library,
museum
post office
excuse me, go along, turn right/
lef , second/third fl oor, next to
Modal verbs
VI
Units
Topics
Functions
Structures
➐
I used to be
afraid of the
dark.
Page 49
How we have changed
Talk about what you
used to be like
Used to
➑
What are the
shirts made
of?
Page 57
T ings made in China
Talk about what
products are made of
and where they were
made
Passive voice (present tense)
Page 65
Notes on the Text
Page 76
Tapescripts
Page 87
Grammar
Page 91
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Page 100
Vocabulary Index
Page 108
Irregular Verbs
VII
Target Language
Vocabulary
Recycling
I used to be short.
I didn’t use to be popular in school.
You used to be short, didn’t you?
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Did he use to wear glasses?
Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
score, background, guard, speech,
public, ant, examination, pride
interview, dare, require, infl uence,
fail
silent, Asian, European, African,
British
absent, proud
seldom, exactly
from time to time, deal with, in
public, be proud of, in person,
take pride in
tall, short, outgoing, funny, shy,
serious, quiet, friendly, active,
brave, thin, strong, famous,
popular, afraid, normal
straight/curly hair, wear glasses,
pay at ention to
Present perfect tense
Are your shirts made of cot on?
Yes, they are. And they were made in
the US.
What’s the model plane made of?
It’s made of used wood and glass.
How is tea produced?
Tea plants are grown on the sides of
mountains.
When the leaves are ready, they are
picked by hand and then are sent for
processing.
chopstick, coin, fork, blouse,
silver, glass, cot on, steel, grass,
leaf, product, handbag, boss,
surface, material, traffic, postman,
cap, glove, balloon, scissors, heat,
Germany
produce, process, polish, complete
local, mobile, international
be known for, no mat er
stamp, wood, gold, paper, silk,
painting, tea, mountain, health,
business, camera, clothes, watch,
toy, kite, festival, competition, art,
bamboo
model plane
Objective clauses
Language
Goal:
Talk about
famous
people
1a
Talk about the famous
people you know. Add
their names to the list.
Listen and write the year the famous person was born under each photo.
1b
1c
Practice the conversation. T en make conversations about other famous
people.
Yuan Longping
Born:
agricultural scientist
Qian Xuesen
Born:
space scientist
Marie Curie
Born:
chemist and physicist
Wang Yaping
Born:
astronaut
e famous person was born under each photo.
1. Developed a new kind of rice and
helped reduce hunger.
2. Father of China’s Space Technology.
3. Won Nobel Prize twice.
4. China’s fi rst woman to walk in space
and to teach a live class from space.
1
When was he born?
UNIT 1
When was he born?
Section
A
UNIT 1
A: Who’s that?
B: China’s fi rst woman to walk in space. Do you know her?
A: Of course, Wa Yaping, an astronaut.
B: Yes, she was also the fi rst woman to teach a live class from space.
A: Really amazing. When was she born?
B: She was born in 1980.
a
b
c
d
2
UNIT 1
Listen and fill in the “How
long” column in the chart.
2a
2c
Fill in the blanks with
the information in the
chart in 2a. Practice
the conversation with
a partner. T en have
the same kind of
conversation about
David Blaine’s other
activity.
A: How long did David Blaine stand in a box of ice?
B: He stood in a box of ice for
days,
hours and
minutes.
A: When did he start standing in the box?
B: He started on
.
A: When did he stop?
B: He stopped on
.
Listen again and fill in the “Started” and “Stopped” columns in the
chart in 2a.
2b
2
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Tony: Hey, Andy. What are you watching?
Andy: Oh, it’s a show about people with great
talents. I really admire this guy.
Tony: Oh, who is he?
Andy: He’s a street artist. He paints pictures on
the ground or on buildings.
Tony: T e pictures look so real and 3D!
Andy: Yes, the pictures are fl at, but they look like they’re 3D.
Tony: When did he start painting these pictures?
Andy: I think he started about f
ive years ago.
Tony: How old was he when he started doing this?
Andy: Hmm…I guess he was about 20 years old when he started. He was still
a college student. He sometimes got in trouble for painting the buildings
at school!
Tony: I wonder if I can learn to paint like that. It’s so cool!
Andy: Well, I’m sure you can.
“
”
“
”
Who
Activities
How long
Started
Stopped
standing in a
box of ice
2 days, 15 hours,
and 42 minutes
standing on a
high tower
3a
Discuss the questions with your partner.
3b
Read the article and answer the questions below.
Lu Xun
Lu Xun, one of the greatest modern writers in China, was
born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1881, and died in
1936. T e name Lu Xun is a pen name.
In 1902, Lu Xun traveled to Japan to study, and later, in
1904, he became a medical student because he wanted
to improve Chinese people’s health and save their lives.
However, he changed his mind when he saw a photo of a Japanese soldier
killing a Chinese man and other Chinese in the photo just watching for fun.
He realized that the biggest problem in China was not people’s physical illness
but their spiritual illness. He then dropped out of the medical school in 1906,
and returned to China in 1909.
In 1918, with his friends’ help, Lu Xun joined a magazine called New Youth. He
published his first famous short story, A Madman’s Diary, in 1918. Af er that, Lu
Xun wrote a large number of literary works. His novels T e True Story of Ah Q and
T e New Year’s Sacrifi ce were later made into films. With his pen, he called on
the Chinese people to stand up and try every means to make China stronger.
Now his dream has come true.
As Lu Xun is a leading figure of modern Chinese literature, one of China’s top four
literature prizes, Lu Xun Literature Prize is named af er him. It has encouraged
many talented writers in China. His works continue to inspire us to this day.
1. Where and when was Lu Xun born?
2. When did he become a medical student?
3. Why did Lu Xun drop out of the medical school?
4. What are other literary works writ en by Lu Xun besides A Madman’s Diary?
5. What is Lu Xun Literature Prize for?
3c
Read the article again and complete the chart below.
3
When was he born?
UNIT 1
1. Do you know of any famous Chinese writers?
2. What do you know about China’s top four literature prizes?
When
What he did
1881
1904
dropped out of the medical school
1909
1918
4
UNIT 1
4b
4c
How old were you when you
started doing the things below?
Interview your classmates and
f
ind out who did each thing f
irst.
You are never too
young to start doing
things. For example, Shirley Temple became a movie star
.
Mozart started writing music
. And Mei Lanfang first
performed Beijing Opera
. And Ronaldo, the great Brazilian
soccer player, played for his first national team
.
4a
Write questions for these answers. Use the names in the box to help you.
1.
She was born in 1980 and is the fi rst woman to teach a live class from space.
2.
He was born in 1911 and is the “Father of China’s Space Technology”.
3.
She was born in 1867, and she won two Nobel Prizes.
4.
He was born in 1930, and he developed a new kind of rice and helped
reduce hunger.
Who’s that?
That’s Qian Xuesen. He is a space scientist.
When was she born?
She was born in 1980.
How long did David Blaine stand in a
box of ice?
He stood in a box of ice for 2 days,15
hours and 42 minutes.
When did he start standing in the box?
He started standing on May 22nd.
Grammar
F o c u s
Yuan Longping
Wa Yaping
Marie Curie
Qian Xuesen
Fill in the blanks
using the information
in the chart.
Names
Achievements
Ages
Shirley Temple
became a movie star
3 years old
Mozart
wrote music
4 years old
Mei Lanfang
performed Beijing Opera
10 years old
Ronaldo
played for a national team
17 years old
learned to ride a bike
f irst went to a movie
started learning English f irst had a birthday party
A: How old were you when
you learned to ride a bike?
B: I was 10 years old.
A: Oh, that’s early. How about
you, Li Tong?
B: I was eight when I learned
to ride a bike.
5
When was he born?
UNIT 1
Section
B
Look at these people. Under each picture, write
one or two words to describe the person.
1a
Listen. Two people are talking about people they admire. Circle the
words on the list in 1a that you hear.
1c
1b
Imagine you know the people in
the pictures in 1a. Tell your group
about the people.
Sarah
Vivian
Tony
Arthur
Listen again. Are these sentences about Midori or Laura? Write
M (for Midori) or L (for Laura) on the lines.
1d
1.
She’s a famous violinist.
2.
She was born in Osaka in 1971.
3.
She started ice-skating when she was four.
4.
I saw her play when I was eight.
5.
She’s a kind and loving grandmother.
6.
She was born in Russia in 1932.
7.
She won a skating competition when she was 10.
8.
She traveled around the United States when she was 14.
1e
Ask and answer questions
about Midori and Laura
using the information in 1d.
M
A: Arthur is a loving grandfather.
He spends all his free time
with his grandson.
A: Who’s Midori?
B: She’s a famous violinist.
A: When was she born?
B: She was born in 1971.
A: What did she do when she was 14?
B: ...
loving
kind
famous
friendly
creative
hard-working
shy
talented
6
UNIT 1
2a
Do you know of any famous pianists? What do you know about Chopin?
Share what you know with your partner.
2b
Skim the following paragraphs
and put them in order by
numbering them 1 to 3.
2c
Read the article and sum up the key information about Fryderyk
Chopin by completing the chart below.
In his later years, he enjoyed playing at his apartment for a few friends
more than giving big concerts. Chopin became seriously ill when he was
only 25 and continued to have bad health into his old age. In his last years, he
was very weak but kept on writing music until he died in 1849. T e world lost a
musical talent, but his spirit continues to live in his works today.
Fryderyk Chopin was a famous pianist and music writer.
Today many piano music lovers still listen to his famous
works such as Minute Waltz. He was born on March 1,
1810 in a small village in Poland. Everyone in Chopin’s
family was a musician. His father played the violin, and his
mother and sister played the piano. His family moved to
Warsaw when Chopin was seven months old.
When he was six years old, he started to take piano lessons. Soon he played
even better than his teacher. At that time, he also started to write music,
and began to give concerts when he was only seven! In 1825, when he was 15
years old, people said he was the best pianist in Warsaw. They called him the
poet of the piano because his music could touch the hearts of his listeners.
FINDING THE ORDER OF EVENTS
Writers describe events in a
certain order. Finding the order
of the events will help you
understand what you are reading.
When
What he did
In 1810
When he was seven months old
When he was six years old
A year later
In 1825
When he was 25 years old
In 1849
Fryderyk Chopin
7
When was he born?
UNIT 1
2d
Write a short
summary of
Chopin’s life by
answering the
following
questions.
3a
Read the information about John Lennon, a famous pop musician.
T en write an article about him.
Name: John Lennon
Year of birth: 1940
Place of birth: Liverpool in the UK
Childhood: Lived with aunt and uncle
Age 12: Began to play music
Teenage years: Started his first music group, T e Quarrymen
1960: T e Quarrymen became T e Beatles, one of the
most famous groups in music history. T is group
included his friend, Paul McCartney.
October 1962: T e group’s first song, Love Me Do, got to number 17 on the
music charts in the UK.
1970: T e Beatles broke up
1975: T e famous song, Imagine, by John Lennon got to number 6 on
the UK music charts.
December 8, 1980:
Died in New York
Not long after his death: Imagine entered the UK charts again and got to number 1.
John Lennon was born in 1940 in …
2e
Talk about a famous
star or an important
person in your group,
using the structures in
the box.
Who is he / she?
What is he / she?
When and where was he / born?
How old was he / she when he / she started ... ?
How long did he / she (do) ... ?
What made him / her famous?
Who’s Chopin?
When was he born?
Where was he born?
How old was he when he started playing the piano?
When did he start writing music?
How long did he play the piano and write music?
Why was he famous?
When did he die?
8
UNIT 1
Self Check
2 Match the question words and the rest of the question.
1
Answer the questions about these people. Use the information
in the chart below.
Jenny Zhang —
ice-skating
Billy Anders
—football
Tony Yu —
baseball
Helen Barth
—ping-pong
Start when she was five
1998
when he was 15
1988
Stop when she was 35
2011
when he was 38
2009
1. Q: How long did Jenny Zhang ice-skate?
A:
2. Q: When did Billy Anders start playing football?
A:
3. Q: How old was Tony Yu when he stopped playing baseball?
A:
4. Q: How long did Helen Barth play ping-pong?
A:
3 Use information in this unit or information that you know to
answer the questions in activity 2.
3b
Make notes about a famous or important person you know. Use the
following topics to help you. T en write a short article about him / her.
Personal information — name, age, place of birth, …
Reasons for being famous / important
Information about his / her family / friends
Important things that happened in his / her life
1. Who is…
2. When was …
3. When did…
4. How long did…
5. How old were…
a. you when you started speaking English?
b. Wang Yaping?
c. T e Beatles play together?
d. Midori start ice-skating?
e. Chopin born?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
9
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
UNIT 2
Language
Goals:
Make
small talk;
Introduce
people
1a
Listen and number the pictures above in the order you hear them.
1b
1c
Look at the pictures above and make other conversations. You can use
the expressions in the box.
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
Section
A
UNIT 2
He‛s really
good, isn‛t
he?
He sure is!
c
a
d
b
Do you sometimes talk with people you don’t know? T is kind of
conversation is called small talk. Circle the situations above where you
would start a conversation. Make a list of other places where you would
talk to people you don’t know.
on a bus
T e train is always late, isn’t it?
You love violin music, don’t you?
It looks like rain, doesn’t it?
You’re Tim’s cousin, aren’t you?
A: It looks like rain, doesn’t it?
B: Yes, it does. And I forgot my
umbrella.
10
UNIT 2
To have successful small talk, both people
need to ask questions. Listen to the three
conversations. Are they examples of
successful (S) or unsuccessful (U)
conversations?
2a
Listen to Conversation 3 again. Put the
sentences and questions below in order.
2b
Conversation 1
Conversation 2
Conversation 3
U
A. (Opening Question)
(1)
B. (Answer)
(2)
(Question)
(3)
A. (Answer)
(4)
B. (Question)
(5)
A. (Answer)
(6)
(Question)
(7)
a. I hope so. I want to go swimming.
b. Yes. It rains every Saturday!
c. At Franklin Lake.
d. Oh? Where do you swim?
e. Do you think it’ll stop by noon?
f. It always rains on the weekend, doesn’t it?
g. Do you ever go there?
f
Peter: Hello. My name’s Peter.
Mike: Hi, Peter. Nice to meet you. I’m Mike.
Peter: Oh. You’re Mike. You just started yesterday, didn’t you?
Mike: Yes, that’s right. Today’s my second day.
Peter: So, what do you think of our school?
Mike: Mmm. It’s very nice, isn’t it?
Peter: Yes. T e students are very friendly. But you haven’t met your teachers yet,
have you?
Mike: No, I haven’t. Are they strict?
Peter: Well, the chemistry teacher Miss Wu is kind of strict, but the rest are OK.
Mike: T at’s good. And the school’s very big, isn’t it?
Peter: Yes. T is is the biggest school in town. You have an elder sister, don’t you?
Mike: No, my sister’s younger than me.
Peter: Oh, I see. Anyway, I have a class now, so see you later!
Mike: Sure. See you later!
2c
Imagine you are at a bus stop. Make your own small talk. You can use
the expressions in the box.
2d
Role-play the conversation.
It’s really cold today, isn’t it?
T e No. 15 bus stops here, doesn’t it?
A: It’s really cold today, isn’t it?
B: Yes, it is. I hope the bus comes soon.
3a
Number the paragraphs of the article in
the correct order.
3b
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
3c
Help Ben and Tania. Complete the questions below. T en write three
more conversation starters. Use the topics in brackets.
11
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
UNIT 2
Alone among strangers:
Dealing with a difficult situation
Ben isn’t the only person that has
experienced this situation. Something similar has probably happened to most
of us before. It’s natural to feel unsure of ourselves when starting conversations
with strangers. A good starting point is to ask the person questions about
himself or herself, or talk about something you both like such as football or
pop music. T is can make social situations more relaxed. T en you’ll be glad
you went to the party.
Finally, I turned to the person next to me and introduced myself. “Hi,”
I said. “My name’s Ben.” “Hi, I’m Tania,” the person replied shyly. T en there
was a long silence as I kept trying to think about what to say next. I felt more
and more nervous and the other person was looking uncomfortable, too. In
the end, all I could say was, “Well, it was nice meeting you,” and I quickly
walked away. I felt so embarrassed that I lef the party.
It was Friday night and I could hear loud music and people talking
as I walked through the door. My friend saw me and came over. “Hey, Ben!
T anks for coming to my party!” he said. “T anks for inviting me. It looks
like a great party,” I replied. But I had a secret feeling of fear. I realized that I
didn’t know anyone there. I moved towards the drinks table and got a drink.
T en I nervously stood in a corner, not quite sure what to do.
1. Where was Ben?
2. Why was he scared and nervous?
3. What happened when Ben tried to talk to Tania?
4. What does the writer suggest for Ben’s situation?
T is is a really good party,
?
You are a friend of David’s,
?
(weather)
?
(food at the party)
?
(a music group)
?
4a
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate tag questions. T en match the
questions and answers by writing the correct let er af er each question.
4b
Write the sentences in the correct
places in the conversation.
4c
Make up a conversation for two of the situations.
• Playing in the park
• Meeting a group of friends at the
shopping center
• Waiting in line at the movie theater
• Meeting at a dining hall
12
UNIT 2
1. You at ended the community event on Friday, a. Yes, it was. I was going to go out,
?
but decided to stay home.
2. You’re on the school basketball team, b. Yes, I do. It’s quite diff erent from
?
my last school.
3. You like our school,
?
c. No, I didn’t. Was it good?
4. It was really cold last night,
?
d. No, we haven’t. I just moved
here two weeks ago.
5. We haven’t met before,
?
e. Yes, I am. I’m on the tennis team, too.
Which beach do you usually go to?
You, too. Goodbye.
I’m going to the beach today.
Oh, it’s crowded there, isn’t it?
A: T is is great weather, isn’t it?
B: It sure is. But it’s a lit le hot for me.
A: Oh, I love hot weather. (1)
.
B: Which beach are you going to?
A: I’m going to Today Beach. (2)
?
B: I usually go to Sandy Beach.
A: (3)
?
B: No, it’s never crowded. Oh, my bus is here. Well, have a good day!
A: (4)
.
B: Goodbye.
Grammar
F o c u s
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
Yes, it is.
You weren’t at the party, were you?
Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
The No. 15 bus stops here, doesn’t it?
Yes, it does.
You don’t live here, do you?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
You just started yesterday, didn’t you?
Yes, that’s right. / No, I’ve been
in this school for two years.
You haven’t met your teachers yet, have you?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
A: It’s hot today, isn’t it?
B: Yes, I’m glad we’re inside.
A: It’s a perfect day for
shopping in a cool
shopping center.
13
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
UNIT 2
Section
B
Check (✔) the questions you think are good for
polite small talk with people you don’t know well.
1a
c
a
d
b
Do you like
action
movies?
How much did
that shirt cost?
You’re Anna’s
brother, aren’t
you?
How big is
your flat?
Listen to the three
conversations. Where are
the people in each
conversation? Write the
places in the chart.
1c
1b
Make up a conversation using one of the
questions in 1a. T en practice the
conversation with your partner.
1e
Role-play a small talk conversation. You can choose one of the openers
below.
A: Do you like action movies?
B: No, but I love comedies.
Listen again. Match each question with the correct answer.
1d
Questions
Answers
1. You’re Jenny’s friend, aren’t you?
2. So, tell me about yourself, Rita. Do you
play any sports?
3. What do you think of the school?
4. You’ve always been in this school, haven’t
you?
5. It’s really crowded, isn’t it?
6. Did you see Friday night’s game on TV?
a. Yes, it is. Are you a ball game fan?
b. No, I haven’t. I started here last
year.
c. It’s great.
d. Yes, I am. My name is Rita.
e. Yes, I did. It was really exciting,
wasn’t it?
f. Yeah! I play tennis and ping-pong.
d
Names
Where?
Conversation 1
at a party
Conversation 2
Conversation 3
A: T is is a great party,
isn’t it?
B: Yes, it is.
1. Hi! You’re new here, aren’t you?
2. T is is a great party, isn’t it?
3. Hi! My name’s Andy. I’m Karen’s brother.
4. You love baseball games, don’t you?
14
UNIT 2
2a
When Chinese people meet each other for the first time, what do they
usually talk about? Discuss it with a partner.
2b
Read the first sentence of each paragraph from an article about small
talk. What do you think the paragraphs will be about? Match each
paragraph [A-E] with a heading below [1-5].
PREDICTING USING TOPIC SENTENCES
The first sentence of each paragraph is usually the
topic sentence. Reading the topic sentence can give us
an idea of what the paragraph will be about. When we
read we should try to anticipate what will come next.
This means we should always be thinking ahead about
what will be next in the reading passage.
1. Cultural diff erences
2. Cultural similarities
3. What is small talk?
4. What should we talk about?
5. An everyday activity
Introduction to “small talk”
A.
Small talk is relaxed dialog that helps people pass the time when they meet others.
Empty silences of en make us feel nervous so this is a way of filling those periods. In
English, people of en say it “breaks the ice”. You can make small talk when waiting in
line at an airport or bus stop. T ough the things we talk about are not usually
important, small talk itself is. It makes others feel relaxed and it passes time nicely.
B.
For some, small talk is a common form of communication. Business travelers, for
example, always meet new people and usually make small talk before discussing
serious business. T ey might be asked about how they got to the meeting or if
their hotel is comfortable. Workers in shops or restaurants also find small talk
helpful when they are serving customers.
C.
People make small talk in almost every country. What they say may be very
different, but the basic rules of small talk are of en the same. In most cultures, it is
important to smile and keep the conversation light and humorous. Making other
people smile can make them feel relaxed.
D.
T ings we should not discuss can also depend on culture. In China, we can ask
people if they are married or whether they have children. However, many Western
people think these are private subjects, so they should be avoided. Also, the
common Chinese greeting “Have you eaten yet?” would seem strange to an
English-speaking person.
E.
T erefore, we should usually discuss “safe” subjects like the weather, which is
common in many cultures. People in England of en talk about the weather, probably
because it changes so much. However, the most important thing is to give the
other person a chance to speak and listen to what they have to say.
15
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
UNIT 2
2c
Look again at the topic sentences. In which paragraph do you expect to
find the answer to the following questions?
Paragraph
: What do people of en talk about in England? Why?
Paragraph
: How does small talk make other people feel?
Paragraph
: What kind of people use small talk in their jobs?
Paragraph
: Which common questions in China might not be right for
other countries?
Paragraph
: Which rules of small talk are the same in most cultures?
Paragraph
: Where do people of en make small talk?
2d
Now read the whole article to answer the questions in 2c.
2e
Look at the list of subjects. What questions could you ask to start some
small talk about each subject?
travel
pets
television
sports
work
weather
general news music
hobbies
food
holidays
films
books
studies
3a
T ink of situations where you have to make small talk. What are good
things to talk about? What things should you not talk about? Put the
phrases in the correct box.
weather
family problems
in a bookstore with a stranger
a first meeting for a school club
in the school hall with a classmate
jobs
at a party
money
someone you like/hate
favorite things
TV shows or movies
Situations
Safe subjects
Subjects to avoid
16
UNIT 2
3b
Write a short article for a school magazine giving advice about small talk.
Self Check
2 Complete the tag questions.
1
Write the answers.
3 For each question above, write a possible situation in which you
would use it for small talk. T en write one more conversation
starter for each situation and a response.
1. It’s cold today,
?
2. T is dish doesn’t taste very good,
?
3. You’re Mike’s cousin,
?
4. You haven’t seen this exhibition yet,
?
5. Our English lesson was fun today,
?
6. You’re not from here,
?
7. T is bus stops near the museum,
?
8. You want to go to the movie tonight,
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
At a park: The fl owers are so beautiful, aren‛t they? Yes, they are.
T ree things you can talk about during small talk:
T ree things you shouldn’t talk about during small talk:
Useful language:
Do you know how to make successful small talk?
Here are some tips and advice.
You may need to make small talk when
.
It is a good idea to
.
You should / shouldn’t talk about
because
.
When / If you
, you could talk about
.
Small talk is easy if
.
1. Describe the
diff erent situations
for small talk.
2. Give advice about
what to talk about.
3. Write a short sample
dialog.
17
Where would you like to visit?
UNIT 3
Language
Goal:
Talk about
places you
would like
to visit
Where would you like to visit?
Section
A
UNIT 3
1a
Write adjectives to describe the vacations in the
picture below. Use adjectives from the box and
other adjectives you know.
beautiful
relaxing
tiring
dangerous
educational
peaceful
fascinating
interesting
fun
boring
thrilling
exciting
Listen. Where would Sam and Gina like to go on vacation? Why?
Fill in the chart.
1b
1c
Look at the vacation posters in 1a. Practice conversations with your
partner. T en tell which place you would like to visit and why.
Where would
you like to go on
vacation, Sam?
I‛d like to trek through the jungle,
because I like exciting vacations.
Persons
Places
Why
Sam
Brazil
likes exciting vacations
Gina
Vacation 1
Vacation 2
relaxing
18
UNIT 3
Listen and number these statements in the order you hear them.
2a
2c
Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.
Listen again. Why do the people decide not to visit these places?
Match each place with a reason.
2b
I love places where the people
are really friendly.
I hope to see Niagara Falls
some day.
I like places where the weather
is always warm.
I hope to visit Hawaii one day.
1
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Sam: Hey, Meili. What would you
like to do this vacation?
Meili: I’d like to go traveling with my
parents.
Sam: Where would you like to visit?
Meili: I’d like to visit Sanya.
Sam: Wow, sounds like fun! So why do you want to go to Sanya?
Meili: I think Sanya is very beautiful and the people there are very friendly.
Sam: T at’s true. But do you know there are too many tourists there in this season?
Meili: Really?
Sam: Yes, and the weather in Sanya is too hot at this time of year. It would be
bet er to visit it in winter.
Meili: Ah, maybe that’s a bet er idea.
Places
Reasons not to visit the places
1. Hawaii
2. Mexico
3. Niagara Falls
a. We don’t know the language.
b. It’s too touristy.
c. T ere’s not much to do there.
A: I hope to visit Hawaii some day.
B: I do, too. I like places where the weather is always warm.
3a
What do you like best? Make a list of things you like and things you
don’t like about the city. T en talk with your partner about it.
3b
Read this newspaper article.
Circle the things you like about Paris.
Underline the things you don’t like.
3c
Imagine you will visit a foreign country this summer. Fill in the chart
with your ideas and then discuss them with your partner.
Travel Spotlight: Paris
For your next vacation,
why not consider visiting
Paris? Paris is the capital
of France and is one of
the liveliest cities in
Europe. It doesn’t have
any beaches or mountains,
but there are still many
things to do there. For
example, it has some
fantastic sights, including
the Eiffel Tower and the
Notre Dame Cathedral,
one of the most famous
churches in the world.
Traveling around Paris
by taxi can cost a lot of
money, but it’s usually
convenient to take the
underground train to
most places. In general,
though, France is quite
an expensive place. One
thing that is not expensive
in France, however, is the
wine!
Most people in France
have learned English. But
many people don’t like to
speak English, especially
in Paris. So unless you
speak French yourself, it’s
best to travel with someone
who can translate things
for you.
19
Where would you like to visit?
UNIT 3
Plans
Reasons
Where to visit
How to go
What to do
Things you like
Things you don’t like
(city name)
Where would you like to visit?
I’d like to visit Sanya.
Where would you like to go on vacation?
I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.
What would you like to do this vacation?
I’d love to go traveling with my parents.
Would you like to travel?
Yes. I hope to go to France some day.
4a
Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
4c
What would your partners like to do on vacation? Do a survey and then
report your findings to the class.
through hope take where visit
1. T e train is going
a beautiful forest on the way to the city.
2. A:
would you like to go for vacation?
B: Hawaii.
3. I’d like to
the underground train to the airport.
4. I
to go to Shanghai some day.
5. I’d love to
Hong Kong as it is one of the liveliest cities
in the world.
Grammar
F o c u s
4b
Practice the conversation in the box. T en make new conversations
with the given information.
20
UNIT 3
A: Where would you like to go,
Kathy?
B: I’d like to visit Kunming.
A: Isn’t it supposed to be very
hot?
B: Yes, it is. I’m only going to
pack light clothes.
Kunming is also beautiful,
and it has lots of wonderful
sights.
Hong Kong / very crowded / interesting /
great entertainment
Mexico City / relaxing / exciting / lots to do
New York / touristy / fascinating /
wonderful galleries
Sydney / expensive / beautiful / fantastic beaches
Names
What to do
Reasons
A: Where would you like to go?
B: I’d like to go somewhere warm.
A: What else can you tell me?
B: I don’t want ...
21
Where would you like to visit?
UNIT 3
Section
B
Brainstorm a list of things that are important to you
when you choose where to go on vacation.
1a
Places
Weather
Transportation
near the ocean
not too hot
by plane
Jeff has a summer job at a travel agency. Listen to the conversations and
number the pictures [1-3] in the order you hear them.
1b
Listen to the conversations again and complete the chart.
1c
1d
Make up conversations using the information in 1c. You may begin like
the following.
Wants
Doesn’t want
Customer 1
to go somewhere warm
Customer 2
Customer 3
22
UNIT 3
2a
T ink of an example of a hope and a dream. Do you think hopes and
dreams are the same?
2b
Read slowly. Underline the
information that you think is
important to remember.
A HOPE
A DREAM
I’d love to sail across the Pacific.
We all dream about things that we would
like to do and things we hope to achieve
in the future. But are everybody’s dreams the same? Here are some of the findings
of a survey about hopes and dreams, in which thousands of students across China
took part.
What are the hopes of teenagers?
We received several diff erent answers to the
question: What would you like to do af er
finishing your education? It seems some
students would like to start work as soon as
possible, so that they can help provide bet er
lives for their parents. Other students hope
to continue studying af er finishing school
and to go to university. Although money is
important, many teenagers said they wanted to do jobs they enjoy. According to
the survey, the most popular choice of job is computer programming.
What are the dreams of teenagers?
Teenagers have all kinds of dreams. Some are more realistic than others. For
example, many students said they would like to be volunteers for Hope Project.
And quite a few said they dream of going to the moon one day.
According to the survey, less realistic dreams are also common, but many students
reported that they were willing to work hard to achieve their dreams. Quite a few
dream of becoming famous, perhaps famous sportspeople or singers. Some said
they’d love to go on exciting trips; one student said she’d love to sail across the
Pacific Ocean. And then there are dreams that are impossible; three students said
they’d like to be able to fl y!
Conclusion
It was clear from the survey that teenagers have similar hopes. It seems that most
students hope to have a good education and find a good job. On the other hand,
students dream of very diff erent things: good things, and even crazy things. It is very
important to dream, so hold on to your dreams; one day they may just come true.
My dream is to
meet a famous
person.
I hope to do
well in my school
studies.
? H
f h fi di
READING WITH FOCUS
1. Adjust the speed you read according to
the amount of detail you need to take in.
2. Underline key points as you read to
remember what you read.
3. Read faster the second time you read.
1. Is there anyone in the world who does not hope or dream?
2. Might the dreams of Chinese teenagers be diff erent from Western teenagers’?
3. Can dreams come true?
23
Where would you like to visit?
UNIT 3
2c
Read only the parts you underlined. Do you get a clear picture of the
content? If not, read it again slowly and underline more key points.
2d
Read faster for the second time. How many of the questions can you
answer without looking back at the passage?
2e
Look at the passage and check your answers.
2f
Discuss the following questions in small groups with reference to the
passage.
3a
Write down a dream you have. Share your thoughts with a friend who
might help you see how you could achieve this dream. Together list the
small steps you could take to do so.
EXAMPLE:
Dream: I‛d love to have my own company one day.
I can achieve that
1. by working hard at school to learn as much as I can
2. by fi nding out how successful people did it
3. by choosing to study the right subjects at university
4. by having a “winner‛s” attitude: I can do this!
Questions
Answers
1. Why do some students want to
start work as soon as possible?
2. What is important to students
about the work they do?
3. What example is given of an
impossible dream?
relaxing exciting educational beautiful cold hot crowded expensive
24
UNIT 3
3b
Complete the survey using words from the box and other words. T en
survey three students. Agree on the best place to go.
An ideal place for
a school trip
You
(student’s name)
(student’s name)
(student’s name)
Qufu in Shandong
educational
The Great Wall in Beijing
The Stone Forest in Yunnan
Self Check
2 Which of these places would you like to visit most? Write an
article about why you would like to go there.
1
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. Could you
me with information about student exchange
programs?
2. My mother is going to
Beijing Duck tonight. Would you like
to come for dinner?
3. I’m
my money so I can buy a new bicycle.
4. Shanghai is cold at this time of year. You need to
warm clothes
if you go there.
5. We’re going to Africa on vacation. We
to see some elephants.
me with information about student exc
hope
pack
save
provide
cook
I‛d like to go to Paris. I think it is the most beautiful place in the
world. I hope to visit …
25
Language Goal:
Talk about how
to study
How can we become good
learners?
Section
A
UNIT 4
1c
Make conversations about how you study for a test.
A: How do you study for a test?
B: I study by working with a group.
1a
Check (✔) the ways you study English. Th en add
other ways you sometimes study.
Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write lett ers from 1a above.
1b
1. Meiping
2. Peter
3. Tony
I study by making
word cards.
a. by working with friends
b. by making word cards
c. by reading the textbook
d. by listening to tapes
e. by asking the teacher for help
26
UNIT 4
Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above.
2b
a. Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot that way.
b. Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.
c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.
d. No. It’s too hard to understand spoken English.
2c
Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.
A: Have you ever studied with a group?
B: Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot that way.
Listen and check
(✔) the questions
you hear.
2a
Questions
Answers
1.
Does anyone learn English by watching
videos?
2.
Do you have conversations with friends
in English?
3.
What about listening to tapes?
4.
What about reading aloud to practice
pronunciation?
5.
Have you ever studied with a group?
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Jack: Annie, I’m a little nervous. I have
to finish reading a book and give a
report next Monday.
Annie: Th at doesn’t sound too bad.
Jack: But I’m a very slow reader.
Annie: Just read quickly to get the main ideas
at first. Don’t read word by word. Read word groups.
Jack: But I don’t understand many of the words. I have to use a dictionary.
Annie: Try to guess a word’s meaning by reading the sentences before and aft er
it. You probably understand more than you think.
Jack: Th at sounds difficult!
Annie: Well, be patient. It takes time. You can become bett er by reading
something you enjoy every day. Th e more you read, the faster you’ll be.
27
How can we become good learners?
UNIT 4
3a
Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions.
3b
Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching
movies. Use words and phrases from the passage.
1. I can understand the meaning by watching their
and the
on their faces.
2. I can get the meaning by listening for just the
.
3. My pronunciation improved by listening to the
in English
movies.
4. I learned
sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves
you right” .
5. I can find the meaning of new words by looking them up in a
.
1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?
2. What did she do in English class?
3. What is the secret to language learning?
How I Learned to Learn English
Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. Th e teacher
spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask
questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just hid behind my textbook and
never said anything.
Th en one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this
exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. Although
I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the
expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. I also realized I could get
the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as
well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening
to something interesting is the secret to language learning. I also learned useful
sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I did not understand
these sentences at first. But because I wanted
to understand the story, I looked them up in a
dictionary.
Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn
new words and more grammar so that I can have a
bett er understanding of English movies.
28
UNIT 4
I learn English by ...
My partner
learns English by ...
yes
no
how often
yes
no
how often
doing grammar exercises
taking notes in English
reading English novels/magazines
keeping a diary in English
using an English dictionary
...
How do you learn English?
I learn by studying with a group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
How can I read faster?
You can read faster by reading word groups.
How can I improve my pronunciation?
One way is by listening to tapes.
Grammar
F o c u s
4c
Check (✔) what you
do to learn English.
Th en interview your
partner.
4a
Match the questions and answers.
1. How do you practice speaking?
a. By watching English programs.
2. How do you learn new words?
b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.
3. How do you improve your writing?
c. By having conversations with friends.
4. How do you practice listening?
d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.
5. How do you improve your pronunciation?
e. By making word cards.
6. How do you learn grammar?
f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.
A: Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?
B: Yes, I do.
A: How oft en do you do them?
B: ...
4b
Make sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects
in the box and information that is true for you.
math
physics
chemistry
Chinese
history
geography
e.g. I usually practice my English by
taking notes / reading books and newspapers /
speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.
29
How can we become good learners?
UNIT 4
Section
B
1e
Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d.
A: I don’t have a partner to practice English with.
B: Maybe you should join an English club.
Learning English can be difficult. What things
are difficult for you? Read the list. Check (✔) the
statements that are true for you.
1a
I can’t pronounce some of the words.
I can’t always understand spoken English.
I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.
I can’t spell some English words.
I oft en make mistakes in grammar.
1b
What other things are difficult for you? Make a list.
1.
2.
3.
I don‛t know enough words to write well.
Listen again. Complete the solutions.
1d
Solutions
1.
can help.
2. He can always
in his notebook and review them from time to time.
3. He can
to practice speaking.
4. He should fi nd a
to practice writing.
Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the
learning challenges he talks about.
1c
Challenges
1. He can’t get the
right.
2. He
a lot of new words.
3. He can’t always
when people talk to him.
4. He doesn’t get much
practice.
30
UNIT 4
2a
What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss
them with your partner.
How Can You Become
a Successful Learner?
Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Research
shows that successful learners have some good habits in common.
Creating an interest in what they learn
Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active
and it is also easier for you to pay att ention to it for a long time. Good learners
oft en connect what they need to learn with something interesting. For example, if
they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English
songs or watch sports programs in English. Th is way they will not get bored.
Practicing and learning from mistakes
Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.
Remember, “Use it or lose it.” Even if you learn something well, you will forget it
unless you use it. “Practice makes perfect.” Good learners will keep practicing what
they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Alexander Graham Bell
did not invent the telephone overnight. He succeeded by trying many times and learning
from his mistakes.
Developing their study skills
It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way they can study.
For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind
maps. Th ey also look for ways to review what they have learned. Th ey may do this by
reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student.
Asking questions
Good learners oft en ask questions during or aft er
class. Th ey even ask each other and try to find out
the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning.
Learning is a lifelong journey because every day
brings something new. Everything that you learn
becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn
wisely and learn well.
2b
Read the passage quickly and check if any of the habits you listed in 2a
are mentioned. Which four habits of successful learners can you find
from the passage?
d
l
i
h bit R
h
USING DICTIONARIES
This can help you fi nd the
defi nition that matches the
context of the word in the text.
31
How can we become good learners?
UNIT 4
3a
Your friend wants to improve his/her English and asks you for help. What
are the three best ways to learn and why? Make some notes in the chart.
Best ways to learn
Reasons
Examples
1. Being interested in what
you do
If you are interested in
something, your brain will
be more active and ...
If you like music, you can
learn English by listening to
English songs.
2.
3.
2c
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. Does the writer think that everyone is born with the ability to learn well?
Do you agree? Why or why not?
2. Why is it a good idea to connect something you need to learn with
something you are interested in?
3. What do the sayings “Use it or lose it” and “Practice makes perfect” mean?
Do you agree with them?
4. Do good learners learn from mistakes, or are they afraid of making
mistakes?
5. What study skills does the writer talk about? Do you have those study
skills?
6. Do you agree that learning is a lifelong journey? Why or why not?
2d
Look up the following words from the passage in the dictionary. Th en
write a sentence for each word.
brain n.
connect v.
overnight adv.
att ention n.
review v.
knowledge n.
ability n.
active adj.
wisely adv.
e.g. brain: A good way to train the brain is to do some math exercises every day.
2e
Do you think you are a good learner? What learning habits do you think
are useful? Discuss with your group and share your ideas with the class.
32
UNIT 4
3b
Write a lett er to your
friend. Give him/her
some advice about the
best ways to learn
English. Use your notes
in 3a.
Use the following expressions to help
you:
There are three good ways to ...
I think you should ...
If you do this, you will ...
It is also a good idea to ... because ...
You could try to improve your English by ...
This will help you to ...
Self Check
3 Give advice to these people.
1. Jane is a very slow reader.
She should improve her reading speed
.
2. Li Ming wants to improve his listening.
He could practice his listening
.
3. Meiping doesn’t know many English words.
She could learn more words
.
1
Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
Are you stressed out each time you have a test? You don’t have to be
if you
smart study skills. Remember to
in
class and review them on your own or with friends aft er class. Th en
what you learned by doing exercises. Try to study and
information bit by bit instead of waiting
the
last minute to study
at once. If you
well for a
test, then there’s nothing to
!
practice
develop
remember
prepare
take notes
until
worry about
everything
2 Number these sentences in order to make a conversation.
What’s the matt er?
Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over
again until I can understand everything.
So you want to practice your listening?
Hi, Jake. I need your help.
Uh-huh. Do you have any advice?
OK, I’ll try that.
I have a listening test next week.
33
Language Goal:
Give a personal
reaction
I think that mooncakes are
delicious!
Section
A
1a
Match the pictures with the descriptions.
1. Bill doesn’t think that the races were interesting to watch.
T F
2. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.
T F
3. Bill wonders whether they’ll have zongzi again next year.
T F
4. Bill and Mary believe that they’ll be back next year to watch the races. T F
Listen and circle T for true or F for false.
1b
1c
Talk about the festivals in 1a.
A: What do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival?
B: I love the races. I think that they’re fun to watch.
1.
Th e Water Festival in Th ailand
2.
Th e Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong
3.
Th e Chinese Spring Festival in Beijing
4.
Th e Lantern Festival in Jiangxi
c
a
d
b
What a great
day! What did you
like best?
I loved the races!
But I guess it was a
little too crowded.
UNIT 5
34
UNIT 5
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Listen to the conversation between Wu Ming and Harry and circle the
correct words in the sentences.
2a
1. Wu Ming and Harry are cousins / strangers / friends.
2. Wu Ming went to Singapore / Hong Kong / Macao for his vacation.
3. Wu Ming visited his relatives / friends / classmates.
4. Wu Ming liked eating out / shopping / the Dragon Boat Festival best.
Wu Ming did a lot of fun activities, but there were also downsides.
Listen again and fill in the chart.
2b
Fun activities
Downsides
Eating out
Shopping
Dragon Boat Festival in June
2c
Role-play conversations between Wu Ming and Harry. Use the
information in 2a and 2b or make your own conversations.
A: What did you do on your vacation?
B: I visited my cousins. I think that we ate five meals a day!
I’ve put on five pounds!
A: I guess the food was delicious, right?
Clara: Guess what? I’m going to Chiang
Mai in two weeks.
Ben: Wow, sounds like fun! But I believe
that April is the hott est month of the
year there.
Clara: Yes, that’s true. But there’s a water
festival there from April 13th to 15th.
Ben: I wonder if it’s similar to the Water
Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.
Clara: Yes, I think so. Th is is the time of the Th ai New Year. People go on the
streets to throw water at each other.
Ben: Cool! But why do they do that?
Clara: Because the new year is a time for cleaning and washing away bad
things. Th en you’ll have good luck in the new year.
35
I think that mooncakes are delicious!
UNIT 5
3b
Read the passage again. Put the events in the correct order.
Pang Meng tried to steal the medicine.
A goddess thanked Hou Yi by giving him magic medicine.
Chang’e refused to give Pang Meng the medicine and drank it all.
Hou Yi shot down the nine suns and saved the people on the earth.
Hou Yi was very sad and watched the moon at night, and wished his
wife could come back.
As a result, Chang’e became light and flew up to the sky.
Hou Yi planned to drink the medicine with his wife.
1
3c
Without looking at the passage, try to complete the sentences with the
correct words.
1. People like to a
the full moon on the Mid-Autumn night.
2. The story of Chang’e is one of many t
folk stories.
3. Hou Yi got m
medicine for shooting down the nine suns.
4. Pang Meng wanted to s
the medicine.
5. Hou Yi l
out fruits and desserts in the garden.
3a
Read the passage about the Mid-Autumn Festival and answer the
questions.
1. How do people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival?
2. What story is the reading about?
Full Moon, Full Feelings
Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying
mooncakes for centuries. Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon on the
Mid-Autumn night. They carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.
There are many traditional folk stories about this festival. However, most people
think that the story of Chang’e is the most touching. Chang’e was Hou Yi’s beautiful
wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess gave him magic medicine
to thank him. Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to drink
it with Chang’e. However, a bad man, Pang Meng, tried to steal the medicine when
Hou Yi was not home. Chang’e refused to give it to him and drank it all. She became
very light and flew up to the moon. Hou Yi was so sad
that he called out her name to the moon every night.
One night, he found that the moon was so bright and
round that he could see his wife there. He quickly laid
out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden. How
he wished that Chang’e could come back!
After this, people started the tradition of admiring the
moon and sharing mooncakes with their families.
36
UNIT 5
I know that the Water Festival is really fun.
What fun the Water Festival is!
I wonder if they’ll have the races again
next year.
How fantastic the dragon boat teams
were!
I wonder whether June is a good time to
visit Hong Kong.
How pretty the dragon boats were!
I believe that April is the hottest month in
Thailand.
How delicious the food is in Hong
Kong!
Grammar
F o c u s
4b
Read the passage below and underline the objective clauses. If possible,
write your own sentences about Mother’s Day and Father’s Day using
objective clauses.
Dear Xia Yu,
Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America? One is
Mother’s Day on the second Sunday of May, and the other is Father’s Day on
the third Sunday of June. On these two days, American children oft en give gift s
to their parents or take them out for lunch or dinner. Common gift s are fl owers
and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. I heard that it is becoming
more and more popular to celebrate Mother’s Day and Father’s Day in China. I
wonder if children over there also give similar gift s to their parents. I believe that
there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we don’t have to spend a lot of
money. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.
June
4c
Which festival do you like best? Ask your group and report to the class.
e.g. In our group, David‛s favorite festival is ... He thinks that ...
4a
Write sentences using the words given.
1. think / Lantern Festival / beautiful
2. don’t know / whether / he / come home / for the festival
3. believe / Water Festival / most / fun
4. wonder / if / mooncakes / delicious
5. how / exciting / races
6. what / nice / a / treat
I think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful.
37
I think that mooncakes are delicious!
UNIT 5
Section
B
Look at the pictures and words related to the
Lantern Festival. What do you think about it?
1a
lantern
happy and excited
dragon dance
lion dance
guess the riddles
sweet rice balls
lunar month
best wishes for
Listen and answer the questions.
1b
1. When is the Lantern Festival?
2. How do people celebrate this festival?
3. What are the riddles about?
4. What do people think about this festival?
Listen again and fi ll in the blanks.
1c
1. Th e Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the
in China.
2. You can see all kinds of
. And you can also see
and
dances.
3. Th e lantern riddles are usually about
,
and
for the future.
4. People always eat tangyuan,
. People
believe that tangyuan shows family love and
.
1d
Th ink about the Lantern Festival activities that interest you most.
Discuss what you have learned with a partner.
A: What have you learned about the Lantern Festival?
B: Oh, I know it’s one of the most popular festivals in China and it falls
on the 15th day of the fi rst lunar month.
A: What do you like most about this festival?
B: I think it’s a great fun to guess lantern riddles!
38
UNIT 5
New Year Celebrations around the World
New Year is a wonderful time when family and friends come
together to say goodbye to the old year and welcome the
new one. People all around the world celebrate the New
Year with music, special food, and fi reworks, though the
celebration may take place at diff erent times.
In the UK, many people gather in London on December 31 to see the famous Big
Ben clock tower and count down to midnight. Research suggests that millions also
watch it on TV. At midnight they sing Auld Lang Syne, a traditional Scot ish song,
to remember friends and family. In the US, people have similar customs. A famous
tradition involves the dropping of a big ball in New York’s Time Square. Huge
crowds gather to watch, and when the ball reaches the bot om, everyone wishes
each other “Happy New Year!”
T e Chinese New Year, or the Spring Festival, holds great importance in China.
People sweep out dust from their houses, hang couplets, set off fi reworks, and enjoy
lion or dragon dances. One very important custom is for people to return home and
enjoy the family dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival. Grandparents, parents,
and children gather to eat delicious food and express best wishes for the whole
family. T is reunion shows that family is hugely important in Chinese culture.
In Egypt, people celebrate Sham El-Nessim in April to mark the beginning of
spring. T e name of the festival means “smelling the breeze”. At this time, the
weather becomes brighter, and the fl owers and trees begin to show their colors.
People paint eggs as symbols of new life and new beginnings. T ey also go out and
enjoy picnics, dance, sing, and watch plays in the theater.
Although New Year festivals are diff erent all over the world, they have one thing in
common. In almost every country, people believe that it is a special time to connect
with their family and friends and show hope for the coming year.
2b
Read the text and fi nd out which countries’ New Year celebrations are
mentioned.
2a
How does your family celebrate New Year? Name some customs. Which
one is your favorite?
Identifying text
organization
Finding main ideas
in paragraphs
helps understand
text organization.
39
I think that mooncakes are delicious!
UNIT 5
2d
Complete the table with the information from the text.
New Year Celebrations
Country
Time
Activity
3a
Your English-speaking pen pal wants to know about your favorite
Chinese festival. Make some notes about the festival.
What is the name of the festival?
When is it?
What do people eat?
What do people do?
Why do you like it so much?
2e
Use your own words to introduce a New Year festival to a partner.
2c
Match each paragraph with its main idea.
A. People around the world celebrate New Year, but at
diff erent times.
B. New Year celebrations around the world have something
in common—they involve friends and family.
C. Th e Spring Festival is the most important festival for
Chinese people.
D. In the UK and the US, celebrations take place around
midnight on New Year’s Eve.
E. In Egypt, Sham El-Nessim marks the beginning of spring.
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
40
UNIT 5
Use the following expressions to
help you:
My favorite Chinese festival is ...
It is celebrated in/on ...
During this festival, people ...
It‛s my favorite festival because ...
It makes me feel ...
3b
Write a lett er to your pen pal and tell
him/her about your favorite Chinese
festival. Use your notes in 3a.
In your letter:
First, introduce the festival and
when it is celebrated.
T en talk about what people
do and eat.
Finally, explain why you like it
best and how it makes you feel.
Self Check
2 Rewrite these sentences as exclamations.
1. Th e mooncakes are delicious. ➠
!
2. Th e festival will be fun. ➠
!
3. Th is concert is boring. ➠
!
4. I’m really excited. ➠
!
5. Th e band played really loud music. ➠
!
3 Make sentences about a festival/festivals you like using these
words + that/whether/if.
I think
.
I know
.
I believe
.
I wonder
.
1
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
Th e Chongyang Festival, also known as the Double Ninth Festival,
on the ninth day of the ninth
month. It is a day for people to show
respect for their elders. Th ere are several
that are tied to this ancient
festival. Th e most popular activity is to go walking in the hills or mountains.
People oft en go with their elderly family members to enjoy the beauty of nature.
Th ey believe it can help to bring good health. It is also traditional to
the chrysanthemums in the parks and gardens. In fact, chrysanthemums
have long been connected with the idea of long life and health in Chinese
culture. During this festival, people eat a
called Chongyang cake.
Th e customs of this festival all
people’s health, so it is also a day to
remind people of the importance of health and family.
o
r
f
P
T
t
h
c
T
admire
dessert
lunar
take place
tradition
involve
41
Language Goals:
Ask for
information
politely;
Follow directions
Could you please tell me
where the restrooms are?
Section
A
UNIT 6
1c
Make conversations using the information in 1a. Th en talk about your
own town/city.
A: Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore?
B: Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street. Th e
bookstore is on your right, beside the bank.
A: Th anks. Do you know when the bookstore closes today?
B: It closes at 7:00 p.m. today.
1a
Where can you do the things below? Match each
thing with a place in the picture. Many diff erent
answers are possible.
Listen and complete the conversations in the picture in 1a.
1b
get some money
get some information about the town
get some magazines
buy a newspaper
have dinner
buy some stamps
get a dictionary
get a pair of shoes
b
c
a
e
d
b
f
Excuse me,
do you know where I
can
(4)
?
Sure. There‛s
a
(5)
on
(6)
.
Yes. There‛s
a
(2)
on
(3)
.
Excuse me, could
you tell me where
I can
(1)
?
42
UNIT 6
Listen again. Draw a line in the picture above to show how the boy
walks to the supermarket.
2b
A: Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcards?
B: Sure. Go to the second fl oor. Th ere’s a bookstore between the bank
and the supermarket.
2c
Make conversations about the other places in the picture in 2a.
Listen. You will hear some of the
directions below. Number the directions
in the order you hear them.
2a
Go to the third fl oor.
Turn left .
Go to the second fl oor.
Turn right.
Th e supermarket is between the
fl ower store and the bookstore.
Go past the bookstore.
1
2d
Role-play the conversation.
He Wei: Th is is Fun Times Park, the biggest
amusement park in our city!
Alice:
I’m excited to try the rides!
He Wei: What should we start with?
Th ere’s Space World, Water
World, Animal World ...
Alice:
Before we decide, could you first
tell me where the restrooms are?
He Wei: Pardon? Restroom? You want to rest? But we haven’t even started yet!
Alice:
Oh no, I don’t mean that. I mean ... you know, a washroom or bathroom.
He Wei: Hmm ... so you mean ... the toilet?
Alice:
Yes! Sorry, maybe people in China don’t oft en use the word “restroom”
when they speak English.
He Wei: Th at’s right. In China, we normally say “toilet” or “washroom” in English.
Anyway, they’re over there.
Alice:
OK. I’ll be quick!
He Wei: No problem. You don’t need to rush!
43
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
UNIT 6
3a
Read the conversation and answer the questions below.
Fun Times Park — Always a Fun Time!
[Alice and He Wei are in Space World.]
Alice:
I wonder where we should go next.
He Wei: How about that new ride over there?
Alice:
Well ... it looks scary.
He Wei: Come on! I promise it’ll be exciting! If you’re scared, just shout or hold
my hand.
[Af er the ride …]
Alice:
You were right! Th at was fun! I was scared at first, but shouting did help.
He Wei: See, that wasn’t so bad, right? You never know until you try something.
Alice:
Yes, I’m so glad I tried it!
He Wei: Do you want to go to Water World now?
Alice:
Sure, but I’m gett ing hungry. Do you know where we can get some good
food quickly?
He Wei: Of course! I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World. It serves
delicious food.
Alice:
Great! Let’s go!
[On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob’s.]
Alice:
Look! Th is restaurant looks interesting. Th e sign says a rock band plays
here every evening.
He Wei: Why don’t we come back here for dinner later? Let’s ask what time the
band starts playing.
[Alice and He Wei walk up to a staff person at the door.]
He Wei: Excuse me, could you tell us when the band starts playing this evening?
Staff :
Eight o’clock. Th e restaurant is always busy at that time, so come a litt le
earlier to get a table.
He Wei: OK. Th ank you!
1. Why did Alice not want to go on the new ride? How did she feel
aft er the ride?
2. What is special about Uncle Bob’s restaurant? Should Alice and
He Wei get there early for dinner? Why?
3b
Underline the questions or statements in the conversation that ask for
information. Rewrite them in a diff erent way.
e.g. I wonder where we should go next.
Could you tell me where we could go next?
44
UNIT 6
Excuse me, do you know where I can buy
some medicine?
Sure. There’s a supermarket down the
street.
Could you please tell me how to get to
the post offi ce?
Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there.
Could you tell us when the band starts
playing this evening?
It starts at 8:00 p.m.
I wonder where we should go next.
You should try that new ride over there.
Grammar
F o c u s
4b
What should each person ask in the following situations?
1. Tim is very hungry.
Could you tell me where I can get something to eat?
Excuse me, can you tell me how I can get to a nearby restaurant?
Pardon me, do you know if there‛s a restaurant around here?
2. Sally needs to mail a lett er.
3. Helen needs to know when the bike shop closes.
4. Ben is wondering if there’s a bank in the shopping center.
4c
Write four questions that a tourist might ask about your town/city.
Th en role-play conversations with your partner.
1.
?
2.
?
3.
?
4.
?
A: Excuse me, could you please
tell me where the nearest
bank is?
B: Sure. You go east along this
street ...
4a
Rewrite the questions to make them more polite.
1. Where can I buy some grapes or other fruit?
2. How does this CD player work?
3. How do I get to the Central Library?
4. Is the Italian restaurant nearby open on Mondays?
45
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
UNIT 6
What qualities are important for each place? Write
the words from the box next to each place below.
Write the most important words first.
1a
Places
Qualities
1. restroom
clean,
2. museum
3. restaurant
4. park
5. subway
6. mall
interesting fascinating
inexpensive quiet
uncrowded big
beautiful
convenient
safe
clean
Section
B
1e
Role-play the
conversations
between the clerk
and the tourists.
A: Can you tell me where there’s a good
place to eat?
B: Of course. What kind of food do you like?
A: ...
Listen to the conversations and complete the sentences.
1c
Conversation 1
Th e boy asks about
, and the clerk tells him to go to Green Land.
Conversation 2
Th e girl asks about
, and the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market
and Middle Streets.
Conversation 3
Th e mother asks about
. Th e father wants to go to a
museum.
Th e younger girl wants to go to a
museum. Th e boy wants to go to a
museum. Th e older girl wants to go to an
museum. Th e
clerk suggests they go to the
museum.
1b
Talk about places in your city using the
words in 1a.
A: Th e Fine Arts Museum is
really interesting.
B: Yes, and it’s beautiful, too.
Listen again. Check your answers in 1c.
1d
46
UNIT 6
2b
Read the article and underline the topic sentence for each paragraph.
2a
Where do you need to make polite requests? Th ink of some possible
situations. Discuss them with your partner.
Could You Please ...?
When you visit a foreign country, it is
important to know how to ask for help
politely. For example, you may ask “Where
are the restrooms?” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” Th ese
are similar requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less
polite. Th at is because it is a very direct question. It is not enough to just ask a
question correctly. We also need to learn how to be polite when we ask for help.
Good speakers change the way they speak in diff erent situations. Th e expressions
they use might depend on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each
other. It is all right to ask direct questions to your classmates because you know
them well. However, if you say to your teacher, “When is the school trip?”, this
might sound impolite. But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know when
the school trip is?”, this will sound much more polite.
Usually polite questions are longer. Th ey include expressions such as “Could you
please ...?” or “May I ask ...?” It sounds more polite to say, “Peter, could you please
tell me your e-mail address?” than “Peter, tell me your e-mail address.” Sometimes
we even need to spend time leading into a request. For example, we might first say
to a stranger, “Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me” or “I’m sorry to trouble you,
but ...” before asking for help.
It might seem more difficult to speak politely than directly. However, it is important
to learn how to use the right language in diff erent situations. Th is will help you
communicate bett er with other people.
USING SUITABLE LANGUAGE
In different situations, you
need to choose and use
suitable language based on
cultural knowledge.
Pardon me, could you
please tell me where to
park my car?
Sorry. I can‛t help you.
Where‛s the post offi ce?
Sure. There‛s an underground
parking lot over there.
47
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
UNIT 6
3a
Imagine you are going on a short study vacation at a school in an
English-speaking country. What would you like to know before you go?
Write some polite, indirect questions about the following topics.
Topic
Question
The course you will study
The time of the course
Where and what you can eat
Where you will stay
What activities you can do
Travel to the school
Other
2c
Find all the direct questions and polite requests from the passage.
Direct questions
Polite requests
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
2d
Read the requests below. In the second column, write A if you would
say it to someone you know and B if you would say it to a stranger. In
the last column, write where you think these people are.
Request
Person
Place
1.
Will you pass the salt?
2.
Do you know where I can change some money, please?
3.
Could you tell me what just happened?
4.
Can you please tell me where the nearest station is?
5.
Excuse me, do you know what time it begins, please?
6.
Let me know when you’re ready, OK?
7.
Could you possibly tell me the way to the village school?
48
UNIT 6
3b
Write a polite lett er to the school
asking for the information you
want to know. Use your notes in 3a.
Self Check
1
Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
.
In your lett er, you should:
• introduce yourself
• say when you are coming
• politely ask for information
• thank the person for helping you
corner
direct
polite
rush
suggest
plan
2 Write questions and answers using the words given.
1. A: Could you tell me where the library is?
B: It’s on the
of Main and Center Streets.
2. A: I wonder why you don’t wake up earlier in the morning. You’re always
in a
to get to school on time.
B: Yes, you’re right. I need to
my time bett er.
3. A: I want to buy some winter clothes. Could you tell me which place
would be a good choice for me to go to?
B: I
Jenny’s Clothes Store in Century Shopping Mall. It’s
convenient to get to.
4. In many countries, it is oft en not
to ask very
questions when you meet someone for the first time.
1. buy a magazine / bookstore on the third fl oor
Q:
A:
2. get some stamps / post office on Green Street
Q:
A:
3. shopping center opens / 10:00 a.m.
Q:
A:
4. get to the Japanese restaurant / go along Main Street and turn right on
Lake Street
Q:
A:
Could you please tell me where I can buy a magazine?
There‛s a bookstore on the third fl oor.
Use the following expressions to help you:
My name is ... and I‛m from ...
I‛ll be coming to your school for ...
I‛d like to know about ...
I would like to thank you for ...
I‛m looking forward to your reply.
49
Language Goal:
Talk about what
you used to be
like
I used to be afraid of the dark.
Section
A
UNIT 7
1c
Look at the picture in 1a
and make conversations.
1a
Fill in the chart with words to describe people.
A: Did Mario use to be short?
B: Yes, he did. He used to be really short.
A: What’s he like now?
B: He’s tall now.
Listen. Bob is seeing some friends for the first time in four years. What
did his friends use to look like?
1b
1. Mario used to be
. He used to wear
.
2. Amy used to be
. She used to have
hair.
3. Tina used to have
and
hair.
Appearance
Personality
tall
outgoing
straight hair
funny
Mario, you used to
be short, didn‛t you?
Yes,
I did.
50
UNIT 7
Listen and check (✔) the words you hear.
2a
friendly
outgoing
serious
humorous
silent
active
brave
quiet
helpful
2c
Make conversations about
Paula using the information
in 2b.
A: Paula used to be really quiet.
B: I know. She was always silent in class.
Listen again and complete the chart about how Paula has changed.
2b
In the past
Now
1. Paula used to be really
. She
was always silent in class. She wasn’t
very
. She was never brave
enough to ask questions.
2. She got good grades in
.
She was also good in
. She
used to play the
.
1. Now she’s more interested in
. She plays
almost every day. She’s also on a
team.
2. She still plays the
from
time to time.
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Alfred: Th is party is such a great idea!
Gina: I agree. It’s been three years since we last
saw our primary school classmates.
Alfred: It’s interesting to see how people have
changed.
Gina: Billy has changed so much! He used to be
so shy and quiet.
Alfred: Yeah, his face always turned red when he talked to girls!
Gina: I used to see him reading in the library every day.
Alfred: Th at’s because he was a really good student. He studied hard and got
good scores on his exams.
Gina: Did he use to wear glasses?
Alfred: Yes, and he used to be thin, too. But look how big and strong he is now!
Gina: He’s so popular now.
51
I used to be afraid of the dark.
UNIT 7
3a
Read the article and identify
the paragraphs in which the
following information
appears. Number the
information [1–3].
3c
Suppose you are the interviewer and your partner is Candy. Ask and
answer questions.
how Candy’s life has changed
Candy’s advice to young people
Candy’s background
3b
Read the article again and complete the sentences about Candy.
1. She used to be shy, but now she’s not shy
.
2. She didn’t use to be
in school, but now she gets lots of att ention.
3. She used to
with friends, but it is almost impossible now.
4. She didn’t use to
how she appears to others, but now she
does.
From Shy Girl to Pop Star
1 For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop
star Candy Wang. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing
to deal with her shyness. As she got bett er, she dared to sing in front of her class,
and then for the whole school. Now she’s not shy anymore and loves singing in
front of crowds.
2 I asked Candy how life was diff erent aft er she became famous. She explained
that there are many good things, like being able to travel and meet new people
all the time. “I didn’t use to be popular in school, but now I get tons of att ention
everywhere I go.” However, too much att ention can also be a bad thing. “I
always have to worry about how I appear to others, and I have to be very careful
about what I say or do. And I don’t have much private time anymore. Hanging
out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always
guards around me.”
3 What does Candy have to say to all those young people who want to become
famous? “Well,” she begins slowly, “you have to
be prepared to give up your normal life. You can
never imagine how difficult the road to success
is. Many times I thought about giving up, but
I fought on. You really require a lot of talent
and hard work to succeed. Only a very small
number of people make it to the top.”
52
UNIT 7
Grammar
F o c u s
I used to be short.
I didn’t use to be popular in school.
Paula used to be really quiet.
She didn’t use to like tests.
You used to be short, didn’t you?
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Did he use to wear glasses?
Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
4c
Which of these things did you use to be afraid of? Which ones are you
still afraid of? Check the boxes and then ask your partner.
Me
My partner
I used to be
afraid of ...
I’m still
afraid of ...
My partner
used to be
afraid of ...
My partner is
still afraid of
...
the dark
being alone
fl ying
high places
giving a speech in public
4b
Look at the
information
and write
sentences
about Emily.
Five years ago
Now
didn’t eat a lot of vegetables
loves carrots and tomatoes
listened to pop music
enjoys country music
watched scary movies
hates scary movies
didn’t read a lot of books
reads at least six books a year
e.g. Emily didn‛t use to eat a lot of vegetables, but now
she loves carrots and tomatoes.
4a
Write sentences about the past using used to.
1. Grace / watch a lot of TV / watch a lot of movies
2. my mom / have curly hair / have straight hair
3. Jerry / read books on European history / read books on African culture
4. Sandy / teach British English / teach American English
Grace used to watch a lot of TV. She didn‛t use to watch a lot of movies.
53
I used to be afraid of the dark.
UNIT 7
Check (✔) the things you used to like when you
were a child.
1a
1b
What other things did you use to like when you were a child? Write
sentences in the box above. Th en discuss them with a partner.
Section
B
Listen and check (✔) the sentences you hear.
1c
1.
I didn’t use to like tests.
3.
I used to hate P.E. class.
2.
We used to walk to school. 4.
I used to be on the soccer team.
1e
Compare yourself with your partner.
A: I used to be nervous about
tests all the time. What about
you?
B: Yes, me too. And I used to ...
Listen again. What do the girl and the boy say about things in the past
and now? Fill in the chart.
1d
In the past
Now
Girl
I didn’t use to like
.
I don’t worry about
.
We used to wear
to
school.
We can wear
to school.
Boy
We used to
every day
aft er school.
We
all the time.
I used to hate
.
I
P.E. class.
P.E. class
painting pictures
music class
ants and other insects
54
UNIT 7
He Studies Harder T an He Used to
Li Wen is a normal 15-year-old boy from
the countryside. He works very hard and
does well in school. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.
When he was a lit le boy, he seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a
lot of time together.
. His parents moved to the city to look for
jobs, and his grandparents came to take care of him. But he missed his parents so
much and he of en felt lonely and unhappy.
Li Wen’s unhappiness began to infl uence his schoolwork. He became less interested
in studying. Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.
Finally, Li Wen’s parents made the decision to send him to a boarding school.
However, Li Wen was shy and was not able to make friends quickly in school. He
found life there difficult. One day he told his teacher that he wanted to leave the
school.
and she called his parents. She advised them to talk with
their son in person. So his parents took a 24-hour train and a 5-hour bus ride to get
to Li Wen’s school.
. “It was exactly what I needed,” he said. “Now I understand
that even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me. T ey take pride in
everything good that I do.”
Af er that, Li Wen’s parents had much more communication with their son than they
used to.
. He became more
outgoing and made some good friends in
school. He even joined the school basketball
team and became active in many other
activities. “I’m much happier now, and I
work even harder than I used to. I know my
parents love me and they’re always proud
of me,” says Li Wen. “It’s very important for
parents to be there for their children.”
2a
Li Wen is a 15-year-old boy from the countryside. His parents are
working in the city. Look at the title of the passage and the picture
below. What problems do you think he might have?
2b
Read the passage and put the sentences [A—D] in the correct places.
h
d t h
diffi
lti
i
h
l
USING CONTEXT
Using the sentence context
may help you guess and learn
the meanings of new words
and phrases.
55
I used to be afraid of the dark.
UNIT 7
3a
Write notes about how you have changed in your appearance,
personality and hobbies. Th en talk with a partner about your changes.
2c
Read the passage again and underline the problems that Li Wen used to
have.
2f
What do you think Li Wen and his parents talked about in their
conversation? Write a conversation and role-play it with your group.
Th ink of the following things:
T ink of the following things:
• Possible questions Li Wen might ask his parents
• Questions his parents might ask Li Wen
• Possible answers from Li Wen and his parents
Missing language
A. Th ey had a long talk
B. Now Li Wen has really changed
C. However, things began to change a few years ago
D. His teacher was worried about him
2d
Use clues from the passage to help you guess the meanings of the words
in the box.
infl uence
absent
boarding school
in person
2e
Complete the passage with the proper forms of the words and phrases
in the box.
Li Wen is a 15-year-old boy. He works hard and does well in school. It is hard to
believe that he used to have difficulties in school. When his parents moved to
the city to work, they could not be at home to
him. So
he became less interested in studying and
classes. Th en
his parents
to send him to a boarding school. He found
life there difficult. One day he told his teacher he wanted to leave the school. His
teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in person. Th is conversation
his life. He realized that his parents would always love
him, and they would
everything good that he did. Now
he is much happier and more outgoing than he used to be.
be proud of / take pride in
make a decision / decide miss / be absent from
change / infl uence look aft er / take care of
56
UNIT 7
3b
Write about how you have changed. What did you use to be like? Which
change is the most important one, and why?
Try to write two paragraphs.
Paragraph 1: General introduction about the changes in your life
Paragraph 2: Th e most important change and how it happened
How I’ve Changed!
My life has changed a lot in the last few years. I used to
.
Now I‛m
.
The biggest change in my life was
.
This is the most important change because
.
Self Check
1
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
2 What did you use to be like when you were in primary school?
Complete these statements.
I used to wear
.
My hair used to be
.
I used to watch
.
I used to play
.
I used to be
.
silent
require
absent
fail
interview
take pride in
be proud of
in person
infl uence
humorous
seldom
1. Th e mother traveled for many hours to return home to talk to her child
.
2. He used to be a very quiet teenager. He remained
most of the
time and
talked to other people.
3. If you are always
from class, you will
the
examinations.
4. Th e teacher
helping his students win the English competition.
5. Kate’s grandparents have had a great
on her.
6. Th at British teacher is very
. He always tells us interesting jokes.
7. People are usually
to give a general self-introduction in a job
.
8. Tina played very well in the basketball game and her parents
her.
57
Language Goal:
Talk about what
products are
made of and
where they were
made
Section
A
UNIT 8
What are the shirts made of?
1a
What are these things usually made of? Match them
with the materials. More than one answer is possible.
Listen and match the products
with what they are made of
and where they were made.
1b
Things
Made of
Made in
shirts
cott on
South Korea
chopsticks
silver
Th ailand
ring
steel
America
1c
Practice the conversation in 1a. Th en make conversations using the
information in 1b.
A: Th is ring looks nice. Is it made of silver?
B: Yes, and it was made in Th ailand.
Things
Materials
1. chopsticks
4. stamp
2. window
5. fork
3. coin
6. blouse
a. wood
d. paper
b. gold
e. silk
c. silver
f. glass
Hmm ... yes,
I think it‛s quite pretty.
Is it made of silver?
Hey, do you think
this ring looks OK?
Yes, and
it was made in
Thailand.
58
UNIT 8
Listen again. Write short answers to the questions.
2b
1. Where is the art and science fair?
2. Do Nick and Marcus have to pay to go?
3. What is the model plane made of?
4. What is the painting made from?
2c
Make conversations using the
information in 2a and 2b.
A: What did you see at the
art and science fair?
B: I saw ...
A: What is it made of/from?
B: ...
Listen and check (✔) the main topic of Nick and Marcus’ conversation.
2a
the science museum
the art and science fair
environmental protection
a model plane
a beautiful painting
grass and leaves
2d
Role-play the conversation.
Pam:
China is famous for tea, right?
Liu Jun: Yes, both in the past and now.
Pam:
Where is tea produced in China?
Liu Jun: Well, in many diff erent areas. For
example, Anxi and Hangzhou are
widely known for their tea.
Pam:
How is tea produced?
Liu Jun: Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent
for processing.
Pam:
What happens next?
Liu Jun: Th e tea is packed and sent to many diff erent countries and places
around China.
Pam:
It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.
Liu Jun: Yes, people say that tea is good for both health and business!
59
What are the shirts made of?
UNIT 8
3a
Read the passage. What two things did
Kang Jian want to buy in America? Where
were they made?
3c
Read the passage again and write what the words in bold refer to.
those (products):
those (countries):
it:
they:
T e Difficult Search for
American Products in the US
If you go to another country, what kinds of things would you buy? Would you buy
a camera in Japan, some beautiful clothes in France, or a watch in Switzerland? No
mat er what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those
countries. However, you could be wrong. Kang Jian is a 17-year-old student from
Shanghai. Last year he went to visit his aunt and uncle in San Francisco. He found it
interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. “I wanted
to buy a toy car for my cousin, but even though most of the toys were American
brands, they were made in China.”
Toys are not the only things made in China. “I wanted to buy a pair of basketball
shoes,” he explains. “But I had to visit five or six stores before finding a pair made
in America!” He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made
in China. “In fact,” he continues, “there were many other things there made in
China — footballs, handbags, pet food, mobile phones. Even American fl ags are
made in China!” Kang Jian thinks it’s great that China is so good at making these
everyday things. More importantly, China is also making more high-technology
products that people can buy and use in all parts of the world.
3b
Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Where did Kang Jian go to visit his aunt and uncle?
2. What did he discover in the toy stores?
3. Why did he have to visit many stores before buying a pair of basketball shoes?
4. What did he realize af er his shopping experiences?
5. Why do you think so many products in America are made in China? How
do you feel about this?
60
UNIT 8
Are your shirts made of cotton?
Yes, they are. And they were made in the US.
What’s the model plane made of?
It’s made of used wood and glass.
Where is tea produced in China?
It’s produced in many different areas.
How is tea produced?
Tea plants are grown on the sides of
mountains. When the leaves are ready, they
are picked by hand and then are sent for
processing.
Active Voice: People grow tea in Hangzhou.
Passive Voice: Tea is grown (by people) in Hangzhou.
Grammar
F o c u s
4c
Ask five classmates about something they are wearing or have in their
schoolbags. Th e list of words below may help you.
pencil, jacket, sweater,
T-shirt, shoes, cap,
gloves, ring ...
A: What’s your pencil made of?
B: It’s made of wood.
A: Where was it made?
B: It was made in Shanghai.
4a
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. People under 18
(not allow) to drive in China.
2. We
(pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3. A: What language
(speak) in Germany?
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
4. Most of the earth’s surface
(cover) by water.
5. Th e classroom
(clean) by the students every day.
4b
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains.
2. Th is shop uses the best materials to make dresses.
3. Th e judge punished the careless driver for the traffi c accident.
4. Th e postman brings lett ers and postcards to people’s homes.
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very oft en.
The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.
61
What are the shirts made of?
UNIT 8
Section
B
Do you know how to fl y a kite? What are kites made
of? Write down some materials used in making kites.
1a
1e
Role-play a conversation
between Laura and Zheng
Yun using the information
in 1b–1d.
A: Where did you go on vacation?
B: I went to an international kite festival.
A: Th at sounds interesting. What did
you see there?
B: ...
Listen again. Fill in the blanks with what you hear.
1d
1. Weifang is a city in Shandong. It is famous for
.
2. Th e international kite festival is held in
every year.
3. Th e competitors at the festival are from
.
4. Th ere are
for the best kites.
5. Some of the kites Zheng Yun saw were made of
. Some were
painted with colorful
.
Listen and write L for Laura or Z for Zheng Yun.
1c
1.
went on a vacation to Weifang.
2.
wants to know more about the kite festival.
3.
saw many diff erent kinds of kites at the festival.
4.
didn’t know that kite fl ying could be so exciting.
5.
wants to learn to fl y a kite.
1. Laura is trying to find out more about
.
A. what Zheng Yun did on his vacation
B. what Zheng Yun thinks about Weifang
2. Zheng Yun tells Laura
about
.
A. a kite festival
B. how to make a kite
Listen to a conversation between Laura and Zheng Yun and circle
the correct answers.
1b
62
UNIT 8
2a
What do you know about folk or traditional art, like paper cutt ing? Tell
your partner about it.
2b
Read the passage and complete the chart below.
MOVING FROM GENERAL TO SPECIFIC
A general introduction of the topic is
usually followed by specifi c details and
examples.
Traditional art form
Materials used
1.
2.
3.
Beauty in Common Th ings
Each diff erent part of China has its
own special forms of traditional art.
Th ese usually try to show the things that are important in life, such as love, beauty
and family. Th e most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned
into objects of beauty.
According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by
Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in
trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other
celebrations. Th ey are made of bamboo and covered with
paper. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air
like small hot-air balloons for all to see. Th ey are seen as bright
symbols of happiness and good wishes.
Paper cutt ing has been around for over
1,500 years. Paper cutt ing sounds very easy but it can be difficult
to do. Th e paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors.
Th e most common pictures are fl owers, animals, and things
about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put
on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good
luck and a happy new year.
Chinese clay art is famous because
the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. Th e
pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from
a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. Th e pieces are
carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay
and then allowed to air-dry. Aft er drying, they are fired
at a very high heat. Th ey are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks to
complete everything. Th ese small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese
people have for life and beauty.
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What are the shirts made of?
UNIT 8
2c
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. What do traditional Chinese art forms try to show?
2. What were sky lanterns used for before and what are they used for now?
3. What kinds of pictures are usually found on paper cutt ings?
4. How do people use paper cutt ings during the Spring Festival?
5. What are the steps for making clay art pieces?
6. Which art form do you think is the most interesting? Why?
3a
What are some special things that your town/city is famous for?
Th ese can be food, artwork or any other products. Discuss them with
a partner and take notes.
What the product is
What it is made of/from
Who it is made by
Where it is made
What it can do
Why it is special
2e
Discuss the questions in your group.
1. Which art form do you think is the easiest? Which is the most difficult? Why?
2. Which art form would you like to learn? Why?
2d
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the phrases in the
box.
such as
turn ... into
send out
cover with
rise into
put ... on
1. People used to
sky lanterns when they were in
trouble. But today, people light the lanterns and watch them
the sky with their wishes.
2. Th e art of paper cutt ing
a simple thing like a piece
of paper
a beautiful piece of art. People oft en
these art pieces
the doors, windows
and walls of their homes to celebrate the Spring Festival.
3. To make Chinese clay art, the clay is shaped by hand into things
cute children or characters from Chinese fairy tales
and stories. Th ey are then
paint.
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UNIT 8
Self Check
1
List some things you use every day. Write down what they are
made of/from and where they were made.
Things
Made of/from ...
Made in ...
2 Use the information above to write full sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3 Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in
brackets.
1. Cheese
(make) from milk.
2. Parents and students
(invite) to the school concert last
night.
3. Th e underground parking lot
(close) at midnight every day.
4. Th ere is a lot of research on how languages
(learn).
5. Some classic films
(show) at that cinema last week.
3b
Write a paragraph about the product. Use your notes in 3a.
Use the following expressions to help you:
My town/city is famous for ...
... is famous in my town/city.
... is/are made of/from/with/by/in ...
... is/are used for ...
... is/are known for ...
... is/are special because ...
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Notes on the Text
Notes on the Text
Unit 1
When was he born?
1. In 1918, with his friends’ help, Lu Xun joined a magazine called New Youth.
1918年，在他朋友的帮助下，鲁迅加入了《新青年》阵营的战斗行列。
1915年9月15日，《新青年》的创刊号（原名《青年杂志》）发行。直到1918年5月，
鲁迅才在《新青年》上发表《狂人日记》。从此，他加入《新青年》阵营的战斗行列，投
入到新文化战线上彻底地不妥协地反封建的洪流。
介词with在这儿表示原因，意思是“因为；由于”。例如：
With Tom away, there’s more room in the house.因为汤姆不在，家里宽敞了一些。
2. He published his first famous short story, A Madman’s Diary, in 1918.
1918年，他出版了他的第一部短篇小说《狂人日记》。
《狂人日记》是鲁迅创作的第一部短篇白话文日记体小说，也是中国第一部现代白话
小说，写于1918年4月。
3. With his pen, he called on Chinese people to stand up and try every means to
make China stronger. 他用他的笔呼吁中国同胞站起来，想方设法让中国变得更加强大。
call on 意为“呼吁；号召；要求”。例如：
The PE teacher calls on the students to do more physical exercises.
体育老师号召同学们多进行体育锻炼。
4. Now his dream has come true. 现在他的梦想实现了。
come true 意为“实现；成为现实”。例如：
His wish to visit China has come true at last. 他要访华的愿望终于实现了。
His dream of being a doctor has come true. 他当医生的愿望实现了。
5. As Lu Xun is a leading figure of modern Chinese literature, one of China’s top
four literature prizes, Lu Xun Literature Prize is named after him. 由于鲁迅是中国现代
文学的领军人物，中国四大文学奖之一——鲁迅文学奖就是以他的名字命名的。
中国四大文学奖分别是：鲁迅文学奖、老舍文学奖、茅盾文学奖、曹禺戏剧文学奖。
as在这里是连词， 连接一个原因状语从句，意思是“因为；由于”。又如：
You had better stay at home, as it is raining. 下雨了，你最好待在家里。
As I’m ill, I won’t go. 我生病了，不去了。
Notes on the Text
66
6. ... still listen to his famous works such as Minute Waltz. ⋯⋯仍然还听他的名曲，
如《一分钟华尔兹》。
such as 意思是“像⋯⋯这样；诸如⋯⋯之类；例如（用来举例）”。例如：
He likes sports, such as running and swimming. 他喜欢体育运动，像跑步和游泳。
7. Everyone in Chopin’s family was a musician. 肖邦家人人都是音乐家。
everyone是单数，当它作主语时，后面的动词要按照第三人称单数变化。例如：
If everyone is ready, I’ll begin. 如果大家都准备好了，我就开始。
8. In his later years, he enjoyed playing at his apartment for a few friends more
than giving big concerts. 晚年，他更喜欢在家里给几个朋友演奏，而不是举办大型音
乐会。
1) in one’s later years意思是“在某人晚年”。 later在这里是形容词，意思是“接近
末期的；晚年的”。例如：
She found happiness in her later years. 她在晚年才找到幸福。
2) enjoy doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”。enjoy可以跟动名词作宾语，不可以跟不定
式。例如：
Little Moye enjoyed reading. 小谟业喜欢读书。
Unit 2
It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
1. A good starting point is to ask the person questions about himself or herself,
or talk about something you both like such as football or pop music.谈话的开头最好是
问关于对方的问题，或是谈论双方都喜欢的话题，比如足球或流行音乐。
该句的主要结构是动词不定式短语作表语, 用来说明主语的内容。例如：
The first thing now is to get something to eat. 当前首先是要找到吃的东西。
My job is to look after the baby. 我的工作是照看这个婴儿。
2. In English, people often say it “breaks the ice”. 在英语中，人们常常说它是“打
破沉默”。
此句中 it “breaks the ice”是say的宾语从句。break the ice是一个习语，表达的意思
是“打破隔阂；打头说话”，即所谓的“打破僵局”。例如：
To break the ice, he spoke of his interest in football, and they soon had a fluent
conversation. 为了打破僵局，他谈起了自己对足球的兴趣，这样谈话就很快顺利地进行了
下去。
3. They might be asked about how they got to the meeting or if their
hotel is comfortable. 他们可能会被问及是怎样到会的，或者宾馆是否舒适。
本句中的how they got to the meeting 和if their hotel is comfortable是两个并列的宾
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Notes on the Text
语从句，由连词or连接，同是ask about 的宾语。注意宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例如：
The teacher wanted to know why they were late. 老师想知道他们为什么迟到了。
4. Therefore, we should usually discuss “safe” subjects like the weather, which is
common in many cultures. 所以，通常我们应该谈论一些“安全的”话题，比如天气。
这一点在许多文化中是共同的。
本句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，所指代的是前面的整个主句，通常翻译为
“这；那；这一点”。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他赢得了比
赛，这使他的父母很高兴。
Unit 3
Where would you like to visit?
1. Where would you like to visit? 你想到哪里去旅游？
句中would like to do …表示“愿意做⋯⋯”。例如：
I would like to go somewhere interesting. 我想去好玩的地方。
Why would you like to go to Hong Kong? 你为什么想去香港？
would还可以表示“客气地请求、建议、邀请等”。例如：
Would you open the door for me, please? 请你给我开门好吗？
Would you like a sandwich? 你来一个三明治好吗？
Would you have dinner with me on Friday? 请你星期五和我一起用餐好吗？
2. Travel Spotlight: Paris 旅游胜地：巴黎
spotlight意思是“聚光灯；公众的注意中心”。travel spotlight可理解为“旅游胜
地”。例如：
Paris is really a travel spotlight in Europe. 在欧洲，巴黎真是个旅游胜地。
She was in the spotlight after she won the Marathon. 她赢得马拉松赛后，就成了公众
注意的人物。
3. We all dream about things that we would like to do and things we hope to
achieve in the future. 我们都梦想一些我们想要做的事情和我们希望将来能实现的事情。
1) dream about / of（doing…）意为“梦想；向往”。例如：
He dreams about / of success. 他梦想成功。
They dream about / of going to college. 他们梦想着上大学。
She dreams about / of running her own business. 她梦想自己开公司。
2) 句中that we would like to do和we hope to achieve是两个定语从句。
4. Other students hope to continue studying after finishing school… 其他的学生
希望毕业后继续学习⋯⋯
Notes on the Text
68
continue doing…意思是“继续做⋯⋯；不停地做⋯⋯”。例如：
I was allowed to continue using the library. 我被允许继续使用该图书馆。
5. It is very important to dream, so hold on to your dream; one day they may just
come true. 有梦想很重要，所以坚持你的梦想，将来有一天，它们可能会实现。
hold on to… 在句中表示“坚持”。例如：
Although he is rich now，he holds on to his simple life. 尽管他现在很富有，他还是
过着简朴的生活。
Unit 4
How can we become good learners?
1. Don’t read word by word. Read word groups. 不要一个字一个字地读，要按意
群读。
1) 此句中介词by表示连续或反复，意为“（一个）接着（一个）；（一个）又（一
个）”。例如：
one by one 一个接一个
little by little 一点一点
year by year 年复一年
step by step 一步一步
They went out of the classroom one by one. 他们一个接着一个走出了教室。
2) word group表示“词组；意群”，指语言使用中表达意思相对完整的一组词语。
在口语中，说话者应将其连贯说出，表达一个完整的意思。在阅读时，也应按意群读，以
便更好地理解文章意思，加快阅读速度。
2. It takes time. 这得慢慢来。
动词take 可用来表示“花费；消耗”时间。但在It takes time. 和Please take your
time.这样的句子中，它们所表达的意思是“不着急；慢慢来”。例如：
You can take your time. 你慢慢来。
A: These dresses are really nice and I can’t decide which one to buy. 这几条裙子都很
漂亮，我不知道该买哪一条。
B: Well, try them on and see how they look on you. Take your time. There’s no hurry.
嗯，把它们都试试，看看穿上怎么样。你慢慢来，不着急。
3. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you
right”. 我还学会了像“这简直是小菜一碟”和“你活该”这样的有用的句子。
a piece of cake和serve somebody right是英语中的两个习惯用语，也可称作习语
(idiom)。同汉语中的成语类似，习语是人们在长期的语言运用中确定或形成的一种固定
表达方式，其意思往往不是字面所表达的含义。如a piece of cake 表示事情非常简单、易
于解决，相当于汉语的“小菜一碟；小事一桩”；serve somebody right则相当于汉语说某
人“活该”。例如：
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Notes on the Text
It’s a piece of cake to you, but for me it’s quite different. 那对你来说是小菜一碟，但对
我而言却完全不同。
A: Tommy came late again and was punished by Mr. Morton. 汤米又迟到了，被莫顿
老师罚了。
B: Serves him right. I told him yesterday to arrive early. 他活该，我昨天还告诉他要早
到呢。
4. I can’t pronounce some of the words. 有些单词我不会读。
I can’t spell some English words. 有些英语单词我拼不出来。
以上两个否定句中，只能用some而不用any，因为some表示其中“一些”（单词），
并非“全部”单词；若用any，那么I can’t pronounce/spell any of the words.则表示“所
有的单词都不会读（拼写）”。any强调的是“任何的；所有的”。some和 any的运用要看
具体的语境和句子所要表达的意义，而不是简单认为否定句和疑问句中不可使用some。
在疑问句中，特别是在表示请求、建议和反问时，也往往使用some，因为some在这些语
句中体现的是说话者肯定的含义。例如：
Can I have some of your cake? 我可以吃些你的蛋糕吗？
Shall we try some local food? 我们尝试一下当地的食物如何？
Why can’t we just build some more parks? 为什么我们就不能修建更多的公园呢？
5. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 但
是你能否做好取决于你的学习习惯。
1) 此句中whether or not you can do it well是一个从句，用作整个句子的主语。这
种从句叫作“主语从句”。例如：
Whether you did it right or wrong isn’t so important. What’s important is the experience
you gained. 你做对做错都不重要，重要的是你从中获得了经验。
2) whether or not是英语从句的一个连词结构，意思和功能均相当于whether，表示
“是否”，常出现在宾语从句、主语从句中。使用时，也可把whether和or not分开，or
not 放到句尾。例如：
I can’t tell whether or not the teacher likes me. 我不知道老师喜不喜欢我。
此句也可以写成：I can’t tell whether the teacher likes me or not.
6. Alexander Graham Bell 亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔
亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔（1847—1922）是出生于苏格兰的美国电气工程学家、发
明家、企业家和聋哑教育家。贝尔以发明电话闻名于世。他在1876年申请并获得电话专
利权时仅29岁。贝尔电话公司（AT&T公司的前身）于1877年成立。贝尔一生致力于
科技发明和聋哑人教育领域，他还为创办美国“国家地理学会”（National Geographic
Society）和科普期刊《科学》（Science）杂志作出了贡献。
Notes on the Text
70
7. Knowledge comes from questioning. 知识源于质疑。
question 作动词，放在介词from后面要用它的-ing形式，在本句中是“质疑；质问”
的意思。例如：
I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to question it. 我只是相信了他告诉
我的话，从来没有质疑过。
People would question whether we are telling them the truth. 人们会质问我们是否向
他们说了实话。
question用作动词还有“提问；讯问；审问”的意思。例如：
The police questioned him for three hours before letting him go. 警察询问了他三个
小时方让他离开。
Unit 5
I think that mooncakes are delicious!
1. People go on the streets to throw water at each other. 人们走上街头互相泼水。
本句中throw ... at ...意为“抛向；泼向；洒向”，动词throw后接所投掷的物体，用
介词at引入泼洒或抛的对象。又如：
On our way here, someone threw a stone at our car, but fortunately we were not hit.
在我们来的路上，有人向我们的车投掷石块，所幸的是我们没被砸中。
It’s the first snow of the year, and the children are happily throwing snowballs at each
other. 这是今年的第一场雪，孩子们高兴地互相扔雪球。
2. New Year is a wonderful time when family and friends come together to say
goodbye to the old year and welcome the new one. 新年是亲朋好友欢聚一堂辞旧迎新
的美妙时刻。
本句中to say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new one相当于成语“辞旧迎
新”之意。其中say goodbye（to ...）表示“向……道别”。例如：
He’s coming to say goodbye to us. 他要来向我们道别。
除了say goodbye（to ...）以外，英语中类似的表达还有say hello/hi/thank you/
sorry ...（to ...），可表示“（向某人）问候、打招呼、致谢、道歉”。例如：
Bob came over to say hi to us. 鲍勃过来和我们打了个招呼。
Did she say sorry to you? 她向你道歉了吗？
3. In the UK, many people gather in London on December 31 to see the
famous Big Ben clock tower and count down to midnight. 在英国，许多人在12月31
日那天齐聚在伦敦，观看大本钟的午夜倒计时。
1）大本钟（Big Ben），英国国会大厦附属钟楼的报时大钟。大本钟于1859年第一次
敲响。该钟的塔楼与英国国会大厦浑然一体，是世界著名的哥特式建筑之一，也是伦敦的
71
Notes on the Text
地标建筑。
2）英语中，count down是动词短语，意为“倒数；倒计时”，可与介词“to”搭配，
接入具体的内容。例如：
We are counting down the days to the end of our project. 我们进入项目结束的倒计时
阶段了。
She began to count down to the big day. 她开始对这一重大日子倒计时了。
4. At midnight they sing Auld Lang Syne, a traditional Scottish song, to
remember friends and family. 在午夜时分，他们唱起苏格兰传统歌曲《友谊地久天长》，
来怀念朋友和家人。
Auld Lang Syne，中文译名为《友谊地久天长》或《友谊万岁》，苏格兰民间歌曲。
在英语国家，人们通常会在跨年守岁、辞旧迎新时唱起这首歌。这首歌的歌词是十八世纪
苏格兰诗人罗伯特·彭斯（Robert Burns）根据当地民歌记录创作而成，原文为古苏格兰
方言。后来，人们用一支古老的苏格兰乐曲与之配唱，又译成多国文字，广为传唱。
5. One very important custom is that people will all try to return home and
enjoy the family dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival. 一个非常重要的习俗是人们
都要回家团聚，在除夕好好吃一顿年夜饭。
在本句中，“that people will ... on the eve of the Spring Festival”是一个表语从句。
表语从句一般在主句的连系动词之后，从句部分均为陈述语序，使用that引导陈述性内容，
用whether或特殊疑问词引导相关问题内容。例如：
His reason for giving up the project is that it’s not worth doing it. 他放弃这个项目的
理由是它不值得一做。
The only question is whether the situation can be improved. 唯一的问题是情况能否
被改善。
This is what your father wants. 这是你爸爸想要的东西。
That’s why she’s so angry. 那便是她为什么那么生气的原因。
Unit 6
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
1. I’m excited to try the rides! 要尝试些乘骑项目，我好兴奋呀！
英语名词ride有多种用法和意思。涉及游乐园主题时，往往笼统地指园中各种各样
“供玩乐的乘骑装置”，如旋转木马、疯狂老鼠、过山车等。其具体的汉语译文要视情境而
定。例如：
a roller coaster ride 坐过山车
How about that new ride over there? 去玩玩那个新开的乘骑项目怎样？
My favorite ride is the Ferris Wheel. 我最喜欢的乘骑项目是“大转轮”。
Notes on the Text
72
The rides are free today. 今天这些乘骑项目免费。
2. Alice: ... could you first tell me where the restrooms are?艾丽斯：⋯⋯你能先
告诉我哪儿有洗手间吗？
He Wei: Pardon? Restroom? You want to rest?何伟：什么？休息室？你想
要休息吗？
上面对话中何伟误解了艾丽斯，认为restroom 是休息室，但实际上，restroom
在此处指的是“厕所；洗手间”。英语中常见的表达“厕所；洗手间”的词还有toilet，
washroom，bathroom等。
3. I was scared at first, but shouting did help. 起初我好害怕，但大声喊还很管用。
此句相当于 I was scared at first, but shouting really helped. 原句是一种表示强调的句
式，英语中，可用助动词do对谓语动词进行强调，构成强调句。例如：
Please do be careful. 请一定小心呦。
I do agree with you. 我完全同意你的意见。
He did warn you the other day, remember? 他前两天就告诫过你，还记得吗？
4. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. 两种说法都正确，但是第
一个听起来没那么礼貌。
“less + 形容词或副词”构成降级比较形式，相当于汉语“不那么；稍许不⋯⋯”之
意。例如：
His second movie is less interesting, I think. 我认为他的第二部影片就不那么有趣。
less后面常常接than，引入比较的对象。例如：
Some kinds of dogs are less friendly than others. 有些品种的狗不如其他品种那么友善。
5. It might seem more difficult to speak politely than directly. 看起来说得客气
要比说得直白更难一点。
1) 句中it虽然是主语，但并没有意义。句子的真正主语是动词不定式短语to speak
politely。it 是“形式主语”，代替真实主语，放在句首，以免使句子有头重脚轻之感。
例如：
It is very helpful to be able to speak a foreign language. 能说一门外语是非常有用的。
It took me three days to finish the project. 完成这个项目花了我三天时间。
2) 情态动词might表达一种可能性及推测的不确定性，意思与表达可能性的may相
当，表示“有可能；也许会”，但语气却更加委婉、含蓄，更不确定。例如：
The train might be a few hours late. 火车也许会晚点几个小时。
Gina might not be able to go. 吉娜可能去不了。
6. There’s an underground parking lot over there. 那边有一个地下停车场。
parking lot意为“停车场”，属美语用法，其中lot为“土地”的意思。在英国，人们
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Notes on the Text
将停车场称作car park。
Unit 7
I used to be afraid of the dark.
1. I get tons of attention everywhere I go. 无论我到哪里，总是被人关注。
get tons of attention在句中表示“被众人所关注；吸引无数目光”之意。其中tons of
something是一种非正式的表达法，相当于lots of something，但带有一定夸张和感情色
彩，表示“很多；极多”，具体翻译用词要根据上下文语境而定。例如：
They have tons of work to do every day. 他们每天有大量的工作要做。
The sports stars in America can make tons of money. 美国的体育明星能挣非常多
的钱。
2. Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are
always guards around me. 现在与朋友们外出对我来说几乎不再可能，因为老有保安守
在我的周围。
hanging out with friends在本句中是动词-ing形式作主语。例如：
Working together with them helped me know much more about their life. 与他们一
同劳动帮我更好地了解了他们的生活。
Walking in the park is one of my favorite activities. 在公园散步是我最喜欢的活动
之一。
3. Many times I thought about giving up, but I fought on. 许多次我都想放弃，
但我奋力坚持了下来。
本句中的fight为“努力去做；尽力尝试”之意，副词on表示“继续（地）；持续
（地）”。因此，fight on表示“奋力坚持下去”的意思。例如：
We must fight on until the end of the battle. 我们必须坚持到战斗结束。
4. She advised them to talk with their son in person. 她建议他们亲自与自己的
儿子谈谈。
in person为介词短语，表示“亲自；亲身”。例如：
I called him but he didn’t answer. So I decided to talk to him in person. 我给他打电
话，但他没接，所以我决定亲自去跟他谈谈。
You have to sign for it in person. 你必须亲自签收。
Unit 8
What are the shirts made of?
1. Where is tea produced in China? 中国哪里产茶？
英语中produce，grow和plant三个动词均可用来描述农作物及植物的“种植；生产；
生长”，但有所区别。produce指农作物成产量化地“出产”，或自然地“生长出；长出；
Notes on the Text
74
结出（果实）”。例如：
This region produces over 50% of the country’s rice. 这个地区出产整个国家50%以上
的大米。
These trees can produce very good apples. 这些树能结出优质的苹果。
grow 表示“种植；使生长”，着重指种植以后的栽培、生长过程。例如：
These plants grow from seeds. 这些植物从种子生长而来。
The villagers grow coffee and corn to sell in the market. 村民们种植咖啡和玉米好拿
到市场上去卖。
plant侧重“栽种；播种”这一行为，指把种子或秧苗栽种到土壤里使之生长。例如：
How many trees have you planted this year? 今年你们种了多少棵树？
They planted tomatoes and carrots in their backyard. 他们在后院栽种了西红柿和胡
萝卜。
2. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in
China. 他意识到美国人几乎无法避免购买中国制造的产品。
动词avoid的意思是“回避；逃避；躲避”，其后可接名词、代词及动词-ing形式等
作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。例如：
I can see she’s trying hard to avoid meeting my eyes. 我看得出来她极力回避我的目光。
avoid另有“避免；阻止发生（不好的事情）”的意思。例如：
Young children are taught road safety to avoid road accidents. 对孩子们进行道路安全
教育以避免交通事故的发生。
It’s not a bad idea to keep quiet to avoid a quarrel.保持沉默以避免吵架不是个坏
主意。
3. Kang Jian thinks it’s great that China is so good at making these everyday
things. 康健认为中国擅长制造这些日常商品是很了不起的。
everyday 是every和day构成的一个合成词，意为“每日的；每天的；日常的；平日
的”。everyday是形容词，仅用在名词之前作定语，不能单独使用。例如：
everyday life 日常生活
everyday English 日常英语
everyday activities 日常活动
everyday clothes 平日里穿的服装
注意：everyday 与every day有区别，every day是副词短语，意为“每天”，相当于
each day，通常用作句子的时间状语。例如：
We see each other every day. 我们俩每天见面。
The teacher asked us to read English books every day. 老师让我们每天都要读英语书。
4. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into
objects of beauty. 最为普通的东西，从纸张到陶土再到竹子，都变成了精美的物品。
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Notes on the Text
1) turn ... into ...表示“把⋯⋯变成⋯⋯；使⋯⋯变成”，而turn into表示“转变；
变成”等意思。例如：
Can you turn an egg into a flower? 你能够把鸡蛋变成花朵吗？
In recent years, spring has quickly turned into hot summer in our area. 近年来，在我
们这个地区，春天很快就变成了炎热的夏天。
The sunny morning turned into a rainy day. 晴朗的早晨变成了雨天。
2) objects of beauty在此为“精美之物；精美物品”的意思。其中object指具体、实
际的“物品；东西”。例如：
an everyday object such as a spoon诸如勺子这样的日常物品
Look, there’s a strange object in the sky! 快瞧，天上有一个奇怪的东西！
5. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay
and then allowed to air-dry. 这些作品通过手工用一种特殊的陶土精心塑型，然后再自
然晾干。
1) 此句中名词piece意为“作品”，指由艺人、作家等创作出来的艺术品或文学作品。
例如：
Just take a look at this lovely clay piece. Doesn’t this boy look real! 看看这个可爱的小
陶人，这男孩看上去多么逼真啊！
Did you read that piece in today’s newspaper? 你看过今天报纸上的那篇文章了吗？
Liszt wrote lots of piano pieces. 李斯特写了许多钢琴曲。
2) air-dry是由air和dry复合而成的一个合成动词，意为“晾干”，类似的词还有
blow-dry吹干。
Tapescripts
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Tapescripts
Unit 1 When was he born?
Section A, 1b
Conversation 1
Boy: Who’s that?
Girl: That’s Yuan Longping. He is a great
agricultural scientist. He developed a new
kind of rice and helped reduce hunger.
Boy: That’s great! When was he born?
Girl: He was born in 1930.
Conversation 2
Boy: Who’s that?
Girl: That’s Qian Xuesen. He was a space
scientist. He was the “Father of China’s
Space Technology”.
Boy: Right! When was he born?
Girl: He was born in 1911.
Conversation 3
Boy: Who’s that?
Girl: That’s Marie Curie, a great scientist. She
made many important discoveries in
physics and chemistry. And she won two
Nobel Prizes!
Boy: That’s great! When was she born?
Girl: She was born in 1867.
Conversation 4
Boy: Who’s that?
Girl: China’s first woman to walk in space. Do
you know her?
Boy: Of course, Wa Yaping, an astronaut.
Girl: Yes, she was also the first woman to
teach a live class from space.
Boy: Really amazing. When was she born?
Girl: She was born in 1980.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Girl: Who’s that?
Boy: David Blaine. He’s from the United
States. He can stay under water for 17
minutes.
Girl: Wow! What’s he doing in this picture?
Boy: He’s standing in a box of ice in New York.
Girl: Wow. That must be very cold. Hmm ...
when did he start standing in the box?
Boy: Errr ... let me look in my book. Oh, yes.
He started on November 27th, 2000.
Girl: And when did he stop?
Boy: He stopped on November 29th. That’s
two days, fifteen hours, and forty-two
minutes. In this photo, he’s standing very
carefully on a tower.
Girl: Right. How long did he stand on the
tower?
Boy: He started standing on it on May 22nd,
2002 and he stopped on May 23rd. He
was on the tower for one day and eleven
hours.
Girl: Oh, wow! Was it dangerous?
Boy: Yes, it was. The tower was really high.
Girl: He must be very brave.
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Tapescripts
Boy: Yes. I don’t think I can do what he did.
Girl: So, how old was he when he did this?
Boy: He was 29 years old.
Section B, 1c, 1d
Boy: Who do you admire?
Girl: I admire Midori.
Boy: Midori? Who’s that?
Girl: She’s a famous violinist.
Boy: Oh, yeah! She’s Japanese, isn’t she?
Girl: Yes, she was born in Osaka in 1971.
When she was eight, she was already a
talented violinist. When she was 14,
she traveled around the United States.
I saw her play when I was eight.
Boy: Wow. Do you have any of her CDs?
Girl: Yes, I do. I play them all the time. But
how about you? Who do you admire?
Boy: I admire my grandmother, Laura.
Girl: Really? Why?
Boy: Well, she was born in Russia in 1932.
She started ice-skating when she
was four, and she won a skating
competition when she was 10.
Girl: A skating competition? Did she have
to work hard?
Boy: Yes, very hard. But that was a long
time ago. Now she’s a kind and loving
grandmother.
Unit 2 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?
Section A, 1b
Conversation 1
Girl 1: He’s really good, isn’t he?
Girl 2: He sure is! I come to all his concerts.
Girl 1: Do you have his new CD?
Girl 2: Yes, I do.
Conversation 2
Girl 3: This line is moving slowly, isn’t it?
Woman: Yes, it is. We’ve been here for 20
minutes already.
Girl 3: I hope the movie is good.
Woman: So do I. Do you think it’s going to
rain?
Girl 3: I hope not!
Woman: Me, too.
Conversation 3
Boy: The train is late, isn’t it?
Man: No, today is Sunday. The trains only
run twice an hour on Sunday.
Boy: Oh, I didn’t know that. I usually
take the train on the weekdays.
Man: Oh, do you take the train to school?
Boy: Yes, I do.
Conversation 4
Boy: Take a seat, please!
Girl: Thank you.
Boy: I’m Jack.
Girl: You’re Tim’s cousin, aren’t you?
Boy: Yes, I am.
Girl: I’m Lily. Nice to meet you, Jack.
Section A,2a, 2b
Conversation 1
Boy 1: I hate waiting for the bus.
Girl 1: So do I.
Boy 1: I’m going to be late for school.
Girl 1: So am I.
Conversation 2
Man 1: These shirts are really expensive,
aren’t they?
Tapescripts
78
Woman 1: Yes, they are.
Man 1: The prices in this store are too high.
Woman 1: Yes, they are.
Conversation 3
Girl 2: It always rains on the weekend,
doesn’t it?
Boy 2: Yes. It rains every Saturday! Do you
think it’ll stop by noon?
Girl 2: I hope so. I want to go swimming.
Boy 2: Oh? Where do you swim?
Girl 2: At Franklin Lake. Do you ever go
there?
Section B, 1c, 1d
Conversation 1
Woman 1: You’re Jenny’s friend, aren’t you?
Girl 1: Yes, I am. My name is Rita. And
you’re Jenny’s mom, aren’t you?
Woman 1: That’s right. So, tell me about
yourself, Rita. Do you play any
sports?
Girl 1: Yeah! I play tennis and ping-pong.
And I love swimming.
Woman 1: That’s great. Would you like
something to drink?
Girl 1: Yes, please. I’d love some lemonade.
Conversation 2
Boy 1: You’re new here, aren’t you?
Boy 2: Yes, I am. My name’s Bill. You’re
Tony, aren’t you?
Boy 1: That’s right. What do you think of
the school?
Boy 2: It’s great. You’ve always been in this
school, haven’t you?
Boy 1: No, I haven’t. I started here last year.
Conversation 3
Boy 3: It’s really crowded, isn’t it?
Boy 4: Yes, it is. Are you a ball game fan?
Boy 3: Yes, I am. Did you see Friday night’s
game on TV?
Boy 4: Yes, I did. It was really exciting,
wasn’t it?
Unit 3 Where would you like to visit?
Section A, 1b
Sam: Look at those travel posters. I’d love
to go on a vacation.
Gina: Where would you like to go, Sam?
Sam: I’d love to go trekking in the
Amazon jungle in Brazil.
Gina: You would?
Sam: Sure. I like exciting vacations.
Gina: Wouldn’t that be dangerous?
Sam: No, not really. How about you,
Gina? Where would you like to go?
Gina: Oh, I’m stressed out. I’d just like
to relax on a beach ... You know, a
beautiful beach in Florida.
Sam: That sounds peaceful.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Boy 1: Wouldn’t it be great if we could go
on a vacation together?
Girl 1: Yeah. That would be wonderful!
Boy 1: Where would we go?
Girl 1: Well, I hope to visit Hawaii one day.
Would you be interested in going
there?
Boy 2: Sure! I like places where the weather
is always warm.
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Tapescripts
Boy 1: But Hawaii is too touristy. Maybe
we could go to Mexico. I love places
where the people are really friendly.
Boy 2: Well, Mexico would be nice, but we
don’t know the language. I hope to
see Niagara Falls some day. What
about going there?
Girl 1: Niagara Falls would be beautiful,
but there’s not much to do
there. Why don’t we all go to
San Francisco together? It has
everything—beautiful views,
friendly people, exciting things to
do ...
Boy 2: That’s not a bad idea ... if you pay
for it!
Section B, 1b, 1c
Woman 1: Jeff, I have to go out for half an
hour. Could you please answer the
phone? Just take messages and I’ll
call people back.
Jeff: Sure. Hello, Ace Travel. Jeff Marino
speaking. How may I help you?
Woman 2: I’d like some information on vacation
packages, please.
Jeff: My boss is out of the office for half
an hour. Could she call you back?
Woman 2: Actually, I’d like to get some
information now, if you wouldn’t
mind ...
Jeff: Oh. Well, I guess it would be OK.
So, where would you like to go?
Woman 2: Oh, I don’t know. Somewhere
warm.
Jeff: Somewhere warm ... How about
Hawaii?
Woman 2: Oh ... no ... I ... I don’t like flying.
Jeff: OK. Well, there’s always ...
Jeff: Hi, Ace Travel. Jeff Marino speaking.
Man: Hello. I’d like to find out about
your vacation packages.
Jeff: Sure. What kind of vacation are you
looking for?
Man: Well, I hope to go on a nature tour.
Jeff: Well, we have a great whale watch
tour. You might like that.
Man: Hmm ... it depends on where it is.
I don’t want to go anywhere cold.
Jeff: Hmm ... let’s see. Yes, we have a
summer whale watch tour ...
Jeff: Hi, Ace Travel. May I help you?
Woman 3: I hope so. I saw your advertisement
for vacations in California. We’d
like to go somewhere that’s fun for
kids.
Jeff: Fun for kids ... How about Los
Angeles? Kids love visiting
Hollywood.
Woman 3: Oh, but we don’t really like big cities.
Jeff: I see. Then maybe you’d enjoy ...
Unit 4 How can we become good
learners?
Section A, 1b
Boy:
Hey, everybody. There’s a big test
on Tuesday. I really need some
help. Can you tell me how you
study for a big test?
Tapescripts
80
help. Can you tell me how you
study for a big test?
Voices:
Sure! Yes. Sure we will.
Boy:
You did really well on the last
English test, didn’t you, Meiping?
Meiping: Yeah, I did OK.
Boy:
Well, how did you study for it?
Meiping: By making word cards.
Boy:
Maybe I’ll try that. So, how do you
study for a test, Peter?
Peter:
By asking the teacher for help.
She’s always happy to answer my
questions.
Boy:
That’s interesting. How do you
study, Tony?
Tony:
I like to study by listening to tapes.
But sometimes my mother thinks
I’m listening to music. And then she
gets mad.
Boy:
Oh, maybe I won’t do that then.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Man: Welcome to the English club. Today
we’re going to talk about the best ways
to learn English. Does anyone learn
English by watching videos?
Girl 1: No. It’s too hard to understand spoken
English.
Boy 1: What about keeping a diary in English?
Do you learn English that way?
Girl 1: Yes, I do. It helps to write English every
day.
Boy 2: Have you ever studied with a group?
Girl 2: Yes, I have! I’ve learned a lot that way.
Boy 2: Do you have conversations with friends
in English?
Girl 2: Oh, yes. It really improves my
speaking skills.
Girl 1: What about reading aloud to practice
pronunciation?
Boy 1: I do that sometimes. I think it helps.
Girl 2: I do, too. And I often look up new
words in a dictionary.
Boy 2: That’s a great idea!
Section B, 1c, 1d
Ms. Manson: You look worried, Paul.
Paul:
I am, Ms. Manson. I’m having
trouble learning English.
Ms. Manson: You said you liked English.
What’s the problem?
Paul:
I can’t get the pronunciation
right.
Ms. Manson: Well, listening can help. Why
don’t you listen to English songs
on the radio and repeat the
difficult words?
Paul:
That’s a good idea. But what
about all the new words? I forget
a lot of the new words.
Ms. Manson: You can always write the new
words in your notebook and
review them from time to time.
You can even study on the
subway on the way to school.
Paul:
That might really help! Thanks.
Ms. Manson: Can you understand when
people talk to you?
Paul:
Well, not always. Sometimes
I just don’t understand what
people are saying.
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Tapescripts
Ms. Manson: Why don’t you join an English
language club to practice
speaking English? The English
club meets after school on
Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Paul:
Maybe I’ll go. The only other
problem is that I don’t get much
writing practice.
Ms. Manson: Maybe you should find a pen
pal.
Paul:
That sounds like a fun way to
practice writing. Thanks, Ms.
Manson.
Unit 5
I think that mooncakes are
delicious!
Section A, 1b
Mary:
What a great day!
Bill:
Yes, it was really fun!
Mary:
What did you like best?
Bill:
I loved the races! They were really
interesting to watch. How fantastic
the dragon boat teams were!
Mary:
Yes! And look at the colors of the
boats. How pretty they were!
Bill:
I agree! But I guess it was a little too
crowded.
Mary:
I don’t know ... I kind of like to have
more people around. It makes things
more exciting.
Bill:
That’s true. Oh, and I really liked
eating zongzi.
Mary:
Oh, me too! The sweet ones are my
favorite.
Bill:
I wonder if they’ll have the races
again next year.
Mary :
Of course! They have them every
year.
Bill:
Then I believe that I’ll be back again
next year to watch the races!
Mary:
Me, too!
Section A, 2a, 2b
Harry:
What did you do on your
vacation, Wu Ming?
Wu Ming:
I visited my aunt and uncle in
Hong Kong.
Harry:
Wow! So what did you do?
Wu Ming: Well, we ate out a lot. I believe
that we ate at least five meals a
day! How delicious the food is!
I’ve put on five pounds!
Harry:
Haha! Yes, the food in Hong
Kong is delicious. What else did
you do?
Wu Ming: Shopping, of course. Hong Kong
is a great place for shopping! I
spent so much money.
Harry:
So what was the best part of the
trip?
Wu Ming: Oh, the Dragon Boat Festival for
sure. They had teams from all over
the world!
Harry:
I’m planning a trip to Hong Kong
next year. I wonder whether June
is a good time.
Wu Ming: Yes, if you want to see the boat
races. But it’s quite hot in June.
That’s one thing I didn’t like.
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82
Harry:
Oh, I don’t mind hot weather.
Wu Ming: OK, then I think that June would
be a perfect time for you to visit.
Section B, 1b, 1c
Wu Yu: Hey Jane, I guess you know a lot
about the Chinese Spring Festival. Do
you know about the Lantern Festival?
Jane:
Only a little. It’s also popular in China.
When is it?
Wu Yu: It falls on the 15th day of the first
lunar month in China.
Jane:
How do people celebrate it? There
must be lots of lanterns.
Wu Yu: Sure. You can see all kinds of beautiful
lanterns. You can also see dragon and
lion dances.
Jane:
They must make people very happy
and excited!
Wu Yu: Yeah. What’s more? Guessing the
riddles on the lanterns is a great fun.
Jane:
What are the riddles about?
Wu Yu: They are usually about good health,
family love and best wishes for the
future.
Jane:
What can the winners get? Can they
get some nice food to eat?
Wu Yu: Yes. For this festival people always eat
tangyuan, sweet rice balls. Chinese
people believe that the round balls
show family love and good luck.
Jane:
That’s interesting!
Unit 6
Could you please tell me where the
restrooms are?
Section A, 1b
Conversation 1
Girl: Excuse me, could you tell me where I
can buy some stamps?
Boy: Yes. There’s a post office on Center
Street.
Girl: Oh, could you tell me how to get to
Center Street?
Boy: Sure. You see that bank there?
Girl: Hmm ... oh, yes.
Boy: Just go past the bank and then turn right.
The post office is on the right, next to
the library.
Girl: Thanks a lot!
Conversation 2
Boy: Excuse me, do you know where I can get
a dictionary?
Girl: Sure. There’s a bookstore on Main Street.
Boy: Oh, could you please tell me how to get
there?
Girl: Yes. Go along Center Street and then
turn left on Main Street. Then you will
see the bookstore on the other side of
the street.
Boy: Thanks! Do you know when the
bookstore closes today?
Girl: I think it closes at 7:00 p.m. today.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Boy 1: Excuse me, can you tell me where I can
buy some medicine?
Boy 2: Yes, there’s a supermarket in this shop-
ping center.
83
Tapescripts
Boy 1: Do you know how to go there?
Boy 2: Yes. Go to the second floor and then ...
then turn left. Let’s see ... Then go
past the bookstore. And umm ... the
supermarket is between the flower
store and the bookstore. You should
be able to get medicine there.
Boy 1: OK, great. Oh, and one more thing. Do
you know when this shopping center
closes tonight?
Boy 2: I’m not sure, but you can ask for
information over there.
Boy 1: OK, thanks a lot.
Boy 2: You’re welcome.
Section B, 1c, 1d
Conversation 1
Boy:
Could you tell me where there’s a good
place to eat?
Clerk: Of course. There are a lot of good
restaurants in Sunville. What kind of
food are you looking for?
Boy:
I’d like fresh vegetables.
Clerk: I’d try Green Land. They have delicious
salads.
Conversation 2
Girl:
Do you know if there are any public
restrooms around here?
Clerk: Yes. You’ll find some at the corner of
Market and Middle Streets.
Girl:
Umm ... are they clean?
Clerk: Oh, yes. They’re very clean.
Conversation 3
Mother: Could you tell me if there is a good
museum in Sunville?
Clerk:
Well, we have several. What kind of
museums do you like － History?
Science? A children’s museum?
Father:
What about history? I like history
museums. They’re fascinating.
Girl 1:
Oh, Dad! History museums are
boring. Let’s go to a science museum.
Boy:
Science? We always go to science
museums. I want to go to a children’s
museum. They’re more fun.
Girl 2:
Well, I’m too old for a children’s
museum. Why don’t we go to an art
museum?
Clerk:
Why don’t you go to the computer
museum? There are a lot of fun
things for children there. You can
learn all about the history of
computers, as well as learn about
science.
Mother: That’s a great idea! Let’s go to the
computer museum.
Unit 7 I used to be afraid of the dark.
Section A, 1b
Conversation 1
Bob:
Mario, is that you?
Mario: Yeah, it is. It’s Bob! Hey guys, it’s Bob!
I haven’t seen you for four years!
Bob:
Yeah. I’m here with my parents. We’re
visiting for a couple of days. Wow,
Mario, you look different! You used to
be short, didn’t you?
Mario: Yes, I did. Now I’m tall. And so are
you!
Tapescripts
84
Bob:
That’s true. And you used to wear
glasses.
Conversation 2
Bob: Hey, Amy, it’s great to see you.
Amy: Hi, Bob. How are you?
Bob:
Fine. Wow, you’ve changed!
Amy: Really? How?
Bob:
You used to have short hair.
Amy: You remember that? Yes, I did.
Bob:
And you used to be really tall!
Amy: Not anymore. You’re taller than me
now, Bob.
Conversation 3
Tina: Hiya, Bob.
Bob:
Hi, Tina. You’ve changed, too.
Tina: Oh, yeah?
Bob:
You have blonde hair!
Tina: Yeah, it used to be red, didn’t it?
Bob:
And it’s straight!
Tina: Yeah, it used to be curly.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Paula: Hey, Steve! Over here! Don’t you
remember me?
Steve: Oh, wow! You’re Paula, aren’t you?
Paula: That’s right. We were in the same
science class during Grade 8.
Steve: Yes, now I remember. You used to be
really quiet, didn’t you? I remember
you were always silent in class.
Paula: Yeah. I wasn’t very outgoing. I was
never brave enough to ask the teachers
any questions!
Steve: Well, but you were always friendly.
And you got a better grade in science
than I did, haha. And I remember you
were really good in music class, too.
Wait a minute! Did you use to play the
piano?
Paula: Yes, I did. But now I’m more interested
in sports. I play soccer almost every
day, and I’m on a swim team. But I still
play the piano from time to time.
Steve: Wow, you’re so active! People sure
change.
Section B, 1c, 1d
Girl: My six-year-old brother started school
this week.
Boy: Oh, that’s good. Life was great when I
was six.
Girl: Really? Why?
Boy: Oh, school was really easy.
Girl: Not for me. I didn’t use to like tests. Now
I don’t worry about tests, but I really
used to be very nervous about them.
Boy: But the tests in primary school were
easy!
Girl: Well, yes, they weren’t too difficult. But I
guess I wasn’t used to them yet. I think I
still like high school more than primary
school.
Boy: But we used to play every day after
school. Now we just study all the time.
Girl: Yeah, but we used to have to wear the
school uniform. Now we can wear
whatever we like.
Boy: I don’t mind wearing a school uniform.
I don’t like thinking about what to wear
every day! I do remember one bad thing
85
Tapescripts
about primary school though. I used to
hate P.E. class. Now I love it.
Girl: Oh, me, too!
Unit 8 What are the shirts made of?
Section A, 1b
Susan: Hi, Anita. I bought three shirts for 29
dollars yesterday!
Anita: Oh, really? What are they made of
though? Sometimes the cheap ones
are made of materials that don’t feel
very good.
Susan: A hundred percent cotton. They’re
nice and soft, and they were made in
America.
Anita: Oh, OK. By the way, where did you
buy those chopsticks? They’re really
cool!
Susan: Oh, I got them in South Korea.
They’re nice, aren’t they?
Anita: Yeah. Chopsticks are usually made of
wood. I’ve never seen steel ones before.
Susan: Oh, steel chopsticks are popular in
South Korea. Hey, do you think this
ring looks OK?
Anita: Hmm ... yes, I think it’s quite pretty. Is
it made of silver?
Susan: Yes, and it was made in Thailand.
I’ll give it to my best friend for her
birthday.
Anita: Oh, I’m sure she’ll love it.
Section A, 2a, 2b
Nick:
Hey Marcus, have you heard about
the art and science fair?
Marcus: You mean the one just outside the
science museum?
Nick:
Yeah, that’s the one. The school
notice board says that all students are
invited to attend for free! Our school
is paying for it!
Marcus: Wow, that’s great!
Nick:
I went there yesterday.
Marcus: Did you see anything cool?
Nick:
Of course! All the works there were
made by university students.
Marcus: What did you see?
Nick:
I saw a huge model plane. It’s made
of used wood and glass. I also saw a
really beautiful painting. It’s made
from grass, leaves and flowers.
Marcus: Oh, yeah, the fair is about
environmental protection and
recycling, right?
Nick:
Yes, and the students came up with
some really interesting and creative
ideas.
Section B, 1b, 1c, 1d
Laura:
Hey, Zheng Yun!
Zheng Yun: Hi, Laura.
Laura:
How was your vacation?
Zheng Yun: It was great! I went to Weifang in
Shandong.
Laura:
That’s the city famous for kites,
right?
Zheng Yun: Yes. There’s an international kite
festival there every April. That’s
why I went there.
Laura:
How interesting! What happens
Tapescripts
86
at the festival?
Zheng Yun: People from all over the world
compete in kite flying. There are
also competitions for the best
kites.
Laura:
Were the kites nice?
Zheng Yun: They were beautiful. They were
made of different things like silk
or paper. Some were painted with
colorful drawings.
Laura:
Sounds like you really enjoyed it.
I never thought that something as
simple as kite flying could be so
exciting.
Zheng Yun: Yes, it was really fun to see which
kite could fly the highest.
Laura:
I think I want to learn to fly a kite,
too!
87
Grammar
I. 动词（Verbs）
被动语态（Passive Voice）
1) 主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（Active Voice）和被动语态（Passive Voice）。
当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，
谓语要用被动语态。例如：
Many people speak English.（主动语态，句子的主语many people是动作speak的
执行者）
English is spoken by many people. （被动语态，句子的主语English是动作speak的
承受者）
Bell invented the telephone in 1876.（主动语态）
The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.（被动语态）
2) 被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时
态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。现以动词ask为例，将一
般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：
表1 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
3) 含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions.
Grammar
肯定式
否定式
疑问式
一般现在时
I am asked …
He/She is asked …
We/You are asked …
They are asked …
I am not asked …
He/She is not asked …
We/You are not asked …
They are not asked …
Am I asked …?
Is he/she asked …?
Are we/you asked …?
Are they asked …?
一般过去时
I was asked …
He/She was asked …
We/You/They were
asked …
I was not asked …
He/She was not asked …
We/You/They were not
asked …
Was I asked …?
Was he/she asked …?
Were we/you/they
asked …?
Grammar
88
关联词
例句
that（在口语或非正式
文体中常省略）
I think (that) Halloween is a fun festival.
Mary thinks (that) the teams were just fantastic.
Many think (that) sharks are too strong to be
endangered.
whether, if（在口语中
常用if）
I wonder if/whether they’ll have the races again
next year.
Ben wonders if/whether April is a good time to
visit Thailand.
who, what, which,
when, where, how, why
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
Do you know when the bookstore closes today?
I asked Candy how life was different after she
became famous.
Can you tell me who she is?
Your room must be cleaned every day.
The trees may be planted behind the house.
This game can be played in the winter.
4) 被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要说明谁是动作的执行者， 或者只需
强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。例如：
The blouse is made of silk.
The zipper is often used in our daily lives.
I think the TV was invented after the car.
被动语态常用于陈述事实，一般用在科技文章或新闻报道中。
II. 宾语从句（Objective Clauses）
在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。宾语从句由“关联词+主
语+谓语”构成。引导宾语从句的常见关联词有that、if、whether、what、who、where、
why和 how等。
表2 宾语从句
III. 构词法（Word Formation）
英语中很多单词的构成形式是有规律的，掌握单词的构成规律有助于理解和记忆词汇。
英语的常见构词法有合成（Compounding）、派生（Derivation）和转化（Conversion）。
缩写和简写（Abbreviation and Simplification）也是构词法的一种。
89
Grammar
1. 合成法（Compounding）
由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法。例如：
复合名词 classroom（名词＋名词）
blackboard（形容词＋名词）
复合形容词 worldwide（名词＋形容词）
good-looking（形容词＋分词）
复合动词 overcome（副词＋动词）
复合数词 fifty-four（数词＋数词）
复合代词 everything, somebody, anything, nobody（不定代词＋名词）
复合副词 downstairs（副词＋名词）
2. 派生法（Derivation）
在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。加在单词
前的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
表3 单词的前缀和后缀
前 缀
示 例
un- （不、非，表示否定）
unfriendly, unpleasant, uncomfortable
dis- （不、非，表示否定）
disadvantage, dishonest, disagree
bi-
（两个、双边的）
bicycle
inter- （相互、交互、在一起）
interview, international, Internet
re-
（又、再、重新）
review, return, rewrite
tele-
（远）
telephone, television
后 缀
示 例
-or / -er （从事某种职业的人，名词
后缀）
actor, visitor, director, singer, runner, worker,
driver
-ist （人，名词后缀）
artist, scientist, tourist, terrorist, physicist
-ese （民族、语言，名词后缀）
Chinese, Japanese
-tion （表示动作、状态，名词后缀）
invitation, attraction, population, pronunciation
-ful （充满，形容词后缀）
successful, beautiful, colorful, wonderful
-y
（表性质，形容词后缀）
funny, healthy, cloudy, windy
-ing （形容词后缀）
boring, exciting, interesting, outstanding
-ed （形容词后缀）
surprised, balanced, relaxed, talented
-al （⋯⋯的，形容词后缀）
traditional, international, natural
-able
（能够，形容词后缀）
comfortable, unforgettable
-less
（没有、无，形容词后缀）
homeless, helpless, careless
-ly
（副词或形容词后缀）
really, usually, finally, friendly
Grammar
90
3. 转化法（Conversion）
一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类，这种构词法叫转化法。单词转化后的意义
往往与之前的意义联系密切。
名词转化为动词
show n. 展览；展示 → show v. 表演；展出
water n. 水
→ water v. 浇水
形容词转化为动词
slow adj. 慢的
→ slow v. 放慢
动词转化为名词
walk v. 散步；走
→ take a walk n. 散步
look v. 看
→ have a look n. 看一下，看一看
4. 缩写和简写（Abbreviation and Simplification）
缩写和简写（也被称为截断法或缩短法）主要采取“截头”“去尾”或者“既截头
又去尾”的方法来生成新词。例如：
telephone → phone
airplane → plane
laboratory → lab
mathematics → math
advertisement → ad
examination → exam
influenza → flu
另外，还有很多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成。例如：
CD (compact disk)
CCTV (China Central Television)
NBA (National Basketball Association)
UFO (unidentified flying object)
UN (United Nations)
USA (United States of America)
WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature or World Wildlife Fund)
91
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Unit 1
reduce /rdjus/ v. 减少；缩小
p.1
hunger /hg@(r)/ n. 饥饿；渴望
p.1
born /(r)/ v. 出生
p.1
be born 出生；出世
p.1
live /lav/ adj. 现场直播的；
实况转播的
p.1
chemist /kemIst/ n. 化学家；药剂师 p.1
physicist /fIzIsIst/ n. 物理学家；
物理学研究者
p.1
agricultural /grIklt@r@l/
n. 农业的；农用的
p.1
ice // n. 冰
p.2
tower/@(r)/ n. 塔；塔楼
p.2
admire/@dmaI@(r)/ v. 欣赏；仰慕
p.2
guy/g/ n. 家伙；男人；小伙子
p.2
paint /peInt/ v. 用颜料画；刷漆
p.2
flat // adj. 水平的；平坦的
p.2
get in trouble 遇到麻烦
p.2
province /prQvIns/ n. 省份；（某些
国家的）一级行政区
p.3
care /ke(r)/ v. 关注；在意；担忧
p.3
spiritual /spIrItul/ adj. 精神的；
心灵的
p.3
drop out of school 辍学
p.3
publish /pblI/ v. 出版；发行
p.3
literary /lItrri/ adj. 文学的；
文学上的
p.3
literature /lItrt(r)/ n. 文学
p.3
work /w3k/ n. 著作；作品
p.3
novel /nQvl/, /nAvl/ n. （长篇）小说 p.3
call on 呼吁；号召；要求
p.3
means /minz/ n. 方式；方法；途径 p.3
try every means to do 想方设法（做
某事）
p.3
come true （愿望、希望等）实现；
成为现实
p.3
figure /fIg(r)/ n. 人物；人士
p.3
as /æz/, /əz/ conj. 因为；由于
p.3
inspire /InspaIə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞
p.3
besides /bIsaIdz/ prep. 除⋯⋯之外
p.3
perform // v. 表演；演出
p.4
opera // n. 歌剧
p.4
Brazilian // adj. 巴西的
n. 巴西人
p.4
national // adj. 国家的；
民族的
p.4
loving // adj. 爱的；充满爱的
p.5
grandson /grnsn/ n. 孙子；外孙 p.5
skating //n. 滑冰
p.5
kind // adj. 亲切的；和蔼的
p.5
lover // n. 爱好者；热爱者
p.6
waltz // n. 华尔兹舞；圆舞曲
p.6
poet // n. 诗人
p.6
listener // n. 听者
p.6
chart // n. 图；图表
p.6
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
（注：在本词表中，重点词汇用黑体标出。
在英式发音和美式发音有区别时，英式发音在前，美式发音在后。）
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
92
the music charts 音乐排行榜
p.7
break up 破裂；解散
p.7
enter // v. 进来；进去
p.7
Nobel /n@bel/ Prize /praIz/
诺贝尔奖
p.1
New Youth 《新青年》
p.3
A Madman’s Diary 《狂人日记》
p.3
The True Story of Ah Q 《阿Ｑ正传》
p.3
The New Year’s Sacrifice 《祝福》
p.3
Lu Xun Literature Prize 鲁迅文学奖
p.3
Minute Waltz 《一分钟圆舞曲》
p.6
The Quarrymen //
“采矿人”乐队
p.7
The Beatles /z/ “披头士”乐队
p.7
Love Me Do 《爱我吧》
p.7
Imagine 《想象》
p.7
Marie /mri/Curie /kjUri/
玛丽· 居里 （法国著名波兰裔
科学家、物理学家、化学家）
p.1
David // Blaine //
大卫· 布莱恩 （美国魔术师）
p.2
Shirley /3i/Temple //
秀兰· 邓波儿 （美国电影演员）
p.4
Mozart // 莫扎特
（奥地利作曲家）
p.4
Ronaldo// 罗纳尔多
（巴西足球运动员）
p.4
Arthur // 亚瑟 （男名）
p.5
Vivian // 维维安 （女名）
p.5
Midori /i/ 宓多里
（日本小提琴家）
p.5
Laura // 劳拉 （女名）
p.5
Fryderyk /fraIdrIk/ Chopin //
弗里德里克· 肖邦（波兰作曲家、
钢琴家）
p.6
John Lennon /lennn/ 约翰· 列侬
（英国著名摇滚乐队“披头士”
成员）
p.7
Osaka // 大阪
p.5
Russia /rS@/ 俄罗斯
p.5
Poland /p@Ul@nd/ 波兰
p.6
Warsaw // 华沙
p.6
Liverpool // 利物浦
p.7
Unit 2
by // prep. 在⋯⋯之前
p.10
noon // n. 正午
p.10
chemistry // n. 化学
p.10
rest // n. 剩余部分；其余
p.10
unsure // adj. 无把握；
不确知
p.11
conversation /kQnv@seISn/,
/kA:nv@rseISn/ n. 交谈；谈话
p.11
stranger // n. 陌生人
p.11
relaxed // adj. 放松的
p.11
next to 紧挨着的
p.11
shyly // adv. 害羞地；羞怯地；
胆怯地
p.11
uncomfortable //
adj. 不舒服的；不安的
p.11
embarrassed //
adj. 尴尬的；窘迫的
p.11
secret /si:kr@t/ n. 秘密；秘诀
adj. 秘密的；保密的
p.11
93
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
nervously // adv. 神经质地；
焦急地；提心吊胆地
p.11
corner /kO:(r)n@(r)/ n. 拐角；
角落
p.11
suggest /s@dZest/ v. 建议；提议
p.11
attend // v. 出席；参加
p.12
community // n. 社区；
群落；共同体；团体
p.12
wait in line 排队等候
p.12
cost // v. 花费 n. 花费； 价钱
p.13
cultural /l/ adj. 文化的；
与文化有关的
p.14
similarity // n. 相似点
p.14
small talk 闲谈；闲聊
p.14
everyday // adj. 每天的；
日常的
p.14
introduction //
n. 介绍
p.14
dialog /daI@lQg/, /daI@l:g/
n. (=dialogue) 对话；对白
p.14
empty // adj. 空的
p.14
period // n. 一段时间；
时期
p.14
break the ice 打破沉默；打破僵局
p.14
nicely // adv. 漂亮地；很好地 p.14
form /fO:(r)m/ n. 形式；类型
p.14
business // n. 商业；生意
p.14
worker // n. 工作者；
工人
p.14
helpful /helpfl/adj. 有用的；
有帮助的
p.14
customer // n. 顾客
p.14
basic // adj. 基本的
p.14
light // adj. 轻的
p.14
humorous /hju:m@r@s/ adj.
有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
p.14
private /praIv@t/ adj. 私人的；
私密的
p.14
subject // n. 主题；话题
p.14
avoid // v. 避免；回避
p.14
greeting // n. 问候
p.14
therefore // adv. 因此
p.14
chance //, // n. 机会；
可能性
p.14
general // adj. 总的；普遍的；
常规的 n. 将军
p.15
sample //, / / n. 样本；
例子
p.16
tip // n. 建议；提示
p.16
exhibition // n. 展览
p.16
Sandy Beach /bi:tS/ n. 桑迪海滩
p.12
Unit 3
tiring // adj. 引发疲劳的；
累人的
p.17
fascinating //
adj. 迷人的；有极大吸引力的
p.17
thrilling // adj. 令人激动的；
令人震颤的
p.17
take it easy 从容；轻松；不紧张
p.17
trek // v.（缓慢或艰难地）旅行；
长途跋涉
p.17
jungle // n. （热带）丛林
p.17
fall // n. （常 pl.） 瀑布
p.18
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
94
touristy /i/
adj. 游客很多的；游客常去的；
适合游览的
p.18
spotlight // n. 聚光灯；
公众注意的中心
p.19
capital //n. 首都
p.19
France /frA:ns/, /fr{ns/ 法国
p.19
lively /laIvli/ adj. 生气勃勃的；
（色彩）鲜艳的
p.19
sight // n. （常pl.）名胜；风景
p.19
including //
prep. 包含；包括
p.19
cathedral // n. 总教堂；
主教座堂；大教堂
p.19
church // n. 教堂
p.19
convenient //
adj. 便利的；方便的
p.19
underground //
adj. 地下的 n. 地铁
p.19
in general 通常；大体上；一般而言 p.19
wine // n. 葡萄酒；酒
p.19
translate // v. 翻译
p.19
suppose // v. 推断；料想
p.20
pack / v. 包装；装箱
p.20
entertainment //
n. 乐趣；欢乐
p.20
gallery /i/ n. 画廊，美术
陈列室，美术馆；（美术馆等
展出或收藏的全部）美术品
p.20
sail // v. 航行；在⋯⋯上航行
p.22
finding // n. 发现；发现物；
调查（或研究）的结果
p.22
survey // n.调查；测验
p.22
receive // v. 接受；收到
p.22
as soon as possible 尽快地
p.22
choice // n. 选择；挑选
p.22
programming // n. 编程 p.22
dream of 梦想；幻想；向往
p.22
realistic // adj. 现实的；
实际的
p.22
willing // adj. 乐意的；
自愿的；心甘情愿的
p.22
be willing to 乐意（做某事）
p.22
sportspeople //
n. 爱好运动的人；运动员
p.22
conclusion // n. 结论
p.22
hold on to 继续； 坚持； 保持
p.22
company // n. 公司；商号 p.23
attitude // n. 态度
p.23
ideal // adj. 完美的；理想的；
最合适的
p.24
Florida //
（美国）佛罗里达州
p.17
Amazon // （南美洲大河）
亚马孙河
p.17
Niagara // Falls （北美洲）
尼亚加拉大瀑布
p.18
Hawaii // n. （美国）夏威夷 p.18
Mexico // n. 墨西哥
p.18
Eiffel // Tower （法国巴黎）
埃菲尔铁塔
p.19
Notre Dame //
Cathedral（法国）巴黎圣母院
p.19
Sydney // n. （澳大利亚）悉尼市 p.20
95
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Unit 4
textbook /tekstbUk/ n. 教科书；
课本
p.25
aloud /@laUd/ adv. 大声地；出声地 p.26
pronunciation /pr@nVnsieISn/
n. 发音；读音
p.26
sentence /sent@ns/ n.句子
p.26
patient /peISnt/ adj.有耐心的
n.病人
p.26
expression /IkspreSn/
n. 表情；表示；表达方式
p.27
discover /dIskVv@(r)/ v. 发现；
发觉
p.27
look up （在词典、参考书中或通过
电脑）查阅；抬头看
p.27
grammar /gr{m@(r)/ n.语法
p.27
repeat /rIpi:t/ v.重复；重做
p.28
note /n@Ut/ n.笔记；记录
v. 注意；指出
p.28
pal /p{l/ n. 朋友；伙伴
p.28
physics /fIzIks/ n. 物理；物理学
p.28
memorize /memraz/
v. 记忆；记住
p.28
pattern /p{tn/, /p{t@rn/
n. 模式；方式
p.28
pronounce /pr@naUns/ v.发音
p.29
increase /Inkri:s/ v. 增加；增长
p.29
speed /spi:d/ n. 速度
p.29
review /rIvju:/ v. & n. 回顾；复习 p.29
partner /pA:(r)tn@(r)/ n. 搭档；同伴 p.29
born /bO:(r)n/ adj. 天生的
p.30
be born with 天生具有
p.30
ability /@bIl@ti/ n. 能力；才能
p.30
create /krieIt/ v. 创造；创建
p.30
brain /breIn/ n. 大脑
p.30
active /{ktIv/ adj. 活跃的；
积极的
p.30
attention /@tenSn/ n. 注意；关注
p.30
pay attention to 注意；关注
p.30
connect /k@nekt/
v. （使）连接；与⋯⋯有联系
p.30
connect ... with
把⋯⋯和⋯⋯连接或联系起来
p.30
overnight /@Uv@(r)naIt/
adv. 一夜之间；在夜间
p.30
knowledge /nQlIdZ/, /nA:lIdZ/
n. 知识；学问
p.30
lifelong /laIflN/
adj. 终身的；毕生的
p.30
wisely /waIzli/
adv. 明智地；聪明地
p.30
Annie /{ni/安妮（女名）
p.26
Alexander /{lIgznd@(r)/ Graham
/greI@m/ Bell /bel/
亚历山大· 格雷厄姆· 贝尔
p.30
Unit 5
mooncake /mu:nkek/ n. 月饼
p.33
lantern /l{nt@(r)n/ n. 灯笼
p.33
relative /rel@tIv/ n.亲属；亲戚
p.34
put on 增加（体重）；发胖
p.34
pound /paUnd/ n.磅（重量单位）；
英镑（英国货币单位）
p.34
folk /f@Uk/ adj.民间的；民俗的
p.35
goddess /gQdes/, /gA:d@s/ n. 女神 p.35
whoever /hu:ev(r)/ pron. 无论谁；
不管什么人
p.35
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
96
steal /sti:l/ v. (stole /stl/,
stolen /stln/)偷；窃取
p.35
lay /leI/ v. (laid /leId/, laid)
放置；安放；产（卵）；下（蛋） p.35
lay out 摆开；布置
p.35
dessert /dIz3:(r)t/ n. （饭后）甜点；
甜食
p.35
garden /gA:(r)dn/ n. 花园；园子
p.35
tradition /trdSn/ n. 传统
p.35
treat /tri:t/ n. 款待；招待
p.36
tie /taI/ n. 领带 v. 捆；束
p.36
lunar /lu:n@(r)/ adj. 月球的；
月亮的
p.37
riddle /rIdl/ n. 谜；谜语
p.37
celebration /selIbreISn/ n. 庆典；
庆祝活动
p.38
firework /faI@w3:k/ n. 烟火；烟花；
(pl. fireworks)烟花表演
p.38
take place 发生
p.38
gather /g{@(r)/ v. 聚集；集合
p.38
count down 倒计时
p.38
custom /kst@m/ n. 风俗；习俗
p.38
involve /InvQlv/ v. 包含；牵涉
p.38
crowd /kraUd/ n. 人群；观众
p.38
bottom /bQt@m/ n. 底部；最下部
p.38
dust /dst/ n. 沙土；尘土
v. 擦灰；掸去
p.38
couplet /kpl@t/ n. 对联；对句
p.38
set off (sth.) 点燃；使……爆炸
p.38
eve /i:v/ n. 前夕；前夜
p.38
express /Ikspres/ v. 表达；表示
p.38
reunion /ri:ju:nin/ n. 团圆；团聚 p.38
smell /smel/ v. (smelt /smelt/, smelt;
smelled, smelled)闻到；发出……
气味 n. 气味；臭味
p.38
breeze /bri:z/ n. 微风；和风
p.38
picnic /pIknIk/ n. & v. 野餐
p.38
coming /kmIN/ adj. 即将发生的；
下一个的 n. 到来
p.38
Macao /m@kaU/ 澳门
p.34
Chiang Mai /tSi{NmaI/
清迈（泰国城市）
p.34
Egypt /i:dIpt/ 埃及
p.38
Scottish /skQtIS/ adj. 苏格兰的；
苏格兰人的
p.38
Water Festival 泼水节
p.33
Mid-Autumn /mdO:tm/ Festival
中秋节
p.35
Mother’s Day 母亲节
p.36
Father’s Day 父亲节
p.36
Lantern /l{nt@n/ Festival 元宵节 p.37
Spring Festival 春节
p.38
Big Ben /ben/ 大本钟
p.38
Auld Lang Syne /O:ld l{NsaIn/
《友谊地久天长》
p.38
Time Square /skwe@(r)/ 时代广场 p.38
Sham El-Nessim /S{m el nIsi:m/
（埃及）闻风节
p.38
Clara /klA:r@/, /kler@/克拉拉（女名） p.34
Unit 6
restroom /restru:m/
n. （美）洗手间；公共厕所
p.41
stamp /st{mp/ n. 邮票；印章
p.41
bookstore /bUkstO:(r)/ n. 书店
p.41
97
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
beside /bI saId/ prep. 在旁边；
在附近
p.41
postcard /p@UstkA:(r)d/ n. 明信片 p.42
pardon /pA:(r)dn/ v. 原谅
interj. 请再说一遍
p.42
washroom /wQSru:m/, /wA:Sru:m/
n. 洗手间；厕所
p.42
bathroom /bA:Tru:m/, /b{Tru:m/
n. 浴室；洗手间
p.42
normally /n:(r)mli/ adv. 通常；
正常情况下
p.42
rush /rVS/ v. & n. 仓促；急促
p.42
pass by 路过；经过
p.43
staff /stA:f/, /st{f/ n. 管理人员；
职工
p.43
grape /greIp/ n.葡萄
p.44
policeman /p@li:sm@n/
n. (pl. policemen) 男警察
p.44
central /sentr@l/ adj.中心的；
中央的
p.44
nearby /n@ba/ adj. 附近的；邻近的
adv. 在附近；附近
p.44
pardon me 抱歉，对不起；什么，
请再说一遍
p.44
mail /meIl/ v. 邮寄；发电子邮件
n. 邮件；信件
p.44
east /i:st/ adj. 东方的；东部的
adv. 向东；朝东 n. 东；东方
p.44
inexpensive /Inkspensv/
adj. 不昂贵的
p.45
uncrowded /nkraUdd/
adj. 不拥挤的；人少的
p.45
mall /mO:l/ n. 商场；购物中心
p.45
clerk /klA:k/, /kl3:rk/ n. 职员
p.45
corner /kO:(r)n@(r)/ n. 拐角；角落 p.45
politely /p@laItli/ adv. 礼貌地；
客气地
p.46
request /rIkwest/
n. & v. 要求；请求
p.46
direction /d@rekSn/, /dIrekSn/
n. 方向；方位
p.46
correct /k@rekt/ adj. 正确的；
恰当的
p.46
polite /p@laIt/ adj. 有礼貌的；
客气的
p.46
direct /d@rekt/, /dIrekt/ adj. 直接的；
直率的
p.46
speaker /spi:k@(r)/
n. 讲（某种语言）的人；发言者 p.46
whom /hu:m/ pron. 谁；什么人
p.46
impolite /ImplaIt/
adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的
p.46
address /@dres/, /{dres/ n. 住址；
地址；通讯处
p.46
parking lot 停车场；停车区
p.46
course /k:(r)s/ n. 课程；学科
p.47
Italian /It{li@n/ adj. 意大利（人）的
n. 意大利人；意大利语
p.44
Tim /tIm/蒂姆（男名）
p.44
Unit 7
silent /saIl@nt/ adj.不说话的；
沉默的
p.50
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
98
from time to time 时常；有时
p.50
score /skO:(r)/ n. & v. 得分；进球
p.50
background /b{kgraUnd/ n. 背景 p.51
interview /Int@(r)vju:/ v. 采访；面试
n. 面试；访谈
p.51
Asian /eISn/, /eIZn/ adj. 亚洲（人）的
n. 亚洲人
p.51
deal /di:l/ v. （dealt /delt/, dealt）
对付；对待
p.51
deal with 应对；处理
p.51
shyness /Sans/ n. 害羞；腼腆
p.51
dare /de@/, /der/ v. 敢于；胆敢
p.51
ton /tn/ n. 吨；(pl.) 大量；许多
p.51
guard /gA:(r)d/ n. 警卫；看守
v. 守卫；保卫
p.51
require /rIkwaI@(r)/ v. 需要；要求 p.51
European /jU(@)r@pi:@n/
adj. 欧洲（人）的 n. 欧洲人
p.52
African /frkn/ adj. 非洲（人）的
n. 非洲人
p.52
British /brItIS/ adj. 英国（人）的
p.52
speech /spi:tS/ n. 讲话；发言
p.52
public /pblk/ n. 民众
adj. 公开的；公众的
p.52
in public 公开地；在别人（尤指生人）
面前
p.52
ant /{nt/ n. 蚂蚁
p.53
insect /Insekt/ n. 昆虫
p.53
seldom /seld@m/ adv. 不常；很少
p.54
influence /Influ@ns/ v. & n. 影响
p.54
absent /{bs@nt/ adj. 缺席；不在 p.54
fail /feIl/ v. 不及格；失败；
未能（做到）
p.54
examination /Igz{mIneISn/
n. 考试；审查
p.54
boarding /bO:(r)dIN/ school
寄宿学校
p.54
in person 亲身；亲自
p.54
exactly /Igz{ktli/ adv. 确切地；
精确地
p.54
pride /praId/ n. 自豪；骄傲
p.54
take pride in 为⋯⋯感到自豪
p.54
proud /praUd/ adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 p.54
be proud of 为⋯⋯骄傲；感到自豪 p.54
Paula /pO:l@/ 葆拉 （女名）
p.50
Alfred /{lfrId/艾尔弗雷德（男名） p.50
Billy /bIli/ 比利（男名）
p.50
Candy /k{ndi/ 坎迪 （女名）
p.51
Jerry /dZeri/ 杰里（男名）；
杰丽（女名）
p.52
Emily /emIli/ 埃米莉（女名）
p.52
Unit 8
chopstick /tSQpstIk/, /tSA:pstIk/
n. 筷子
p.57
coin /kOIn/ n. 硬币
p.57
fork /fO:(r)k/ n. 餐叉；叉子
p.57
blouse /blaUz/, /blaUs/
n. （女式）短上衣；衬衫
p.57
silver /sIlv@(r)/ n. 银；银器
adj. 银色的
p.57
glass /gl:s/, /gls/ n. 玻璃
p.57
cotton /kQtn/, /"kA:tn/ n. 棉；棉花 p.57
steel /sti:l/ n. 钢；钢铁
p.57
fair /fe(r)/, /fer/ n. 展览会；
交易会
p.58
99
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
environmental /n vaIrnmentl/
adj. 自然环境的；有关环境的
p.58
grass /grA:s/, /gr{s/ n. 草；草地
p.58
leaf /li:f/ n. （pl. leaves /li:vz/）
叶；叶子
p.58
produce /pr@dju:s/, /pr@du:s/
v. 生产；制造；出产
p.58
widely /waIdli/ adv. 广泛地；
普遍地
p.58
be known for 以⋯⋯闻名；
为人知晓
p.58
process /prses/ v. 加工；处理
n. 过程
p.58
product /prQdVkt/, /prA:dVkt/
n. 产品；制品
p.59
no matter 不论；无论
p.59
local /l@Ukl/ adj. 当地的；本地的
p.59
brand /br{nd/ n. 品牌；牌子
p.59
handbag /h{ndb{g/ n. 小手提包 p.59
mobile /m@UbaIl/, /m@Ubl/
adj. 可移动的；非固定的
p.59
boss /bs/, /b:s/ n. 老板；上司
p.60
Germany /dZ3:(r)m@ni/德国
p.60
surface /s3:(r)fIs/ n. 表面；表层
p.60
material /m@tI@ri@l/ n. 材料；原料 p.60
punish /pVnS/ v. 处罚；惩罚
p.60
traffic /trfk/ n. 交通；路上行驶的
车辆
p.60
postman /p@Ustm@n/ n. 邮递员
p.60
cap /k{p/ n. （尤指有帽舌的）帽子 p.60
glove /glVv/ n. （分手指的）手套
p.60
international /Int@(r)n{Sn@l/
adj. 国际的
p.61
competitor /k@mpetIt@(r)/
n. 参赛者；竞争者
p.61
its /Its/ pron. 它的
p.62
clay /kleI/ n. 黏土；陶土
p.62
balloon /b@lu:n/ n. 气球
p.62
paper cutting 剪纸
p.62
scissors /sIz@(r)z/ n. (pl.) 剪刀
p.62
fairy /fe@ri/, /feri/ tale /teIl/
童话故事
p.62
historical /hstrIkl/, /hstO:rIkl/
adj. （有关）历史的
p.62
heat /hi:t/ n. 热；高温
v. 加热；变热
p.62
polish /pQlIS/, /pA:lIS/
v. 磨光；修改；润色
p.62
complete /k@mpli:t/ v. 完成
p.62
South Korea /k@ri:@/ 韩国
p.57
Switzerland /swIts@(r)l@nd/ 瑞士 p.59
San Francisco /s{n fr@nsIsk@U/
圣弗朗西斯科
（旧金山，美国城市）
p.35
Marcus /mA:(r)ks/ 马库斯（男名） p.34
Pam /pm/ 帕姆 （女名）
p.34
Vocabulary Index
100
Vocabulary Index
（注：在本词表中，重点词汇用黑体标出。
在英式发音和美式发音有区别时，英式发音在前，美式发音在后。）
A
ability /@bIl@ti/ n.能力；才能
p.30
absent /{bs@nt/ adj. 缺席；不在
p.54
active /{ktIv/ adj. 活跃的；积极的 p.30
address /@dres/, /{dres/ n. 住址；
地址；通讯处
p.46
admire /@dmaI@(r)/ v. 欣赏；仰慕
p.2
African /frkn/ adj. 非洲（人）的
n. 非洲人
p.52
agricultural /grIklt@r@l/
n. 农业的；农用的
p.1
aloud /@laUd/ adv. 大声地；出声地 p.26
ant /{nt/ n. 蚂蚁
p.53
as //, // conj. 因为；由于
p.3
as soon as possible 尽快地
p.22
Asian /eISn/, /eIZn/ adj. 亚洲（人）的
n. 亚洲人
p.51
attend // v. 出席；参加
p.12
attention /@tenSn/ n. 注意；关注
p.30
attitude // n. 态度
p.23
avoid /@vOId/ v. 避免；回避
p.14
B
background /b{kgraUnd/ n. 背景 p.51
balloon /b@lu:n/ n. 气球
p.62
basic // adj. 基本的；基础的 p.14
bathroom /bA:Tru:m/,
/b{Tru:m/ n. 浴室；洗手间
p.42
be born 出生；出世
p.1
be born with 天生具有
p.30
be known for 以⋯⋯闻名；
为人知晓
p.58
be proud of 为⋯⋯骄傲；感到自豪 p.54
be willing to 乐意（做某事）
p.22
beside /bI saId/ prep. 在旁边；
在附近
p.41
besides // prep. 除⋯⋯之外
p.3
blouse /blaUz/, /blaUs/
n. （女式）短上衣；衬衫
p.57
boarding /bO:(r)dIN/ school
寄宿学校
p.54
bookstore /bUkstO:(r)/ n. 书店
p.41
born /bO:(r)n/ v. 出生
p.1
born /bO:(r)n/ adj. 天生的
p.30
boss /bs/, /b:s/ n. 老板；上司
p.60
bottom /bQt@m/ n. 底部；最下部
p.38
brain /breIn/ n. 大脑
p.30
brand /br{nd/ n. 品牌；牌子
p.59
Brazilian // adj. 巴西的
n. 巴西人
p.4
break the ice 打破沉默；打破僵局
p.14
break up 破裂；解散
p.7
breeze /bri:z/ n. 微风；和风
p.38
British /brItIS/ adj. 英国的；
英国人的
p.52
business /bIzn@s/ n. 生意；商业
p.14
101
Vocabulary Index
by // prep. 在⋯⋯之前
p.10
C
call on 呼吁；号召；要求
p.3
cap /k{p/ n. （尤指有帽舌的）帽子 p.60
capital //n. 首都
p.19
care /ke(r)/ v. 关注；在意；担忧
p.3
cathedral // n. 总教堂；
主教座堂；大教堂
p.19
celebration /selIbreISn/ n. 庆典；
庆祝活动
p.38
central /sentr@l/ adj. 中心的；
中央的
p.44
chance //, // n. 机会；
可能性
p.14
chart // n. 图；图表
p.6
chemist /kemIst/ n. 化学家；药剂师 p.1
chemistry /kemIstri/ n.化学
p.10
choice // n. 选择；挑选
p.22
chopstick /tSQpstIk/, /tSA:pstIk/
n. 筷子
p.57
church // n. 教堂
p.19
clay /kleI/ n. 黏土；陶土
p.62
clerk /klA:k/, /kl3:rk/ n. 职员
p.45
coin /kOIn/ n. 硬币
p.57
come true （愿望、希望等）实现；
成为现实
p.3
coming /kmIN/ adj. 即将发生的；
下一个的 n. 到来
p.38
community // n. 社区；
群落；共同体；团体
p.12
company // n. 公司；
商号
p.23
competitor /k@mpetIt@(r)/
n. 参赛者；竞争者
p.61
complete /k@mpli:t/ v. 完成
p.62
conclusion // n. 结论
p.22
connect /k@nekt/ v. （使）连接；
与⋯⋯有联系
p.30
connect … with
把⋯⋯和⋯⋯连接或联系起来
p.30
convenient /k@nvi:ni@nt/ adj.
便利的；方便的
p.19
conversation /kQnv@seISn/,
/kA:nv@rseISn/ n. 交谈；谈话
p.11
corner /kO:(r)n@(r)/ n. 拐角；角落 p.11
correct /k@rekt/ adj. 正确的；
恰当的
p.46
cost // v. 花费 n. 花费；价钱
p.13
cotton /kQtn/, /"kA:tn/ n. 棉；棉花
p.57
count down 倒计时
p.38
couplet /kpl@t/ n. 对联；对句
p.38
course /k:(r)s/ n. 课程；学科
p.47
create /krieIt/ v. 创造；创建
p.30
crowd /kraUd/ n. 人群；观众
p.38
cultural /l/ adj. 文化的；
与文化有关的
p.14
custom /kst@m/ n. 风俗；习俗
p.38
customer // n. 顾客
p.14
D
dare /de@/, /der/ v. 敢于；胆敢
p.51
deal /di:l/ v. （dealt /delt/, dealt）
对付；对待
p.51
deal with 对付；应付
p.51
Vocabulary Index
102
dessert /dI"z3:(r)t/ n. （饭后）甜点；
甜食
p.35
dialog /daI@lQg/, /daI@l:g/
n. (=dialogue) 对话；对白
p.14
direct /d@rekt/, /dIrekt/
adj. 直接的；直率的
p.46
direction /d@rekSn/, /dIrekSn/
n. 方向；方位
p.46
discover /dIskVv@(r)/ v. 发现；发觉 p.27
dream of 梦想；幻想；向往
p.22
drop out of school 辍学
p.3
dust /dst/ n. 沙土；尘土
v. 擦灰；掸去
p.38
E
east /i:st/ adj. 东方的；东部的
adv. 向东；朝东 n. 东；东方
p.44
embarrassed //
adj. 尴尬的,窘迫的
p.11
empty // adj. 空的
p.14
enter // v. 进来；进去
p.7
entertainment //
n. 乐趣；欢乐
p.20
environmental /n vaIrnmentl/
adj. 自然环境的；有关环境的
p.58
European / jU(@)r@pi:@n/
adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人的
p.52
eve /i:v/ n. 前夕；前夜
p.38
even though 虽然；即使
p.59
everyday // adj. 每天的；
日常的
p.14
exactly /Igz{ktli/ adv. 确切地；
精确地
p.54
examination /Igz{mIneISn/
n. 考试；审查
p.54
exhibition // n. 展览
p.16
express /Ikspres/ v. 表达；表示
p.38
expression /IkspreSn/
n. 表达（方式）；表示
p.27
F
fail /feIl/ v. 失败；未能（做到）
p.54
fair /fe(r)/, /fer/ n. 展览会；
交易会
p.58
fairy /fe@ri/, /feri/ tale /teIl/
童话故事
p.62
faithfully /feITf@li/ adv. 忠实地；
忠诚地
p.48
fall // n. （常 pl.） 瀑布
p.18
fall in love with 爱上；与⋯⋯相爱
p.27
fascinating //
adj. 迷人的；极有吸引力的
p.17
figure /fIg(r)/ n. 人物；人士
p.3
finding // n. 发现；发现物；
调查（或研究）的结果
p.22
firework /faI@w3:k/ n. 烟火；烟花；
(pl. fireworks)烟花表演
p.38
flat // adj. 水平的；平坦的
p.2
folk /f@Uk/ adj.民间的；民俗的
p.35
fool /fu:l/ n. 蠢人；傻瓜 v. 愚弄
adj. 愚蠢的
p.38
fork /fO:(r)k/ n. 餐叉；叉子
p.57
form /fO:(r)m/ n. 形式；类型
p.14
France /frA:ns/, /fr{ns/ 法国
p.19
from time to time 时常；有时
p.50
103
Vocabulary Index
G
gallery /i/ n. 画廊，美术
陈列室，美术馆；（美术馆等
展出或收藏的全部）美术品
p.20
garden /gA:(r)dn/ n. 花园；园子
p.35
gather /g{@(r)/ v. 聚集；集合
p.38
general // adj. 总的；普遍的；
常规的 n. 将军
p.15
Germany /dZ3:(r)m@ni/德国
p.60
get in trouble 遇到麻烦
p.2
glass /gl:s/, /gls/ n. 玻璃
p.57
glove /glVv/ n. （分手指的）手套
p.60
goddess /gQdes/, /gA:d@s/ n. 女神 p.35
grammar /gr{m@(r)/ n.语法
p.27
grandson /grnsn/ n. 孙子；外孙 p.5
grape /greIp/ n.葡萄
p.44
grass /grA:s/, /gr{s/ n. 草；草地
p.58
greeting // n. 问候
p.14
guard /gA:(r)d/ n. 警卫；看守
v. 守卫；保卫
p.51
guy/g/n. 家伙；男人；小伙子
p.2
H
handbag /h{ndb{g/ n. 小手提包
p.59
heat /hi:t/ n. 热；高温
p.62
helpful /helpfl/adj. 有用的；
有帮助的
p.14
historical /hstrIkl/, /hstO:rIkl/
adj. （有关）历史的
p.62
hold on to 继续； 坚持； 保持
p.22
humorous /hju:m@r@s/ adj.
有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
p.14
hunger /hg@(r)/ n. 饥饿；渴望
p.1
I
ice // n. 冰
p.2
ideal // adj. 完美的；理想的；
最合适的
p.24
impolite /ImplaIt/
adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的
p.46
in general 通常；大体上；一般而言 p.19
in person 亲身；亲自
p.54
in public 公开地；在别人（尤指生人）
面前
p.52
including //
prep. 包含；包括
p.19
increase /Inkri:s/ v. 增加；增长
p.29
inexpensive /Inkspensv/
adj. 不昂贵的
p.45
influence /Influ@ns/ v. & n. 影响
p.54
insect /Insekt/ n. 昆虫
p.53
inspire /InspaIə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞
p.3
international /Int@(r)n{Sn@l/
adj. 国际的
p.61
interview /Int@(r)vju:/ v. 采访；
面试 n. 面试；访谈
p.51
introduction /Intr@dVkSn/ n. 介绍 p.14
involve /InvQlv/ v. 包含；牵涉
p.38
its /Its/ pron. 它的
p.62
J
jungle // n. （热带）丛林
p.17
K
kind // adj. 亲切的；和蔼的
p.5
knowledge /nQlIdZ/, /nA:lIdZ/
n. 知识；学问
p.30
Vocabulary Index
104
L
lantern /l{nt@(r)n/ n. 灯笼
p.33
lay /leI/ v. (laid /leId/, laid)
放置；安放；产（卵）；下（蛋） p.35
lay out 摆开；布置
p.35
leaf /li:f/ n. （pl. leaves /li:vz/）
叶；叶子
p.58
lifelong /laIflN/
adj. 终身的；毕生的
p.30
light // adj. 轻的
p.14
listener // n. 听者
p.6
literary /lItrri/ adj. 文学的；
文学上的
p.3
literature /lItrt(r)/ n. 文学
p.3
live /lav/ adj. 现场直播的；
实况转播的
p.1
lively /laIvli/ adj. 生气勃勃的；
（色彩）鲜艳的
p.19
local /l@Ukl/ adj. 当地的；本地的
p.59
look up （在词典、参考书中或通过
电脑）查阅；抬头看
p.27
lover // n. 爱好者；热爱者
p.6
loving // adj. 爱的；充满爱的
p.5
lunar /lu:n@(r)/ adj. 月球的；
月亮的
p.37
M
mail /meIl/ v. 邮寄；发电子邮件
n. 邮件；信件
p.44
mall /mO:l/ n. 商场；购物中心
p.45
material /m@tI@ri@l/ n. 材料；原料 p.60
means // n. 方式；方法；
途径
p.3
memorize /memraz/
v. 记忆；记住
p.28
mobile /m@UbaIl/, /m@Ubl/
adj. 可移动的；非固定的
p.59
mooncake /mu:nkek/ n. 月饼
p.33
N
national // adj. 国家的；
民族的
p.4
nearby /n@ba/ adj. 附近的；邻近的
adv. 在附近；附近
p.44
nervously // adv. 神经质地；
焦急地；提心吊胆地
p.11
next to 紧挨着的
p.11
nicely // adv. 漂亮地；很好地 p.14
no matter 不论；无论
p.59
nobody /n@Ub@di/, /n@Ub:di/
pron. 没有人
p.38
noon // n. 正午
p.10
normally /n:(r)mli/ adv. 通常；
正常情况下
p.42
note /n@Ut/ n.笔记；记录
v. 注意；指出
p.28
novel /nQvl/, /nA:vl/ n. （长篇）小说 p.3
O
opera // n. 歌剧
p.4
overnight /@Uv@(r)naIt/
adv. 一夜之间；在夜间
p.30
P
pack / v. 包装；装箱
p.20
paint /peInt/ v. 用颜料画；刷漆
p.2
105
Vocabulary Index
pal /p{l/ n. 朋友；伙伴
p.28
paper cutting 剪纸
p.62
pardon /pA:(r)dn/ interj.
请再说一遍；抱歉，对不起
p.42
pardon me 抱歉，对不起；什么，
请再说一遍
p.44
parking lot 停车场；停车区
p.46
partner /pA:(r)tn@(r)/ n. 搭档；
同伴
p.29
pass by 路过；经过
p.43
patient /peISnt/ adj. 有耐心的
n.病人
p.26
pattern /p{tn/, /p{t@rn/
n. 模式；方式
p.28
pay attention to 注意；关注
p.30
perform // v. 表演；演出
p.4
period // n. 一段时间；
时期
p.14
physicist /fIzIsIst/ n. 物理学家；
物理学研究者
p.1
physics /fIzIks/ n. 物理；物理学
p.28
picnic /pIknIk/ n. & v. 野餐
p.38
poet // n. 诗人
p.6
policeman /p@li:sm@n/
n. (pl. policemen) 男警察
p.44
polish /pQlIS/, /pA:lIS/ v. 磨光；
修改；润色
p.62
polite /p@laIt/ adj. 有礼貌的；
客气的
p.46
politely /p@laItli/ adv. 礼貌地；
客气地
p.46
postcard /p@UstkA:(r)d/ n. 明信片 p.42
postman /p@Ustm@n/ n. 邮递员
p.60
pound /paUnd/ n.磅（重量单位）；
英镑（英国货币单位）
p.34
pride /praId/ n. 自豪；骄傲
p.54
private /praIv@t/ adj. 私人的；
私密的
p.14
process /prses/ v. 加工；处理
n. 过程
p.58
produce /pr@dju:s/, /pr@du:s/
v. 生产；制造；出产
p.58
product /prQdVkt/, /prA:dVkt/
n. 产品；制品
p.59
programming // n. 编程 p.22
pronounce /pr@naUns/ v.发音
p.29
pronunciation /pr@nVnsieISn/
n. 发音；读音
p.26
proud /praUd/ adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 p.54
province /prQvIns/ n. 省份；（某些
国家的）一级行政区
p.3
public /pblk/ n. 民众
adj. 公开的；公众的
p.52
publish // v. 出版；发行
p.3
punish /pVnS/ v. 处罚；惩罚
p.60
put on 增加（体重）；发胖
p.34
R
realistic // adj. 现实的；
实际的
p.22
receive // v. 接受；收到
p.22
reduce /rdjus/ v. 减少；缩小
p.1
relative /rel@tIv/ n.亲属；亲戚
p.34
relaxed // adj. 放松的
p.11
repeat /rIpi:t/ v.重复；重做
p.28
request /rIkwest/ n. 要求；请求
p.46
Vocabulary Index
106
require /rIkwaI@(r)/
v. 需要；要求
p.51
rest // n. 剩余部分；其余
p.10
restroom /restru:m/ n.
（美）洗手间；公共厕所
p.41
reunion /ri:ju:nin/ n. 团圆；团聚 p.38
review /rIvju:/ v. & n. 回顾；复习 p.29
riddle /rIdl/ n. 谜；谜语
p.37
rush /rVS/ v. & n. 仓促；急促
p.42
Russia /rS@/ 俄罗斯
p.5
S
sample //, / / n. 样本；
例子
p.16
sail // v. 航行；在⋯⋯上航行
p.22
scissors /sIz@(r)z/ n. (pl.) 剪刀
p.62
score /skO:(r)/ n. & v. 得分；
打分
p.50
secret /si:kr@t/ n. 秘密；秘诀
adj. 秘密的；保密的
p.11
seldom /seld@m/ adv. 不常；很少
p.54
sentence /sent@ns/ n.句子
p.26
set off (sth.) 点燃；使……爆炸
p.38
shyly // adv. 害羞地；羞怯地；
胆怯地；
p.11
shyness /Sans/ n. 害羞；腼腆
p.51
sight // n. （常pl.）名胜；风景
p.19
silent /saIl@nt/ adj. 不说话的；
沉默的
p.50
silver /sIlv@(r)/ n. 银；银器
adj. 银色的
p.57
similarity // n. 相似点
p.14
skating //n. 滑冰
p.5
small talk 闲谈；闲聊
p.14
smell /smel/ v. (smelt /smelt/, smelt;
smelled, smelled)闻到；发出……
气味 n. 气味；臭味
p.38
speaker /spi:k@(r)/ n. 讲（某种
语言）的人；发言者
p.46
speech /spi:tS/ n. 讲话；发言
p.52
speed /spi:d/ n. 速度
p.29
spiritual /spIrItul/ adj. 精神的；
心灵的
p.3
sportspeople //
n. 爱好运动的人；运动员
p.22
spotlight // n. 聚光灯；
公众注意的中心
p.19
staff /stA:f/, /st{f/ n. 管理人员；
职工
p.43
stamp /st{mp/ n. 邮票；印章
p.41
steal /sti:l/ v. (stole /stl/,
stolen /stln/)偷；窃取
p.35
steel /sti:l/ n. 钢；钢铁
p.57
stranger /streIndZ@(r)/ n. 陌生人
p.11
subject // n. 主题；话题
p.14
suggest /s@dZest/ v. 建议；提议
p.11
suppose // v. 推断；料想
p.20
surface /s3:(r)fIs/ n. 表面；表层
p.60
survey // n.调查；测验
p.22
swimmer // n. 游泳者；
游泳运动员
p.1
T
take it easy 从容；轻松；不紧张
p.17
take place 发生
p.38
take pride in 为⋯⋯感到自豪
p.54
107
Vocabulary Index
textbook /tekstbUk/ n. 教科书；
课本
p.25
the music charts 音乐排行榜
p.7
therefore // adv. 因此
p.14
thrilling // adj. 令人激动的；
令人震颤的
p.17
tie /taI/ n. 领带 v. 捆；束
p.36
tip // n. 建议；提示
p.16
tiring // adj. 引发疲劳的；
累人的
p.17
ton /tn/ n. 吨；(pl.) 大量；许多
p.51
touristy /i/ adj. 游客很多的；
游客常去的；适合游览的
p.18
tower/@(r)/n. 塔；塔楼
p.2
tradition /trdSn/ n. 传统
p.35
traffic /trfk/ n. 交通；路上行驶的
车辆
p.60
translate // v. 翻译
p.19
treat /tri:t/ n. 款待；招待
p.36
trek // v.（缓慢或艰难地）旅行；
长途跋涉
p.17
try every means to do 想方设法
（做某事）
p.3
U
uncomfortable //
adj. 不舒服的；不安的
p.11
uncrowded /nkraUdd/
adj. 不拥挤的；人少的
p.45
underground //
adj. 地下的 n. 地铁
p.19
unsure // adj. 无把握；
不确知
p.11
W
wait in line 排队等候
p.12
waltz // n. 华尔兹舞；
圆舞曲
p.6
washroom /wQSru:m/, /wA:Sru:m/
n. 洗手间；厕所
p.42
whoever /hu:ev(r)/ pron. 无论谁；
不管什么人
p.35
whom /hu:m/ pron. 谁；什么人
p.46
widely /waIdli/ adv. 广泛地；
普遍地
p.58
willing // adj. 乐意的；
自愿的；心甘情愿的
p.22
wine // n. 葡萄酒；酒
p.19
wisely /waIzli/ adv. 明智地；
聪明地
p.30
work /w3k/ n. 著作；作品
p.3
worker // n. 工作者；
工人
p.14
Irregular Verbs
108
Irregular Verbs
Verb
Past tense Past participle
be (am,
is, are)
was, were
been
bear
bore
born / borne
beat
beat
beaten
become became
become
begin
began
begun
blow
blew
blown
break
broke
broken
bring
brought
brought
build
built
built
burn
burnt /
burned
burnt / burned
buy
bought
bought
catch
caught
caught
choose
chose
chosen
come
came
come
cost
cost
cost
cut
cut
cut
deal
dealt
dealt
dig
dug
dug
do
did
done
draw
drew
drawn
dream
dreamt /
dreamed
dreamt / dreamed
drink
drank
drunk
drive
drove
driven
eat
ate
eaten
fall
fell
fallen
Verb
Past tense Past participle
feed
fed
fed
feel
felt
felt
fight
fought
fought
find
found
found
fly
flew
flown
forget
forgot
forgotten
get
got
got / gotten
give
gave
given
go
went
gone
grow
grew
grown
hang
(悬挂) hung
hung
have
(has)
had
had
hear
heard
heard
hide
hid
hidden
hit
hit
hit
hold
held
held
hurt
hurt
hurt
keep
kept
kept
know
knew
known
lay
laid
laid
lead
led
led
learn
learnt /
learned
learnt / learned
leave
left
left
lend
lent
lent
let
let
let
109
Irregular Verbs
Verb
Past tense Past participle
lie (躺) lay
lain
light
lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
mean
meant
meant
meet
met
met
mistake mistook
mistaken
pay
paid
paid
put
put
put
read
/ri:d/
read /red/
read /red/
ride
rode
ridden
ring
rang
rung
rise
rose
risen
run
ran
run
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
set
set
set
shake
shook
shaken
shine
shone
shone
show
showed
shown
shut
shut
shut
sing
sang
sung
sit
sat
sat
Verb
Past tense Past participle
sleep
slept
slept
smell
smelt /
smelled
smelt / smelled
speak
spoke
spoken
speed
sped /
speeded
sped / speeded
spell
spelt /
spelled
spelt / spelled
spend
spent
spent
spread
spread
spread
stand
stood
stood
steal
stole
stolen
stick
stuck
stuck
swim
swam
swum
take
took
taken
teach
taught
taught
tell
told
told
think
thought
thought
throw
threw
thrown
under
stand
understood understood
wake
woke
woken
wear
wore
worn
win
won
won
write
wrote
written
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