文档内容
姓名： 班级
Unit 1 People of Achievement
1.1 Reading and Thinking
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1. Only with mass direct action will we o____ such change.
2. Citric acid can be e_____ from the juice of oranges, lemons, limes or grapefruit.
3. There's a lot of evidence that oily fish, as d______ from fatty meat, has a beneficial effect.
4．We should develop the students' ability to ________(分析) and solve problems.
5．As a matter of fact, happiness doesn't lie in how much ________(财产) you own.
6．As is known to all, talent and hard work are both ________(至关重要的) to career success.
7．It is necessary for us to have an ________(客观的) attitude towards life.
8．________(显然), we have to change all the labels on the books during the next week.
9．Our research attempts to ____(评价) the effectiveness of the different drugs.
10．I want to relax myself completely, so I am going to the ________(植物的) Garden with my
parents.
【答案】1.obtain 2.extracted 3.distinct 4.analyse 5．property 6.crucial 7.objective
8.Apparently 9.evaluate 10.Botanical
II.单句语法填空
1．She has ___________ (defeat) her opponent in all of their previous encounters.
2．People use ________(science) terms with no clear idea of their meaning.
3．Last year, they ________(evaluate) the president's progress on the fulfillment of election promises.
4．Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be acknowledged ________ excellent.
5．_____(boil) with brown sugar and ginger, fruit can be enjoyed better by teenagers as a fashionable
drink.
6 ． One reason for “People taking postgraduate exam on rise” is that jobs have higher
________(academy) requirements nowadays.
7．From this picture ________(obtain) from social media, we can see that death from New Zealand
volcano eruption has risen to 19.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂8．AI emotiondetecting technology is exciting but still a long way off, because it is distinct from
people whose feeling is based on their ________(analyse) of facts.
9．He delivered a speech which said the central authorities fully ________(acknowledge) our
devotion and hard work.
10．Biden said he wasn't willing ________(commit) “either way” when asked if he would run for a
second.
【答案】1.defeated 2.scientific 3.evaluated 4.as 5．Boiled 6.academic 7.obtained 8.analyses
9．acknowledged 10.to commit
III.短语填空
draw a conclusion ，get stuck， insist on, draw out, lead to, by chance,
according to, die from, make sure，graduate from,
1. The books are classified into several parts their contents.
2. In 2019, I university, where I majored in International Trade.
3. It is believed that working hard can success.
4. You just need to that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you.
5. I wanted to walk to the station, but he driving me there.
6. This is because each year millions of smokers this habit.
7. He is going to some money from his credit card this afternoon.
8. I met her quite while walking in Oxford Street.
9．You had better keep on trying if you find it difficult to ______________.
10．If you ever _____________，ask around for help until you are able to complete a given task.
答案: 1. according to 2. graduated from 3. lead to 4. make sure 5. insisted on 6. die from 7.
draw out 8. by chance 9.draw a conclusion 10.get stuck
IV. 补全句子
1．虽然一开始他们成功地发动了车，但是很快他们就陷入麻烦了。
Though they managed to start the car ___________，yet they got in trouble soon.
2．我突然想到你也许想喝点咖啡，于是就拿了一些来。
______________ you might like some coffee, so I’ve brought some up.
3．我将终生致力于为我的职业带来荣耀。
I _____________ a life that will bring honor to my profession.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂4．今天，在学校里，我被困在了电梯里，正要惊慌失措的时候，我才想起我有手机。
Today, at school, I __________ in the elevator and was about to panic before I remembered I had my
phone.
5．我认为阅读在语言学习中是至关重要的。
I think reading is _______________ in language learning.
6．我不想犯下如此严重的错误。
I wouldn’t like to _______________________________.
7．人们认为应该从综合素质的角度来评估学生。
_______________ students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
8．我坚持要求他和我们一起参加会议。
I _________________________ the meeting with us.
9. 这些年我得出的结论是，她是位非常伟大的音乐家。
Over the years I've __________________ that she's a very great musician.
10. 因为一件不小的荒唐事，这一切的荣耀也许将走向它的尽头。
It is therefore no small matter that this glory may be about _____________.
答案:
1.in the beginning 2.It struck me that 3.commit myself to 4.got stuck 5.of vital importance
6. commit such a serious mistake 7.It is acknowledged that 8. insist that he (should) attend
9. come to the conclusion 10. to end
二、拓展提升
I.阅读理解
A
The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible, honoring
people of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in Stockholm, Sweden. Nobel as a young man
studied with Nikolai Zinin, a well-known chemist. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the inventor of
nitroglycerin (炸药) in Paris. Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under pressure or heat,
Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. In 1857 he applied for his first patent
(专利), an English patent for a gas meter. After years of efforts, in 1867, at the age of 34, Nobel invented
dynamite(炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than nitroglycerin. Dynamite was an immediate
business success and it was patented in the US and the UK and was widely used in mining.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He built up his wealth from his
355 inventions, from which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s
obituary (讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to find out his public image. The
newspaper strongly blamed Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of
death” and saying “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever
before, died yesterday. ”
To Alfred, this obituary was a warning. He spent his lifetime alone inventing things and was deeply
concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his
will, so as to improve his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause.
In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last will, saying clearly that his wealth would be
used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great contributions to mankind in physics,
chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel
gave away 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
1. According to Paragraph 2, what led to Nobel’s outstanding achievements?
A. The valuable help from his family.
B. The strong desire to make money.
C. His lifetime dream of achieving success.
D. His great curiosity and devotion to science.
2. What was Alfred Nobel’s attitude towards the newspaper’s obituary?
A. Upset. B. Supportive. C. Optimistic. D. Satisfied
3. Why did Nobel give away most of his wealth to set up the Nobel Foundation?
A. To publish his findings of scientific research.
B. To improve his public image.
C. To be remembered as the “Merchant of Death”.
D. To prove the importance of his inventions.
答案：DAB
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了创立了诺贝尔奖的Alfred Nobel的生平故事。
1. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的Interested in its unpredictable nature of exploding under
pressure or heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a usable explosive. 诺贝尔对其在压力
或高温下爆炸的不可预测性很感兴趣, 于是开始寻找控制它的方法, 并制造出一种可用的炸药。可
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂知对科学的好奇心和献身精神让诺贝尔取得了杰出成就。
2. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段的 Reading his own obituary, Nobel was disappointed to
find out his public image. 读到自己的讣告后, 诺贝尔对自己的公众形象感到失望。由此可推之, 诺
贝尔对报纸的讣告的态度是沮丧的(upset)。
3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段的This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in
his will, so as to improve his public image, 这一不幸事件促使他改变了自己的遗嘱, 为了去改善自
己的公众形象, 故可知诺贝尔把他的大部分财富捐给了诺贝尔基金会的原因是为了改善他的公众形
象。
B
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always
remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water
from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing
countries, die each year because of waterrelated diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water (饮用水), while one
sixth of the world's population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M
Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learnt that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of
this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr Jim Jonza, my scientist
mentor (导师)from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is
green and costeffective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by
harmful water pollution.
In October, my family and I flew to 3M headquarters in St Paul, Minnesota, where the final event was
to be held. For the last challenge, each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the
summer. The first place winner would win $25,000, a trip to Costa Rica, and the title of America's Top
Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony, all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges，Danny
Forester, started announcing “The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is...”
You could hear a pin (大头针) drop as he opened the paper with the winner's name, “Deepika Kurup！”
As America's Top Young Scientist, I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national
television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learnt is that
communication and teamwork are key to success.
4．Why does the author mention her visits to India?
A．To express her great love for India.
B．To show the problem of unclean water.
C．To explain the importance of relatives.
D．To compare eastern and western cultures.
5．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implementing” in Paragraph 2?
A．Researching. B．Changing.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．Finishing. D．Using.
6．How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winner's name?
A．They appeared calm.
B．They let out shouts of joy.
C．They sat quietly.
D．They dropped pins to the author.
7．How is the text mainly organised?
A．In order of time.
B．In order of complexity (复杂性)．
C．In order of place.
D．In order of importance.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者去印度时发现那里的人们缺乏清洁的饮用水，由此得
到启发，回国后参加了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛，有机会与吉姆·琼扎博士合作，开发了一个
利用太阳能的净水系统。作者凭自己的发明在决赛中获奖，荣获“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。
4．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 I was troubled to learn that millions of
people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of waterrelated diseases.可知，
作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁水的问题。故选B项。
5．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。根据My invention is green and costeffective可知作者有了某
项发明，再由画线词后的内容可知作者希望自己的发明用到有水污染的地方，故implementing是
“应用”的意思。
6．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段You could hear a pin drop as he opened the paper
with the winner's name可知，宣布获奖名单时，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知，观
众都非常安静地坐着，故选C项。
7．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在探索教
育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A项。
II.七选五
Last Sunday I was thinking about the difference between successful people and those who don't
achieve anything significant. I made an interesting discovery. This difference may at first look obvious, but
the fact is quite the opposite. __1__
Everyone has a purpose behind their actions. If they don't, they wouldn't take action. __2__ When they
take action, at the back of their minds they think about success that this action is going to bring them.
__3__ What's the purpose behind your actions？Do you work to thrive or to survive? Do you go to
work to feed your family or to create an amazing lifestyle?
Different purposes will result in completely different life experiences. People who work to survive are
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂the ones who fear that some unexpected bill will arrive. They go to bed worrying about money and
unimportant things. They hate their employment but don't quit because they doubt their own ability to
create something greater. I know this kind of feeling because I was like that once. That's a very
uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about insignificant things. __4__
Therefore, you cannot achieve anything great.
Now there are some people who don't accept the “Life is hard” story and they are fueled by an entirely
different purpose.
They work to thrive. __5__ They have a beautiful vision and they take constant action to make that
vision a reality.
A．And they don't think about why something cannot be done.
B．Such an attitude invites great opportunities to you.
C．It lies in what motivates people to take action.
D．So let me ask you a few questions.
E．And this makes you take even more or better quality action.
F．This state does not allow you to be creative.
G．But successful people have a completely different purpose behind their actions.
【语篇解读】每个人的行动背后都有一个目标。但成功人士在他们的行动背后有一个完全不同
的目标，他们为成功而采取行动。
1．C 联系上句意思以及下段第一句 “Everyone has a purpose behind their actions.”可知选项C
符合语境，能够连接上下文。
2．G 由前面两句和后面一句 “When they take action，at the back of their minds they think
about success that this action is going to bring them. ”可知，此处讲的是成功的人的目标，所以选项G
符合语境。
3．D 根据下文作者提的问题可知，D项“所以让我问你几个问题。”符合语境。
4．F 根据 “That's a very uncomfortable state to be in because you are constantly worried about
insignificant things.”可知F项“This state does not allow you to be creative.”符合题意，其中“state”是
提示词。
5．A 本段描述成功人士的行动目的和生活状态，由此可以推测出A项符合语境，能够连接
上下文。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Papercutting was recognized as a national cultural heritage(遗产) in 2006.According to experts, paper-
cutting conveys the culture shared between China 1.________ the West to wish for family reunions and
maintain links with loved ones, alive or dead.
In the movie Coco, for instance, the 12yearold Miguel and his family dance and sing to celebrate the
Day of the Dead, a 2.________(tradition) festival in Mexico, when colorful papercuts are hung on the
street. Chinese people also cut images of small figures 3.________(call) back the spirits of the dead. The
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂difference is that most Chinese papercuts are red, while those in other countries 4.________(be) often
made in many other colors.
Fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen liked to cut 5.________(character), such as princesses and
angels, out of paper while 6.________(tell) stories to children. In China, female friends and family
members used to chat and make papercuts together.
“7.________ the patterns and colors may be different, papercuts share the same function of
maintaining emotional ties among people, ”says Yang Huizi, 8.________ art teacher at Beijing Union.
Yang9.________(study) and performed the art for over a decade. Besides routine university courses,
she also organizes nonprofit papercutting activities 10.________ are open to the public in Beijing to
promote basic knowledge of papercutting.
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文， 介绍中西方都有剪纸艺术， 虽然样式和颜色不一样，但是功
能和作用是一样的。 剪纸成为中国文化遗产， 有人一直在推广剪纸技术。
1．and 考查连词。本句为短语 “between…and…” , 故填and。
2．traditional 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词festival, 需用形容词， 故填traditional。
3．to call 考查不定式。分析句子结构可知， 本句call作目的状语， 故填不定式to call。
4．are 考查主谓一致。本句主语为those, 且整句时态为一般现在时， 故谓语动词用复数形
式are。
5．characters 考查名词复数。根据后文 “such as princesses and angels”可知， 剪成的纸人不
止一个， 故填复数形式characters。
6．telling 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知， 从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中谓语含
有be, 便可省略主语和be, 即省略“she is”， 故tell用现在分词形式， 故填telling。
7．Although/Though/While 考查状语从句。分析前后句意思可知， 前后句为让步关系， 故
用引导词Although/Though/While。
8．an 考查不定冠词。分析句子结构可知， art teacher作同位语解释说明杨蕙子的身份。此
处是第一次提及，故填不定冠词an。
9．has studied 考查时态。分析句子结构可知， 由于有 “for over a decade”修饰， 故用现在
完成时， 故填has studied。
10．that/which 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知， “are open to the public in Beijing to
promote basic knowledge of papercutting”为限制性定语从句， 修饰先行词activities, 从句缺乏主语，
故填关系代词which或者that。
IV. 应用文写作
根据以下材料， 写一篇英语短文， 向外国朋友介绍孔子(Confucius)。
出生： 公元前551年生于鲁国， 春秋时期(公元前479年)去世，享年73岁
身份： 中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家， 儒家学派的创始人
政治理想： 建立一个和谐人道的社会
代表作品： 《论语》(the Analects of Confucius)
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂影响： 对中国的政治、经济及文化产生深远的影响
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 儒家学派Confucianism; 人道的humanistic; 和谐的harmonious
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参考范文：
Confucius, known as KongZi in China, is a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was born
in the Lu State in 551 BC, when it was Spring and Autumn Period, he died in 479 BC at the age of 73.
As the founder of Confucianism, Confucius devoted his whole life to building a harmonious and
humanistic society.The Analects of Confucius was his most famous work.
Confucius has lasting and deep influence on China's politics, economy and culture. Not only is
Confucius the pride of China, but his thoughts and works also belong to the whole world.
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