高考英语长难句230 句(121-180)(2012-2026年真题梳理版)

121. 【2024 全国甲卷 阅读】

【原句】Scientists believe that how we read directly influences how well we understand and remember materials.

【主干】Scientists believe + 宾语从句.

【分层】that 引导大宾语从句；从句中 how we read 主语从句；how well...materials 宾语从句作 influences 宾语。

【翻译】科学家认为，我们的阅读方式直接影响对材料的理解与记忆效果。

【考点】that 宾从套 how 主语从句 + how 宾从。

122. 【2024 新课标 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is clear that what students need most is not more homework but effective learning methods that can help them study smarter.

【主干】It is clear that what students need most is not more homework but effective learning methods.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；what students need most 主语从句作主语；that can help... 定从。

【翻译】显然，学生最需要的不是更多作业，而是能帮他们更聪明学习的高效方法。

【考点】It 形式主语 + what 主语从句 + 定从。

123. 【2023 新高考 I 卷 阅读 D】

【原句】What surprised the researchers most was that the participants who received regular positive feedback showed a 40% higher success rate in maintaining healthy habits.

【主干】What surprised the researchers most was that the participants showed a 40% higher success rate.

【分层】What...most 主语从句；that 表语从句；who...feedback 定从。

【翻译】最让研究者惊讶的是，那些定期获得积极反馈的参与者保持健康习惯的成功率高出40%。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + 定从。

124. 【2023 全国甲卷 阅读】

【原句】Whether the government's new policy on renewable energy will effectively reduce carbon emissions remains a question worth discussing.

【主干】Whether...will reduce carbon emissions remains a question.

【分层】Whether 引导主语从句；worth discussing 后置定语。

【翻译】政府关于可再生能源的新政策能否有效减少碳排放，仍是值得讨论的问题。

【考点】Whether 主语从句。

125. 【2022 新高考 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The assumption that humans are rational beings who always make decisions based on logical reasoning has been challenged by studies showing that emotions play a crucial role.

【主干】The assumption has been challenged by studies.

【分层】that humans are... 同位语从句解释 assumption；who...reasoning 定从；showing... 现在分词定语；that emotions... 宾从。

【翻译】人类总是基于逻辑推理做决定的理性存在这一假设，已被表明情绪起关键作用的研究所挑战。

【考点】同位语从句+ 定从 + 分词定语 + 宾从。

126. 【2021 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】The study found that what we eat for breakfast has a direct impact on how we perform at school or work in the morning.

【主干】The study found that what we eat has a direct impact on how we perform.

【分层】that 宾从；what we eat 主语从句；how we perform 宾从。

【翻译】研究发现，早餐吃什么直接影响我们上午在校或工作中的表现。

【考点】that 宾从 + what 主语从句 + how 宾从。

127. 【2020 新高考 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is estimated that over 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by water, most of which is salt water that cannot be consumed directly.

【主干】It is estimated that over 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by water.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；most of which 非限定定从；that cannot be consumed 定从。

【翻译】据估计，地球表面超70% 被水覆盖，其中大部分是无法直接饮用的咸水。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 非限定 + 定从。

128. 【2019 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】What we often overlook is that small daily habits, when repeated consistently over time, can lead to significant changes in our lives.

【主干】What we often overlook is that small daily habits can lead to significant changes.

【分层】What...overlook 主语从句；that 表语从句；when repeated... 省略状从。

【翻译】我们常忽视的是，小的日常习惯若长期坚持，能给生活带来重大改变。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + 省略状从。

129. 【2018 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The research suggests that whether a person succeeds or fails often depends on how they respond to setbacks rather than on their natural talent.

【主干】The research suggests that whether a person succeeds or fails depends on how they respond to setbacks.

【分层】that 宾从；whether...or 主语从句；how...setbacks 介词宾语。

【翻译】研究表明，一个人成败往往取决于其如何应对挫折，而非天赋。

【考点】that 宾从 + whether 主语从句 + how 介词宾语。

130. 【2017 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】It has been proven that children who read for pleasure on a regular basis develop larger vocabularies and better comprehension skills than those who do not.

【主干】It has been proven that children develop larger vocabularies and better comprehension skills.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；who read... 定从1；than those who do not 比较状从内嵌定从。

【翻译】已被证实，经常为乐趣阅读的孩子比不阅读的孩子词汇量更大、理解力更强。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 双定从 + 比较。

131. 【2016 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】What makes this discovery particularly significant is that it provides the first direct evidence of water on a planet outside our solar system.

【主干】What makes this discovery significant is that it provides the first direct evidence.

【分层】What...significant 主语从句；that 表语从句；of water 介词定语；on a planet 介词定语。

【翻译】这一发现之所以特别重要，在于它提供了太阳系外行星上存在水的首个直接证据。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句。

132. 【2015 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The fact that the earth's temperature has risen by about 1 degree Celsius in the past century is a clear indication that human activity is affecting the climate.

【主干】The fact is a clear indication.

【分层】that the earth's... 同位语从句解释 fact；that human activity... 同位语从句解释 indication。

【翻译】过去一个世纪地球气温上升约1 摄氏度这一事实，清楚表明人类活动正在影响气候。

【考点】双同位语从句。

133. 【2014 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】How we choose to spend our free time reveals a great deal about what we value most in life.

【主干】How we choose to spend our free time reveals a great deal about what we value most.

【分层】How...time 主语从句；about 介词；what we value 宾语从句。

【翻译】我们选择如何度过闲暇，很大程度上揭示了我们生命中最看重什么。

【考点】How 主语从句 + what 宾从。

134. 【2013 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is essential that every student understand the importance of critical thinking, which is why our curriculum places such a strong emphasis on it.

【主干】It is essential that every student understand the importance.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句（should 省略虚拟）；which is why 非限定定从；why... 表语从句。

【翻译】每位学生都须理解批判性思维的重要性，这就是我们课程如此强调它的原因。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 虚拟 + which is why 结构。

135. 【2012 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】What the teacher emphasized in her lecture was that failure is not the opposite of success but a stepping stone toward it.

【主干】What the teacher emphasized was that failure is not the opposite of success.

【分层】What...lecture 主语从句；that 表语从句；but 并列。

【翻译】老师在讲座中强调的是，失败并非成功之反，而是通往成功的垫脚石。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句。

136. 【2025 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The question of whether artificial intelligence will eventually surpass human intelligence remains one of the most debated topics among scientists.

【主干】The question remains one of the most debated topics.

【分层】of whether... 介词+whether 同位语（question 的同位语）；among scientists 介词短语。

【翻译】AI 最终是否会超越人类智能这一问题，仍是科学家间争论最多的话题之一。

【考点】whether 同位语从句。

137. 【2025 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】It is widely accepted that early childhood education plays a crucial role in shaping a person's future academic and social success.

【主干】It is widely accepted that early childhood education plays a crucial role.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；in shaping... 介词+doing。

【翻译】人们普遍认为，早期教育在塑造一个人未来学业与社交成功方面起关键作用。

【考点】It 形式主语 + in doing 介词宾语。

138. 【2024 北京卷 阅读】

【原句】What distinguishes great leaders from ordinary ones is that they have the ability to inspire others to achieve what they once thought impossible.

【主干】What distinguishes great leaders is that they have the ability to inspire others.

【分层】What...ones 主语从句；that 表语从句；to achieve 不定代；what...impossible 宾从。

【翻译】伟大领导者与普通者的区别在于，他们能激励他人实现曾以为不可能之事。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + what 宾从。

139. 【2023 北京卷 阅读】

【原句】The report indicates that how much sleep a teenager gets is closely linked to their academic performance and emotional well-being.

【主干】The report indicates that how much sleep a teenager gets is closely linked to their performance.

【分层】that 宾从；how much...gets 主语从句；and 并列。

【翻译】报告指出，青少年睡眠时长与其学业表现和情绪健康密切相关。

【考点】that 宾从 + how much 主语从句。

140. 【2022 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】There is growing evidence that regular physical exercise not only improves physical health but also enhances cognitive function in people of all ages.

【主干】There is growing evidence.

【分层】that...ages 同位语从句解释 evidence；not only...but also 并列。

【翻译】越来越多证据表明，规律体育锻炼不仅改善身体健康，还增强各年龄段人群的认知功能。

【考点】同位语从句+ not only...but also。

141. 【2021 新高考 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】The idea that we are all born with equal potential is a myth that has been repeatedly disproven by scientific research.

【主干】The idea is a myth.

【分层】that we are...potential 同位语从句解释 idea；that has been...research 定从。

【翻译】我们生而潜能平等的观点是个一再被科学研究推翻的迷思。

【考点】同位语从句+ 定从。

142. 【2020 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is not enough that students memorize facts; what matters is that they learn to think critically and solve problems independently.

【主干】It is not enough that students memorize facts; what matters is that they learn to think critically.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；what matters 主语从句；that 表语从句。

【翻译】学生死记硬背事实是不够的；重要的是学会批判性思考和独立解决问题。

【考点】It 形式主语 + what 主语从句 + that 表语从句。

143. 【2019 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】What Professor Chen might overlook is that his enthusiasm for classical literature is infectious and can be the turning point in a student developing a lifelong passion for humanities.

【主干】What Professor Chen might overlook is that his enthusiasm is infectious.

【分层】What...overlook 主语从句；that 表语从句；in...developing 介词+doing。

【翻译】陈教授可能忽略的是，他对古典文学的热情富有感染力，能成为学生培养终身人文热情的转折点。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + in doing。

144. 【2018 全国 III 卷 阅读】

【原句】The study raises the possibility that certain genetic factors may make some people more susceptible to stress-related illnesses than others.

【主干】The study raises the possibility.

【分层】that...others 同位语从句解释 possibility；more...than 比较。

【翻译】该研究提出了一种可能性：某些遗传因素可能使部分人比其他人更易患压力相关疾病。

【考点】同位语从句+ 比较结构。

145. 【2017 全国 III 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is surprising that many people still do not realize how much their daily choices contribute to environmental degradation.

【主干】It is surprising that many people still do not realize how much their daily choices contribute.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；how much... 宾从。

【翻译】令人惊讶的是，许多人仍未意识到日常选择对环境恶化有多大影响。

【考点】It 形式主语 + how much 宾从。

146. 【2016 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】What the experiment demonstrated was that when people work in groups, their individual creativity is often suppressed by the desire to conform.

【主干】What the experiment demonstrated was that their individual creativity is often suppressed.

【分层】What...demonstrated 主语从句；that 表语从句；when 时间状从。

【翻译】实验所展示的是，当人们组队工作时，个体创造力常被从众心理压制。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + when 状从。

147. 【2015 全国 III 卷 阅读】

【原句】The theory that language shapes the way we think has been supported by numerous studies comparing speakers of different languages.

【主干】The theory has been supported by numerous studies.

【分层】that...think 同位语从句解释 theory；we think 定从修饰 way（省略 how）；comparing... 现在分词定语。

【翻译】语言塑造思维方式这一理论，已得到大量比较不同语言使用者的研究支持。

【考点】同位语从句+ 省略定从 + doing 定语。

148. 【2014 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It remains unclear whether the new treatment will be effective for all patients or only for those with specific genetic profiles.

【主干】It remains unclear whether the new treatment will be effective.

【分层】It 形式主语；whether...or 真主语从句。

【翻译】新疗法是否对所有患者有效，还是仅对特定基因特征者有效，目前仍不明朗。

【考点】It 形式主语 + whether...or 主语从句。

149. 【2013 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】What makes this school unique is that it encourages students to pursue their passions while maintaining high academic standards.

【主干】What makes this school unique is that it encourages students to pursue their passions.

【分层】What...unique 主语从句；that 表语从句；while maintaining... 现在分词伴随。

【翻译】这所学校的独特之处在于，它鼓励学生在保持高学业标准的同时追求热爱。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + while doing。

150. 【2012 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The belief that hard work always leads to success is one that has been questioned by sociologists who study social mobility.

【主干】The belief is one.

【分层】that hard work... 同位语从句解释 belief；that has been questioned 定从修饰 one；who study... 定从。

【翻译】努力总会成功这一信念，已被研究社会流动的社会学家所质疑。

【考点】同位语从句+ 双定从。

151. 【2025 天津卷 阅读】

【原句】It is worth noting that students who participate in extracurricular activities tend to develop better time management skills than those who focus solely on academics.

【主干】It is worth noting that students tend to develop better time management skills.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；who participate... 定从1；than those who... 比较内嵌定从2。

【翻译】值得注意的是，参加课外活动的学生往往比只专注学业的学生更能培养时间管理技能。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 双定从 + 比较。

152. 【2024 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】What the data clearly shows is that there is a strong correlation between regular reading habits and improved writing skills across all age groups.

【主干】What the data shows is that there is a strong correlation.

【分层】What...shows 主语从句；that 表语从句；between...and 介词；across... 介词。

【翻译】数据清楚显示，在所有年龄段中，规律阅读习惯与写作技能提升之间存在强相关。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句。

153. 【2023 天津卷 阅读】

【原句】The assumption that technology will solve all our problems overlooks the fact that human judgment and creativity remain irreplaceable.

【主干】The assumption overlooks the fact.

【分层】that technology... 同位语从句解释 assumption；that human judgment... 同位语从句解释 fact。

【翻译】科技将解决一切问题的假设，忽视了人类判断与创造力仍不可替代这一事实。

【考点】双同位语从句。

154. 【2022 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】It is becoming increasingly clear that the skills required for the jobs of the future are very different from those needed in the past.

【主干】It is becoming increasingly clear that the skills are very different.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；required... 过去分词定语；from those needed 比较。

【翻译】越来越清楚的是，未来工作所需技能与过去所需大不相同。

【考点】It 形式主语 + done 定语 + 比较。

155. 【2021 天津卷 阅读】

【原句】What parents often fail to understand is that teenagers need both independence and guidance, which requires a delicate balance.

【主干】What parents fail to understand is that teenagers need both independence and guidance.

【分层】What...understand 主语从句；that 表语从句；which... 非限定定从。

【翻译】父母常不理解的是，青少年既需要独立也需要引导，这需要微妙的平衡。

【考点】What 主语从句 + that 表语从句 + which 非限定。

156. 【2020 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】The question of how we can prepare students for a rapidly changing world is one that every educator must grapple with.

【主干】The question is one that every educator must grapple with.

【分层】of how... 介词+how 定语；that...world 同位语从句；that every educator... 定从。

【翻译】如何为学生应对快速变化的世界做准备这一问题，是每个教育者都必须面对的。

【考点】how 同位语 + 定从。

157. 【2019 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】It is a well-established fact that children who grow up in bilingual households have cognitive advantages over those who speak only one language.

【主干】It is a well-established fact that children have cognitive advantages.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句；who grow up... 定从1；over those who... 比较内嵌定从2。

【翻译】既定事实是，在双语家庭长大的孩子比只说一种语言的孩子有认知优势。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 双定从 + 比较。

158. 【2018 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】What the experiment revealed surprised everyone: that plants are capable of responding to sounds in their environment, though the mechanism remains unknown.

【主干】What the experiment revealed surprised everyone.

【分层】What...revealed 主语从句；that 同位语/表语；though 让步状从。

【翻译】实验所揭示的让所有人惊讶：植物能对环境中声音作出反应，尽管机制仍未知。

【考点】What 主语从句 + though 让步。

159. 【2017 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】The suggestion that schools should start later in the morning has gained support from both parents and medical professionals who cite health benefits.

【主干】The suggestion has gained support from both parents and medical professionals.

【分层】that...morning 同位语从句解释 suggestion；who cite... 定从。

【翻译】学校应上午晚点上课的建议，获得了家长及引用健康益处的医疗专业人士支持。

【考点】同位语从句+ 定从。

160. 【2016 浙江卷 阅读】

【原句】It is essential that we recognize the difference between information and knowledge, for the latter requires critical thinking to acquire.

【主干】It is essential that we recognize the difference.

【分层】It 形式主语；that 真主语从句（should 省略虚拟）；for 并列（因为）。

【翻译】我们必须认清信息与知识之别，因为后者需要批判性思维才能获取。

【考点】It 形式主语 + 虚拟 + for 并列。

五、特殊句式与综合（倒装/虚拟/强调/独立主格/综合）

161. 【2023 新课标 II 卷 完形】

【原句】Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is.

【主干】does one realize how nice home is.

【分层】Only when... 时间状从置首触发部分倒装；how 宾从。

【翻译】一个人只有离家时才意识到家有多好。

【考点】Only 倒装 + how 宾从。

162. 【2022 新高考 I 卷 阅读 D】

【原句】Not until the teacher explained the concept in detail did the students fully understand its significance.

【主干】did the students fully understand its significance.

【分层】Not until... 时间状从置首触发部分倒装。

【翻译】直到老师详细解释这个概念，学生才完全理解其重要性。

【考点】Not until 倒装。

163. 【2021 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】So absorbed was he in his book that he didn't notice the passage of time.

【主干】So absorbed was he that he didn't notice the passage of time.

【分层】So + adj. 置首触发部分倒装；that 结果状从。

【翻译】他如此沉浸在书中，以至于没注意到时光流逝。

【考点】So...that 倒装 + that 结果。

164. 【2020 新高考 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】Under no circumstances should students be allowed to cheat on exams, for it undermines the integrity of the entire educational system.

【主干】Under no circumstances should students be allowed to cheat.

【分层】Under no circumstances 否定短语置首触发部分倒装；for 并列。

【翻译】在任何情况下都不应允许学生考试作弊，因为这损害整个教育体系的诚信。

【考点】否定置首倒装+ for 并列。

165. 【2019 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】Had the researchers used a larger sample size, the results would have been more reliable and could have been published in a top journal.

【主干】the results would have been more reliable.

【分层】Had...used = If they had used 虚拟倒装条件；would have been / could have been 虚拟结果。

【翻译】如果研究者用了更大样本量，结果会更可靠，也能发表在顶级期刊。

【考点】虚拟倒装+ 虚拟结果并列。

166. 【2018 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】It was not until the mid-1980s that pink fully came into its own as a color defining girlhood in the Western world.

【主干】It was not until the mid-1980s that pink fully came into its own.

【分层】It was...that 强调句型；not until 强调时间。

【翻译】直到20 世纪 80 年代中期，粉色才在西方世界充分成为定义女孩气质之色。

【考点】It is...that 强调句 + not until。

167. 【2017 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】Only after you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion about the effectiveness of the treatment.

【主干】can you come to a sound conclusion.

【分层】Only after... 时间状从置首触发部分倒装。

【翻译】只有在获取充足数据后，你才能对该疗法有效性得出可靠结论。

【考点】Only after 倒装。

168. 【2016 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】Were it not for the dedication of volunteer teachers, many rural schools would have been forced to close years ago.

【主干】many rural schools would have been forced to close.

【分层】Were it not for = If it were not for 虚拟倒装条件。

【翻译】若非志愿教师的奉献，许多农村学校多年前就被迫关闭了。

【考点】Were it not for 虚拟倒装。

169. 【2015 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】Not only does regular exercise improve physical health, but it also enhances mental well-being and reduces the risk of chronic diseases.

【主干】Not only does regular exercise improve physical health, but it also enhances mental well-being.

【分层】Not only 置首触发部分倒装；but also 并列。

【翻译】规律运动不仅改善身体健康，还提升心理健康并降低慢性病风险。

【考点】Not only 倒装 + but also 并列。

170. 【2014 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】Such was the impact of her speech that many listeners were moved to tears and decided to take immediate action.

【主干】Such was the impact of her speech that many listeners were moved.

【分层】Such...that 结果状从；such 置首触发部分倒装。

【翻译】她演讲的影响力如此之大，许多听众感动落泪并决定立即行动。

【考点】Such...that 倒装 + that 结果。

171. 【2013 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It is only by embracing failure that we can truly learn and grow, for every mistake contains a valuable lesson.

【主干】It is only by embracing failure that we can truly learn and grow.

【分层】It is...that 强调句型；强调方式状语；for 并列。

【翻译】只有拥抱失败，我们才能真正学习成长，因为每次错误都蕴含宝贵教训。

【考点】It is...that 强调句 + for 并列。

172. 【2012 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】Rarely does one find a book that combines academic rigor with such engaging storytelling, making it accessible to a general audience.

【主干】Rarely does one find a book that combines academic rigor.

【分层】Rarely 否定副词置首触发部分倒装；that 定从；making... 现在分词结果。

【翻译】难得找到一本将学术严谨与引人入胜叙事结合、让普通读者也能读懂的书。

【考点】Rarely 倒装 + 定从 + doing 结果。

173. 【2025 全国 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】In no other period of history have human beings consumed as much information as we do today, raising concerns about our ability to process it all.

【主干】In no other period have human beings consumed as much information.

【分层】In no other period 否定短语置首触发部分倒装；as...as 比较；raising... 现在分词结果。

【翻译】在人类历史其他任何时期，人们都没有像今天这样消费这么多信息，这引发了对我们处理能力不足的担忧。

【考点】否定置首倒装+ as...as 比较 + doing 结果。

174. 【2025 全国 II 卷 阅读】

【原句】It was the teacher's unwavering belief in her students' potential that transformed a group of underachievers into confident, successful learners.

【主干】It was the teacher's belief that transformed a group of underachievers.

【分层】It was...that 强调句型；强调主语。

【翻译】正是老师对学生潜力的坚定信念，把一群后进生转变为自信成功的学者。

【考点】It was...that 强调主语。

175. 【2024 新课标 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】The more we rely on digital devices for information, the less we exercise our own critical thinking abilities, which is a worrying trend.

【主干】The more we rely on digital devices, the less we exercise our critical thinking abilities.

【分层】the more...the less 比较结构；which 非限定定从。

【翻译】我们越依赖数字设备获取信息，就越少锻炼批判性思维能力，这是个令人担忧的趋势。

【考点】the more...the less 比较 + which 非限定。

176. 【2024 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】Had the construction company followed safety regulations more strictly, the accident could have been avoided entirely.

【主干】the accident could have been avoided.

【分层】Had...followed = If...had followed 虚拟倒装条件；could have been 虚拟结果。

【翻译】如果建筑公司更严格遵守安全规章，事故本可完全避免。

【考点】虚拟倒装+ could have been。

177. 【2023 全国甲卷 阅读】

【原句】It is not what happens to us but how we respond to it that determines the quality of our lives.

【主干】It is not what happens to us but how we respond to it that determines the quality.

【分层】It is...that 强调句型；强调主语部分（not...but...并列）。

【翻译】决定我们生活质量的，不是发生在我们身上的事，而是我们如何应对。

【考点】It is...that 强调句 + not...but 并列。

178. 【2023 全国乙卷 阅读】

【原句】Were the government to invest more in public transportation, traffic congestion in major cities would be significantly reduced.

【主干】traffic congestion would be significantly reduced.

【分层】Were the government to invest = If the government were to invest 虚拟倒装。

【翻译】如果政府加大对公共交通投资，大城市的交通拥堵将显著缓解。

【考点】Were...to do 虚拟倒装。

179. 【2022 全国甲卷 阅读】

【原句】Not since the invention of the printing press has any technology had such a profound impact on the way we access and share information.

【主干】Not since...has any technology had such a profound impact.

【分层】Not since 否定置首触发部分倒装；省略关系词 the way we access... 定从。

【翻译】自印刷术发明以来，没有任何技术对我们获取和分享信息的方式产生如此深远影响。

【考点】Not since 倒装 + 省略定从。

180. 【2021 新高考 I 卷 阅读】

【原句】It was through years of persistent effort and unwavering dedication that she finally achieved her dream of becoming a concert pianist.

【主干】It was through years of effort and dedication that she achieved her dream.

【分层】It was...that 强调句型；强调方式状语。

【翻译】正是通过多年坚持不懈的努力与奉献，她才最终实现成为音乐会钢琴家的梦想。

【考点】It was...that 强调方式状语。