文档内容
Unit 1 People of Achievement
Part 2 Learning about Language话题作文：一位你最敬佩的人物
从古到今，在中国有很多伟大且值得敬佩的人物，请以The Person I Admire Most为题，写一篇短文介
绍一位你最敬佩的人，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.敬佩他/她的理由（至少两点）；3.你受到的启发。
【参考范文】
As is known to us, there are lots of great people in China. For me, Yuan Longping is the person I admire most.
Yuan Longping, father of hybrid rice, is one of Chinese great scientists. He made great achievements during his
lifetime, improving the yield of hybrid rice and feeding millions of people all over the world. Besides, he was strong-
minded and continued setting higher goals instead of stopping trying, which leaves me a deep impression.
Although he passed away last year, his spirit still inspires me all the time. I will study hard and never give up
my dream. In the future, I would like to be a useful person to make a great contribution to society.
培优第一阶——基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1．He drew a ________(结论) after many experiments and found out the cause for the disease.
【答案】conclusion
2．A man was shot twice as he ________(逃跑)from five masked youths.
【答案】fled
3．His first ________ (小说) has received good reviews since it came out last month.
【答案】novel
4．According to rules of our school, teachers are supposed to make a ________(总结) of their teaching every day.
【答案】summary/conclusion
5．As a n______ (小说家), I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.
【答案】novelist
6．When the phone rings, whatever the c_________ (情况), everything stops so that the call can be answered.
【答案】circumstances
II. 短语填空
keep track of；keep in touch；insist on；prevent…from…；in addition；in the absence of；acknowledge
as；provide…with；lead to；under no circumstances；wear and tear；draw a conclusion；distinct from；in
this sense
1．If you__________ leaving now, please go ahead.
2．Over the years I've__________ that she's a very great musician.
3．Albert Einstein is__________ the greatest scientists in modern physics.
4．In Afghanistan, where it is__________ Iraq, you can be treated distinctly at your first visiting.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂5．Too much work and too little rest often__________ illness.
6．He__________ his business by telephone when he was in hospital.
7．She is on a diet. __________, she pursues various exercise on TV.
8．On the other hand, new technology has__________ people everywhere__________ many benefits over the
years.
9．The Internet has made it possible for friends and family to__________ easily.
10．Many people still live happily__________ new technology.
11．__________should you approach the man who lacks a sense of responsibility.
12．The living-room carpet has to stand up to__________ of two dogs and three children.
【答案】1．insist on 2．drew a conclusion 3．acknowledged as 4．distinct from 5．leads to 6．kept
track of 7．In addition 8． provided with 9．keep in touch 10．in the absence of 11．Under no
circumstances 12．wear and tear
III. 单句语法填空
1．The way in _____(that/which) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他向我们解释这个句子的方式并不难理解。分析句子结构可知，he
explained the sentence to us是定语从句，先行词为The way，在从句中作状语，又因为设空处前为介词in，
所以设空处为which。故填which。
2．A terrible earthquake happened in that district at the end of 2004, ________ many people all over the world visited
there.
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：2004年底，当世界各地的许多人参观那里时，那个地区发生了一场可怕的
地震。在非限制性定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为“the end of 2004”作时间状语，所以应
用关系副词when。故填when。
3．The man hid himself behind a post, from ________ he carefully watched a tall building across the street.
【答案】where
【详解】考查关系副词。句意：那个人躲在一根柱子后面，仔细地观察着街对面的一栋高楼。分析句子可
知，post是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语。故填where。
4．Bill set up a club for football fans, _______which he invited all his friends.
【答案】to
【详解】考查介词。句意：比尔成立了一个球迷俱乐部，邀请了他所有的朋友参加。分析句子可知，“
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂which he invited all his friends”作定语修饰先行词club，which指代the club，根据句意，用invite sb. to +地点
“邀请某人去某处”，故which作介词to的宾语，故填to。
5．Mr Zhang has two daughters, both of ________ are famous doctors.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：张先生有两个女儿，她们都是著名的医生。分析句子可知，此处为“介词
+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面的先行词two daughters，先行词指人，先行词在从句中作介
词of后的宾语成分，用关系代词whom。故填whom。
6．Others argue that there is no ______ (conclusion) evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used
to be.
【答案】conclusive
【详解】考查形容词。句意：其他人则认为，没有确凿的证据表明现代气温比过去更高。分析句子可知，
“evidence”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，作定语，“conclusion”意为“结论”，名词词性，对应的形容
词为“conclusive”，意为“确凿的”。故填conclusive。
7．Tom will build a new school, ________ excites everyone in the town.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆将建一所新学校，这使镇上的每个人都很兴奋。分析句子可知，空格
处应填入非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词为整个主句，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填
which。
8．（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove
that she has brains as well as beauty.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：但莎拉和顶级模特一起参加了演出，她想证明自己既聪明又漂亮。先行词
是Sarah，指人，在从句中作主语，因此非限制性定语从句的关系代词应使用who。故填who。
9．The result was not the same as they had expected, ________ was rather disappointing.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：结果与他们当初预料的不一样，这让人觉得很失望。这里用 which引导非
限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代空前的整句内容并在从句中作主语。故填which。
10．Recently I bought an ancient vase, the price of ________ was very reasonable.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近我买了一个古老的花瓶，价格很合理。分析句子结构可知，空格处所
在句子为定语从句，先行词an ancient vase在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，指物，应该用which来引导。故
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂填which。
11．In their class there are altogether 54 students, half of ________ wear glasses.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们班共有54名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非
限制性定语从句，先行词是students，介词后指代人用宾格whom。故填whom。
12．After running a restaurant for several years, he retired at the age of 65 and received his first social security check,
________ was for $105, as his only income.
【答案】which
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经营了几年餐馆后，他在65岁时退休了，第一次领到了105美元的社保金，这是他
唯一的收入。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 social security check，在定语从
句中作主语，指物，应该用which引导该从句。故填which。
13．Gold was discovered near San Francisco in 1848, ________started a gold rush.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1848年人们在旧金山附近发现了黄金，这引发了一场淘金热。空处引导非
限制性定语从句，先行词是空前的整个句子，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which来引导，故填
which。
IV. 翻译句子
1．我经常在业余时间和一些英语网友聊天，这对我的英语口语很有帮助。(contribute to, which的非限制性
定语从句) （汉译英）
【答案】I often chat with some English net friends in my spare time, which contribute to my spoken English.
2．这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达 50 平方公里，统一规划，布局有序，建筑宏伟。(cover)
（汉译英）
【答案】This historic site, which was discovered half a century ago, covers an area of 50 square kilometers, with
unified planning, order layout and magnificent architecture.
3．露西因为缺乏舞台经验，在乐队选拔中失败了。（lack；try out for）（汉译英）
【答案】Lucy failed in trying out for a band for lack of stage experience.
Because Lucy lacked stage experience, she failed in trying out for a band.
Lucy lacked stage experience, which resulted in her failure in trying out for a band.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Lacking stage experience/Lack of stage experience resulted in Lucy’s failure in trying out for a band.
Lacking in stage experience, Lucy failed in trying out for a band.
4．虽然这个问题很复杂，但他克服种种困难，竭尽全力去理清线索，最终找到了问题的症结所在，这让
他赢得了同事们的一致认可。（as）（汉译英）
【答案】Complicated as the problem was, he finally found out the crux of it after conquering the difficulties and
doing his best to sort out the clues, which made him win recognition from all his colleagues.
5．因其自身才华和艺术成就，一向致力于为受歧视群体发声的Taylor Swift被授予了荣誉学位，可谓实至
名归。(couple, commit)(汉译英)
【答案】Because of his talent coupled with artistic achievements, Taylor Swift, who has always been committed to
speaking for the discriminated groups, was awarded an honorary degree, which is well deserved.
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
阅读理解
话题人物：科学家——Richard Phillips Feynman
Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view. Such
was Richard Phillips Feynman, a role model change maker. Born in 1918, he began showing some unusual
qualities.
The first sign of Feynman’s unique qualities was that he hadn’t yet spoken by age three. But young Feynman
showed a talent for math and engineering. He enjoyed repairing household objects, and built a simple laboratory in
his room. By the time he was in high school, he was experimenting things which were only taught to college
students.
After Richard Feynman graduated from high school in 1939, he studied at the MIT. Despite the fact that his
grades in science and math were “the best that we’ve seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his
very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion. Finally, he was accepted and continued to study physics at
Princeton where he got his PhD．His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time, including Albert Einstein.
At Princeton, Feynman began his most famous work: his work on nuclear weapons. He moved to a lab and not
all of his work there has been released to the public, but we know he performed experiments related to uranium. After
the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize
for his work in particle physics.
Then, in 1978, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later. Though Feynman and his work are honored by
physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique. Faced with all the
challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.
5. What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text?
A．Young Feynman showed his talent in every field.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂B．Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended.
C．Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot.
D．Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60.
6. Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton?
A．Because he was a Jewish.
B．Because he graduated from the MIT.
C．Because he was very gifted in math and science.
D．Because his lecture attracted many great scientists.
7. Which words can best describe Richard Feynman?
A．Selfless and friendly. B．Talented and stubborn.
C．Intelligent and devoted. D．Strong-willed and humorous.
8. What may be the best title of the text?
A．Richard Feynman’s Unusual Qualities B．Richard Feynman — A Respected Scientist
C．A Touching Story About Richard Feynman D．The Influence of Richard Feynman
【答案】BCCB
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家Richard Phillips Feynman，介绍了他的个人经历以及取
得的成就。
5.细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his
studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.(战后，费曼在康奈尔大学任教，
继续他的学业。他还因在粒子物理学方面的工作而获得诺贝尔奖)”可知，费曼是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。
6.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we ’ve
seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.
(尽管他在科学和数学方面的成绩是“我们见过的最好的”，但根据普林斯顿大学的说法，他几乎被拒绝，
因为他在写作方面的成绩很差，以及他的犹太信仰)”可知，费曼被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方
面很有天赋。
7.推理判断题。根据第二段中“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.(但年轻的费曼在
数学和工程方面表现出了天赋)”以及第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the
best that we ’ve seen,” according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and
his Jewish religion.(尽管他在科学和数学方面的成绩是“我们见过的最好的”，但根据普林斯顿大学的说法，
他几乎被拒绝，因为他在写作方面的成绩很差，以及他的犹太信仰)”可知，他很聪明；结合第四、五段可
看出费曼从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知，Richard Feynman聪明
且专注。
8.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Then, in 1978, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later. Though Feynman
and his work are honored by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him
unique. Faced with all the challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died.(1978 年，
费曼罹患癌症，一年后去世。虽然费曼和他的工作受到全世界物理学家的尊敬，但他的个人品质和技能才
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂是真正让他与众不同的。面对所有的挑战，他从未放弃，做着他热爱的工作，直到他去世的那一天)”及下
文陈述可知，作者描述了物理科学家费曼的成长过程以及伟大成就，在最后一段点出费曼的成就举世瞩目，
被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知，B选项“理查德·费曼——一位受人尊敬的科学家”最符合文章标题。
培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵
阅读理解
主题语境：人与自我 难易度：☆☆☆ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：8 min
（2020新高考1卷，B篇）
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing
degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the
first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from
the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college,
working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation,
she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her
career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau
Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree
close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great
support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her
68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my heart
was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
1. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
2. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
3. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂4. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
【词汇积累】
1. willpower n.意志力，毅力
2. typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
3. pursue v.追求，致力于
4. pay her tuition付学费
5. sacrifice牺牲
6. achieve her goal 实现目标
7. inspiration 灵感
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的
努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的
三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段的 After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her
tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地
的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自
己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完
了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的 She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in
Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home
in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，因为她
可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位
于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A. To take
care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and
missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起
的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到
了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，
Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到
回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
语法填空
（2020·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___1___ (touch) down last week in
the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___2___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s
body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a
spot ___3___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular ___4___
(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so ___5___ the familiar near side.
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___6___ (find) and study areas of the South
Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it
___7___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___8___ (construct)”. Data about
the moon’s composition, such as how ___9___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether
____10____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案及详解】
1．考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南
极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的
副词形式，故填extremely。
3．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个
点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词
在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
4．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词 particular可知，空处应填名词，
interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
5．考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级 more so可知，此处填介
词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此
处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：
“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此
处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语 construct与
主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语 the moon
是单数，故填is constructed。
9．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
10．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
