文档内容
2014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(二)答案与详解
Part Ⅰ Writing
审题思路
这是一篇叙议结合式作文。 a course that has impressed you most in college(大学中令你印象
最深刻的一门课程)是考生非常熟悉的一个话题，因此写起来并不难。写作时，重点应放在第二段阐释这门
课程令你印象最深刻的原因上。例如，授课教师的知识水平和个人魅力、课程内容本身以及课程设置的前景
展望等。考生可联系自身学习情况进行阐述。
写作提纲
一、描述现象：大学课程丰富（a variety of courses, broaden their knowledge)
二、分析原因：1、印象最深刻的一门课程(the course that has impressed me most)
2、原因：授课教授因素（the scholarly image of the professor, unusual but interesting teaching
;
method) 开阔视野（my vision has been broadened);激发了学好英语的热情（arouse the enthusiasm for studying
English well)
三、归纳点题：l、对学校提供的多种多样的课程感到满足(I am satisfied with the broad range of courses)
2、很高兴选择了英国文学课程(I am glad to have chosen the course of British iterature)
范文点评
高分范文 精彩点评
A Course That Has Impressed Me Most in
College
① 开篇总起，描述现象:大学课程丰富。
① There are a variety of courses in college which provide
②③说明该现象对学生的影响:学生们因丰富的课程
students with multiple options to broaden their knowledge. ② They
而大受裨益。
can choose different courses according to their own preferences. ③
④指出自身从中受益匪浅。
It goes without saying that students really benefit from it in many
⑤点题:指出“我”印象最深刻的一门课程。
respects.
④ As far as I am concerned, I do harvest a lot from the ⑥⑦⑧用 in the first place …in the second place... last
courses I choose. ⑤Last semester, as a junior student, I chose the but not least 列举该课程使“我”印象深刻的不同
原因，层次分明。
course of British Literature which has impressed me most. ⑥ In the
first place, I was deeply charmed by the scholarly image of the ⑨⑩归纳总结，进一步突出主题
professor for this course—his broad range of knowledge and
加分亮点
unusual but interesting teaching method. ⑦ In the second place,
my vision has been definitely broadened by this course. Apart from a variety of...多种多样的
the basic knowledge in our textbook, I have also learnt something it goes without saying that 不言而喻
practical and got an in-depth understanding of Britain. ⑧ Last but
harvest 收获
not least, this course has aroused my enthusiasm for studying
semester 学期
English well. This will help perfect my knowledge system.
a broad range of...范围广泛的
⑨ In general, I am satisfied with the broad range of courses
have a great effect on 对…有重大影响
offered by my college. ⑩ And I am glad to have chosen the course
of British Literature. It surely has a great effect on me.
12014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
全文翻译
大学里给我印象最深刻的一门课程
多种多样的大学课程为学生提供了扩充知识面的多种选择。学生们可以根据自己的喜好选择不同课程。毫无疑问
学生们在许多方面确实受益匪浅。就我而言，我确实从自己选择的课程里获益颇丰。上个学期，作为一名大三学生
我选择了《英国文学》，这门课程给我留下了最深刻的印象。首先，我被这门课程授课教授的学者风范所深深吸引，
他知识面广，教课方法不同寻常且趣味盎然。其次，这门课程确实开拓了我的视野。除了课本上的基础知识，我还
学到了一些比较实际的东西，加深了我对英国的理解。最后但同样重要的是，这门课程激起了我学好英语的热情。
这将有助于完善我的知识体系。
总之，我对大学提供的丰富课程很满意。很高兴我选择了《英国文学》这门课。它确实对我有很大的影响。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1.听力原文：M: Take a look at this catalogue. Maybe we can find some gifts for Jane’s new house.
W： OK. But remember, we can’t afford a lot.
Q ： What does the woman mean?
1. A) The man is not good at balancing his budget.
B) She will go purchase the gift herself.
C) The gift should not be too expensive.
D) They are going to Jane^ house-warming party.
【预测】B)和C)选项中都出现了gift—词，A)中提到了平衡预算，D)中提到了去简的乔迁派对， 综合四个选
项，可以推测对话内容可能与参加朋友的派对应买什么礼物有关。
【精析】C。男士说他们应该考虑为简乔迁新居买件礼物,女士说他们负担不起太多钱。由此可知，他们应该挑
选一件不太昂贵的礼物，故答案为C)。
2. W： I am getting absolutely nowhere with these statistics.
M： How about my going through them with you?
Q ： What does the man mean?
1. A) He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.
B) It takes patience to go through the statistics.
C) He has prepared the statistics for the woman.
D) The woman should take a course in statistics.
【预测】B)、C)和D)三个选项中都出现了 statistics —词，可知对话内容与数据统计相关，由A)“他非常乐
意帮助女士”、C)“他为女士准备好了数据”和D)“女士应该修一门数据统计的课程”可以判断，是女士
需要处理这些数据，听对话时注意听男士在女士处理数据中起到了什么作用。
【精析】A)。女士说她对这些数据一头雾水，男士主动提出与她一同处理。由此可知，男士会为女士伸出援手，
故答案为A)。
3.听力原文：M： We are ready to start the recording, aren’t we? Lefs begin on Page 55.
W： Sony. I am afraid I can’t begin right now. I forgot to bring my scripts.
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
1. A) Page 55 is missing from the woman’s scripts.
B) They cannot begin their recording right away.
C) The woman does not take the recording seriously.
D) The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.
【预测】由B)和C)选项中出现的recording—词可以判断,对话内容与录音相关，结合选项A)“女士文字稿
的第55页不见了”、B) “他们不能马上开始录音”、C) “女士没有认真对待录音”和D) “男士想要对
文字稿做些修改”，可知选项内容均围绕录音无法顺利进行展开，可以推测本题考查无法顺利进行录音的
22014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
原因。
【精析】B)。男士说从第55页开始录音，而女士却说她没办法立刻开始录音，因为她忘记带文字稿了。由此可
知，他们无法马上开始录音，故答案为B)。
4.听力原文：W： Remember? Carl’s wedding is on June 26.
M ： Oh, thanks for reminding mer I thought it wasn’t to be until sometime in July.
Q ： What are the speakers talking about?
4. A) The date of Carl’s wedding. C) A significant event in July.
B) The birthday of Carl’s bride. D) Preparations for a wedding.
【预测】由A)“卡尔的婚礼日期”、B)“卡尔的新娘的生日”和C)“七月的一个重要日子”可以推断出,
本题考查的内容与某个大事件的日期相关，结合A)中的“婚礼”、B)中的“新娘”和D)中的“婚礼”，
基本可以断定本题考查的是婚礼日期。
【精析】A)。女士提醒男士卡尔的婚礼日期是6月26日，男士表示感射,并说他一直以为婚礼在七月的某一
天。由此可知，两人讨论的是卡尔的婚礼日期，故答案为A)。
5. 听力原文：M： Please excuse me for not attending the meeting yesterday. I’m afraid I forgot to check my
schedule.
W: That’s all right. We have to hold the weekly meeting as scheduled. And everything went well.
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
5. A) The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.
B) The man was absent from the weekly meeting.
C) The woman was annoyed at the man’s excuse.
D)The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.
【预测】由A) “女士忘记提前通知男士了”、B) “男士缺席了周例会”和C)“女士对男士的理由感到厌
烦”基本可以断定,男士由于某种原因未能参加会议，D)中虽然也提到了会议安排，但与其他三个选项内容
差异比较大，可以预先排除。
【精析】B)。男士向女士道歉,说忘记査看日程安排，所以未能参加会议，女士说周例会如期召开，一切正常。
由此可知,男士未能参加周例会，故答案为B)。
6. 听力原文：W ： I’ve just put our lunch in the oven and it won’t be ready for at least half an hour.
M： Em, it smells marvelous, but what can I have right now?
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
6. A) The woman is a marvelous cook. C) The man has to leave in half an hour.
B) The woman has just bought an oven. D) The man cannot wait for his meal.
【预测】由A)中的cook、B)中的oven和D)中的meal可知，对话与做饭、就餐相关,再结合C)“男士必须在
半小时后离开”和D) “男士迫不及待要吃饭”，可以判断应该是女士做饭，而男士对就餐时间有所要求。
【精析】D)。女士告诉男士她刚把午饭放到烤箱里，至少半小时后才能吃，而男士说饭闻起来很香,可他现在
就想吃点什么。言外之意就是男士迫不及待要吃饭了，故答案为D)。
7.听力原文：M： I got some bad news today. The store where I work is laying off staff.
W： Are they going to let you go?
Q: What does the woman want to know?
7. A) How she can best help the man. C) What items sell well in the store.
B) Where the man got the bad news. D) Whether the man can keep his job.
【预测】四个选项均为由连词或副词引导的句子，但句尾为句号,且句子为陈述句语序，由此可知，选项均为
从句，结合A) “她怎样才能最好地帮助男士”、B) “男士从哪里得知了坏消息”和D) “男士能否保住
工作”可知，男士应该是工作遇到了困境。C) “商店里什么物品卖得好”与其他三个选项意思没有任何关
联，可以预先排除。
【精析】D)。男士说他所工作的商店正在裁员，女士想知道男士的老板有没有让他下岗。由此可知，女士想知
32014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
道男士能否保住工作，故答案为D)。
8. 听力原文：W： John, You swim like a fish. I wish I knew how to swim.
M： Why not sign up for the lessons offered by the physical education department?
Q ： What does the man mean?
8. A) The woman can sign up for a swimming class.
B) He works in the physical education department.
C) The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.
D) He would like to teach the woman how to swim.
【预测】A)、C)和D)选项中都出现了与“游泳”相关的词汇或表达，可以判断对话内容与游泳有关，由A)
“女士可以报名参加游泳课”、C) “女士有潜力游得像鱼一样”和D) “他愿意教女士游泳”可以判断，
男士应该很会游泳,而女士不会。
【精析】A)。女士羡慕男士会游泳，而男士则建议女士参加体育系开办的课程。由此可知，男士认为女士应
该报名参加游泳课，故答案为A)。
Conversation One
9-12.听力原文：
W ： Hi, Eric. How was your weekend?
M ： Great! I met Maria’s parents. And we told them we want to be engaged.
W ： Eric, thafs wonderful. Congratulations!
M： Thanks, Alice. I really like her parents too. They are very nice. (9) Mrs. Carmona speaks four languages, and
Mr. Carmona is a diplomat. In fact, he gave us a speech at the law school on Saturday morning.
W ： Oh, that was Maria's father? I heard his speech.
M： You did?
W： Well, I heard part of it. I listened to it for ten minutes and then I fell asleep. I thought I was in class. Anyway,
tell me about your weekend.
M: Saturday evening we saw a play. (10) And Sunday afternoon, we watched a soccer game. Then Sunday night
we all went out for dinner. Maria, her parents and me. That was the first chance we had to talk.
W：Were you nervous?
M: At first I was. We didn’t say much. Mr. Carmona told us some good stories about his experiences as a
diplomat. And they asked me about my hobbies.
W：And what did you say?
M:Well, I didn’t tell them about my flying lessons. I told them about my chess play and my classical music
collection.
W: Good idea. Her parents really approve of you, don’t they?
M: I guess so. (11) Maria called this morning and said “ My father told me he ’ d like you for a son-in-law right
now.”
W: That’s great.
M: Not exactly. I want to get married after graduate school in about three years.
9. What does Eric say about Maria’s father?
A) He teaches in a law school. C) He is a diplomat.
B) He loves classical music. D) He is a wonderful lecturer.
C。【精析】对话中男士说周末他去了玛丽亚家，见到了玛丽亚的父母,而卡莫纳先生，也就是玛丽亚的父亲,
是一位外交官，故答案为C)。
10. What did Eric and Maria do last Sunday afternoon?
A) Went to see a play. C) Took some photos.
B) Watched a soccer game. D) Attended a dance.
42014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
B。【精析】对话中男士明确提到，周日下午他们观看了一场足球赛，故答案为B)。
11. What do we learn from Maria’s phone call this morning?
A) She decided to get married in three years.
B) Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.
C) She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.
D) Her father said she could marry Eric right away.
D。【精析】男士说玛丽亚早上打电话说“我父亲告诉我他现在就想让你当他的女婿。”由此可知,玛丽亚 的
父亲认为他们现在就可以结婚，故答案为D)。
Conversation Two
听力原文：
M: You are going to wear out the computer’s keyboard.
W： Oh, hi!
M： Do you have any idea what time it is?
W: About 10:00 or 10:30?
M: It’s nearly midnight.
W: Really? I didn’t know it was so late.
M： (12) Don’t you have an early class to teach tomorrow morning?
W： (12) Yes, at 7 o ’ c lock, my commuter class, the students who go to work right after their lesson.
M： Then you ought to go to bed. What are you writing anyway?
W ： An article I hope I can sell.
M ： Oh, another of your newspaper pieces. Whafs this one about?
W ： Do you remember that trip I took last month?
M ： The one up to the Amazon?
W： (13) Well, that's what I ’ m writing about. The new highway and the changes ifs making in the Amazon valley.
M：It should be interesting.
W: It is. I guess that’s why I forgot all about the time.
M: How many articles have you sold now?
W: About a dozen so far.
M: What kind of newspapers are they?
W: (14) The papers that carry a lot of foreign news. They usually appear in the big Sunday editions where they
need a lot of background stories to help fill up the space between the ads.
M: Is there any future in it?
W: I hope so. (15) There is a chance I may sell this article to a news service.
M: Then your story would be published in several papers, wouldn’t it?
W: That’s the idea. And it might even be able to do other stories on a regular basis.
M: That would be great.
12、What is the woman’s occupation?
A) Editor. C) Journalist.
B) Teacher. D) Typist.
B)。【详解】对话中男士问女士明天早上是否有早课，女士表示肯定，她的学生下课后直接去上班。由此可知，
女士的职业是教师，故答案为B)。
13、What is the woman writing about?
A) The beautiful Amazon rainforests. C) Big changes in the Amazon valley.
B) A new railway under construction. D) In a local evening paper.
C。【详解】当男士问女士在写什么时，女士说她写的是上个月去亚马逊的旅行,那里新建了高速公路，亚马逊
山谷正因此发生着变化。由此可知，女士所写的是亚马逊山谷的巨大变化，故答案为C)。
52014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
14、Where did the woman’s articles usually appear?
A)In news weeklies. C)In a local evening paper.
B) In newspapers’ Sunday editions. D) In overseas editions of U. S. magazines.
B。【详解】男士问女士她的文章一般都发表在什么样的报纸上，女士说是那种有许多海外新闻的报纸，通常
周日版需要一些背景类文章用来填补广告间的空白。由此可知，女士的文章发表在报纸的周日版上，故答案
为B)。
15、What does the woman expect?
A) To be employed by a newspaper. C) To sell her articles to a news service.
B) To become a professional writer. D) To get her life story published soon.
C。【详解】当男士问女士这种写作将来能否有所发展时，女士说她的文章有可能会卖给新闻机构，这样的话，
就可以同时在多家报纸上发表，再往后，希望能够有规律地从事写作，故C)是答案。
Section B
Passage One
Body language, especially gestures, varies among cultures. For example, a nod of the head means “yes” to most of
us. (16) But in Bulgaria and Greece a nod means “no” and a shake of the head means “yes”. Likewise, a sign for
OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan. (17) Waving or
pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over.
Folded arms signal pride in Finland, but disrespect in Fiji. The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on
greeting each other, as well as the length and the depth of the bows, signals the social status each party feels
towards the other. Italians might think you’re bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. (18) Many
Americaa men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. However, this would be
considered an insult in Muslim countries, where one would never show the sole of the foot to a guest. Likewise,
Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look you in the eye.
But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect. To look upon
firmly in the eye is considered a sign of ill breeding and is felt to be annoying.
【预测】预览三道题各选项，都是对肢体语言的描述，可以推测，短文讲述的是肢体语言，进而推导出文章应
该会讨论到世界各国或各地区不同的肢体语言所代表的含义以及不同文化中的一些肢体语言禁忌。
16、What gesture do Bulgarians and Greeks use to express negative responses?
A) Nodding one’s head. C) Holding up the forefinger.
B) Waving one’s hand. D) Turning the right thumb down.
A。【详解】短文中提到，在保加利亚和希腊，点头表示“不”，也就是说，点头是否定回答，故答案为A)。
17、What is likely to offend Arab business people?
A) Looking away from them. C) Bowing one’s head to them.
B) Forming a circle with fingers. D) Waving or pointing to them.
D。【详解】短文中提到，向阿拉伯人挥手或用手指向他们都会让人感觉粗鲁，因为这是阿拉伯人唤狗时的动作，
也就是说,这样的动作会让阿拉伯人感到受辱，故答案为D)。
18、What is considered to be impolite in Muslim countries?
A) Looking one’s superior in the eye.
B) Keeping one’s arms folded while talking.
C) Showing the sole of one’s foot to a guest.
D) Using a lot of gestures during a conversation.
C。【详解】短文中指出，很多美国男性经常在就座后交叉双腿，一条腿的脚踝放到另一条腿的膝盖上，但在
穆斯林国家，这是一种侮辱性行为，他们决不会在客人面前露出脚底，故答案为C。
62014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
Passage Two
Three years ago, Puncha Maya, her husband and five children lived in a shaky flat in southern Nepal. Every
morning, the parents walked the dirt roads seeking work in the rice fields. (19) After the harvest, the family went
begging for food. Today, the Mayas own a small paper-bag making company. With the money they’ve earned, the
Mayas have purchased a small plot, on which they grew vegetables and raise goats for additional income. In fact,
the family has saved $ 68, this is remarkable in a country with an average annual income of $ 160.
Grace Mbakwa, her husband and eight children once lived hand-to-mouth in Cameroon. Today, the
Mbakwas run a clothing manufacturing business and own a home. (20) They are able to send their c hil dren to
school , at a cost of annual sum of $ 2800 .
The idea of starting her own business seemed impossible to Pilar Moya, a poor woman from Atahualpa,
high in Ecuador’s Andes Mountains. Today, however, she is one of the proud owners of a bakery specializing in
sweet cakes.
(21) These businesses are part of economic revolution sweeping to developing world. The sponsor is the
Trickle Up Program, a non-profit organization founded by New Yorkers Glen and Mildred Leet. This organization
offers people like the Mayas, the Mbakwas and the Moyas modest $ 100 grands. Since 1979, the program has
helped over 130,000 of the worlds neediest people in 90 countries win small life-saving victories over poverty.
And it has turned conventional thinking about foreign aid on its hand.
19、What do we learn about Puncha Maya’s family of three years ago?
A) They had to beg for food after the harvest. C) They shared a small flat with their
relatives.
B) They grew wheat and com on a small farm. D) The children walked to school on dirt roads.
A。【详解】短文中提到,三年前玛雅一家的生活十分贫困，每次收获季节后，一家人都要去乞讨，故答案 为
A)。
20、What is the Mbakwas able to do now?
A) Tour Ecuador’s Andes Mountains. C) Purchase a plot to build a home on.
B) Earn an annual income of $2,800. D) Send their children to school.
D。【详解】短文中提到，Mbakwas—家有能力送孩子上学，每年仅这一项开销就是2,800美元，故答案为D)。
21、What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A) The achievements of the Trickle Up Program.
B) A new worldwide economic revolution.
C) Different forms of assistance to the needy.
D) The life of poor people in developing countries.
A。【详解】文分别介绍了发展中国家几户贫困家庭的生活变迁，最后指出，这都归功于纽约人格伦和米尔德
丽德•力特创立的Trickle Up项目，这一项目通过发放救助金这一形式已为全世界超过13万贫困人口提供
了帮助敦由此可知，文章主要讲述的是Trickle Up项目的成果，故答案为A)。
Passage Three
Take care of your teeth and your teeth will take care of you. (22) Your teeth are a living part of your body .
They have nerves and blood vessels. Diseased teeth can cause pain, die and fall out. Plaque is the main enemy of
healthy teeth. Everyone has plaque. (23) It is a sticky colorless film that coats the teeth. Plaque is always forming
on the teeth, especially at the gum line. If plaque is not removed, it builds up and gets under the gum line. Plaque
that is left on the teeth for some time hardens. The result is tooth decay and gum disease. (24) The bacteria in
plaque live on sugar. They change sugar into acids, which break down the tooth’s harder outer covering. If left
untreated, decay goes deeper and deeper into the tooth. After a while, the decay reaches the nerves and blood
72014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
vessels of the inner tooth. By the time this happens, the tooth has probably started to ache. (25) In addition to tooth
decay, there are also gum diseases to watch out for. The bacteria in plaque make poisons that attack the gums.
Small pockets form around the teeth. The pockets trap more bacteria and food particles. Finally, the bone
supporting the teeth is attacked and starts to shrink. Teeth become loose and may fall out. Adults lose most teeth
this way. Keep your mouth healthy. When you brush your teeth，do a good job.
22、What does the speaker say about our teeth?
A) They are highly sensitive to cold. C) They are a living part of our body.
B) They are vitally important to our life. D) They are a chief source of our pain.
C。【详解】短文开头即提到，牙齿是我们身体有生命的一部分，故答案为C)。
23、What does the speaker say about plaque?
A) It has to be removed in time by a dentist. C) It contains many
nerves and blood vessels.
B) It is a rare oral disease among old people. D) It is a sticky and colorless film on the teeth.
D。【详解】短文中提到，牙斑是牙齿表面一层粘粘的无色层，故答案为D)。
24、Why is sugar harmful to teeth?
A) It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.
B) It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.
C) It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.
D) It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.
A。【详解】短文中指出，牙斑上的细菌以糖分为生，会使糖变成酸，从而破坏牙齿表面那层比较坚硬的覆盖物。
由此可知，糖会变成酸，破坏牙齿表层，故答案为A)。
25、What causes adults to lose most of their teeth according to the speaker?
A) Food particles. C) Unhealthy living habits.
B) Gum disease. D) Chemical erosion.
B。【详解】短文末尾部分指出，除了牙齿受损外，还会出现牙龈疾病，细菌先是侵害牙龈，接下来会使骨头受
损收缩，从而导致牙齿脱落。由此可知,牙龈疾病是成人的大部分牙齿脱落的原因，故答案为B) .
Section C
26、land on。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语，作句子的谓语。拳头必须落到对方的下领，因此填入
land on,意为“打，击”。注意情态动词must后需要接动词原形。
27、sharp。 【详解】此处应该填入形容词，修饰名词swords。带剑的演员必须使用锋利的剑互相打斗,因此填
入sharp，意为“锋利的”。
28、fill in for。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语，作句子的谓语。当电影场景危险时，特效演员通常替代
明星们上场，因此填人fill in for,意为“临时接替某人，替代”。
29、probably。【详解】空格所在句结构完整，因此，此处应该填入副词作状语。作为明星，汤姆•克鲁斯自己做
危险动作的可能性不大，所以我们看到的可能是他的替身演员在完成所有特技动作，因此填入probably, 意
为“可能”。
30、resemble。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语,作句子的谓语。为了使观众看不出区别，特效演员必须
在外形上与明星相似，因此填入resemble，意为“相似，相像”。注意情态动词must后需要接动词原形。
31、focuses on。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语,作句子的谓语。当露出正面时，镜头会拍明星，而不是
特效演员，因此填入focuses on,意为“聚焦”。注意句子主语为单数，时态为一般现在时，需要使用动词的
第三人称单数形式。
32、specialize。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语，作句子的谓语。下文举例说一位名叫简•戴维斯的特效
演员擅长各种跳跃，所以本句说有些特效演员有自己的拿手绝活，因此填入specialize,意为“专门从事，专
82014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
攻”。该词有两种拼法，specialise也是正确拼法。
33、timing。 【详解】由空格前面的careful planning判断，连词and后面的结构应该与其对应，expert为形容词，
空格处应该填入-ing形式的名词。跳跃需要细致的谋划和完美的时间设置，因此填入timing,意为“时间 选
择，时间设置”。
34、invented。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语，作句子的谓语。Yakima Ganutt发明了一个著名的特效
动作，因此填入invented,意为“发明”。注意“发明”这一动作已经发生，因此需要使用动词过去式，构成
一般过去式。
35、figured out。【详解】此处应该填入动词或动词短语，作句子的谓语。坎纳特还想出了一个新方法，让击打
看起来更真实，因此填入figured out,意为“想出”。由句中的also可知，本句与前一句为并列关系,句子也
应该使用一般过去时，因此figure要用过去式形式。
PartⅢ Reading Comprehension
Section A
答案详解：
36、N) survey。【详解】名词辨析题。空格前面是不定冠词a,后面是介词of,因此本空应填入名词。根据上下文
可知，本段第三句it was a biomonitoring project中的it应指代该空格处的内容，因此空格处应填入和
project “项目”意思相近的词，所以本题答案为survey “调查”。备选项中有多个名词，但只有survey与
project意思相近，其他均不符合文意，可以排除。
37、O) traces。【详解】名词辨析题。空格前面是介词for,后面是介词of，因此本空应填入名词，与of
chemicals作介词for的宾语。根据句意可知，该项目的目的是检测人们的血液和尿液中是否存在化学物质，
故空格处应填入含有“迹象、痕迹”意思的词，因此答案为traces“痕迹”。在备选的名词中，survey在第36
题已使用，可排除;analyses of chemicals与该句中的tested重复;average,excess和products均不符合文意，
可排除。
38、I) products。【详解】名词辨析题。空格前面是形容词household ,说明本空应填入名词。由空格后面列举的
face cream,tin cans和shower curtains可推断本空应填入含“用品”意思的词；同时，因为空格后面列举了三
种不同事物，所以本空应填入复数名词，因此答案为products“产品”。在备选的复数名词中，traces 在第37
题已使用，可排除;analyses与句意不符，可排除。
39、K) released。【详解】动词辨析题。空格所在部分与前后文用破折号分隔，说明该部分是插入语，对主语
the results进行解释说明。结合句意可知,该检测结果应该是发布在一份名为“它在我们体内吗?”的报告中，
因此本空填入 released最恰当，意为“发布”。
40、J) ranging。【详解】动词辨析题。空格所在部分前后分别是主语和谓语，说明该部分是对主语every one of
the participants的补充说明。同时空格后面出现了 from...to...，表示一种范围，所给动词中表示包括某一范围
的词只有ranging,故为答案。
41、M) simple。【详解】形容词辨析题。空格前面是冠词the,后面是名词presence,说明本空应填入形容词。根
据句意，人体内有这些化学物质不一定就有健康风险，由此可知，本空应填入表示强调作用的词，而选项中
的形容词只有simple有此用法，故为答案。
42、H) necessarily。【详解】副词辨析题。空格前面是does not,后面是动词indicate,故应填入副词修饰动词。根
据句意，人体内有这些化学物质不一定就有健康风险，而not已表示否定含义，因此应填入表示“一 定”意
思的副词，由此推断答案是necessarily。not necessarily意为“不一定”。在备选的副词中，habitually 意为
“习惯性地”，与句意不符，故排除。
43、L) shocked。【详解】动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，本句主语是the fact，that引导的同位语从句至at all
结束，June and his fellow participants是宾语，本句缺谓语，因此应填入动词。本句与while引导的前半 句是
转折关系，本句大意为，虽然未必有健康风险，但是体内居然含有这些化学物质这一事实也足够令人 。根
据句意可知，应填入含“惊讶”意思的词，因此答案为shocked。因为本句表述的是过去发生的事情，因此应
填入动词过去式，released在第39题已使用，只剩下demonstrated和shocked两个单词为过去 式形式，而
demonstrated不符合句意，因此可排除。
44、C) belongs。【详解】动词辨析题。空格前面是don’t，说明本空应填入动词原形。本句作为过渡句，起到承
92014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
上启下的作用。根据第一段可知，人体内有外来化学物质，那么本句应表达与之一致的意思,这些化学物质本
不该存在于人体内，所以填入belong表达“存在”的意思。且在备选的动词中只有belong —个动词原形，
故为答案。
45、B) average。【详解】名词辨析题。空格前面是不定冠词an,后面是介词of，说明本空应填入单数名词。本
句大意为，该组织在10个新生儿血液中发现了200种化学物质，应填入表达“平均”意思的词，因此填入
average。空格前面是不定冠词an,说明本空应填入以元音音素开头的单数名词，只有average和 excess符合，
而excess不符合句意，故排除。
Section B
Passage One
46、Greater mobility puts younger people at an advantage in seeking new jobs.
F)。【译文】更强的流动性使得年轻人在寻求新工作时处于优势地位。
【精析】该段第二句指出，与其他年龄段的就业者相比，年长者往往有自己的家，所以比能够转战新的就业市
场的租房者的流动性要差。由此推断，年轻人往往没有自己的房子，所以流动性更强，可以转战新的就业市
场， 这使得他们更容易找到新工作，这是他们的优势。题干中的mobility对应原文中的mobile，题干中的
puts...at an advantage in seeking new jobs 与原文中的 can move to new job markets 意思一致，故答案为 F)。
47、Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs.
I)。【译文】很多在经济萧条期下岗的年长员工不得不接受工资较低的新工作。
【精析】该段第一句提到，一项对在经济萧条期下岗的年长员工们的调查表明，他们中仅有六分之一的人找
到了新的工作，而有一半的人接受了比以前工资低的工作。题干中的lower pay和new jobs分别对应原文中
的 pay cuts 和 another job，故答案为 I)。
48、Those who lose their jobs shortly before retirement age live a shorter- than-average life.
D)。【译文】那些在即将退休之际失去工作的人往往比正常寿命短。
【精析】该段第二句指出，那些在即将得到社会保险金之前失业的人的寿命比他们的预期寿命要短三年。题
干中的 shortly before retirement age 和 shorter-than-average life分别是原文中 in the few years
before 和 lost up to three years from their life expectancy 的同义转述，故答案为 D)。
49、Seniors at nursing homes could benefit from the weak job market.
O)。【译文】养老院的老人因就业市场的不景气而受益。
【精析】该段第一句提到，在经济萧条期,65岁以上人口的死亡率历史性地降低了。接着指出原因，就业市
场的不景气迫使更多从业人员不得不接受相对不喜欢的养老院的工作，从而提高了老年人的护理水平。由
此可知，从这方面而言，老年人有所受益，故答案为O)。
50、Age discrimination in employment makes it pointless retraining older workers.
K)。【译文】就业中的年龄歧视使年长员工的再培训没有意义。
【精析】该段第一句引用经济学教授丹尼尔•哈默米斯的话指出，对55岁及以上的人群进行再培训没有太大
意义。接着第二句进一步指出，年龄歧视、长期的失业状态以及他们现在已经不被用人单位看好的事实都使
得人们认为对他们进行投资是不明智的。题干中的age discrimination和retraining在原文中出现;题干中的
makes it pointless 是原文中 doesn’t make sense 和 don’t make it sensible 的同义转述，故答案为 K)。
51、According to recent reports and data analyses boomers suffer most from the weak economy.
B)。【译文】根据最近的报告和数据分析，二战后生育高峰期出生的人在经济疲软期遭受的伤害最大。
【精析】解该段第二句引用劳工部的最新就业报告以及其他近期数据指出，二战后生育高峰期出生的人成为
经济萧条及其后续可怕影响的最大受害者。题干中的boomers对应原文中的baby boomers;题干中的suffer
most from the weak economy 与原文中的 the greatest victims of the recession and its dreadful consequences 属
于同义转述，故答案为B)。
52、Unemployed boomers are at a disadvantage in job-hunting because employers tend to hire younger workers.
102014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
H) 。【译文】失业的二战后生育高峰期出生的人在就业时处于劣势，因为雇主倾向于雇用更年轻的员工。
【精析】该段指出,失业的二战后生育高峰期出生的人还认为，他们是年龄歧视的受害者，因为雇主能够很容
易找到年轻的、精力充沛的员工，他们会接受较低的工资，而且可能可以为公司出力几十年而不是几年。由
此可以推断，失业的二战后生育高峰期出生的人在就业时处于劣势。题干中的unemployed boomers和are at
a disadvantage分别是原文中displaced boomers和are victims of的同义转述，故答案为H)。
53、People in their fifties and early sixties bear the heaviest family burdens.
C)。【译文】年龄为50多岁和60 岁出头的人们承受着最沉重的家庭负担。
【精析】该段第一句和最后一句提到，这些50多岁或60岁出头的美国人，他们上有年迈的父母，下有失业的
年轻子女，因此获得了一个不走运的昵称——“被压榨的一代”。题干中的their fifties and early sixties对
应原文中的their 50s and early 60s;题干中的the heaviest family burdens是对该段最后一句的概括，故答案
为C)。
54、People who take benefits from Social Seciuity before official retirement age will get much less for the rest of
their lives..
L)。【译文】那些在官方规定的退休年龄前领取社会保险金的人余生获得的退休金要少很多。
【精析】该段第三句提到，退休人员如果在62岁时就开始领取养老金要比等到完全退休年龄时再领吃亏，有
生之年,他每个月要少30%的金额，也就意味着少很多。题干中的official retirement age是原文中full
retirement age (66 for those bom after 1942)的同义转述;题干中的 get much less 是对原文 receive as much
as 30% less的概括，故答案为L)。
55、Older workers’ choice of jobs can be limited because of disability.
G。【译文】年长员工的就业选择因身体残疾而受到限制。
【精析】该段首句提到，年长员工更可能有某些不利条件，或许这就限制了他们现实的就业选择。因此可知，
年长员工的就业选择因其自身的不利条件而受到限制。题干中的 choice of jobs can be limited是原文中
limiting the range of jobs that offer realistic choices 的同义转述，故答案为 G)。
Section C
Passage One
答案详解：
56、B)。定位：由题干中的the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York定位到文章第一段第一句：New Yorkers
are gradually getting used to more pedaling(骑车的)passengers on those shining blue Giti Bikes.
详解：推理判断题。原文第一段第一句即提到越来越多的人使用花旗单车，接着第二、三句提到这种增加是
否是以纽约当地的自行车行受损为代价，可见作者最关心的还是当地自行车行是否会遭受损失，故答案为
B)。
点睛：A) “不骑自行车的人对此将有何反应”在倒数第二段倒数第二句提到，但表达的是安德鲁•克兽克
斯的观点，不是作者的观点，所以排除;C)“当地自行车行业是否会反对该项目”和D) “如何保障骑自行
车人的安全”在原文中均未提及，因此排除。
57、C)。定位：由题干中的 Gotham Bikes 定位到文章第二段第一句:At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca，manager W.
Ben said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program.
详解：事实细节题。由原文第二段第一句可知，哥谭单车行的销量因为该自行车共享项目有所增加。题干中
的as a result of是原文中的due to的同义转述，故答案为C)。
点睛: A)“它发现自行车销售不受影响”、B)“它将业务转向租车”和D)“它把更多的车租给游客” 均
不符合原文表述，因此排除。
58、B)。定位：由题干中的 bad news for Frank’s Bike Shop 定位到文章第三段第二句:But for Frank’s Bike
Shop, a small business on Grand St. , the bike-share program has been bad news.
详解：事实细节题。原文第三段第二句提到，自行车共享项目对雪弗兰克单车行是坏消息，第三句用具体数
字说明租车业务急剧下滑，第四句解释原因，该店的主要租车顾客是欧洲游客，都被花旗单车吸引走了，故
答案为B)。
112014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
点睛：A) “它无法满足自行车共享项目的需求”、C) “它的自行车价格不得不一再降低”和D) “它不
得不与该城市的自行车租赁行竞争”在原文中均未提及，因此排除。
59、A)。定位：由题干中的 Andrew Crooks 和 the bike-share program would be difficult .to execute 定位到文
章第六段第二句：“It seemed like a great idea，but one that would be difficult to implement,” Crooks said of Citi
Bike.
详解：事实细节题。题干中的execute与原文第六段第二句中的implement是同义词，接着第三句解释克鲁克
斯这么认为的原因，主要有两点，一是经验不足的骑车人不懂骑自行车的规则，二是不骑车的人会强烈反对
A)“经验不足的骑行人可能违反骑车规则”符合原文表述，故为答案。
点睛：B)“自行车租赁行之间可能会产生冲突”、C)“市区交通状况可能会恶化”和D)“没有足够车道容
纳自行车”在原文中均未提及，因此排除。
60、D）。定位由题干中的general attitude可知，本题考查对全文的理解
详解：观点态度题。本题考查当地自行车行对花旗单车的总体态度。从文章介绍的几位车行负责人的观点来
看，大部分人是认可该项目的。例如,詹姆斯•莱恩认为这是a good option;本认为该项目 good for bike sales;
虽然克里斯蒂安•法雷尔和安德鲁•克鲁克斯对该项目有所担忧，但是他们都承认这仍是一个不错的项目，
故答案为D)“认可的”。
点睛：A)“等待并观望”、B)“消极否定的”和C) “漠不关心的”都不符合原文所表达的态度，因此排除
Passage Two
答案详解：
61、C)。定位: 由题干中的 various studies on America’s public education 定位到原文第一段第一句:Various
studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurable improvements in learning.
详解：细节理解题。原文第一段第一句指出，教育投人的增加并没有带来学习效果的显著提高，所以C)
“增加投入几乎没有带来教育改善”符合文意，故为答案。
点睛: A)“成绩测试未能真实反映教学质量”和B)“公立学校缺乏与私立学校竞争的资源”在原文中均
未提及，因此排除;D) “学生数量的增长速度比老师快得多”，原文第一段第二句提到，1980年到 2008年
之间，美国公立学校教职员工数量的增长速度大约是学生的两倍,该项表述与原文相反，因此排除。
62、B)。定位：由题干中的 some people explain the .decline in public education 定位到原文第四段:Some
simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of skilled students by private
schools...
详解: 细节理解题。原文第四段指出，一些人单纯地把公立教育体系的衰落归因于私立学校挖走了有一技
之长的学生。所以B)“有二技之长的学生流向私立学校”符合文意，故为答案。
点睛：A)“政府投资满足不了每校的需求”在原文中并未提及;C)“合格的老师的工资远远不够”是原文
第六、七段对女性教师待遇的描述,与题干不符;D) “对学生基本技能的培训被忽视了”是对原文第三段
提到的现象的原因的推断，不符合题干意思。
63、C)。定位：由题干中的 a significant contributor to the past glory of public schools 定位到原文第六段第一句
A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working
outside the house other than being teachers or nurses.
详解：细节理解题。原文第六段第一句指出，公立学校运行良好的一个重要原因是,许多高素质的女性在外
工作除了当老师或护士之外别无他选。因此C) “才华横溢的女性教师”符合文意，故为答案。
点睛：A)“举止得体的学生”、B)“有效的行政管理”和D)“教师的高额薪水”在原文中均未提及，因此
排除。
64、A)。定位：由题干中的some of the best women teachers leave teaching定位到原文第七段第二句：Womens
liberation opened up new professional opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the best left teaching as a
career option, bringing about a gradual decline in the quality of schooling.
详解：细节理解题。原文第七段第二句指出，妇女解放运动为女性打开了新的职业机会的大门，因此一些优
秀的女性不再把教书作为一种职业选择，所以A) “妇女解放运动使女性接触到新的职业机会”符合文意，
故为答案。
122014年12月年大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解
点睛：B) “更高的学历要求使她们难以保住自己的工作”和D) “繁重的教学任务使她们几乎没有时间
和精力照顾家庭”在原文中均未提及，因此排除;C) “她们对学校的官僚式管理不满意”，原文第八段虽
然提到bureaucratic standard,但这是公立学校教育质量下滑的另一个原因，而不是女性离开教师行业的原因，
因此排除。
65、 D)。定位：由题干中的government involvement in education定位到原文第八段第一句:Also around that
time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic
（官僚的）standard for advancement.
详解：细节理解题。原文第八段介绍了官僚主义对公立学校的影响。前三句举例说明带来的负面影响，包括
规定工资、阻止改善和引入晋升的官僚式标准，将活动和成就混为一谈，定期改写课程、对教育理论胡说八
道以及不断要求增加行政人员等;最后一句说明导致的最终结果，即学生们的数学和阅读技巧既比不上国外
的同龄人，也比不上先前在教育上投入少得多时的那几代人。对照选项，只有D) “不断增加的行政人员数
量”符合原文表述，故为答案。
点睛：A)“愈加重视教育理论”与原文对教育理论胡说八道不符;B) “高度标准化的教学方法”，原文并
未提及;C) “学生的学习成绩提高”与原文第八段最后一句“学生们的数学和阅读技巧既比不上国外的
同龄人，也比不上先前在教育上投入少得多时的那几代人”不符。
PartⅣ Translation
中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。2010年，中国约有4.2亿网民（netizen)，而且人数还在迅速增
长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需
要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因
使用互联网，因而更广泛地使用论坛、博客、聊天室等。
The Internet community of China develops fastest all over the world. The number of Chinese netizens has
reached about 420 million in 2010 and it is still on the dramatic increase. The growing popularity of the Internet
results in great social changes. Chinese netizens are usually different from American netizens. The latter is more
often driven by practical needs, using the Internet as a tool to send e-mails, buy and sell goods, make researches,
arrange trips and make payments. The former are more likely to use the Internet for the reason of social contacts,
so they use forums, blogs and chat rooms on a larger scale.
难点注释：
1、翻译第一句时，可将“中国的互联网社区发展最快”译作主干，将“全世界”译作地点状语。也可将“互
联网社区发展最快”译作主干，将“中国”译作地点状语，即The Internet community in China develops
fastest all over the world。
2、翻译第二句时，可将“中国约有4.2亿网民”与“人数还在迅速增长”用and连接，均作句子主干，也可
将“中国约有4.2亿网民”译作句子主干，“人数还在迅速增长”译为which引导的非限制性定语从句作
定语。需要注意的是,“迅速”可译作fast,但鉴于上文已用过，为了避免用词重复，此处译作dramatic更好。
3、第三句结构简单，将“互联网的日渐流行”作句子的主语，其中“流行”可译为popularity; “日渐”一
词到底是用 gradual,还是用growing呢？ gradual表示“逐渐的”，growing表示“不断增长的”，根据原文
可知，互联网越来 越受到人们的喜爱,因此用growing更好，表示受人们喜爱的程度不断加深。
4、翻译第五句时，注意“发电子邮件”、“买卖商品”、“做研究”、“规划旅程”和“付款”是对“用互
联网为工具”的举例说明，有两种翻译方法,.一种译为:using the Internet as a tool to _send e-mails, buy and
sell goods, make researches, arrange trips and make payments;另一种译为：such as sending e-mails, buying and
selling goods, making researches, arranging trips and making payments by Internet。
5、翻译最后一句时，需要注意句子的逻辑关系。前半句“中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网”为因，
后半句“更广泛地使用论坛、博客、聊天室等”为果。因此，两句的衔接用so或hence这样的连接副词为宜。
此外，需要注意“更广泛地”的翻译，可用词组on a larger scale表达。
13
