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2024～2025 学年第二学期高二年级期末学业诊断
物理参考答案及评分建议
一、单项选择题：本题包含7小题，每小题4分，共28分。
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
选项 D D A A C C D
二、多项选择题：本题包含3小题，每小题6分，共18分。
题号 8 9 10
选项 BD BD AD
三、实验题：共16分。
11.（6分）
（1） （3分）
+
+
（2） （3分）
+
+
12.（10分）
（1） C （2分）
（2） 胶管内空气的体积（3分）
系统误差（1分）
（3） BC（4分）
四、计算题：共38分。
13.（10分）
（1）水银柱处于平衡状态，左、右管水银面高度差
1Δh=2cm·······························································································（1分）
······················································································（3分）
p =102cmHg························································································· （1分）
1
（2）左管中气体做等温变化，变化前L =3cm，变化后L '=2cm，
1 1
变化后，左右两管内气压相等都为p （1分）
3························································································
p L S=p L 'S·····················································································································（3分）
1 1 3 1
p =136cmHg························································································· （1分）
3
14.（13分）
（1）罐内气体做等温变化
····························································································（2分）
···························································································· （2分）
···························································································（1分）
=300L·····························································································（1分）
（2）罐内气体温度升高
···························································································· （2分）
···························································································（3分）
··························································································（1分）
=325L·····························································································（1分）
15.（15分）
（1）根据折射率与速度的关系
n= ···································································································（1分）
v= ··································································································（1分）
光在介质中的时间
2t = ····························································································· （2分）
1
−
光在空气中的时间
t = ··································································································· （2分）
2
t=t +t = ····················································································（1分）
1 2
−
（2）从光源发出的光在E点恰好发生全反射
····························································································（1分）
···························································································（1分）
··························································································（2分）
··········································· （1分）
弧AC上没有光穿过的部分对应的圆心角为60。···········································（1分）
R
对应的弧长为 ··················································································（2分）
3
3
