文档内容
Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking &Reading
for Writing
阅读Reading 2中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．What's the response of the milkman to the large stone on the road？He ．
A．picked it up
B．went away leaving the stone unmoved
C．moved it out of the road
D．crashed into the stone
2．How did the king teach an important lesson to his people?
A．By giving them some gold coins.
B．By telling them an interesting story.
C．By testing his people's response to his idea.
D．By helping his people clean the road.
3．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．The woman cried because she did not find the gold coins.
B．The king wanted to hide his gold coins under the stone.
C．Some women made an attempt to move the stone，but failed.
D．The girl managed to move the stone to the side of the street.
[答案] 1－3 BCD
Words And Phrases
知识要点1 assist vt.帮助；协助；援助
(教材 P )Despite the difficult situation，Dr Bethune did whatever he could to
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assist the Chinese people.
不顾局势艰难，白求恩博士竭尽所能地来帮助中国人。
[例1] You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you.
你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。
[例2] We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂are boring.
我们将会有便捷的机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理那些枯燥无味的事情。
[知识拓展]
(1)assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助
come to one's assistance 援助某人
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
[提示] assist只是表示辅助性的帮助；aid多指经济上或其他方面急需的援
助；help用法则比较广泛，常用于日常谈话中，表示任何形式的帮助。
[即学即练]
(1)单句语法填空
①The guide managed to assist the tourists to find (find) somewhere to live during
the Russia World Cup.
② With the assistance(assist) of his teacher, he gradually adjusted to the school
life.
③We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us with the group's
work.
④Mary was chosen as an a ssistant (assist) to help Mr. Brown finish his research.
(2)一句多译
在我的日常生活中，我认为帮助母亲做家务是我的责任。
① In my daily life ， I think it is my duty to assist my mother with the
housework.
② In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother to do the
housework.
③ In my daily life，I think it is my duty to assist my mother in doing the
housework.
知识要点2 harm n．& vt.伤害；损害
(教材P )Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their
20
neighbours from harm?
难道这个村子里就没有主动承担保护邻居避免受伤害的责任吗？
[ 例 1] Modern farming methods have done considerable harm to the
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现代的耕作方式已经对乡村造成了很大的损害。
[例2] Staying up too late harms our health.
熬夜太晚伤害我们的身体。
[知识拓展]
(1)do sb./sth.harm(＝do harm to sb./sth.)
对……造成伤害
there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的
[即学即练]
(1)单句语法填空
①As we all know，smoking is harmful(harm) to health.
②Staring at the screen of the computer will do harm to your eyes.
③There is no harm in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards.
(2)一句多译
众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。
① What is known to us is that eating too much junk food is harmful to your
health．(harmful)
② It is known to us that eating too much junk food does harm to your health．
(harm n．)
知识要点3 a great deal(of)大量；许多
(教材 P )After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the
20
side of the street.
经过一番努力之后，她终于成功地把石头搬到大路边上了。
[例1] Joan passed her exam，which surprised me a great deal.
琼通过了考试，这让我很惊讶。
[ 例 2] The police gained a great deal of useful information about the
organization.
警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。
[造句] 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从一个以农业为主的社会变
成了以工业为主的社会
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂In the late 19th century ， Europe changed a great deal ， from a mostly
agricultural so ciety to a mostly industrial one.
[知识拓展]
(1)
(2)the number of＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语
(3)＋不可数名词
(4)＋
[提示] (1)a great deal“大量；许多”，是一个名词短语。a great deal of后接
不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(2)a great/good deal也可以作副词短语，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级，
还可以修饰动词作状语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
① The changes this time may be limited，but they are a great deal better(good)
than no movement at all.
② In the past five years a great deal of money has been spent(spend) improving
the environment of the school.
Sentence Patterns
重点句式 neither...nor既不……也不……
(教材 P )Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the
20
road.
她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从大路上挪开。
句式分析：neither...or...“既不……也不……”，连接句中两个相同的句子成
分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
[例1] To be honest，I have neither time nor money for the ball.
诚实地说，我既没有时间也没有金钱参加舞会。
[例 2] Last night neither my wife nor my parents were able to persuade my
daughter to change her mind.
昨天晚上我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意。
[造句] 人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood .
[知识拓展]
遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：
either...or... 不是……就是……
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
not...but... 不是……而是……
[例3] As is known to all，not only the nurses but also the doctor is very kind
to the patients.
众所周知，护士和医生都对病人非常和蔼。
[例 4] Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due
tomorrow.
你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Not you but the scientist is(be) to attend the ceremony to be held in our school.
②Neither the father nor the children were(be) interested in the film.
应用文之人物介绍——抓主题析人物特征，比对定答案
不同的几个人物，依靠某一个特定的主题放置在一起，考查考生读文的各
种技巧，这是高考语篇中人物介绍类应用文的命题特点。此类文章的破解关键
在于：首先要抓住把几位人物链接在一起的纽带，即文章主题；其次要抓住每
个人物自身的特点；然后迅速浏览题干，依据题干中的关键词到文中寻找与之
相关的“信息区间”，比对即可得出答案。
[高考典例]2016·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇
[抓文章主题，析不同人物特征]
首段
You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have
点明
heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do
主
you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
题。
Jane Addams(18601935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane
人物1
Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She
职业
encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and
成就
promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931, Addams
became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize．
Rachel Carson (19071964)
人物2
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might
成就
not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of
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and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford
人物3 Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she
事件 was a woman．She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in
成就 1981, the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave
the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top
court.
Rosa Parks (19132005)
On December 1 ， 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks
人物4 would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger ．Her simple
事件 act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus
成就 boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights
movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” said Parks.
[读文解题技法]
1.读首段，明主题
通读第一段，可知本文主题应是介绍几位优秀女性。
2．关注不同人物特征
从下面4位人物介绍中知晓发生在她们身上的事及她们取得的成就。
3．题文比对得出答案
抓住题干中的关键词，然后到文中寻找相应人物的特征，比对即可得出答
案。
[由不同人物特征，定位比对归纳出答案]
21．What is noted for in history?
A．Her social work.
B．Her teaching skills.
C．Her efforts to win a prize.
D．Her community background.
22．What was the reason for being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂D．The poor financial conditions.
23．Who made a great contribution to in the U．S.?
A．Jane Addams.
B．Rachel Carson.
C．Sandra Day O'Connor.
D．Rosa Parks.
24．What can we infer about in the text?
A．They are highly educated.
B．They are truly creative.
C．They are pioneers.
D．They are peacelovers.
[答案] 21.A 22.C 23.D 24.C
21.题中人物―――――→文中人物1的“职业”及“成就”，得出答案
22．题中人物―――――→文中人物3的“事件”，得出答案
23．题中事件―――――→文中人物4的“成就”，得出答案
24．总结特征―――――――→得出4位人物的共性
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