文档内容
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
单元素养评估 A 卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
项涂黑。
A
Researchers say getting a good night’s sleep is probably the best tool for memory and learning. But
short periods of sleep may help our brains work better, says a recent study on napping. And taking a nap
may also help old adults fight off age-related memory loss.
CDC, an American scientific organization, found that 50 to 70 million Americans have chronic(长期
的) sleep disorders. So, someone who naps as a way of paying off a sleep debt may not experience the
same improvements from napping as a well-rested person would. Also, that only children, the very old, sick
or lazy people nap is not an uncommon opinion.
Researchers recently looked at information provided by nearly 3,000 Chinese adults, aged 65 years or
older, to learn if napping after a midday meal had any effect on the mental performance of the subjects.
First, they asked the people if they napped and for how long. Then, based on their answers, researchers
put them into four groups: non-nappers(0 min), short nappers(≤30 mins), moderate nappers(30-90 mins),
and extended nappers(≥90 mins). Nearly 60% of the people said they did take a nap after lunch and that
their naps lasted anywhere from 30 to 90 minutes. Most of the subjects said they napped for about an hour.
The study found that people who took an hour-long nap did much better on mental tests than those
who did not nap. The hour-long nappers also did better on the tests than those who napped for shorter and
longer periods. In this study, it seemed that the most effective nap lasted for about an hour, but not much
longer.
Yet Doctor Michael Twery notes that an hour-long nap may be too long for young, healthy adults. 30
minutes is enough to remove the pressure to sleep and will help us feel more awake.
1.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Getting a good night’s sleep is probably the best tool for memory and learning.
B.Getting rest during the middle of the day helps older adults’ brains work better.
C.Taking a nap helps babies and young children learn better.
D.Napping helps adults fight off age-related health problems.
2.Among the following people who naps after lunch, who experiences the best improvement?
A.A new mother with her baby crying for most of the night.
B.A university student staying up late for the coming exams.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C.A school guard working on the night shift.
D.A retired teacher going to bed at 10 p.m.and rising at 6 a.m.
3.A nap does better for healthy and young adults.
A.30-minute B.60-minute
C.70-minute D.90-minute
B
It’s 3 o’clock and you’ve been hard at work.As you sit at your desk，a strong desire for chocolate
overcomes you.You try to busy yourself to make it go away.But it doesn’t.Here is another situation.Perhaps
you are not feeling well.The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup，like your mom used
to make when you were sick as a child.Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And
they are normal.
Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way.Hunger is a fairly
simple connection between the stomach and the brain.They even call it simply “stomach hunger”．When
our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten，a hormone(荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of
the brain for more food，which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst，hunger and
sleep.The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat.Hunger is a function of survival.
A craving is more complex.It activates(使活跃) brain areas related to emotion，memory and
reward.These are the same areas of the brain activated during drugcraving studies.So，some scientists call
food cravings “mind hunger”．People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar.Foods that are high
in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.
In a 2007 study，researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating
generally increases the possibility of food craving”．So，the more you deny yourself a food that you
want，the more you may crave it.However，fasting is a bit different.They found that eating no food at all
for a short period of time lessened food cravings.
So，the next time you crave something very specific，know that your brain may be more to blame
than your stomach.
4．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To remind readers of their own special food.
B．To deepen the understanding of hunger.
C．To report the discovery of craving study.
D．To lead to the topic of the whole passage.
5．What do we learn about food craving?
A．It shows food is linked to feelings.
B．It ensures a person survives hunger.
C．It means the stomach functions well.
D．It proves the brain decides your appetite.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂6．What’s the likely result of dieting?
A．The decrease of chemicals.
B．The increase of food desire.
C．The refusal of fat and sugar.
D．The disappearance of appetite.
7．What does the passage mainly discuss?
A．The functions of brain areas.
B．What hunger is all about.
C．The findings of food craving.
D．What dieting may bring us.
C
Kids seem to spend endless hours on smartphones，computers and tablet computers these days.The
best thing parents can do to prevent it is to encourage youngsters to spend more time outdoors in the
sunlight.
There has been a massive rise around the globe in shortsightedness—or myopia(近视) as it’s officially
known—over recent decades.Myopia or shortsightedness is becoming more common.Lack of natural light
seems to be the key issue.“The main factor seems to be a lack of exposure to direct sunlight，because
children who study a lot and who use computers or smartphones or tablet computers a lot have less
opportunity to run around outside and are less exposed to sunshine and because of that children seem to be
at more risk of developing shortsightedness.”
Professor Hammond says，“It may be that there’s no coincidence that in East Asian countries，the
most myopic ones all relate to the maths league tables(排名表)．These kids are being pushed with very
intensive education from a very young age and spend a lot of time indoors studying everything close
up.Therefore the concern is that all close work—like playing with the iPad and iPhone—carries the
potential that it could make them more shortsighted.”
The best thing to do，experts say，is to get children playing outside as much as possible.In a perfect
world，probably on average across the week and the weekend，two hours a day outdoors is protective of
becoming shortsighted in children.Healthy diet is really also important—in terms of getting oily fish，
green vegetables，green leafy vegetables as much as possible.
“What we need to look at is ways of modifying the impact that these activities have on their visual
development，” Professor Hammond said.“There are eye drops and other treatments to slow myopia
progression.But in terms of preventing myopia itself，there isn’t any data out there at the moment in terms
of the question，‘Could the drops we use slow progression or stop myopia developing at all？’”
8．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Much natural light.
B．Running around outside.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．Computers or smartphones.
D．Less exposure to sunshine.
9．What does Professor Hammond think of shortsightedness among East Asian children?
A．It appears quite by chance.
B．It is not serious enough.
C．It largely relates to iPad or iPhone.
D．It connects with their study pressure.
10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The myopic students will decrease in the future.
B．Researchers have found methods to reduce myopia.
C．It’s still a hard job to control the children’s myopia.
D．Researchers needn’t collect any more data on myopia.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．Common Troubles of Students
B．Problems Caused by Shortsightedness
C．Staying Outdoors More to Keep Good Eyesight
D．The Importance of Protecting Kids
D
It is backtoschool time in the United States, which for many is bittersweet. The bitter part is saying
goodbye to carefree, unscheduled summer days. The sweet part is saying hello to a new school year and
school friends.
However, going back to school can also be a stressful time for children and families. Every kid must
make the change from easy summer life to routines, schedules and homework. Parents might also stress
about spending extra money for a new school year. They often need to pay school fees or to buy new school
clothes, sports equipment, musical instruments and school supplies.
Backtoschool stress is different for different ages. Younger children may feel scared to leave their
families. Making new friends and dealing with bullying can also cause stress for students. Older students may stress about their
appearance, grades and getting into college.
A 2019 survey by the American Psychological Association found that teens in the US are now as
stressed as adults. A high percentage of the teens surveyed say they are stressed about getting into a good
college (83%) or deciding what to do after high school (69%) and financial concerns for their family
(65%).
However, parents, teachers and children can all help to make the transition back to school easier.
Mary Anne Aidala began teaching in the New York school system in l967. She retired 39 years later, in
2006.She is an award－winning teacher. She advises parents to focus on the basics—get enough sleep, eat healthy foods, and turn
off electronics before bedtime.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂“Well, the first thing they (parents) have to do is to get them (children) on a schedule of sleep habits.
And they should also make sure they have a good breakfast to keep their brains alert. And maybe before they go to sleep
every night they should start to read them a story or do something educational: so, they can start to reactivate their
brains into using them.”
12．How do most kids generally feel when their summer holiday is over?
A．Easy and energetic.
B．Excited and nervous.
C．Fully occupied and tired.
D．Scared and stressed.
13．Why are some parents stressed out at the beginning of a new school year?
A．They are anxious about school violence.
B．They need to buy more clothes for children.
C．They have an extra expense besides school fees.
D．They are confused at the demand of musical instruments.
14．What can we learn from what Mary Anne Aidala says?
A.Children should form a good habit of going to bed early.
B.Nutrition must be put in the first place in children's diet.
C．Bedtime stories are helpful in developing children's good qualities.
D．Parents can do some simple things to help relieve children's stress.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Lessening school burden on children
B．Living a happy and healthy school life
C．Dealing with backtoschool stress
D．Getting school life back to normal
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nobody wants to reach the end of their life and experience regret.Instead，we desire to experience
satisfaction with the life we’ve been given. 36 To live a life without regret in the future，you should
try to stay away from the following four common unhealthy habits.
37 It is good to have a destination to go to but it is the journey that matters in the end.Too
often，we live our lives from destination to destination.But life is not lived merely in these destinations.In
fact，it is far more often lived in the pathways between them.We should appreciate the joy in the journey
rather than always hurry to the next destination.
Be defined by your negative circumstances.Each morning we are born again.What we do today is what
matters most.This is an important truth and an important promise.Our lives should not be defined by the
negative circumstances that happened in our past.They may have affected our lives，but they do not write
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂the final chapter. 38
Focus entirely on yourself.The size of our universe becomes smaller considerably when we place
ourselves at the center. 39 On the contrary，those who see their life as an opportunity to bring joy to
others quickly find it themselves.
40 Every excess(过量) adds burden to our lives.And yet we continue to pursue and accumulate
more than we need—more houses，more cars，more clothes，and more dishes.Owning less means less
cleaning，less burden，less anxiety，and less stress each day.It provides the space and opportunity to
pursue the things in life that bring lasting satisfaction to our lives.
A．Blame everybody else.
B．Carry more than you need.
C．It is we ourselves who hold the pen.
D．Miss the joy of the journey for the destination.
E．Only a fool believes the wide road is necessarily the right road.
F．The fact is that too many people experience regret at the lives they chose to live.
G．And the people who are most focused on themselves are the least satisfied in life.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
Growing flowers from seeds needs both physical work and self-control. One must take care of the
seeds, and make sure they get watered on ___1___ basis and believe they will actually produce flowers
beautifully. Thus, ___2___ beautiful flowers without mistakes is a miracle（奇迹），which needs to be
fed,___3___ and hard work. How does the same thing ___4___in life?
The miracle I dreamed of was to become an excellent___5___.I would, to be honest, sit in front
motivational speakers as they spoke, ___6___ one of them would spot something valuable in me and
encourage me to follow my ___7___.I neither said anything nor did anything ____8____wish. Then one
day, I met a professional speaker at a conference I attended. He told me the National Speakers Association
___9___helps whoever makes up his mind to start professional speaking businesses. Their club was two
hours' drive away from my home, and expensive, but I was very ____ 10____ to hear of it. Frankly, it didn't
matter to be ____11____or to pay it. I joined it and made my first speech but I ____ 12____ halfway. I got
so angry at myself that after getting home I locked myself in my home to ____13____making speeches for
three days. And I ____14____ figured out what I would speak on and then tried to improve my speaking
_____15_____ .I stuck to it and sincerely said thanks to whoever ____16____ my shortcomings. All the
time, I stopped the negative voice in my head from ____17____me.
Now five years passed, and a(n）____18____ was worked. At the age of 53, I became a professional
speaker at last. What miracle are you hoping for? What seed do you mean to ____19____ and then water
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂it, to grow your miracle? If you haven't started, remember to do it now, and the____20____, the better.
1. A. new B. regular C. enjoyable D. firm
2. A. watering B. enjoying C. observing D. harvesting
3. A. cared for B. swept up C. put aside D.picked out
4. A. achieve B. appear C. live D. improve
5. A. receiver B. representative C. speaker D. editor
6. A. informing B. foreseeing C. arranging D. wishing
7. A. task B. dream C. heart D. bravery
8. A. until B. so C. but D. as
9. A. really B. partly C. seriously D. perfectly
10. A. excited B. eager C. unwilling D. positive
11. A. difficult B. anxious C. unreasonable D. inconvenient
12. A. lost B. started C. quitted D. fastened
13. A. practice B. finish C. enjoy D. approve
14. A. slowly B. finally C. instantly D. constantly
15. A. skills B. impressions C. energies D. opportunities
16. A. took up B. pointed out C. left out D.broke down
17. A. rejecting B. applying C. approving D. disturbing
18. A. miracle B. description C. collection D. barrier
19. A. use B. conclude C. handle D. plant
20. A. easier B. more C. sooner D. shorter
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was traveling in a small place in New York.That place had no taxi for a short 1.
_________(distant)．I had to take a rickshaw(人力车)．
I called out for an old man in the waiting line.Before I got on the rickshaw ， I
2._________(automatic) asked how much he would charge to take me across to the Mall.I 3. (tell)“10
dollars”．Then I started bargaining.He just gave a hard smile and said，“Whatever you feel like，please
give me.It is not necessary 4. (bargain) on this small amount.”
I was a bit 5. (shame) at myself and kept quiet while he continued，“Unlike those taxis，
my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel(柴油) or even gas；6. runs on my sweat.So please
give it to me 7. a smile，for the money has to feed so many 8. (hunger) mouths at home.”
When we reached the Mall，I gave him the money and the smile as 9. (request) and added a
gentle pat on his back.He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for 10.
long time.
第四部分 写作
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10
处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The findings of a recent survey suggests that students are not happy with multimedia approaches in
education. They feel that their learning will be much effective when traditional methods are used. The
students interviewing said they thought the teacher played important role in their learning. In their opinions,
listening to the teacher, taking notes, and use a textbook suitable for their age group really help them
understand and remember the content of their lessons. They also found that answering questions which had
been written on the board very helpfully. They valued the chance to carry out practical, hands-on work
either.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华,你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏,这给他带来很多危害。请你给他写一封书信,
劝说他戒掉这个不良习惯,并提出建议。内容包括:
1.浪费了学习的时间;
2.对身心健康造成危害;
3.你的建议。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
