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Unit 1 People of Achievement
完成以下名言警句并做好积累。
1. It took me 17 years and 114 days (become) an overnight success.
我花了17年零114天的时间才在一夜间成功。——梅西
2. There is no such thing a great talent without great willpower.
没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。——巴尔扎克
3. (live) without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活没有目标，犹如航海没有罗盘。——罗斯金
4. The most terrible enemy is no strong (believe).
最可怕的敌人，就是没有坚强的信念。——罗曼·罗兰
5. If I have seen (far), it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants.
如果说我看得远，那是因为我站在巨人的肩上。——牛顿
6. Many people waste a whole life (wait) for the chance to meet their desire.
许多人浪费了整整一生去等待符合他们心愿的机会。——尼采
7. (success), you must accept all the challenges and you can't just accept the ones you like.
要成功，你必须接受遇到的所有挑战，不能只接受你喜欢的那些。——迈克·加拂卡
8. Gods determine you’re going to be。
人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人。——欧文
9. Try not to be a man of success try to be a man of value.
不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。——爱因斯坦
10. A strong man will struggle the storms of fate.
强者能同命运的风暴抗争。——爱迪生
1.to become；2.as；3. Living；4. belief；5. further；6. waiting；7. To succeed；8. what；9. but；10.with
培优第一阶——基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1. The article examines how the special （特征）of plastic can cause environmental problems.
2. Knowledge has become a （关键性的）factor in the progress of a country.
3. He had no （客观的）evidence that anything extraordinary was happening.
4. Water is （必不可少的）to keep every living thing alive.
5. Present at the meeting were 200 people from all walks of life, who were m advanced workers.
6. There’s absolutely no regulation of cigarettes to make sure that they don’t include poisonous s .
7. After o a specific college degree a job applicant can be competitive for previously unavailable
jobs.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂8. The Lakers d the New Orleans Hornets the day before yesterday.
9. Solids（固体）turn to l at certain temperatures.
10. Portuguese explorers had （绘制）the west coast of Africa as far as Sierra Leone.
11. When the police hit the shore, the attacker （逃跑）into the jungle.
12. It is a that the temperature of the earth is rising.
13. I i from his silence that he was angry.
14. The People’s Republic of China was f in 1949.
15. The crowd f out of the station and 5 minutes later he picked her out.
16. He admires the great s like Einstein.
17. The public don’t think their president is a clever p .
18. He had a （酷爱）for gardens.
19. We ’ve made （非凡的）progress as a society in recent years.
20. I am an independent inventor and have had dozens of （专利） awarded to me in the past 35
years.
21. I studied for my （博士学位）in Tsinghua University from 2013 to 2016.
22. Father patted me g on my hack, but said nothing.
23. He was one of the very greatest scientific and
24. They e untold difficulties and dangers before they reached their destination.
25. They sat down and d a letter to the local newspaper.
26. The new technique is targeted at mobile （仪器）.
27. He shaved his m off and looked younger than his age.
【答案】
1.properties 2.crucial 3.objective 4.vital 5.mostly 6.substances 7.obtaining 8.defeated 9.liquids
10.charted 11.fled 12.appareat 13.inferred 14.founded 15.flowed 16.scientists 17.politician 18.passion
19.extraordinary 20.patents 21.doctorate 22.gently 23.geniuses 24.encountered 25.drafted 26.devices 27.
moustaches
II. 选词填空
get stuck; insist on ;commit...to(do) ; commit oneself to; be well known for; stand up;
put it; make great contributions to; out of a passion for; come to power; take up;
mistake...for; pass away
1. He was not expected to go, but he going.
2. I was eating a turkey sandwich and the food just in my throat.
3. They themselves study harder than before.
4. He was a devoted teacher and the education of the children.
5. Xu Zhimo his poem A Second Farewell to Cambridge.
6. As Charles Chaplin once “There is nothing permanent in this wicked world, not even our
troubles.”
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂7. Is this building going to to the strongest gales?
8. The prize will be awarded to those who have the world’s peace.
9. Most tour guides do the job traveling rather than money.
10. He left a new position in another company.
11. However, social changes brought about by new technology often
changes in attitudes.
12. When Jin Yong , there were many fans on social media expressing their sadness over his
death.
13. After Mandela , his government tried its best to improve blacks’ education.
【答案】
1. insisted on 2.got stuck 3.committed;to 4.committed himself to 5.is well known for 6.put it
7. stand up 8.made great contributions to 9.out of a passion for 10.to take up
11.are;mistaken for 12.passed away 13.came to power
III. 单句语法填空
1. Lack of sleep can result in attention disorders and poor (academy) performance.
2. He made a very thorough (analyse) on the situation.
3. He (acknowledge) that he had broken the law.
4. They are committed to developing a new (evaluate) system.
5. (science) management promotes production.
6. Have you seen the exhibition at the (botany) garden?
7. Here’s some (boil) water. Have a drink whenever you’re thirsty.
8. Many people make a sharp (distinct) between humans and other animals.
9. Rudolph said no more. (apparent) he was a man of few words.
10. This kind of cloth washes well, irons easily and (wear) long.
11. Queen Rania of Jordan, a woman (commit) to making the world a better place for women and
children, is truly changing the world.
12. This contest will last one and a half months, (conclude) at the middle of December.
13. The librarian insists that John (take) no more books from the library before he returns all the
books he has borrowed.
14. What really (strike) me about London was that it was not only historic but modern.
15. As the (found) of Alibaba, China’s largest e-commerce（电子商务）site, Ma Yun is never
afraid of dreaming big.
16. Under no (circumstance) shall I mention the secret to anyone.
17. The available evidence clearly leads to the (conclude) that the media do have an influence on the
public’s perception（认知） of crime.
18. My fence (tear) down in the storm, so I need to put up a new one.
19. On the beautiful ship were over 2,000 people, most of were women and children.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂20. This is the most splendid part of your chart, all the information is analyzed cleverly in the
language of mathematics.
21. In 1897, Joseph John Thomson of Cambridge announced his discovery of the electron（电子）,
which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906.
22.It is a unique American (institute) for the new president to deliver an inaugural address（就职
演说）.
23. Einstein’s theory of (relative) won him universal fame and respect.
24. Despite (number) failures, they continued to conduct the experiment.
25. Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were (gradual) being restored yesterday.
26. Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious (consequence).
27. In 1979, only 2% of British (professor) were females.
28. Many (theory) have been advanced as to why some people suffer from depression.
29. Can I just sum what we’ve agreed so far?
【答案及详解】
1.academic 考查词性转换。句意：缺乏睡眠会导致注意力紊乱和学习表现差。academic 是形容词，作
performance的定语。
2. analysis 考查词性转换。句意：他对这个形势做了透彻的分析。此处包含短语 make a thorough analysis
on...对……做透彻的分析，故填名词analysis。
3.acknowledged 考查动词的时态。句意：他承认他违背了法律，通过 that 后的 had broken可以判断主句
用一般过去时。故填 acknowledged。
4. evaluation 专查词性转换。句意：他们承诺开发新的评价体系，evaluation system 评价体系，此处用名词
作定语。
5.Scientific 考查词性转换。句意：科学的管理促进生产。scientific 是形容词，意为“科学的”，作
management的定语。
6.botanical 考查词性转换。句意：你看植物园的展览品了吗？botanical 是形容词，意为“植物学的”，作
garden的定语。botanical garden 意为“植物园”。
7. boiled 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是些烧开了的水。你渴了就可以随时喝。boiled是过去分词，表示动
作已经完成，boiled water 即“烧开的水”，注意正在沸腾的水（boiling water）不能喝，所以不能使用
boiling。
8. distinction 考查词性转换。句意：很多人认为人类和其他动物截然不同。 make a distinction
between...and...把……和……区别开。故填名词 distinction。
9. Apparently 考查词性转换。句意：鲁道夫不再说话。看来他是个少言寡语的人。apparently是副词，可放
在句首作状语。
10. wears考查动词时态。句意：这种布料耐洗、易熨烫、耐磨。wear在此处为不及物动词，意为“磨损”，
与long 连用，表示主语自身属性，用主动形式表示被动关系。依据句中其他谓语动词 washes、irons可知
时态应为一般现在时。
11. committed 考查非谓语动词。句意：约旦王后拉尼娅，一位承诺使世界成为更好的适合妇女和儿童的地
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂方的女性真的在改变世界。be committed to doing sth.某人承诺做某事。此处用过去分词短语作后置定语修
饰 a woman。
12.concluding 考查非谓语动词。句意：这次比赛将持续一个半月，在12月中旬结束。句子中已有谓语动
词will last，所以此处要用非谓语动词形式，conclude在此处意为“结束”、作不及物动词，和句子主语之
间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
13.take 考查虚拟语气。句意：图书管理员坚持要求约输在归还所有借过的书之前不能再从图书馆拿走任何
书籍。insist在此处意为“坚持要求”，后接的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“（should＋）动词原
形”形式，故此处填take。
14.struck考查时态。句意：伦敦给我的真实印象是它不仅有重大的历史意义而且现代化，由语境可知此处
需用一般过去时。
15.founder 考查词性转换。句意：作为中国最大电商网站阿里巴巴的创始人，马云从来不畏惧梦想干一番
大事。found是动词，意为“建立”，founder为名词，意为“建立者，创始人”。
16. circumstances 考查固定用法。句意：无论如何我都不会向任何人提及这个秘密。此处包含固定用法
under no circumstances，意为“无论如何不”。
17.conclusion 考查词性转换。句意：现有的证据可以清楚地得出结论：公众对犯罪活动的认知确实受到媒
体的影响。conclusion 为名词，作leads to的宾语。
18.was torn 考查时态和语态。句意：我的篱笆在暴风雨中被拆毁了，所以我需要搭建个新的。tear down意
为“拆毁”，与主语之间为被动关系，由语境可知用一般过去时，所以填was torn。
19.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这艘漂亮的船上有 2,000多人，其中大多数是妇女和儿童，people 是先
行词，指人，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填whom。
20.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是你的图表中最精彩的部分，在这一部分中，所有的信息都用
数学语言进行了巧妙的分析。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是chart，指物，关系词在从句中作地
点状语，故填where。
21.for 考查非限制性定语从句中介词的用法。句意：1897年剑桥大学的约瑟夫·约翰·汤姆逊宣布他发现了
电子，1900年他因此被授予诺贝尔物理学奖，非限制性定语从句中的which指代前面整个主句的内容，由
句意可知设空处表示“因为”，说明获奖原因，故应填介词for。
22.institution 考查词性转换。句意：对于新总统来说，发表就职演说是一个独特的美国的习俗。由设空处
前的a可知此处应用名词，institution意为“习俗”。
23.relativity 考查词性转换。句意：爱因斯坦的相对论理论为他赢得了全世界的名声和尊重。theory of
relativity 意为“相对论理论”，所以此处应填名词 relativity。
24.numerous 考查词性转换。句意：尽管（经历了）许多的失败的事，他们继续进行实验。此处应用形容
词作定语，修饰其后的复数名词failures。numerous 作形容词，意为“许多的”。
25.gradually 考查词性转换。句意：通向3万户人家的电线昨日被逐步修复。分析句子成分可知，设空处修
饰谓语动词，应用副词，gradually意为“逐渐地，逐步地”。
26.consequences 考查名词单复数。句意：由于粗心犯的错误可能会有严重的后果。consequence 为可数名
词，意为“后果”，设空处前无冠词及形容词性物主代词，且由语境可知此处应用名词的复数形式，故填
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂consequences。
27.professors 考查名词单复数。句意：在1979年，只有2％的英国教授是女性。professor为可数名词，意
为“教授”，由设空处后的were 可知此处应填复数名词 professors。
28.theories 考查名词单复数。句意：关于为什么一些人患有抑郁症，许多理论已经被提出来了。theory为
可数名词，意为“理论”，由设空处前的Many 可知此处应填复数名词theories。
29.up 考查固定搭配。句意：我可否就我们目前达成的共识作个概括？sum up 意为“总结，概括”，故填
up。
IV. 翻译句子
1.被邀请来参加本次夏令营开幕式我深感荣幸。(It is an honor for sb. to do sth.)
2.普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。（It is acknowledged that...)
3.我们负责任地控制住自己对环境的影响是至关重要的。（It is crucial that...）
4.我突然想到我可以把书捐给慈善机构（charity）。(It strikes sb. that...)
5.他坚持主张由于天气不好运动会应推迟到下周。(insist that...)
6.`贫困国家最需要的不是钱而是先进的技术。(not...but...)
7.给我印象最深的是他们面对困难时从不泄气。(what impressed sb. most)
8.据报道3人在这起交通事故中受伤。（It is reported that...)
9.这个法国人说起长城好像他以前去过那里似的。(as if)
10.街道两边挤满了人，大家都在为跑步的人加油。（独立主格结构）
11. 如果把电视嵌入天花板，你就可以躺在那里观看你最喜欢的节目了。（while doing...）
【答案】
1. It is a great honor for me to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the summer camp.
2. It is generally acknowledged that fresh food is beneficial to our health.
3. It is crucial that we responsibly manage our impact on the environment.
4. It struck me that I could donate the books to charities.
5. He insisted that the sports meeting be put off till the next week because of the bad weather.
6. What poor countries need most is not money but advance technology.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂7. What impressed me most was that they never lost heart when faced with difficulties.
8. It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident.
9. The French man talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.
10. Both sides of the street were crowded with people, all cheering the runners on.
11. If the TV was built into the ceiling, you could lie there while watching your favourite programme.
V. 课文语法填空
A
Tu Youyou is universally acknowledged as a scientist of great 1 (achieve). Born in Ningbo,
China, on 30 December 1930, Tu Youyou graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1967, she
was chosen for a research team 2 was formed by the government with the aim of discovering a new
treatment 3 malaria and two years later she became the head of the project in Beijing. She and her
teammates examined over 2,000 old medical texts, 4 (evaluate) 280,000 plants for their medical
properties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against
malaria. As a 5 (commit) and patient scientist, she never acknowledged defeat whatever difficulty
she met. After failing to draw out useful extract by 6 (boil) the sweet wormwood, she began even 7
(careful) thinking and research work. She drew 8 conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood 9
(destroy) its medical properties. So she used a lower temperature 10 (draw) out the extract and
finally she succeeded.
【答案及详解】
1.achievement 考查词性转换。句意：屠呦呦被普遍认为是一个具有伟大成就的科学家。of后接抽象名词表
示某人或某物具有的某种特征或性质，故填 achievement。
2. that/which 考查关系词。此处指她被选入一个由政府成立的科研团队。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a
research team，从句中缺少主语，故填 that或which。
3. for 考查介词。a new treatment for malaria 意为“治疗疟疾的新药”，故填for。
4. evaluated 考查动词的时态。句中的 examined，设空处和 tested 作并列谓语，用一般过去时，故填
evaluated。
5.committed 考查词性转换。committed 为形容词，意为“尽心尽力的”，和 patient一起作 scientist的定
语。
6.boiling 考查非谓语动词。by doing sth. 意为“通过做某事”，by 为介词，后接动名词。
7.more careful 考查形容词的比较级。此处指她开始甚至更加仔细的思考和研究工作，故填 more careful。
8.a 考查固定搭配。draw a conclusion that…得出……的结论。
9. destroyed 考查动词时态。由上下文语境可知这是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填
destroyed。
10.to draw 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式表示目的。故填 to draw。
B
Albert Einstein, a genius well known for the theory of relativity, is universally considered the greatest scientist
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂in modern physics. Born 1 14 March 1879, Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland when he
was 16, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the 2 (enter) exam, though he did
succeed in obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. It was in 1896 3 he managed to pass
the exam. While 4 (work) in the Swiss patent office, he continued to study and earned a 5
(doctor) in physics in 1905.Four years later he quit the job and 6 (commit) himself to full-time
research at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the
photoelectric effect.
Sadly, the great genius had to 7 (flee) Germany in 1933, 8 Hitler came to
power and Jews were persecuted （ 迫 害 ） 、 After spending time in Europe, he finally took up 9
position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. And he continued to make great 10
(achieve) in physics and mathematics.
【答案及详解】
1.on 考查介词。有具体日期的时间前面要用on。
2. entrance 考查词性转换。the entrance exam 意为“入学考试”，entrance在此处为名词作定语。
3.that 考查强调句式。句意；是在1896年他设法通过了考试。此处 It was...that 为强调句式，强调时间状
语。
4.working 考查非谓语动词。While working...为状语从句的省略，省略了主语和 be动词，补充完整为
While he was working…。
5.doctorate 考查名词。由设空处前的冠词a可知此处应用名词，doctorate 意为“博士学位”。
6.committed 考查动词时态。根据句子中时间状语 Four years later及上下文语境可知应该用一般过去时。
此题注意不要受quit的干扰，quit的过去式，过去分词有两种：quit／quitted。
7.f1ee 考查动词的形式。have to do sth.意为“不得不做某事”。故填flee。
8.when 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：令人悲伤的是，这位伟大的天才1933年不得不离开德国，这一年
希特勒上台执政，犹太人受到迫害。句中的1933为先行词、设空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作时间
状语，故填when。
9.a 考查冠词。句意：在欧洲度过一段时间之后，他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员的职位。
此处包括固定搭配 take up a position，意为“担任，任职”。
10.achievements 考查词性转换和名词复数。achievement 作“成就”讲时是可数名词，故填
achievements。
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
●阅读理解
A
话题人物：核物理女王——吴健雄 词数：352+142 难度：☆☆☆
Known as the “First Lady of Physics” and Queen of Nuclear (原子核) Research, Chien-Shiung Wu was born
in China in 1912 and came to the United States in 1936 to take part in the doctorate(博士) program in nuclear
physics at the University of Michigan. After learning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂she instead chose to go to the University of California Berkley.
During her earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love of learning had been
encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood out in her
undergraduate academic work and later during post-graduate research. At Berkley, she benefited from working with
some of the top physicists in the country at that time. After one year at Berkley, she received a scholarship (奖学金)
to Caltech. She completed her doctorate in 1940 and moved to the east coast. Unable to find a research position at a
university, Wu became a physics instructor at Princeton University and at Smith College. In 1944, she joined the
Manhattan Project where she began work on beta decay and uranium enrichment.
During the 1960’s, while at Columbia University, Wu began working with two other Chinese American
scientists, Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang conducting research in the field of particle physics. Wu developed
an experiment disproving (反驳) a hypothetical physical law called the conversation of parity. The Wu Experiment
smoothed the way for her two colleagues to earn the Nobel Prize, an award for which she was overlooked, she
believed, because she is a woman. In 1978, her work was finally recognized when she received the Wolf Prize, a
$100,000 international award given to artists and scientists for achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly
relations among people... no matter what his nationality, race, color, religion, sex or political views are.
She continued advancing her work in nuclear physics for many years and later joined in protecting women ’s
rights. She died in 1997 from a stroke.
1. Why did Wu change to study at the University of California Berkley?
A．She needed to join a program. B．She wanted to be treated equally.
C．She could learn physics further. D．She could get the doctorate easily.
2. What can we infer about Wu from Paragraph 2?
A．She had a good performance in study. B．She carried out nuclear research in China.
C．She couldn’t find her position at university. D．She was the first female to join the Project.
3. What does the underlined word “overlooked” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Accepted. B．Criticized.
C．Praised. D．Removed.
4. Which of the following best describes Wu as a scientist?
A．Gifted. B．Responsible.
C．Devoted. D．Creative.
【答案】BADC
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了被誉为“物理学第一夫人”及“核物理女王”的物理学家吴健雄的信息，受
教育经历以及取得的学术成就。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段中“After learning that women were disrespected at the University of Michigan, she
instead chose to go to the University of California Berkley.(在得知密歇根大学不尊重女性后，她转而选择了加
州大学伯克利分校)”可知，吴健雄选择在加州大学伯克利分校学习的原因是她希望得到平等对待。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中“During her earlier life in China, she had been an outstanding student whose love
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂of learning had been encouraged by her father. By the time she arrived in the United States, she had already stood
out in her undergraduate academic work and later during post-graduate research. At Berkley, she benefited from
working with some of the top physicists in the country at that time. (在中国的早期生活中，她是一个优秀的学生，
她对学习的热爱得到了父亲的鼓励。当她到达美国时，她已经在本科学术工作中脱颖而出，后来又在研究
生研究中脱颖而出。在伯克利大学，她从与当时国内顶尖物理学家的合作中受益匪浅)”可推断出，吴健雄
学习成绩很好。
3.词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Wu Experiment smoothed the way for her two colleagues to earn the
Nobel Prize(吴健雄的实验为她的两位同事获得诺贝尔奖铺平了道路)”和下文“because she is a woman(因为
她是一个女人)”可知，吴健雄和两个同事合作，她的两个同事获得了诺贝尔奖，结合划线单词所在句子
“an award for which she was overlooked(一个她被……的奖)”可推知，吴健雄和两名男性同事一起合作，但
是两名同事获得了诺贝尔奖，而她因为是女性，所以被忽视，没有获得诺贝尔奖，由此可知，划线单词
“overlooked”意为“忽略，不考虑”，与D项“Removed.(除去)”意思相近。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She continued advancing her work in nuclear physics for many years and later
joined in protecting women’s rights.(她多年来一直致力于核物理研究，后来加入了保护妇女权利的行列)”可
知，作为一个科学家，吴健雄是一个全心全意献身于科学的科学家。
B
话题人物：科学家——Richard Phillips Feynman 词数：294+168 难度：☆☆☆
Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view. Such
was Richard Phillips Feynman, a role model change maker. Born in 1918, he began showing some unusual
qualities.
The first sign of Feynman’s unique qualities was that he hadn’t yet spoken by age three. But young Feynman
showed a talent for math and engineering. He enjoyed repairing household objects, and built a simple laboratory in
his room. By the time he was in high school, he was experimenting things which were only taught to college
students.
After Richard Feynman graduated from high school in 1939, he studied at the MIT. Despite the fact that his
grades in science and math were “the best that we’ve seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to
his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion. Finally, he was accepted and continued to study physics at
Princeton where he got his PhD．His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time, including Albert Einstein.
At Princeton, Feynman began his most famous work: his work on nuclear weapons. He moved to a lab and not
all of his work there has been released to the public, but we know he performed experiments related to uranium.
After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the
Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.
Then, in 1978, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later. Though Feynman and his work are honored
by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique. Faced with all the
challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.
5. What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text?
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂A．Young Feynman showed his talent in every field.
B．Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended.
C．Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot.
D．Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60.
6. Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton?
A．Because he was a Jewish.
B．Because he graduated from the MIT.
C．Because he was very gifted in math and science.
D．Because his lecture attracted many great scientists.
7. Which words can best describe Richard Feynman?
A．Selfless and friendly. B．Talented and stubborn.
C．Intelligent and devoted. D．Strong-willed and humorous.
8. What may be the best title of the text?
A．Richard Feynman’s Unusual Qualities B．Richard Feynman — A Respected Scientist
C．A Touching Story About Richard Feynman D．The Influence of Richard Feynman
【答案】BCCB
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家Richard Phillips Feynman，介绍了他的个人经历以及
取得的成就。
5.细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his
studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.(战后，费曼在康奈尔大学任教，
继续他的学业。他还因在粒子物理学方面的工作而获得诺贝尔奖)”可知，费曼是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。
6.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we ’ve
seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.
(尽管他在科学和数学方面的成绩是“我们见过的最好的”，但根据普林斯顿大学的说法，他几乎被拒绝，
因为他在写作方面的成绩很差，以及他的犹太信仰)”可知，费曼被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方
面很有天赋。
7.推理判断题。根据第二段中“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.(但年轻的费曼在
数学和工程方面表现出了天赋)”以及第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the
best that we ’ve seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and
his Jewish religion.(尽管他在科学和数学方面的成绩是“我们见过的最好的”，但根据普林斯顿大学的说法，
他几乎被拒绝，因为他在写作方面的成绩很差，以及他的犹太信仰)”可知，他很聪明；结合第四、五段可
看出费曼从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知，Richard Feynman聪明
且专注。
8.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Then, in 1978, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later. Though
Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really
makes him unique. Faced with all the challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂(1978年，费曼罹患癌症，一年后去世。虽然费曼和他的工作受到全世界物理学家的尊敬，但他的个人品
质和技能才是真正让他与众不同的。面对所有的挑战，他从未放弃，做着他热爱的工作，直到他去世的那
一天)”及下文陈述可知，作者描述了物理科学家费曼的成长过程以及伟大成就，在最后一段点出费曼的成
就举世瞩目，被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知，B选项“理查德·费曼——一位受人尊敬的科学家”最符
合文章标题。
●七选五
话题人物：科学家——屠呦呦 词数：317+111 难度：☆☆☆
Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for
malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.“____9____” China Daily noted.
Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year,
according to The Economist. Tu’s discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world.
____10____
But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel. In the late 1960s, Tu joined a government project
on which she began research on a new malaria drug. At the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies, searched
texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and traveled to remote places. Over several months, Tu and her
team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies.
“This was the most challenging stage of the project,” Tu told Beijing News. “It was a very labor-demanding
and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.”
____11____She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice. They found that an extract from
the plant qinghao seemed to work well.
____12____ The fact that the extract didn’t always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates.
But Tu was ambitious to make a contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going.
They decided to start again from the beginning.
In 1971, they were rewarded for their efforts. After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100
percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called artemisinin（青蒿素）.
Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to
combat these debilitating（削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize
Committee.“____13____”
A．In 2017, an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide and 435,000 people died, mostly in the
African Region.
B．It has made a great step forward in this field.
C．It is the pride of the whole Chinese science community, which will inspire more Chinese scientists.
D．Not that the work was easier after that.
E．But the hard work and the dullness failed to break the team’s spirit.
F．According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with
2000.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂G．The consequences in terms of improved human health and reduced suffering are immeasurable.
【答案】C F E D G
【文章大意】文章讲述了屠呦呦及其团队寻找抗疟药的艰辛历程，盛赞屠呦呦及其团队所做的贡献。
9．根据划线前句提到“Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering
a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.”（屠呦呦因发现疟疾新药
而获得2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 她是第一个获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。）可知，此处强调屠
呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。因此C项“这是整个中国科学界的骄傲，它将激发更多的中
国科学家。”和前句构成因果关系。上下文逻辑为“屠呦呦获奖为整个中国科学界的骄傲，同时将激发更
多的科学家”。C项切题。
10．根据划线前句提及“Tu ’s discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world.”（屠
呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命，尤其是在发展中国家。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的发现贡献巨大。F
项“根据世界卫生组织的数据，到2013年，疟疾死亡人数比2000年下降了47%。”是对前句内容进行补
充说明。表示屠呦呦的发现拯救了成千上万的人。F项切题。
11．根据划线前句提及“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure
after another.”（这是一份非常费力又枯燥的工作，特别是当你面对一个又一个失败的时候。）可知，此处
强调这项研究枯燥且费力。再根据划线后句提及“She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected
mice.”（她和她的团队在感染疟疾的老鼠身上测试了这些疗法。）可知，尽管工作枯燥且费力，但是她和
她的同事们并没有因此放弃研究。故E项“但是艰苦的工作和枯燥的生活并没有破坏团队的精神。”和前
句构成前后转折且引出下文。上下文逻辑为：尽管工作艰苦，但是她和她的同事们并没有因此放弃。而是
继续做实验。E项切题。
12．根据划线前句提及“They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.”（他们发现
青蒿植物的提取物似乎效果很好。）可知，他们发现了青蒿的提取物。再根据划线后句“The fact that the
extract didn ’t always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates.”（提取物并非总是能对抗疟疾，
这一事实使她的一些队友感到沮丧。）可知，尽管他们发现了青蒿的提取物，但是作用不好。故 D项“但
那之后的工作并不容易。”承接上文发现青蒿提取物，和前文构成前后对比。引出下文：提取物并非总能
对抗疟疾。且D项中的that指代前句“他们发现了青蒿提取物”。D项切题。
13．
根据划线前文提及“Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful
new means to combat these debilitating(削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the
Nobel Prize Committee.”（诺贝尔奖委员会说，得益于数十年来的坚持不懈，屠和她的团队为人类提供了强
有力的新手段，以应对每年影响数亿人的这些令人衰弱的疾病。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的团队为人类做
出了巨大贡献。因此G项“在改善人类健康和减少痛苦方面的后果是不可估量的。”是对前文提及的屠呦
呦的贡献进一步强调。再一次赞扬了屠呦呦的贡献。G项切题。
●完形填空
话题人物：科学家——诺贝尔 词数：317+84 难度：☆☆☆
The Nobel Prize is considered one of the most recognizable and admirable awards possible ___14___ people
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂of the world for their outstanding achievements in different fields.
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 to a family of engineers in. Sweden. In 1850, he met Ascanio Sobrero, the
inventor of nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) in Paris. Interested in its irregular ___15___ of exploding under pressure or
heat, Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a ___16___ explosive (爆炸物). After years of ___17___,
in1867, the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite ( 炸药), which is much easier and safer to control than
nitroglycerin.
During his lifetime, Nobel invented and patented various explosives. He ___18___ his wealth from his 355
inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.
When Alfred ’s brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper ___19___ published Alfred ’s obituary
(讣告). Reading his own obituary, Nobel was ___20___ to find out his public image. Then newspaper strongly
___21___ Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying “Dr.
Alfred Nobel, who became ___22___ by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.”
To Alfred, this obituary was a(n) ____23____. He spent his lifetime alone ____24____ things and was deeply
concerned with how he would be remembered. This unfortunate event inspired him to make changes in his will. so
as to ____25____ his public image, and to be remembered for a good cause. In 1895, one year before his death,
Nobel made the last ____26____, saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those
who have made great ____27____ to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace.
To widespread astonishment, Dr. Alfred Nobel ____28____ 94% of his total wealth to found the five Nobel Prizes.
14．A．remembering B．honouring C．crediting D．negating
15．A．nature B．.conduct C．flavour D．benefit
16．A．deadly B．bitter C．usable. D．mild
17．A．innovations B．efforts C．hesitation D．association
18．A．brought up B．put up C．broke up D．built up
19．A．mistakenly B．purposefully C．unintentionally D．scientifically
20．A．satisfied B．relieved C．impressed D．disappointed
21．A．praised B．blamed C．appreciated D．favoured
22．A．greedy B．essential C．rich D．sufficient
23．A．error B．warning C．threat D．consequence
24．A．destroying B．inventing C．combining D．stimulating
25．A．improve B．establish C．illustrate D．secure
26．A．request B．illustration C．will D．fortune
27．A．choices B．decisions C．profits D．contributions
28．A．gave away B．gave back C．gave off D．gave out
【答案】14-18 BACBD 19-23ADBCB 24-28BACDA
【文章大意】文章主要叙述了诺贝尔一生发明了无数的爆炸物品，却因此受到了人们的诟病，为了提升自
己的公众形象，他将自己一生的大部分财产捐献了出去成立了诺贝尔奖用来奖励在物理、化学、医学等方
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂面做出突出贡献的人。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔奖被认为是最有辨识度和最令人钦佩的奖项之一，表彰了世界各地
在不同领域取得的杰出成就的人们。A. remembering记得；B. honouring尊敬、表彰；C. crediting相信；D.
negating否认。根据最后一段“In 1895, one year before his death, Nobel made the last ___13___, saying clearly
that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great ___14___ to mankind in
physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace.”可知，诺贝尔奖是用来表彰这些杰出的人。
故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔对其在压力或热量下爆炸的不规则性质很感兴趣，他开始寻找一种
方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。A. nature自然、性质；B. conduct行为、举动；C. flavour味道；
D. benefit利益。根据空后的“exploding under pressure or heat”可知，这是硝酸甘油的性质。故选A。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诺贝尔对其在压力或热量下爆炸的不规则性质很感兴趣，他开始寻找一
种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。A. deadly致命的；B. bitter苦涩的；C. usable可用的；D. mild
温和的。根据下文的“in1867, the age of 34, Nobel invented dynamite (炸药), which is much easier and safer to
control than nitroglycerin.”可知，诺贝尔想发明一种可使用的炸药。故选C。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，1867年，34岁的诺贝尔发明了比硝化甘油更易控制、更
安全的炸药。A. innovations 创新；B. efforts 努力；C. hesitation 犹豫；D. association 协会。根据上文
“Nobel started to find a way to control it and make a ___3___ explosive (爆炸物).”可知，诺贝尔是开始寻找一
种方法来控制它，并制造一种可用的炸药。所以他是在为制造炸药而努力。故选B。
18．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他通过 355项发明积累了财富，其中炸药是最重要的。A. brought up
抚养长大；B. put up张贴、提供食宿；C. broke up结束、关系破裂；D. built up建立、积累。根据空后的
“his wealth”可知，空处指的是积累财富。故选D。
19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：1888年阿尔弗雷德的弟弟路德维希去世时，一家法国报纸错误地刊登了阿
尔弗雷德的讣告。A. mistakenly错误地；B. purposefully故意地；C. unintentionally无意地；D. scientifically
科学地。根据上文“When Alfred ’s brother Ludwig died in 1888”可知，是诺贝尔的弟弟过世而不是诺贝尔
过世，所以报纸是刊登错了。故选A。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读着自己的讣告，诺贝尔对自己的公众形象感到失望。A. satisfied满意
的；B. relieved 宽慰的；C. impressed 有印象的；D. disappointed 失望的。通过下文“Then newspaper
strongly ___8___ Nobel for inventing dynamite, giving him the nickname of “the merchant of death” and saying
“Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became ___9___ by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died
yesterday.””可知，媒体对诺贝尔的评价很糟糕，所以诺贝尔读着自己的讣告时，是感到失望。故选D。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时的报纸对发明炸药的诺贝尔进行了强烈的谴责，称他为“死亡商人”，
并说:“通过寻找比以往更快地杀死更多人的方法致富的阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔博士昨天去世了。”A. praised表
扬；B. blamed责备；C. appreciated欣赏、感激；D. favoured偏爱。根据下文“giving him the nickname of
“the merchant of death””可知，报纸是谴责诺贝尔的发明。故选B。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时的报纸对发明炸药的诺贝尔进行了强烈的谴责，称他为“死亡商
人”，并说:“通过寻找比以往更快地杀死更多人的方法致富的阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔博士昨天去世了。”A.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂greedy贪婪的；B. essential必要的；C. rich富裕的；D. sufficient充分的。根据上文“He ___5___ his wealth
from his 355 inventions, among which dynamite was the most important.”可知，诺贝尔通过发明炸药而变得富
有。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对阿尔弗雷德来说，这篇讣告是一个警告。A. error错误；B. warning警告；
C. threat威胁；D. consequence结果 。根据下文“He spent his lifetime alone ___11___ things and was deeply
concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，诺贝尔很关心自己的公众形象，所以对他而言这次讣告
是个警告。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一生都在独自发明东西，他非常关心自己将如何被人们记住。A.
destroying破坏；B. inventing发明；C. combining结合；D. stimulating刺激。根据上文“During his lifetime,
Nobel invented and patented various explosives.”可知，他一生都在发明东西。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一不幸事件促使他修改遗嘱。以改善他的公众形象，并因一项美好的事
业而被铭记。A. improve提升；B. establish建立；C. illustrate说明；D. secure安全的。根据上文“He spent
his lifetime alone ___11___ things and was deeply concerned with how he would be remembered.”可知，他很在
意自己的形象，所以当他看到报纸对他的指责时，他想做的是提升自己的公众形象。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1895年，也就是诺贝尔去世的前一年，他立了最后一份遗嘱，明确表示他
的财富将用于设立一系列奖项，奖励那些在物理、化学方面对人类做出重大贡献的人。A. request请求；B.
illustration说明、阐述；C. will意志、遗嘱；D. fortune命运、财富。根据下文“saying clearly that his wealth
would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great ___14___ to mankind in physics,
chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace.”可知，他在去世前一年应该是立了遗嘱。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1895年，也就是诺贝尔去世的前一年，他立了最后一份遗嘱，明确表示他
的财富将用于设立一系列奖项，奖励那些在物理、化学方面对人类做出重大贡献的人。A. choices选择；B.
decisions决定；C. profits利润；D. contributions贡献。根据第一段“The Nobel Prize is considered one of the
most recognizable and admirable awards possible ___1___ people of the world for their outstanding achievements
in different fields.”可知，表彰的是那些有突出贡献的人。故选D。
28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：让众人惊讶的是，阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔博士捐出了他总财富的94%来创
立五项诺贝尔奖。A. gave away赠送、背叛；B. gave back归还；C. gave off散发；D. gave out分发、公布。
根据上文“saying clearly that his wealth would be used to create a series of prizes for those who have made great
___14___ to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace.”可知，诺贝尔捐赠了
大多数财产。故选A。
●语法填空
A
话题人物：科学家——屠呦呦 词数：209 难度：☆☆☆
阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People ’s Republic of China ____29____ (receive) a
Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest ____30____ (disease) in
human history. Thanks ____31____ her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂a greatly increased chance of survival.
Born in 1930，in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine, ____32____ (acquire) a broad knowledge
of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.
In the 1960s many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a
cure for the disease. After hundreds of failed experiments, they ____33____ (eventual) found a promising chemical
named qinghao extract. It worked well in experiments on animals, ____34____ they had to know if it was safe for
humans. To speed ____35____ the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao
extract on ____36____ (they) first.
____37____ efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972, through trial and error, they
successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. More than 40 years after its
discovery, Tu ____38____ (award) a Nobel Prize for her work.
【答案】29．to receive 30．diseases 31．to 32．acquiring 33．eventually 34．but
35．up 36．themselves 37．The 38．was awarded
【文章大意】文章主要讲述了女科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素，为抗击疟疾做出巨大贡献，被授予诺贝尔奖。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦是中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，因其对抗击疟疾，
人类历史上最致命的疾病之一，做出了贡献而获奖。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，被修饰词 female
scientist前有序数词the first修饰，所以空处应用不定式作后置定语。故填to receive。
30．考查名词。句意：屠呦呦是中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，因其对抗击疟疾，人类
历史上最致命的疾病之一，做出了贡献而获奖。“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，所以空处应
用名词的复数形式。故填diseases。
31．考查介词。句意：由于她发现了青蒿素，世界各地的疟疾患者现在的生存机会大大增加。thanks to为
固定短语，表示“多亏，由于”，符合句意。故填to。
32．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠生于1930年，浙江宁波人，学医，精通中西医。分析句子结构，空处作非
谓语动词，acquire与逻辑主语Tu之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填acquiring。
33．考查副词。句意：经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种有希望的化学物质，名为青蒿提取物。
空处修饰动词found，应用副词形式作状语，eventually是副词，表示“最终”。故填eventually。
34．考查连词。句意：它在动物实验中效果很好，但他们必须知道它对人类是否安全。结合语意，句子前
后表示转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故填but。
35．考查固定短语。句意：为了加快这一过程并确保其安全，屠和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿素
提取物。speed up为固定短语，表示“加速”，所以空处应用up。故填up。
36．考查代词。句意：为了加快这一过程并确保其安全，屠和她的团队自愿先在自己身上测试青蒿素提取
物。空处作介词on的宾语，且指的就是主语Tu and her team本身，应用反身代词themselves表示“他们自
己”。故填themselves。
37．考查冠词。句意：屠和她的团队的努力终于有了回报。结合语意，此处特指屠呦呦和她的团队的努力，
空处应用定冠词the，置于句首，首字母大写。故填The。
38．考查时态语态。句意：在它被发现40多年后，屠因其工作获得了诺贝尔奖。根据上文时态可知，句子
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂描述过去发生的情况，应用一般过去时，award与主语Tu之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，
且主语Tu是单数，be动词应用was。故填was awarded。
B
话题人物：科学家——袁隆平 词数：184 难度：☆☆☆
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 22, 2021 was a sad day for the whole nation because Yuan Longping, ____39____ hybrid rice helped
China feed more population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total land, ____40____ (pass) away at the age
of 91.
In the past, it was difficult for Chinese people ____41____ (get) enough food. Yuan was determined to solve
the problem. “China has a large population but ____42____ (limit) arable land(耕地), ____43____ the only way
for us to make sure our national food supply is to increase crop yields,” he said.
Nearly half a century has gone by since Yuan Longping developed ____44____ first strain of hybrid rice
____45____ 1973, and by the end of last year farmers in more than 40 countries had planted more than 7 million
hectares of the crop.
Yuan Longping’s contribution has been ____46____ (wide) recognized. ____47____ (he) death is a great
loss to China and the world, and he will always be remembered by the people all over the world. We should never
forget Yuan Longping, a great scientist ____48____ (serve) the people heart and soul.
【答案】39．whose 40．passed 41．to get 42．limited 43．so 44．the 45．in
46．widely 47．His 48．serving
【文章大意】文章讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平为中国乃至全世界粮食产业所做出的的杰出贡献。
39．考查定语从句。句意：2021 的 5 月 22 日是一个举国悲痛的日子，因为袁隆平去世了，享年 91 岁。
他的杂交水稻帮助中国用不到世界总土地面积 9% 的土地养活了更多的人口。分析句子可知，此处关系代
词引导定语从句，先行词为 Yuan Longping, 在从句中作定语，故填 whose。
40．考查谓语动词的时态。句意：2021 的 5 月 22 日是一个举国悲痛的日子，因为袁隆平去世了，享年
91 岁。他的杂交水稻帮助中国用不到世界总土地面积 9% 的土地养活了更多的人口。分析句子结构，可
知句子主语为 Yuan Longping，谓语动词为 passed away。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，谓
语动词用一般过去时，故填 passed。
41．考查动词不定式。句意：过去，中国人民很难获得足够的食物。分析句子可知，此处用 it 作形式主
语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填 to get。
42．考查形容词。句意：中国人口众多，但耕地有限，所以我们确保国家粮食供应的唯一途径是提高作物
产量。分析句子可知，此处用形容词 limited 表示“有限的”作定语修饰名词 arable land，故填 limited。
43．考查连词。句意：中国人口众多，但耕地有限，所以我们确保国家粮食供应的唯一途径是提高作物产
量。根据语境，空格前后两个句子的逻辑关系应为因果关系，应该用so表示结果状语。故填so。
44．考查冠词。句意：自1973年袁隆平培育出第一株杂交水稻以来，近半个世纪过去了。在序数词 first
前应该用定冠词the。故填the。
45．考查介词。句意：同上。表示年份用介词 in。故填in。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂46．考查副词。句意：袁隆平的贡献得到了广泛认可。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰动词
recognized, 故填widely。
47．考查人称代词。句意：他的死对中国和世界都是一个巨大的损失，他将永远被全世界的人民铭记。分
析句子结构，设空处应该使用形容词性物主代词修饰death，该单词置于句首。注意句子开头首字母大写。
故填 His。
48．考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：我们永远不能忘记袁隆平，一位全心全意为人民服务的伟大科学家。
分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，其逻辑主语 scientist 与 serve 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词
作定语，故填 serving。
●读后续写
话题人物：小提琴家——Yehudi Menuhi 词数：291 难度：☆☆☆☆☆
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The eleven-year-old had just arrived in famous Carnegie Hall. He was to appear as a violin performer with the
New York Symphony Orchestra. On his way from the stage entrance to the artists ’ room, he saw a large fire ax
(斧子) on a wall. “What’s that for?” he asked a guard.
“To cut the heads off the performers who don’t play well,” was the reply.
“And how many heads have you already cut off?”
“Oh, quite a few,” said the guard, with a friendly smile.
Some in the audience that night, especially the music critics, expected the boy’s head to roll. He was to play a
difficult violin piece by Beethoven. Critics felt that this great piece should be attempted only by a mature artist. For
a child, the complicated fingering would be impossible, they added.
It was November 25, 1927. That night Carnegie Hall was packed. All eyes in the audience watched for Yehudi
Menuhin, the eleven-year-old violin performer, to appear on the stage. News of his talent had already excited the
public imagination. There was an outburst of applause when he came out in his white silk shirt and black pants.
In a businesslike manner, Yehudi took his place near the conductor and handed his violin to the first violinist to
be tuned. There was a breathless silence in the hall. When the kettledrum (定音鼓) announced the opening of the
music, Yehudi stood calmly, so absorbed in the music that some people feared he would not come in on time. But,
with only seconds to spare, he adjusted his violin and raised his bow. At the great singing tone that filled the hall,
there was a slight excitement, and then a silence.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Listeners were impressed by his pure tone, expert fingering and wonderful skill.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Even the newspaper critics stayed on to applaud Yehudi.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Listeners were impressed by his purr tone, expert fingering and wonderful skill. A burst of applause almost
stopped the concert. But Yehudi played on, bringing everyone’s attention back to Beethoven’s great music. At the
end of the music, people shouted and yelled, many with tears in their eyes. The men in the orchestra rose and joined
in the noise. At this point Yehudi looked like the young boy he was. Catching sight of his teacher Persinger, he
dragged him onto the stage, pointing at him and clapping his own hands. Still the applause went on.
Even the newspaper critics stayed on to applaud Yehudi. He had to appear on stage in his coat, cap in hand,
before at last the audience let him go home. The next morning, music critic Olin Downes wrote in The New York
Times: “I had come to the hall convinced that a child could not play the violin more effectively than a trained seal. I
left knowing that there is such a thing as a great artist who begins at an early age.” Time, and Yehudi Menuhin,
have proved the critic right.
【文章大意】所给文章讲述1927年11月25日晚上，11岁的小提琴家Yehudi Menuhin将要在卡内基音乐厅
演出，他将以小提琴演奏家的身份出现在纽约交响乐团，演奏一首贝多芬的小提琴曲，观众们因为年龄的
缘故，对他的能力深表怀疑，他的演奏一开始，大厅里先是一阵轻微的兴奋，然后是一片寂静。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听众对他的咕噜声、熟练的指法和高超的技巧印象深刻。”可知，第一段可描写
Yehudi整个演奏过程中的震撼以及观众们的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“就连报纸评论家也继续为 Yehudi鼓掌。”可知，第二段可描写报纸评论家和音乐评
论家对Yehudi演奏的欣赏和赞美。
2.续写线索：高超的演奏——征服观众——喝彩和掌声——掌声持续不断——评论家的赞美——感悟
●开放性作文
话题：一位你最敬佩的人物 难度：☆☆☆☆
从古到今，在中国有很多伟大且值得敬佩的人物，请以The Person I Admire Most为题，写一篇短文介
绍一位你最敬佩的人，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.敬佩他/她的理由（至少两点）；3.你受到的启发。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Person I Admire Most
As is known to us, there are lots of great people in China.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
As is known to us, there are lots of great people in China. For me, Yuan Longping is the person I admire most.
Yuan Longping, father of hybrid rice, is one of Chinese great scientists. He made great achievements during
his lifetime, improving the yield of hybrid rice and feeding millions of people all over the world. Besides, he was
strong-minded and continued setting higher goals instead of stopping trying, which leaves me a deep impression.
Although he passed away last year, his spirit still inspires me all the time. I will study hard and never give up
my dream. In the future, I would like to be a useful person to make a great contribution to society.
培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵
语法填空
（2020·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___1___ (touch) down last week in
the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___2___ (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot ___3___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of
particular ___4___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so ___5___ the
familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___6___ (find) and study
areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown
University, says, ＂because it ___7___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
___8___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___9___ ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether ____10____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案及详解】
1．考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南
极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的
副词形式，故填extremely。
3．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个
点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行
词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂4．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词 particular可知，空处应填名词，
interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
5．考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级 more so可知，此处填介
词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此
处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：
“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，
此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语 construct与
主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语 the moon
是单数，故填is constructed。
9．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来
月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
10．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
读后续写
（2022·全国·高考真题）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the
small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was
small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t
with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids
from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let
him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After
making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking
from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his
classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were
doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.
It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run
long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with
the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one
can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’
thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most
important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me
tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-
country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone
else’s.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the
runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on
running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t
take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track,
cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s
joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It
was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally.
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”和第二段首句内容”我看着大卫和其他选
手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最
终决定参加比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，
虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。
2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛
阅读理解第一篇
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂主题语境：人与自我 难易度：☆☆☆ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
（2020新高考1卷，B篇）
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a
nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and
became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from
the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college,
working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After
graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her
career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau
Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year
degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received
great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,
and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my
heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her
children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation
graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
1. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
2. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
3. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
4. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
【词汇积累】
1. willpower n.意志力，毅力
2. typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂3. pursue v.追求，致力于
4. pay her tuition付学费
5. sacrifice牺牲
6. achieve her goal 实现目标
7. inspiration 灵感
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的
努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的
三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段的 After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her
tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地
的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自
己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完
了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的 She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in
Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be
home in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，
因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer
选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。
A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and
missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起
的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得
到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，
Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到
了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到
回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
阅读理解第二篇
主题语境：人与自我 难易度：☆☆☆ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
（2019北京卷，B篇）
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet
treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar.
However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing
out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's
good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if
she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists
about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to
get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth
cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which
can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father
secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-
Cancandy.
As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is
enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She
hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although
she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her
unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles.
With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
【词汇积累】
1. set up 建立，创立
2. invention n．发明
3. instead of 代替；而不是
4. destroy v．毁灭
5. offer v．提供
6. miss out 错失
7. trial n．试验
8. oral bacteria 口腔细菌
9. primarily adv．主要地；根本地
10. profit n．利润
1. How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂2. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health. B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies. D. It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.
3. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.
4. What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C
【语篇解读】本文体裁为记叙文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为创新与创业意识。Alice是一个青
少年创业者，她用她独有的智慧帮助了其他爱吃糖果的孩子并成就了自己的事业。本文侧重培养学生的思
维品质。
1.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为：对于她爸爸的警告，Moore是如何回应的？根据题干中的关键词dad’s
warning 可以锁定答案在第二段。根据第二段第五句 So she desired to get round the warning, “Why
can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it？”可知，
Moore希望找到解决办法，因此答案为B项（她试图找到出路）。A：她与他争论；C：她没有给予关注；
D：她选择咨询牙医。
2.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为：CanCandy有什么特别之处？根据文章第三段第一句 With her dad’s
permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was
both tasty and tooth-friendly.可知答案为A项（它对牙齿健康有益处）。B：它没有甜味剂；C：它比其他
糖果都甜；D：它是按照牙医处方做的。
3.B 细节理解题。本题题干意为：Moore对她的事业有什么期待？根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句 She
hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.可知，答案为B项（帮助其他人找到笑
容）。A：赚更多的钱；C：让她自己脱颖而出；D：打败其他糖果公司。
4.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们从Alice Moore的故事当中能够学到什么？Alice的初衷是为了让更
多喜欢糖果的小孩既能享用糖果又能使牙齿健康，有了积极的想法并积极地去行动，最终她的事业获得了
成功，因此本题选C项（积极的想法和行动成就了成功）。
阅读理解第二篇
主题语境：人与自我 难易度：☆☆☆ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
（2018全国卷III，C篇）
While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new
CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great
efforts to take the center stage.
Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first
Chinese citizen to win this award.
Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located
at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus
are his original creations.
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed
by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match
the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use
traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention
thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).
Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.
Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the
1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. "That is only evidence that traditions
once existed," he said.
"Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the
past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,” he said.
"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese
traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,” said Wang.
The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be
artificial and empty, he said.
1. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.
A. following the latest world trend
B. getting international recognition
C. working harder than ever before
D. relying on foreign architects
2. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?
A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size.
C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.
3. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?
A. The mixture of different shapes.
B. The balance of East and West.
C. The use of popular techniques.
D. The harmony of old and new.
4. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?
A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.
【答案】BCDD
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑
文化，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖，这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。
1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的
诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知，它的设计风格独特，与大多数中国大学的校
园很不同，许多游客对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊，故C正确。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tadao Ando的评语可知，王澍设计的成功之
处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been
developing and that are still being created可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就
会是人工的和空的，故D正确。
【词汇积累】
1. abandon v.放弃
2. elements 元素
3. a good knowledge of 掌握……的知识
4. architecture n.建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学
5. recreation n.娱乐（活动），消遣（活动）
6. artificial adj.人造的，人工的
书面表达
2020年全国Ⅰ卷
你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.人物简介；2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。
【参考范文】 The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. As for me, the person I respect most is my mother.
Born and raised in a small city, my mother is a doctor who loves her work and her patients very much. When the
epidemic started to spread from Wuhan, she canceled her holiday and returned to work in hospital. From day to
night, she worked very hard, achieved a lot in her work, and respected by her colleague and patients. After work,
she would also spare some time to accompany me and share many positive things about her work. When faced with
the problems of learning, I sometimes were encouraged to overcome the difficulties wisely and bravely. So, in my
mind, her dignity and devotion makes me how respectable a woman she is.
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