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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
07-人与自然(一)----自然生态、环境保护与灾害防范(A卷)
一、完形填空
A
What difference does global warming (全球变暖) make to people’s lives? Many people may not know how to
1 the question because they don’t see any direct changes in climate. They mostly live indoors in a city, and
their climates are in 2 there. If it rains, they stay inside. If it’s too cold or too hot, they try to change the
3 of the room.
However, for farmers and those living closer to the land, the relation between global warming and them is
4 . Although they’re not sure if the changes in weather, bad or good, they can say over time that things are
5 to seem different. They notice that flowers and other plants are growing earlier in northern parts of the
world. This causes them to change planting 6 for plants. At the same time, farmers will 7 more
natural disasters in the United States, Russia and many other places.
The worst thing about global warming is probably that 8 the warming happens, it makes further
warming faster. The high temperature is 9 for the natural environment of many places, such as the Arctic.
No matter where we live, we must know about global warming and 10 to fight it. If we don’t do this, the
future of our planet will be ín danger.
1．A．agree B．answer C．explain D．mention
2．A．risk B．use C．control D．study
3．A．experience B．situation C．temperature D．condition
4．A．stronger B．poorer C．newer D．better
5．A．deciding B．preparing C．expecting D．beginning
6．A．times B．places C．facts D．races
7．A．accept B．believe C．face D．show
8．A．if B．as C．although D．until
9．A．difficult B．bad C．normal D．good
10．A．bring up B．bring out C．take turns D．take action
B
Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I expected to grow tall and big.
As a young 1 , I was well protected in the forest. I used to 2 a good time with my friends
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under the blue sky and 3 the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal, Tim often said, “All I ask
for is to be 4 the whole day.”
365 days passed and we grew straight. On that day, it was our 5 birthday, people came, moved us
from the 6 and put us on their trucks. “I don’t want to go!” Tim cried.
After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with 7 green. Here we were planted
in a line. 8 the wind blew strongly, I could not even open my eyes to see Tim 9 beside me. So
we needed enough 1 0 to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind.
As time went by, we finally 1 1 much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found
the blue sky was back!
This was no longer a no-man’s-land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his
1 2 . “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days 1 3 worrying about sand storms.” A young girl jumping
up and down came over and 1 4 me. “Thank you,” she said. “It’s you that have turned the desert into a
green land!”
Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling 1 5 . The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
1．A．tree B．fish C．girl D．boy
2．A．choose B．forget C．have D．miss
3．A．in B．along C．under D．on
4．A．smart B．happy C．busy D．thin
5．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
6．A．beach B．lake C．house D．earth
7．A．all B．nothing C．anything D．everything
8．A．Though B．Unless C．Because D．Until
9．A．clearly B．greatly C．kindly D．widely
10．A．desert B．wind C．sand D．water
11．A．became B．smelt C．sounded D．remained
12．A．radio B．keyboard C．backpack D．camera
13．A．from B．about C．without D．of
14．A．asked B．hugged C．invited D．kicked
15．A．tired B．bored C．proud D．surprised
二、阅读理解
A
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Green Energy for Today and Tomorrow
Did you know that most of the energy we use comes from the sun? For example, the sun helps plants to grow.
Plants that grew millions of years ago turned into coal, oil, and natural gas (天然气). We call these fossil fuels (化石
燃料).
However, fossil fuels make pollution. This is bad for the Earth. Fossil fuels are also nonrenewable (不可再生
的). Some day they will be gone. So, scientists want people to use green energy. Why is green energy important?
First, it is clean. It doesn’t hurt the Earth. Next, it is renewable. It won’t run out. Green energy gives us almost 25%
of the electricity we use today.
What are the main sources (来源) of green energy?
1 Water Power
Water power uses moving water in rivers and dams (堤坝). Moving water has energy. Water power makes
16.6% of the electricity we use.
2 Wind Power
Is wind power new? No, it isn’t. People used wind power many years ago. Wind power makes 4% of the
electricity we use.
3 Solar Power
Solar power comes from sunlight. The sun shines on solar panels (太阳能板), and electricity is made. Solar
power is now as cheap as some fossil fuels. It makes 15% of the electricity we use.
4 Biomass (生物质能)
Biomass is energy that we get from plants around us. For example, deadwood or grass is burned in power
stations. This makes electricity. Biomass is green energy because we plant new trees or crops (庄稼) after we use it.
Biomass makes 2% of the electricity we use.
5 New Green Energy
Ocean rises and falls each day. This moving water can make electricity. We call it tide power. There is also
heat under the Earth’s surface. Scientists can use this heat for energy, which is called heat power. We may find other
sources of green energy in the future.
Some day, green energy could make 100% of the electricity we use. That’s good news for the Earth!
1．Why do scientists suggest using green energy?
A．Because it is as cheap as fossil fuels.
B．Because it is clean and won’t be used up.
C．Because it is the main source of electricity now.
2．Where can we get biomass?
A．From natural gas. B．From new trees. C．From dead plants.
3．How many kinds of green energy are mentioned in the passage
A．4. B．6. C．7.
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B
My friend helped me celebrate my 31st birthday in a basement (地下室), where I lived. Then, I finally
climbed into bed at 1:20 in the morning.
Earlier in the day, I was preparing for the possible flood. We were living near the Ahr River. It went on raining
heavily that week and the government sent out a flood warning, although it was not for where I was. However, I put
sand bags on the floor outside my garden door. “Silly brother!” My friends laughed at me for doing that. But I
thought, why take a chance?
As I was sleeping, I was woken by the sound of rushing water. It sounded like lying beside a waterfall. When I
got off the bed, I was shocked that cold water was rising fast. In darkness, I picked up my cellphone and turned on
the flashlight. When I got out of the bedroom, I saw water shooting through the bottom of the door.
I began to feel afraid. I knew I had to get out-fast! Without shoes, I started to make my way to the only escape:
the door that led upstairs to the main floor. Finally I made it to the door and tried several times to pull it open even
just a little bit, but the rushing water shut it again. I looked around for anything I could use to keep it open. There
was a stick in the corner. I took it and, once again, opened the door, throwing it between the door and the frame (门
框) to keep the door open. Finally, I managed to go through and make it into the living room.
I jumped onto the stairs and ran outside. I stood there in the darkness, wet through. The street was once lovely
full of people and cars, but now it was like a water pool with floating things. The river had drowned the
neighbourhood!
I couldn’t help thinking: What would happen if I hadn’t done any preparations? I might have lost my life!
Never take a chance and always be prepared!
1．Why did the writer’s friends laugh at him?
A．Because he lived in a basement. B．Because he prepared for the flood.
C．Because he was afraid of the heavy rain.D．Because he was warned by the government.
2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4?
A．The door. B．The corner. C．The stick. D．The frame.
3．Which shows the correct steps of how the author saved himself?
a. I got to the door but failed to open it.
b. I found the street was like a water pool.
c. I learned about the government’s warning.
d. I woke up and found there was a flood.
e. I managed to go to the living room with a stick.
A．d-c-b-a-e B．d-c-e-b-a C．c-d-a-b-e D．c-d-a-e-b
4．What can we infer from the 5th paragraph?
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A．The sun came out after the flood. B．The writer felt sad and shocked.
C．Nobody was alive except the writer. D．People and cars were floating in a water pool.
C
People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They
are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not
much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice.
Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30°F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years
ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and
difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may
face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few
people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard.
However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many
different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called “leads”.
Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
1．According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago?
A．Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.
B．Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F.
C．The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.
D．The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.
2．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese?
A．气候恶劣的 B．充满危险的 C．困难重重的 D．无人居住的
3．The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is ______.
A．that the temperature suddenly drops B．that the water under the ice is frozen
C．that the ocean water under the ice moves D．that the surface is covered with lots of ice
4．What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．The thick ice in the North Pole.
B．A difficult trip to the North Pole.
C．The real situation in the North Pole.
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D．The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole.
D
How do you go to school every day? Recently a survey showed that only about 20% of the middle school
students in Suzhou ride to school. In fact, a bicycle is not only a tool but also a weapon (武器) to fight against
climate change.
The United Nations General Assembly made a decision in 2022 to support bicycles as a tool for dealing with
climate change. It calls on member states to use more bicycles. Many bicycle and environmental protection groups
have supported the decision. “It is an important step toward the concept of cycling as an important mode of
transport,” said the European Cyclists’ Federation.
After the decision was made, many countries have done a lot to increase the use of bicycles. In May 2023,
bike sales in Spain increased 22-fold (22 倍) compared with 2022. That means more and more people in Spain
choose bikes as their travelling tools. In London, large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can
walk and cycle safely. And China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world, with more than 360
cities and nearly 20 million bicycles for about 47 million trips each day. It could surely be seen as a mark of China’s
bike-sharing success.
All in all, cycling is an environmentally friendly way to get around. Cycling instead of driving a car just once
a day can reduce a person’s carbon emissions (排放) from transport. If more people choose cycling, the world will be
a greener one.
1．What did the United Nations General Assembly call on member states to do in 2022?
A．Avoid driving cars in some cities.
B．Stop using weapons against each other.
C．Help some countries deal with climate change.
D．Use bicycles as a type of public transport more.
2．What does the underlined word “concept” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．idea B．organization C．review D．copy
3．Why are large parts of London being closed off to cars?
A．To keep the cars away from crowded places.
B．To prevent too much traffic during the rush hour.
C．To help driving become more popular in other cities.
D．To create a safe walking and cycling environment for people.
4．Which picture show the structure (结构) of the passage? (①=paragraph 1)
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A． B． C． D．
三、任务型阅读
70% of the earth’s surface is covered by water. However, only 3% of the water is fit for human use, and the rest
is frozen or salty. According to a report by WWF, water shortage (短缺) influences nearly 27% of the world’s
population.
Many reasons cause water shortage. The first is climate (气候) change. The heat caused by climate change leads
to water drying out. The next is water pollution, which makes the limited water unsafe for using. What’s more, the
growing population makes the situation worse. In the last 50 years, the human population has more than doubled,
and today 41% of world’s population is badly in need of water.
So, what are the results of water shortage? Firstly, people lack enough water to drink, which does harm to their
lives and health. Besides, water shortage brings about hunger. Plants can not grow when there is not enough water.
As a result, there is less food for people.
Therefore, it’s time to take action. Here are three ways for us to save water in daily life. First, take shorter
showers. Save a minute or two of your shower time. Millions of people doing even the little things makes a
difference. Second, check your taps (水龙头). If you forget to turn off a tap, all those wasted drops add up—
sometimes 5,300 litres of water a year. Third, reuse water. Collect water after washing vegetables and pour it on your
plants.
1
reasons 2
growing population
lacking drinking water
water shortage 3
hunger
take shorter showers
4 check your taps
5
四、短文填空
A
根据下面短文内容或所给单词的首字母，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In April 2024, an earthquake happened in Taiwan Province. Earthquakes often happen, but many people have
no 1 about what to do before, during and after an earthquake. To keep you safe, here is some advice.
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An earthquake usually happens in a short time and can be very serious, so it is n 2 to prepare yourself and
your family for it. Make sure all family members know 3 to turn off gas (天然气), water and electricity. They
should also know some important telephone 4 like 120 and 119.
During an earthquake, keeping calm is important. If you are indoors, move to a safe place in the room quickly,
for example, 5 a strong desk or table. By doing this, you can save yourself when something 6 down from
higher places. Remember to stay away from windows or heavy pictures. If you are cooking, turn off the gas at once.
If you are outdoors, move to a clear area like a playground. Get away from buildings, bridges and trees. If you are
driving, 7 the car as soon as possible and then just stay inside. Don’t try to drive through an active earthquake.
After an earthquake, don’t run out of the building at once. You’d better stay in your safe place 8 the
shaking stops for 1 or 2 minutes. Make sure if there is anybody else around you, then help the people who are in
need.
B
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（1个或几个单词），使
句子通顺、正确。
Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away
water 1 (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 2 rain
can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the
oceans 3 hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very 4 (danger) to sea animals.
One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 5 (tell) people about the problems in the oceans.
First, they take the garbage from 6 beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 7 (final), they work with the plastic
pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物).
Washed Ashore has 8 (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of them are now traveling in
a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash.
In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 9 (be) food,
eat it, and they get very sick or even die.
This would not happen 10 people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the
ocean.
五、书面表达
A
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4月22日是地球保护日，为了号召更多的人加入保护环境的行列，学校的英语俱乐部征文保护环境倡
议书。请你写一篇短文，介绍一下作为青少年我们应该如何保护环境并且号召更多的人加入进来。
写作要点：
1.每周帮忙打扫一次公园或学校；
2.在日常生活中节约用水；
3.乘坐公交车、骑自行车或步行上学；
4.至少补充两点环保措施。
注意：
1.词数80-100，已经给出的部分不计入总词数；
2.演讲稿必须包括所有要点，可以适当发挥，使其连贯、通顺；
3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名等相关信息。
Dear friends,
As we all know April is World Earth Day. As teenagers, there are a lot of things we can do to protect the
environment.
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B
动物是人类的好朋友，可是近年来由于森林砍伐及人类需求，越来越多的野生动物面临灭绝的危险。
为提高人们的动物保护意识，《英语青年报》正举行以“Let’s Protect Wild Animals”为题的英语征文竞赛。
请根据以下内容提示，写一篇英语短文，简要分析野生动物减少的原因，提出保护野生动物的措施，参加
此次征文比赛。
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要求如下：
(1) 短文必须包含提示中的所有要点，可适当发挥；
(2) 注意书写工整、语句通顺、句意连贯；
(3) 80词左右（标题和开头都已给出，不计入总词数）；
(4) 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
Let’s Protect Wild Animals
As we all know, animals are people’s friends.
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