文档内容
Section Ⅱ Listening and Speaking &Reading
and Thinking——Language Points
1．congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪→congratulation
n．祝贺；恭喜
2．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj宗教的；笃信宗教的
3．joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj 高兴的；快乐的
4．agriculture n．农业；农艺→agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产)
5．decorate vt.装饰；装潢→decoration n．装饰；装潢
6．significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的→significance n．意义；重要性；
意思
7．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的→typically adv.典型地；有代表
性地；平常地
8．commercial adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的→commercialise vt.使商业化；
利用……牟利→commercialisation n．商业化
9．belief n．信仰；信心；信任→believe vt.相信
10．occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会→occasional adj.
偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶尔；间或
1．march vt.使前进，使行军 vi.行进；前进；示威游行；进行 n．行进；
行军；示威游行；进行曲；三月
①At the end of the march，I was very tired.行军
②In our country，spring lasts from March to May.三月
③About 5，000 people marched through the city to fight against the war.示威
游行
④We marched 50 km across the foothills. 进行 ， 行军
⑤Mr Carter marched us into the principal's office.使某人前进
2．figure n．人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定；计算；象征 vi.计算；出
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂现；扮演角色
①How do you figure he can live without me.认为
②He is the figure of authority that we have to deal with.人物
③I'm sure that our figure is correct and exact.数字
④She's always had a good figure.身材
⑤I hadn't figured on getting home so late.计算、算到
⑥I can't figure out how to do this.弄懂
Words And Phrases
知识要点1 congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜
(教材P )receive congratulations from...
2
收到来自……的祝贺
[例1] I want to express my sincere congratulations on your success.
我想对你的成功表示诚挚的祝贺。
[例2] We offered our congratulations to the winners.
我们向获胜者祝贺。
[造句] 祝贺你在学习汉语方面取得大的进步。
Congratulations on your making great progress in learning Chinese.
[知识拓展]
(1)congratulation n． 祝贺；恭喜
congratulations to sb.on sth. 祝贺某人某事
Congratulations! 恭喜你！
(2)congratulate sb.on 就……向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on(doing) sth.
感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She congratulated(congratulate) me warmly on my exam results in the NMET
last week.
②You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.
③—I have passed the English test，though my mark is only C.
—Congratulations(congratulate)．And I believe you can do it better next time.
知识要点2 after all毕竟；别忘了
(教材P )After all，as you know，I love to dance!
3
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂正如你所知，毕竟，我爱舞蹈。
[例1] Think of it，after all，we have to pay.
想想啊，毕竟我们曾经都付出了。
[例2] After all，I'm your best friend.
别忘了，我是你最好的朋友。
[造句] 你应该对这些学生们宽容一点。毕竟他们还都是孩子。
You should be easy on these students.After all ， they are kids .
[知识拓展]
above all 最重要的是；尤其是
all in all 整体说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
first of all 首先
[明辨异同]
above all/after all/first of all/in all
above all 意为“最重要的是；尤其是”，强调事物的重要性。
after all 毕竟；究竟，导出原因，通常放在句首。
first of all 意为“首先”，强调事物的排列顺序。
in all 意为“总共；总计”。
[即学即练] 用all的相关短语填空
① First of all (首先)，let them introduce themselves to us.
②He has done it well. After all (毕竟)，he is only a learner.
③ I'd like to buy a house first of all(首先) modern，comfortable，and above
all(尤其是)in a quiet neighborhood.
④ All in all (总而言之)，every road leads to Rome，and I do believe hard work
pays off.
知识要点 3(教材 P )They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons
4
of the year，religions，famous figures and important events.
它们有各种各样的起源，例如一年中的各个季节，各种宗教，著名人物和
一些重大事件等。
(1)range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列
[例1] She has a wide range of interests.
她有广泛的兴趣爱好。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂[例2] Hiring and firing are both within the range of his responsibilities.
招聘和解雇员工都在他的职责范围内。
[造句] 她做过许多不同的工作，从清洁工到公交司机都做过。
She has had a number of different jobs ， ranging from cleaner to bus driver .
[知识拓展]
(1)a full/wide range of 各种各样的……；范围广泛的；
一套；一系列
in/within range(of...) 在(……)可及的范围内
beyond/out of range(of...) 超出(……的)范围
(2)range from A to B 在A到B范围内变动
range between A and B 在A和B范围之间变动
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
① (2017· 北 京 卷 )The national park has a large collection of wildlife ，
ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
②When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed within/in
the range of speedlimiting.
[小片段助记]
There are a wide range of animals in the zoo，ranging from cats to tigers.The
tigers can range between the two rooms but can't move beyond/out of the fence of
the house.
(2)figure n．画像；雕像；人物；身材；体形；数字；图表；插图 v.估计；
计算；认为
[例1] I figure that you know more about the MBA.
我认为有关MBA你知道的更多。
[例2] Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.
我们的教科书里有很多插图来帮助解释课程内容。
[造句] (2017·北京卷)如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他
人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。
If you don't understand something ， you may research ， study ， a nd talk to other
people until you figure it out.
[知识拓展]
(1)figure out 理解；想出；计算出；弄明白
(2)keep one's figure 保持体形
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂have a good figure 身材好
a political/public figure 一位政治/公众人物
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①To help them figure out our festival of Qing Ming，we took them to our town.
② It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this
country haven't got a job.
③The Statue of Liberty standing on an island in New York Harbor is a figure of
a woman.
[小片段助记]
Lucy is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in our town，she gets up to
take exercise every day and she also buys many books in which have many figures
with a good figure.Now I figure out how she has kept her figure for all these years.
知识要点4 gather vi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割
(教材 P )This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have
4
been gathered in.
这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。
[例1] Clouds gather before a thunderstorm.
在风暴来临之前云层聚集。
[例2] He took the trouble to gather the materials for me.
他不辞辛劳地为我收集资料。
[例3] The farmers are gathering crops in the fields.
农民们正在田野里收割庄稼。
[造句] 越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。
People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the
agricultural work is over.
[知识拓展]
gather experience积累经验
[明辨异同]
gather/collect
意为“收集，聚集”，指把分散的东西或抽象的东西聚集起
gather
来，也可指把人集中、聚集起来。
collect
意为“收集，采集”，着重于计划性和选择性含义，指有计
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂划、有目的、有选择地“收集”。
[即学即练] 用gather和collect的适当形式填空
①The captain gathered all the soldiers before him，telling them to get ready for
the fight.
②We have collected 30 samples from over 200 patients.
知识要点5 significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的
(教材 P )Customs play a significant role in festivals，but sometimes they can
4
change over time.
习俗在节日中起着重要的作用，但是有时他们也会随着时间而变化。
[例 1] The most significant thing you should keep in mind is that most of the
questions are easy if you make use of correct methods.
你应该牢记的最重要的事情是如果你使用正确的方法的话，大部分问题是
容易的。
[例2] The task took him a significant amount of time.
这份工作花了他大量的时间。
[造句] 老师及时的鼓励对学生很重要。
Timely encouragement from a teacher is very significant/is of great significance
to his/her students.
[知识拓展]
significance n． 重要性；意义
be of great significance＝be very significant
非常重要
be of no significance 无意义，不重要
attach significance to 重视……
[联想发散] 常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：
①be of significance＝be significant
②be of importance＝be important
③be of value＝be valuable
④be of help＝be helpful
⑤be of use＝be useful
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In my view，practicing handwriting is of great significance (significant) to the
students' growth.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂② She showed special concern for the college students and attached much
significance(significant) to educating them.
③ It is significant(significance) that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an
important part of a healthy diet.
知识要点6 typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；一贯的；平常的
(教材 P )One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting
4
firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.
为了驱逐恶鬼和庆祝新年，中国人在春节燃放鞭炮的习俗就是一个典型的
例子。
[例1] This painting is fairly typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期作品中相当典型的代表作。
[例2] It is typical of him to play jokes on others.
他一向喜欢取笑别人。
[造句] 他一向喜欢帮助那些处于逆境的人。
It is typical o f him to help those who are in trouble .
[知识拓展]
be typical of... 在……中典型的；……有代表性的
it's typical of sb.to do sth. 某人做某事一向如此
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It's typical of him to come to school late.
② Typicall y (typical)，he always listens to music while doing some washing.
知识要点7 in spite of不管；尽管
(教材 P )Another example is Halloween，which slowly became an exciting
4
festival for children，in spite of its religious origins.
另一个例子是万圣节，它慢慢地变成了一个让孩子们很兴奋的节日而尽管
它起源于宗教。
[例1] He would go in spite of our warning.
尽管我们提出警告他还是要去。
[例2] In spite of the troubles of the past two years，there could be light at the
end of the tunnel.
尽管在过去的两年里麻烦不断，但我们应该相信在隧道的另一端一定会看
到光亮。
[造句] 尽管在这点上我们不能达成一致，我们仍然是朋友。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂In spite of our disagreement on this point we are still friends.
[明辨异同]
regardless of/despite/in spite of
强调不认为……重要，从而不加以重视或考虑。
regardless of
后可接whether，what引导的从句。
despite/in spite of 后常接名词，不接从句。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.
②Dr.Bethune continued working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation.
③He went fishing despite the bad weather.
知识要点 8 (教材 P )They reflected people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and
5
attitudes towards life.
它们反映了人们的希望，信心，宗教信仰和对生活的态度。
(1)reflect v．映照；反射；思考；显示
[例1] Your choice of clothes reflects your personality.
你对服饰的选择反映了你的性格特点。
[例2] She could see her face reflected in the water.
她可以看见映在水中的自己的脸。
[例 3] The likely reactions of the market need to be reflected on/upon before
we act.
我们采取行动之前需要思考市场可能的反应。
[造句] 你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
You should set aside some time to reflect on/upon your successes and failures.
[知识拓展]
(1)reflect sb./sth. in sth. (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像
reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事；回忆某事
(2)reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
① It seems beautiful that the tall buildings reflected(reflect) in the lake around
which there are many trees.
② Usually a child's behaviour is a reflection(reflect) of his family relationship
and growth environment.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂[小片段助记]
Looking at the reflection of the trees in the lake，I reflected on some reasons
that explained the phenomenon reflected in the picture.
(2)faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信
[例1] Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.
艺术是受一个民族生活习俗和信仰影响的。
[例2] I have great faith in you.I know you will be successful one day.
我非常相信你，我知道终有一天你会成功。
[造句] 她对我的能力很有信心。
She has great faith in my ability .
[知识拓展]
(1)have faith in sb./sth. 信任某人某事
lose faith in sb./sth. 对……失去信心
(2)faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的
(3)faithfully adv. 忠实地；忠诚地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Under no circumstance shall we lose faith in the future.
②As we know，dogs are faithful friends of human.
[小片段助记]
We should have faith in ourselves and friends.If we lost faith in them，we may
not make faithful friends any more ， meanwhile we should treat our friends
faithfully.
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1 “no matter＋疑问词”句式
(教材 P )However，no matter how difficult they may seem，all over the
4
world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all
festivals.
然而，在全世界所有的节日中，不管它们看起来是多么的不同，但共享喜
悦，感恩，爱与和平的精神是一致的。
句式分析：“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主
句后。
[例 1] Today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take
part，no matter what nation they come from.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂如今，世界各地的男女运动员都能参加，无论他们来自哪个国家。
[例2] No matter where you go，I'll follow you.
不管你去哪里，我都会跟着。
[造句] 法网恢恢，疏而不漏。
No matter who breaks the law ， he must be punished .
[知识拓展]
(1)whenever，wherever，however 引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter
when/where/how。
(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引
导 让 步 状 语 从 句 ， 在 引 导 让 步 状 语 从 句 时 相 当 于 no matter
what/who/which/whom。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
① Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will
repeat itself in the future.
②No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can predict when the
unexpected will happen.
重点句式2 with复合结构
(教材 P )Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses
5
taking advantage of the celebrations.
随着商业对各种庆祝活动的利用，节日也变得越来越商业化了。
句式分析：句中with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations 为with的
复合结构作状语。
[例1] With the exam coming near，I felt very nervous.
随着考试的临近，我感觉十分紧张。
[例2] With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.
有当地向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。
[造句] 随着时间的流逝，他变得越来越勤奋了。
With time going by ， he became more and more hard working .
[知识拓展]
(1)with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
(2)with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
(3)with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
(4)with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂[即学即练]
①With a guide to show (show) us around the scenic spots，we're sure to have a
good time.
② With several problems remaining(remain) to be solved，we still need to hold
another meeting as soon as possible.
③With more and more forests damaged(damage)，some animals and plants are
facing the danger of dying out.
④With John away，we've got more room.
⑤With a book in his hand，he left his office.
重点句式3 make it ＋adj.＋for sb.to do 句型
(教材 P )Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much
5
easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
网上购物的网址和社会媒体软件的应用让公众花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼
物变得更容易了。
句式分析：句中made it much easier for the public to spend...，it是形式宾语，
真正的宾语是后面的不定式to spend...。
[例 1] This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to
develop.
这产生了一系列反应，使生命的发展成为可能。
[例2] We should make it a rule to clean our classroom every morning.
我们应该把每天早上打扫教室当作一条规则。
[造句] 我精通英语，这使我更容易地找到一份好工作。
I have a goo d command of English ， which makes it easier for me to find a good
job.
[知识拓展]
(1)make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句
(2)make＋it＋adj./n.＋to do不定式
(3)make＋it＋no good/no use/no value...＋doing sth.
[提示] 常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
② People in the west make it a rule to buy (buy) Christmas presents for their
relatives and friends.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂③He is stubborn，which makes it no use quarrelling(quarrel) with him about it.
(教材P )They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life and forget about
5
our work for a little while.
[分析] 本句为复合句，that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 occasions。而
relax，enjoy和forget是三个动词不定式的并列，作allow 的宾语补足语。
[译文] 它们也是一些让我们放松下来，享受生活和暂时忘记工作的机会。
教材 高考
(2019·江苏卷)．..since the exchange
1.wear traditional costumes students are unlikely to come in their
traditional costumes.
2....the spirit of sharing joy，
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Nervousness and fear
gratitude，love，or peace is common
were replaced with joy.
in all festivals.
3....some traditions may fade away and
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)选项49 fade away
others may be established.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The researchers say
4.Festivals are becoming more and that the keyboard should be pretty
more commercial... straightforward to commercialize
and...
5.They reflect people's wishes，
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I reflect on how my
beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards
day's gone and...
life.
6.It was great fun walking along the
streets，enjoying the relaxing (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)选项50 atmosphere
atmosphere.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Festivals of all kinds have a wide range of origins all around the world.
2．They travelled to Canada after all the crops had been gathered(gather) and
stored.
3．At the beginning of the year，farmers usually have a lot of agricultural
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂(agriculture) work to do.
4．Can you tell me what's your religious (religion) belief?
5．The lady dressed herself up for the gettogether tonight.
6．Do you know what most festivals seem to have in common?
7．Festivals are playing a significant(significance) role in our daily life now.
8．Looking at the picture reflected(reflect) in the mirror，the baby smiled.
9．There are some occasions in our life where we can sing and dance happily.
10 ． I would be grateful(gratefully) if you could take my suggestion into
consideration.
Ⅱ.语境填空
dress up；after all；range from...to；fade away；in spite of；take advantage
of；have sth.in common；have faith in；reflect on；figure out
1．You'd better reflect on the problem that more and more plastic are damaging
our earth.
2．Can you figure out who broke the window yesterday?
3．On Halloween，children can dress up and go to their neighbours' home to ask
for sweets.
4．We should take advantage of the forest to protect our environment.
5．You should not blame Tim for the accident， after all he is a child.
6．The shop sells a wide range of books，whose prices range from 2 yuan to
100 yuan.
7．He went to climb the mountain in spite of the rain yesterday.
8．With the development of society，some traditions may fade away ．
9．I have faith in your ability to deal with the problem.
10．You will find these questions have a lot in common if you observe them
carefully.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Today's festivals have a wide range 1.of origins，including the seasons of the
year，famous 2.figures(figure)，important events，and religions.The harvest festival
is one of the most popular festivals and is 3.celebrated(celebrate) in many cultures.
Customs play a 4.significant(significance) role in festivals，but they can change
5.over time.For example，some Chinese cities no longer allow firecrackers during the
Spring Festival ， 6.as they can increase air pollution.These days ， festivals are
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂becoming 7.more commercial(commercial)，with people spending more money on
gifts.Festivals reflect people's wishes，beliefs，8.faiths(faith)，and attitudes towards
life.These are 9.occasions(occasion) to spend time with family，and relax and enjoy
life.As a matter of fact，you may find that different cultures have a lot 10.in common.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
