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2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）
Unit 5 Working the land—Period 3 Learning about language
课后练习（解析版）
含本单元语法项练习和语言运用2组
语法运用：用适当的从属连词补全句子。每题1.5分，共计30分。
1. ___________ China got the second place in the Games made the whole nation very excited.
【答案】That
【解析】中国在奥运会上获得了第二名，这让整个国家非常激动。主语从句。
2. ___________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
【答案】Whoever
【解析】最后离开房间的人应该关灯。主语从句，anyone who
3. He still lives in the room___________ window faces to the east.
【答案】whose
【解析】他仍然住在窗户朝东的那个房间。定语从句，先行词和关系词之间存在所属关系，whose
4. ___________ is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the
men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games.
【答案】As
【解析】中国的刘翔成为历史上第一个赢得奥运会男子110米栏冠军的亚洲人,这一点人尽皆知。非
限定性定语从句，指代前面描述的整件事情，置于句首，which需要变成As。
5. He has two sons, both of_______ are college students. He has two sons, and ________ are college
students.
【答案】whom, both(第二个空不是从属连词，为代词，此题的目的是与第一个句子对比，主语 and
的存在）
【解析】他有两个儿子，都是医生。第一个句子中“，”后面没有连词and, 这是一个从句，根据
上下文可以判断为定语从句。第二个句子和句子之间有连词and，and后面的句子也是一个简单句，
缺少一个主语both
6. There are still some countries ___________ people have not enough to feed on.
【答案】where
【解析】仍然有一些国家，人们没有足够的食物吃。定语从句，关系词在定语从句中担任状语，
where
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂7. It is said ___________ he has left for Germany.
【答案】that
【解析】据说他已经去德国了。主语从句。
8. ___________ we will hold the party in the open air depends on the weather.
【答案】Whether
【解析】我们是否在户外举行这个聚会取决于天气。主语从句，根据句义，whether
9. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of ___________ mouth tea is supposed to come.
【答案】whose
【解析】有一个中国鸭子形状的茶壶，茶应该从鸭子嘴中流出来。定语从句，关系词和先行词之间
存在所属关系，whose
10. The old tower must be saved, ___________ it cost.
【答案】whatever
【解析】这座古老的塔务必被挽救，无论花费什么代价。让步状语从句，根据句子，无论什么，
whatever
11. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___________ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming
of.
【答案】what
【解析】经过五个小时的车程，他们到达了他们认为是梦想之地的地方。___________ they thought
was the place they’d been dreaming of. 这个句子在动词 reach 之后作宾语，是宾语从句，
___________ they thought 这个句子在 was 前面，是主语从句，意为他们认为的地方，the place
that=what
12. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ___________ you give us all the necessary
information.
【答案】provided that/as long as
【解析】我们能很快为你完成这个工作，只要你为我们提供必要的信息。条件状语从句。只要...
13. It was an unforgettable moment for all the citizens this year ___________ in 20 years China’s women’s
volleyball team won the Olympic gold medal again.
【答案】that
【解析】20年后，中国女排再次赢得奥运金牌，这是今年所有中国人难忘的一刻。主语从句，that
14. The parents were worried about their daughter because nobody was aware of ___________ she had
gone.
【答案】where
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【解析】父母担心他们的女儿，因为没有人知道她去了哪里。宾语从句，根据句义可知为where
15. The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things___________ to teach you the
art of learning.
【答案】as
【解析】学校教育的巨大用途与其说是教你东西，不如说是教你学习的艺术。比较状语从句, not
so...as
16. No sooner had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre___________ the curtain went up.
【答案】than
【解析】他们刚在剧院的座位上坐下，幕布就拉了起来。时间状语从句，no sooner .....than
17. It was the belief ___________ Alex Haley could find his “root” in Africa ___________ made him
decide to go to Gambia.
【答案】that, that
【解析】正是因为相信Alex Haley能够在非洲找到自己的“根”，他才决定去冈比亚。第一个空为
同位语从句，进一步说明belief的内容，第二个空为强调句，it is/was.....that....
18. Word came from Mr. Smith ___________ he could arrive on the following Saturday.
【答案】that
【解析】消息传来，Smith先生可能下周六到。同位语从句，进一步说明word的内容。
19. ___________ he passed the examination or not was of little importance.
【答案】Whether
【解析】他是否通过了考试并不重要。主语从句。
20. An idea occurred to me ___________ I might turn to my English teacher for help.
【答案】that
【解析】我突然想到一个主意：我也许可以向英语老师寻求帮助。同位语从句，进一步说明 idea的
内容。
语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)。
Ten years ago, I set out to examine luck. I wanted to know why some people are 1 in the right
place at the right time, while others consistently experienced ill fortune. I placed notices in national
newspapers asking for people who felt consistently lucky or unlucky to 2 me.
Hundreds of extraordinary men and women volunteered for my 3 . Over the years I interviewed
them, watched their lives and had them 4 various experiments.
I carried out a simple 5 to discover whether their differences in luck was due to differences in
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂their ability to 6 opportunities. I gave both the lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, and asked them
to look 7 it and tell me how many photographs were inside. I had secretly placed a large message
halfway through the newspaper saying … “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $50.”
This 8 took up half of the page and was written in type that was more than two inches high. It
was staring everyone straight in the face, but the unlucky people tended to 9 it and the lucky people
tended to spot it.
Unlucky people are generally more 10 than lucky people, and this anxiety affects their ability to
notice the unexpected. As a result, they miss opportunities because they are too focused on looking for
something else. They go to gatherings focused on finding their perfect partner and miss opportunities to
make good friends. They look through newspapers 11 to find certain types of job advertisements and
miss other types of 12 .
Lucky people are more 13 and open, and therefore see what is there rather than just what they are
looking for. My research eventually showed that lucky people create good fortune via four 14 . They
are skilled at creating and 15 chance opportunities, make lucky decisions by listening to their intuition
(直觉), create self-fulfilling prophesies (预言) via positive expectations and adopt a “never say die”
attitude that transforms bad luck into good.
1. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom
2. A. contact B. trust C. show D. follow
3. A. game B. adventure C. research D. contest
4. A. participate in B. learn about C. look into D. carry out
5. A. observation B. experiment C. competition D. discussion
6. A. share B. spot C. create D. predict
7. A. through B. over C. for D. after
8. A. copy B. message C. diagram D. introduction
9. A. pass B. miss C. notice D. misunderstand
10. A. nervous B. furious C. awkward D. pitiful
11. A. confident B. disappointed C. determined D. surprised
12. A. jobs B. notes C. news D. signs
13. A. reliable B. hardworking C. smart D. relaxed
14. A. goals B. preferences C. principles D. steps
15. A. inventing B. noticing C. taking D. adopting
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【答案】1-5BACAB 6-10BABBA 11-15CADCB
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者探讨的是为什么有些人总能出现在正确的时间和地点，从
而获得成功，而有些人则一贯遭受厄运。作者通过实验研究得出结论：总能获得成功的人心态更放
松，更轻松，从而对周围事物的关注更广泛，更容易发现机会。而运气不佳的人总是比较紧张，经
历过于专注于某个特定的目标而忽略了其他的机会。
1. B 。我想知道为什么有人总会出现在合适的时间和地点，运气好的人是指一直很走运的人，偶
尔一次走运并不能说明一个人运气好，后文也有提示词consistently一贯地，所以此处为always
2. A 。我在报纸上登了通知，让那些感觉自己一直走运或一直不走运的人联系我。contact
3. C 。数以百计的人自愿来参加我的研究，文章最后一段与首段呼应，My research eventually
showed that lucky people create good fortune，所以此处选项为C，research
4. A 。这里叙述的是研究的过程，我采访他们，观察他们的生活，让他们参加各种实验。
participate in参加 learn about了解 look into 调查carry out实施，这些志愿者是参加各种实验，并非
实验的实施者，所以只有A选项正确。
5. B 。根据前文提示and had them 4 various experiments.所以选项为B
6. B 。由于他们识别机会的能力不同，此空后面有提示，the lucky people tended to spot it.所以答案
为B
7. A 。我让他们浏览一份报纸，后面提示They look through newspapers ，所以选项为A。
8. B 。这个消息占了整页的一半，前面提示：I had secretly placed a large message halfway through
the newspaper，所以选项为B。
9. B 。不走运的人往往会错过，后面有提示：They go to gatherings focused on finding their perfect
partner and miss opportunities to make good friends.所以选项为B。
10. A 。不走运的人总是感到很紧张， 后面的句子中 are generally more 10 than lucky people,
and this anxiety affects their ability ，与anxiety意思相近的词只能是A，nervous
11. C 。他们一心一意要找到某种工作广告，而忽略了其他种类的工作。此处只有C选项合适。
12. A 。解释同上。
13. D 。而好运的人总是很放松，这是和前面不走运的人进行对比，nervous与relaxed，两种完全
相反的态度。所以答案为D。
14. C 。幸运的人通过四个原则创造好运：他们善于创造和注意机会；通过听从直觉做出幸运的决
定；创造自我实现的预言；通过积极的期望，采取“永不言败”的态度，将坏运气转化为好运气。
以上四件事不分前后顺序，所以steps步骤一次不合适，goals目标和preferences偏好显然更不合适，
所以选项为principles 。
15. B 。解释同上
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
January 20th is the Martin Luther King, Jr Day. It’s named after 16. _______ American Baptist
minister and civil rights leader who was actually born on January 15th, 1929. 17. _______ for more than
three decades, the federal holiday that honors his 18. _________ (accomplish) has been celebrated on the
third Monday in January. Public events, marches and speeches by civil rights leaders and politicians are all
part of 19. _______. The US government also recognizes Martin Luther King, Jr Day 20. _______ a day of
service. It’s said to be a day on, not a day off, and the goal of that is 21. _________ (encourage) Americans
to volunteer and improve their communities.
Dr King himself was the leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association, named after the city of
Montgomery, Alabama, 22. _______ is now known as the birthplace of the US Civil Rights Movement in
the 1950s. King had a reputation for being an eloquent speaker. He felt 23. _________ (strong) that
peaceful events, like marches, were the best methods of 24. _________ (achieve) civil rights for African
Americans. King’s influence grew when he founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957,
and in 1963 he led the march in Washington, where he delivered his famous, “I Have a Dream” speech. The
next year Dr King 25. __________ (award) the Nobel Peace Prize.
【答案】16. the 17. But 18. accomplishments 19. it 20. as
21. to encourage 22. which 23. strongly 24. achieving 25. was awarded
语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)。
Ecotourism is a combination of ecology (the study of systems of living things) and tourism. It is
1 "responsible travel to natural areas that preserves the environment and improves the welfare of the
local people" by the International Ecotourism Society. Actually, ecotourism can mean travel to far-off
places of great natural beauty, but not always in a（n） 2 way. It's a big business, and the attraction of
money can cause people to think about 3 first. While ecotourism offers benefits to people and
ecosystems, it leaves ecosystems open to negative effects, too.
Costa Rica, once a Spanish colony, and independent since 1821, has an ecotourism industry worth
over one billion dollars yearly, and thousands of jobs have been 4 . Nearly 2l percent of the land is now
protected national parks, 5 thanks to ecotourism. Nevertheless, due to the number of people visiting
the country's natural places, some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.
While 6 can have a negative impact on ecosystems, the same areas might have been 7 by
industries such as farming, logging, or mining if there were no ecotourism industry. Shelters（庇护所）
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂have been created 8 , keeping the ecosystem protected. And, by visiting beautiful rain forests and
seeing rare animals, visitors get a sense of their 9 , and of gratitude for them. Tour guides can also be
educators who train people to love and care for the environment. Visitors can take these 10 with them
to their home countries.
Unfortunately, while their effect may not be 11 in the off-season, the constant parade of visitors in
the high season can be damaging. At one national park in Costa Rica, wild monkeys now feed on garbage
left by the tourists. 12 , ecotourists tend to seek out places with the rarest animals and plants, 13
the most delicate living things.
It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry, but it is important to be 14 as well.
Ecotourism can never be"pure". We can't expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem. It is also 5 to
suppose that humans won't go anywhere accessible to them. If protection efforts are maintained and
increased, those remaining places of undisturbed nature may be stressed, but they won't be destroyed.
1. A.defined as B.made up of C.applied to D.combined with
2. A.attractive B.natural C.different D.responsible
3. A.effects B.nature C.profits D.economy
4. A.lost B.created C.abandoned D.shifted
5. A.mainly B.comparatively C.unfortunately D.barely
6. A.tourists B.environment C.manufacturers D.politics
7. A.fertilized B.destroyed C.reserved D.stimulated
8. A.equally B.regularly C.instead D.though
9. A.freedom B.hardness C.welfare D.value
10. A.ecosystem B.lessons C.animals D.trainers
11. A.uncertain B.noticeable C.healthy D.special
12. A.For instance B.On the contrary C.In addition D.As a whole
13. A.appreciating B.discovering C.sheltering D.pressuring
14. A.positive B.creative C.effective D.sensitive
15. A.feasible B.reasonable C.unrealistic D.inevitable
【答案】 1-5ADCBA 6-10ABCDB 11-15 BCDAC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文介绍了生态旅游的利与弊。
1. A 。defined as 生态旅游被国际生态旅游协会定义为“负责任的旅游，到自然环境中去，改善当
地人民福利的旅行”。
2. D 。responsible生态旅游可能意味着去遥远的自然美景，但并不总是以负责任的方式。根据下
文，盈利是生态游首先考虑的问题，那么“responsible”就不能得到保证。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂3. C 。profits这是一个大的产业，金钱的吸引力会让人们首先考虑利润。所以答案为C。
4. B 。created哥斯达黎加，曾经是西班牙的殖民地，自1821年独立以来，每年拥有价值超过10
亿美元的生态旅游产业，并创造了数千个工作岗位。创造就业岗位，created
5. A 。mainly这主要归功于生态旅游。尽管如此，由于许多人参观了该国的自然环境，生态系统
已经发生了一些破坏。主要地，mainly
6. A 。tourists虽然游客可能对生态系统产生负面影响，此处指游客，tourists
7. B 。destroyed但如果没有生态旅游产业，农业、伐木或采矿等行业可能会破坏同样的地区。破
坏，destroyed
8. C 。instead人们而是创造了保护区，保护生态系统。此处指人们没有进行伐木采矿等产业，而
是设立的自然保护区。所以答案为C。
9. D 。value通过参观美丽的雨林和珍稀动物，游客们感受到了它们的价值以及对自然的感激之情。
10. B 。lessons 游客可以带着这些学到的知识回到自己的国家。此处指学到的知识，lessons
11. B 。noticeable不幸的是，尽管它们的影响在淡季可能不明显，但旺季游客的不断涌入可能会造
成损害。
12. C 。in addition此外，生态旅游者倾向于寻找有最稀有动植物的地方，给最脆弱的生物带来压
力。
13. D 。pressuring解释同上
14. A 。positive批评生态旅游产业很容易，但保持积极的态度也很重要。生态旅游永远不可能是
“纯粹的”。我们不能指望对生态系统零负面影响。
15. C 。unrealistic设想人类不会去任何他们能到达的地方也是不现实的。如果保护工作得以保持
和加强，那些未受干扰的自然遗迹可能会受到压力，但它们不会被破坏。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you on a diet? Then maybe you should consider 16 (sit) by the window the next time you eat
out. A new book claims that 17 you sit in a restaurant can affect how many you consume.
A New research found that people siting 18 (far) from the front door ate the fewest salads and
were 73 percent more likely 19 (order) dessert.
Those seated at a dark table ate heavier food and ordered more of it 20 diners seated at bright bar
tables ordered more salads and fewer desserts.
21 the researchers, the darker it is, the more invisible you may feel, the 22 (easy) it is to see
how much you' re eating and the less guilty you are when you ate more.
In contrast, seeing the sunlight, people or trees outside might make you more conscious of 23 you
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂look, might make you think about walking or might make you want a green salad.
The researchers also 24 (note) that slim diners chewed around 15 times per mouthful, three chews
more than heavier diners. By eating more slowly, the diner consumes less in the time 25 takes for the
brain to register satisfaction.
【答案】16.siting 17.where 18.farthest 19.to order 20.while
21.According to 22.less easy 23.how 24.noted 25.it
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