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独家原创:高中英语“文体写作(素材与运用)”系列39. 应用文写作26(便条)

独家原创:高中英语“文体写作(素材与运用)”系列39. 应用文写作26(便条)

作者简介:深耕一线英语教学近40载;中考、高考命题研究专家;发表文章2000余篇;主编《英语满分作文》书系、《英语奥林匹克》、《英语写作素材大辞典》、《现代英汉双解大辞典》、《多功能英汉大辞典》等300余本畅销全国的教学及竞赛辅导用书。

本节内容包含:写作概述+ 核心词汇(分类别)+ 提分词块(分类别)+ 经典佳句(分类别)+ 优美语段(分类别)+ 素材运用(分类别)

◆写作概述

英文便条是一种简短、非正式的书面交流形式,在日常生活和工作场景中广泛应用。

便条的格式较为简洁。通常在顶端注明日期,以便明确信息传递的时间顺序。接着是称呼,如“Dear [具体称呼]”,称呼要根据对象来确定,较为亲近随意。正文部分是核心内容,需用简洁明了的语言准确传达关键信息,例如告知事件、请求帮助、安排会面等,一般遵循一事一便条原则,避免信息混杂。结尾处可根据情况使用“Best regards”“Yours sincerely” 等常用结束语,最后是署名。

在语言风格上,便条具有显著特点。由于其非正式性,用词较为简单、口语化,多使用常用词汇和短语,避免复杂的长难句和生僻词汇。句子结构通常简短直接,像“Please call me back.”“I'm going to the library.” 这样的表述很常见。同时,便条常使用缩写形式,如“I'm”(I am)、“it's”(it is)等,以增强口语化氛围。

便条的类型丰富多样。有请假便条,用于向老师、老板等说明请假事由和时长;留言便条,当无法当面告知他人事情时留下信息,如告知访客自己的去向;邀请便条,邀请朋友参加聚会、活动等;感谢便条,对他人的帮助、礼物表达感激之情。不同类型的便条重点不同,但都以快速有效地传递关键信息为目的。

总之,英文便条虽简短,却在人际交流中起着重要作用。掌握其格式、语言风格和类型特点,能够帮助我们在英语交流环境中更便捷、自然地与他人沟通信息,无论是在学校、职场还是社交场合都能灵活运用。

◆核心词汇

一、表达告知相关的词汇

1. inform (v. 通知;告知)

2. notify (v. 通告;告知)

3. let know (告知[短语])

4. mention (v. 提及;说起)

5. state (v. 陈述;说明)

6. disclose (v. 揭露;透露)

7. reveal (v. 揭示;显示)

8. tell (v. 告诉)

9. communicate (v. 传达;交流)

10. apprise (v. 通知;告知)

二、表达请求相关的词汇

1. request (v./n. 请求;要求)

2. ask (v. 请求;询问)

3. beg (v. 恳求;祈求)

4. implore ((v. 哀求;恳求)

5. plead (v.恳求;请求)

6. desire (v./n. 渴望;要求)

7. require (v. 需要;要求)

8. seek (v. 寻求;请求)

9. petition ((v./n. 请愿;请求)

10. entreat ((v. 恳求;乞求)

三、表达安排相关的词汇

1. arrange (v. 安排;筹备)

2. schedule (v./n. 安排时间;日程安排)

3. plan (v./n. 计划;安排)

4. fix (v. 确定;安排)

5. set (v. 设定;安排)

6. organize (v. 组织;安排)

7. coordinate (v. 协调;安排)

8. map out (v. 短语]筹划;安排)

9. work out (v. 短语]制定;安排)

10. lay out (v. 短语]安排;布置)

四、表达感谢相关的词汇

1. thank (v.感谢)

2. appreciate (v. 感激;欣赏)

3. be grateful for (v. 短语对…… 感激)

4. express gratitude (v. 短语表达感激)

5. give thanks (v. 短语感谢)

6. acknowledge (v. 答谢;承认)

7. return thanks (v. 短语答谢)

8. indebted (adj. 感激的;受惠的)

9. obliged (adj. 感激的;有义务的)

10. thankful (adj. 感谢的;欣慰的)

五、表达时间相关的词汇

1. soon (adv. 不久;很快)

2. immediately (adv. 立即;马上)

3. promptly (adv. 迅速地;敏捷地)

4. shortly (adv. 立刻;不久)

5. later (adv. 后来;稍后)

6. earlier (adv. 早些时候;在初期)

7. tomorrow (n./adv. 明天;在明天)

8. yesterday (n./adv. 昨天;在昨天)

9. next week/month/year (n. 短语下周 / 下个月 / 明年)

10. last week/month/year (n. 短语上周 / 上个月 / 去年)

六、表达地点相关的词汇

1. here (adv. 在这里)

2. there (adv. 在那里)

3. home (n./adv. 家;在家)

4. office (n. 办公室)

5. school (n. 学校)

6. library (n. 图书馆)

7. supermarket (n. 超市)

8. restaurant (n. 餐厅)

9. park (n. 公园)

10. cinema (n. 电影院)

七、表达方便与否相关的词汇

1. convenient (adj. 方便的;便利的)

2. inconvenient (adj. 不方便的;打扰的)

3. suitable (adj. 合适的;适宜的)

4. appropriate (adj. 适当的;恰当的)

5. handy (adj. 便利的;手边的)

6. awkward (adj. 尴尬的;不方便的)

7. difficult (adj. 困难的;不便的)

8. easy (adj. 容易的;方便的)

9. trouble - free (adj. 无麻烦的;方便的)

10. hassle - free (adj. 无麻烦的;方便的)

◆经典词块

一、开头称呼

1. Dear [Name] (亲爱的 [名字])

2. My dear [Name] (我亲爱的 [名字])

3. Hi [Name] (嗨,[名字])

4. Hello [Name] (你好,[名字])

5. To [Name] (致 [名字])

6. Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms. [Last Name] (先生 / 夫人 / 小姐 / 女士 [姓氏])

二、请假条相关

1. ask for leave (请假)

2. apply for sick leave (申请病假)

3. take a day off (请一天假)

4. have a cold/fever/toothache/stomachache (感冒 / 发烧 / 牙疼 / 胃疼)

5. be ill in bed (卧病在床)

6. have a doctor's note (有医生证明)

7. due to a sudden illness (由于突发疾病)

8. because of personal affairs (因为个人事务)

9. I'm writing to request a leave of absence. (我写信是为了请求请假。)

10. I hope you can approve my leave. (希望您能批准我的请假申请。)

三、留言条相关

1. leave a message (留言)

2. inform you that... (通知你……)

3. tell you something (告诉你一些事情)

4. remind you of... (提醒你……)

5. The thing is... (事情是这样的……)

6. Just to let you know... (只是想让你知道……)

7. I came to see you but you were out. (我来看你,但你出去了。)

8. Please call me back when you see this note. (看到这张便条后请给我回电话。)

9. I'll come by again later. (我稍后会再来。)

10. Don't forget about our appointment. (别忘了我们的约定。)

四、邀请便条相关

1. invite you to... (邀请你去……)

2. would like to invite you (想邀请你)

3. have a party/dinner/celebration (举办派对 / 晚宴 / 庆祝活动)

4. It will be held at... (它将在……举行)

5. The time is... (时间是……)

6. I sincerely hope you can come. (我衷心希望你能来。)

7. Your presence will surely add to the joy of the occasion. (你的出席肯定会增添这个场合的欢乐。)

8. Please let me know if you are available. (请告诉我你是否有空。)

9. Looking forward to your coming. (期待你的到来。)

10. RSVP by [date] (请在 [日期] 前回复)

五、道歉便条相关

1. apologize to you for... (因……向你道歉)

2. I'm really sorry for... (我真的为……感到抱歉)

3. make an apology (道歉)

4. It was my fault. (这是我的错。)

5. I didn't mean to... (我不是故意……)

6. Please forgive me. (请原谅我。)

7. I hope you can accept my apology. (希望你能接受我的道歉。)

8. I will make up for it. (我会弥补的。)

9. I deeply regret what I have done. (我对我所做的事深感后悔。)

10. Please give me a chance to make it up to you. (请给我一个机会弥补你。)

六、结尾常用语

1. Best regards (致以最诚挚的问候)

2. With best wishes (祝好)

3. Yours sincerely (你真诚的)

4. Yours faithfully (你忠实的)

5. Take care (保重)

6. See you soon (很快见)

7. Looking forward to hearing from you (期待你的回信)

8. Hope to see you again (希望再次见到你)

9. Have a nice day (祝你有美好的一天)

10. All the best (一切顺利)

七、通用短语

1. as soon as possible (尽快)

2. in a hurry (匆忙地)

3. according to... (根据……)

4. by the way (顺便说一下)

5. in fact (事实上)

6. in case (万一)

7. as a result (结果)

8. on the contrary (相反)

9. in addition (此外)

10. for example (例如)

1. in general (一般来说)

2. in my opinion (在我看来)

3. to be honest (说实话)

4. at present (目前)

5. in the end (最后)

6. make sure (确保)

7. keep in touch (保持联系)

8. take one's time (慢慢来)

9. do one's best (尽力而为)

10. have a good time (玩得开心)

◆经典佳句

一、告知类

1. I have the pleasure to inform you that our school will hold a sports meeting next week.(我很高兴地通知您我们学校下周将举办运动会。)2. Just to let you know that I got the job I applied for.(只是想让你知道我得到了我申请的那份工作。)3. I'm writing to tell you that the party has been cancelled.(我写信是要告诉你派对已经取消了。)4. It is to notify you that the library will close early this Saturday.(特此通知你图书馆本周六将提前关闭。)5. Let me inform you that the new product will be launched next month.(让我告知你新产品将于下月推出。)二、请求类

1. Could you please lend me your math textbook? I left mine at home.(你能把你的数学课本借给我吗?我把我的忘在家里了。)2. Would you mind helping me with my English homework?(你介意帮我做英语作业吗?)3. I wonder if you could give me a ride to the airport.(我想知道你能否载我去机场。)4. May I ask you to pick up my parcel from the post office?(我可以请你从邮局帮我取包裹吗?)5. Could you do me the favor of watering my plants while I'm away?(我不在的时候你能帮我浇浇花吗?)三、安排类

1. We are going to have a picnic in the park this Sunday.(我们打算本周日在公园野餐。)2. The meeting is scheduled to start at 2 p.m. tomorrow.(会议定于明天下午两点开始。)3. I'll meet you at the coffee shop around 4 o'clock.(我四点左右在咖啡店和你见面。)4. The concert has been arranged for the evening of July 1st.(音乐会安排在 7 月 1 日晚上。)5. Our class plans to visit the museum next Friday.(我们班计划下周五参观博物馆。)四、感谢类

1. Thank you very much for your kind help last week.(非常感谢你上周的热心帮助。)2. I'm extremely grateful to you for inviting me to your birthday party.(我非常感激你邀请我参加你的生日派对。)3. Many thanks for the gift you sent me. It's really nice.(多谢你送我的礼物。它真的很棒。)4. I appreciate your taking the time to talk to me.(我感激你花时间和我交谈。)5. Thanks a lot for your patience and understanding.(非常感谢你的耐心和理解。)五、道歉类

1. I'm really sorry for being late for the appointment.(我为约会迟到感到非常抱歉。)2. I apologize for forgetting to return your book.(我为忘记归还你的书而道歉。)3. Please forgive me for my rudeness yesterday.(请原谅我昨天的无礼。)4. I'm so sorry that I made a mistake in the report.(我很抱歉我在报告中犯了个错误。)5. I feel bad about not being able to attend your wedding.(我为不能参加你的婚礼而感到愧疚。)六、建议类

1.You should try to exercise more to keep healthy.(你应该尽量多锻炼来保持健康。)2. It might be a good idea to study with a group.(和小组一起学习可能是个好主意。)3. I suggest that you take a break and relax.(我建议你休息一下放松放松。)4. Why don't you listen to some music to relieve stress?(你为什么不听点音乐来缓解压力呢?)5. How about going to the movies this weekend?(这个周末去看电影怎么样?)七、询问类

1. Do you know when the train leaves?(你知道火车什么时候出发吗?)2. I was wondering if you have seen my keys.(我想知道你有没有看到我的钥匙。)3. Could you tell me where the nearest supermarket is?(你能告诉我最近的超市在哪里吗?)4. Do you have any idea how to solve this problem?(你知道如何解决这个问题吗?)5. May I ask what your plans are for the summer vacation?(我可以问问你暑假有什么计划吗?)八、提醒类

1. Don't forget to turn off the lights before you leave.(离开前别忘了关灯。)

2. Remember to bring your umbrella. It might rain.(记得带上你的雨伞。可能会下雨。)

3. Please be sure to hand in your homework on time.(请务必按时交作业。)

4. Make sure you lock the door when you go out.(出去的时候一定要锁门。)

5. I just want to remind you that the deadline is approaching.(我只是想提醒你截止日期快到了。)◆优美语段

1. 请假便条

I'm not feeling well today. I have a severe headache and a running nose. I went to see the doctor, and he said I caught a cold and needed to rest for a day. So I'm writing to ask for a one-day sick leave. I have already asked my deskmate to help me record the key points of the lessons. I will make up for the missed work as soon as I recover. I hope you can understand and approve my leave.

我今天身体不舒服。我头疼得厉害,还流鼻涕。我去看了医生,他说我感冒了,需要休息一天。所以我写信请一天病假。我已经请同桌帮我记录课程重点了。我一恢复就会补上落下的功课。希望您能理解并批准我的请假。

2. 邀请便条

There will be a basketball game in our school gymnasium this Saturday afternoon. It's between our school team and a neighboring school team. I know you are a big basketball fan. I got two tickets and I sincerely hope you can come with me to watch the game. The game starts at 3 p.m. Let's meet at the entrance of the gym at 2:45. It will be a really exciting event.

本周六下午我们学校体育馆将有一场篮球赛。是我们校队和邻校队之间的比赛。我知道你是个篮球迷。我搞到了两张票,真心希望你能和我一起去看比赛。比赛下午 3 点开始。我们 2 点 45 分在体育馆门口见。这会是一场非常激动人心的赛事。

3. 留言便条

I went out to the bookstore to buy some reference books for my study. I should be back in about two hours. I also plan to stop by the stationery store to get some new pens and notebooks. If you need me to pick up anything else, please call me. I have my phone with me.

我出去到书店买一些学习参考书了。我大概两小时后回来。我还打算顺便去文具店买些新笔和笔记本。如果你需要我带别的东西,给我打电话。我带着手机呢。

4. 感谢便条

I received the hand-knitted sweater you sent me. It's so warm and beautiful. I really love it. Every stitch shows your love and care for me. I wore it to school yesterday and all my friends admired it. Thank you so much for this wonderful gift. I will always cherish it.

我收到了您寄给我的手工编织的毛衣。它又暖和又漂亮。我真的很喜欢。每一针都体现了您对我的爱和关怀。我昨天穿着它去上学,我所有的朋友都夸赞它。非常感谢您这份很棒的礼物。我会永远珍惜它。

5. 求助便条

I'm having trouble with my math homework. There are a few difficult problems that I can't figure out. I know you are really good at math. Could you please come over to my house this evening and help me? I would be extremely grateful. I'll be waiting for you.

我的数学作业遇到麻烦了。有几道难题我解不出来。我知道你数学很棒。你今晚能来我家帮我吗?我会非常感激的。我会等你。

◆素材运用

经典考题1(邀请便条类)

你是李华,学校将举办一场校园文化节,你想邀请外教 Mr. Smith 参加。请给他写一张便条,告知活动的时间(下周六下午 2 点开始)、地点(学校操场)、主要活动内容(传统舞蹈表演、书法展示、美食摊位等),并表达你希望他能来的心情。

要求:写作字数为80词。

【范文1】

Dear Mr. Smith,

Our school is going to hold a campus culture festival. It will start at 2 p.m. next Saturday on the school playground. There will be various activities, such as traditional dance performances, calligraphy exhibitions and food stalls. You can enjoy the beauty of our traditional culture and taste delicious local food. I sincerely hope you can come and join us. It will be a great opportunity for you to have a deeper understanding of our school and culture.

Yours,Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式正确,开头有称呼,结尾有署名。

⑵语言简洁明了,直接阐述了活动的关键信息,如时间、地点、活动内容等,使用了“such as” 列举具体活动,丰富了便条内容。

⑶整体风格较为平实,适合日常交流式的邀请。

【范文2】

Dear Mr. Smith,

I'm Li Hua. It's my great pleasure to invite you to our campus culture festival. The event is scheduled to commence at 2 o'clock in the afternoon next Saturday and will take place on the school playground. You'll be treated to a spectacular display of traditional dance, an exhibition of exquisite calligraphy, and a delightful array of food stalls. It's bound to be an unforgettable experience. I truly look forward to your presence and believe it will enhance your perception of our school and cultural heritage.

Best regards,

Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式规范,符合便条要求。

⑵词汇运用较为丰富,如“pleasure,scheduled,commence,spectacular,exquisite” 等,使便条语言更具文采。

⑶句式多样,像“It's my great pleasure to...,You'll be treated to...” 等表达,提升了便条的档次,展现了较高的语言运用能力。

经典考题2(请假便条类)

假设你是李华,因身体不适(感冒发烧)不能参加明天的英语课。请给英语老师 Ms. Wang 写一张请假便条,说明请假原因、请假时长(一天),并表示会在课后自学补上课程。

要求:写作字数为60词。

【范文1】

Dear Ms. Wang,

I'm Li Hua. I'm not feeling well today. I have a cold and a fever, so I can't attend tomorrow's English class. I need to take a one-day leave to have a rest and recover. I will make sure to study by myself after class to catch up with the missed lessons. I hope you can understand and approve my leave.

Yours sincerely,Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式准确,清晰地表达了请假的意图。

⑵内容完整,详细说明了请假原因是感冒发烧,请假时长为一天,以及后续的自学计划,让老师能够全面了解情况。

⑶语言简单直接,通俗易懂,符合请假便条的风格要求。

【范文2】

Dear Ms. Wang,

I'm Li Hua. Unfortunately, I have fallen ill and am currently suffering from a cold accompanied by a fever. This has rendered me unable to participate in tomorrow's English class. Thus, I am writing to request a one-day leave of absence. I am committed to self-studying the missed content after class to ensure that I do not lag behind. I earnestly hope that you will consider and grant my request.

Yours faithfully,Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式无误,开头结尾符合便条规范。

⑵词汇丰富且较为正式,如“unfortunately,fallen ill,rendered,participate,absence,committed,earnestly” 等,提升了便条的语言质量。

⑶句式结构较为复杂,展示了较强的语言功底,在表达请假原因和决心自学方面更加严谨。

经典考题3(求助便条类)

你是李华,在准备英语演讲比赛的过程中遇到了困难,比如发音不标准、演讲稿内容组织不好等。请给你的同学 Tom 写一张便条,向他求助,希望他能在这两方面给予帮助,并约好见面时间(本周六上午 10 点在学校图书馆)。

要求:写作字数为60词。

【范文1】

Dear Tom,

I'm Li Hua. I'm preparing for an English speech contest, but I'm having some problems. My pronunciation is not accurate and I can't organize the content of my speech well. I know you are good at English. Can you help me with these? Let's meet at 10 a.m. this Saturday in the school library. I really hope you can give me a hand.

Yours,Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式规范,便条要素齐全。

⑵内容简洁,直截了当地说出了自己的困境以及需要帮助的方面,然后提出了见面时间和地点,目的明确。

⑶语言平实自然,符合同学之间的交流风格。

【范文2】

Dear Tom,

I'm Li Hua. I'm currently in the midst of preparing for an English speech contest and have encountered several difficulties. Specifically, my pronunciation leaves much to be desired and I'm struggling with the organization of my speech manuscript. Given your proficiency in English, I was wondering if you could offer me some assistance. I propose that we meet at 10 a.m. this Saturday in the school library. Your help would be greatly appreciated.

Yours,Li Hua

亮点点评:

⑴格式正确,符合便条的书写格式。

⑵词汇和句式运用较为出色,如“in the midst of,encountered,leaves much to be desired,struggling with,propose,would be greatly appreciated” 等,使便条语言更加丰富、准确,体现了较高的语言素养。

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