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中考时文阅读练习 09
中考时文阅读练习----保护考拉，刻不容缓！
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：动物
语篇类型：说明文
词数：260
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30 percent of its koalas over the
past three years. The non-profit(非营利) group says droughts(干旱)，wildfires and development projects
played a part in the drop in the koala population. They are strongly advising the government to do more
to protect the animal's environment.
The group guesses the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than80,000
in 2018. The biggest decrease is in the state of New South Wales, where the number of koalas has
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dropped by 41 percent. Deborah Tabart, leader of the Australian Koala Foundation, called the drop
“quite dramatic ”.Only one area in the study is thought to have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas are
believed to have as few as five or ten.
Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law. She added, “What we worry about is places like
western New South Wales where droughts have lasted for over ten years. Now, the effect is beginning to
show up—river systems completely dry and red gum trees(红桉树)，which are the lifeblood of
koalas,are dead.”
The loss in New South Wales likely sped up after large forest areas were destroyed(毁坏) by wildfires in
late 2019 and early 2020. Some of those areas already had no koalas. Land clearing by building
developers and road builders has also destroyed the koala's environment.
“I think everyone gets it, and we've got to change.But if those building-machines keep working, then I
really fear for the koalas,”Tabart said.
1.What did the group advise the government to do?
A. Save koalas from dying out.
B. Stop all development projects.
C. Put out the wildfire immediately.
D. Provide enough water for koalas.
2.What does the underlined word“dramatic”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Exciting. B. Surprising.C. Relaxing. D. Interesting.
3.How does the writer tell us about koalas' situation in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questions.
D. By analyzing facts.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to Tabart?
A. New South Wales is the only place they care about.
B. The rivers and red gum trees are influenced by the koalas.
C. Australia needs to make a law to protect the koalas.
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D. Everyone understands that building- machines should stop working.
5.What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Some are hunting koalas in Australia.
B. Koalas in Australia are in great danger.
C. Development has put koalas in danger.
D. Everyone should take actions to protect Koalas.
【译文】
澳大利亚考拉基金会表示，在过去的三年间，澳大利亚失去了约30%的考拉。该非营利组织
表示，干旱、野火和开发项目是考拉数量减少的一部分原因。他们强烈建议政府采取更多的措施来保
护考拉的生存环境。
该组织估计，考拉的数量已经由2018年的8万多只减少到今年的不足 5.8万只。减少幅度最大的是
新南威尔士州，那里的考拉数量减少了 41%。Deborah Tabart是澳大利亚考拉基金会的主席，她称这
种减少“非常令人吃惊”。研究发现只有一个地区被认为有超过5000只的考拉。据信一些地区只有5
或10只考拉了。
Tabart表示，该国需要制定一部考拉保护法。她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已
经干旱了10多年的地方。现在，干旱的影响已经开始逐步显现——河流系统完全干涸，考拉赖以生存
的红桉树也枯死了。”
在大面积的森林地区于2019年底和2020年初被野火毁坏后，新南威尔士州的损失可能更加严重了。
其中有些地区早已没有考拉了。建筑开发商和道路建设者进行的土地清理也毁坏了考拉的生存环境。
Tabart说：“我想每个人都知道这个情况，而且我们必须做出改变。但如果这些建筑机器继续工作，
那我真的很为考拉担心。”
【语篇解读】
澳大利亚是考拉的故乡，但是近三年考拉数量急剧下降，它们的命运着实让人担忧。有关组织呼吁政
府尽快采取措施来保护考拉。
【答案详析】
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30
percent of its koalas over the past three years.”和最后一句“They are strongly advising the government
to do more to protect the animal's environment.”可知，在过去三年间，澳大利亚失去了大约30%的考拉.
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这个组织强烈建议政府采取更多措施保护它们的环境。由此可知，这个组织建议政府采取措施来保护
考拉，防止它们灭绝。
2.B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the number of koalas has dropped by 41 percent"可知，考拉数量减
少了41%，这个速度是十分惊人的，故surprising与画线词意思相近。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from
more than 80.000 in 2018”“the number of koalas has dropped by 41 percent" 及“Only one area...have
more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas are believed to have as few as five or ten.”可知，作者通过列举一些
数据来说明考拉目前的状况。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law.”可知，
Tabart认为澳大利亚需要制定法律来保护考拉。
5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章一开始指出澳大利亚的考拉在过去三年里数量急剧下降，接下来
通过列举数据的方法指出考拉目前的状况不容乐观，故B项“澳大利亚考拉处境危险”可概括文章大
意。
【长难句分析】
原句：（第三段第二句）She added，“What we worry about is places like western New South Wales
where droughts have lasted for over ten years...”
译文：她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已经干旱了十多年的地方··……”
分析：引号内是一个复合句。What we worry about为what引导的主语从句，作整个句子的主语；
where droughts have lasted for over ten years为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词western
New South Wales。
中考时文阅读练习----海姆利克急救法
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：急救
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：238
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：8分钟
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A boy helped save the life of his friend from choking(噎) in the dining hall at school while
having their lunch there. A video of the incident(事故) has been watched by many people online.
In the video.freshman Jackson just got a seat and ate his chicken sandwich. Suddenly the food stuck(卡
住) in his throat and he hiccuped(打嗝). Hunter Olsen sat across from Jackson. He thought
that Jackson was just joking and laughed at it along with his friends.
But soon it became clear that Jackson was really choking and tried to cough the food out. He pointed
to his throat to tell Hunter that he was not playing. Hunter realized that he had to "do something”and used
the Heimlich maneuver(海姆立克急救法).Finally,with Hunter's help,Jackson coughed the food out and
could breathe again.
Ms. Howa,who had taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health class, said she couldn't
believe her ears when she heard what had happened. But she was over the moon to know how her student
put what she had taught into practice . She was so proud of Hunter.
Hunter said at that time he hadn't paid much attention to Ms. Howa's class, but that her great
teaching had helped him know what to do when needed. Then he said, "I just thought that doing
something was better than doing nothing."
1.Why did Hunter laugh with his friends?
A.Because his friends were telling jokes.
B.Because he saw the food stuck in Jackson's throat.
C. Because he thought Jackson was fooling.
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D.Because Jackson looked very funny when he hiccuped.
2.When did Hunter realize Jackson was really choking?
A. When he just sat down with his friends.
B. When Jackson started to hiccup
C. When his friends began to laugh.
D.When Jackson pointed to his throat.
3. How do you understand the underlined sentence?
A. Ms. Howa went over to see what had happened.
B. Ms. Howa felt happy with what Hunter had done.
C. Ms. Howa didn't believe Hunter had saved Jackson.
D. Ms. Howa wanted to know how Hunter saved Jackson.
4.What did Hunter think of Ms. Howa's health class before the incident?
A.It was very important.
B.It was not very useful.
C. It was very interesting.
D. It was too difficult.
5. The writer wrote the passage to______.
A.tell a story that a boy save his friend
B. introduce what the Heimlic maneuver is
C. warn us not to play jokes whi having a meal
D. teach how to use the Heimlich maneuver
【译文】
在学校食堂吃午饭时，一个男生救了他被噎到的朋友。很多人在网上看到了事故的视频。
视频中，大一新生Jackson刚找到座位，吃着他的鸡肉三明治。突然，食物卡住了Jackson的喉咙，
他开始打嗝。Hunter Olsen 坐在 Jackson 对面。他以为Jackson只是在开玩笑，便和身边的朋友们一
起为此笑了起来。
但事情很快就明了了，Jackson是真的被噎住了，他试图把食物咳出来。Jackson指着自己的喉咙向
Hunter证明他不是在表演。Hunter意识到自己必须“做点什么”，于是他马上实施了海姆立克急救法。
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终于，在 Hunter 的帮助下，Jackson咳出了食物，又可以呼吸了。
Howa 老师在健康课上教过他们海姆立克急救法。她说当她得知发生的事情时，她简直不敢相信自
己的耳朵。但当了解学生将她所传授的东西付诸实践后，她非常开心。她为Hunter感到非常骄傲。
Hunter称，当时，他没有特别关注Howa老师的课，但Howa老师出色的教学让他知道了在需要出
现时该如何应对。他接着说：“我当时只觉得做点什么比什么都不做要好。”
【语篇解读】
Jackson正在餐厅吃饭，突然被噎住了。他的朋友们一开始都认为他在恶作剧，后来Hunter及时反应
了过来，并用海姆立克急救法救了Jackson。
【答案详析】
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He thought that Jackson was just joking and laughed at it along
with his friends.”可知，Hunter和朋友们一起大笑是因为他认为Jackson在和他们开玩笑。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He pointed to his throat to tell Hunter that he was not
playing.Hunter realized that he had to‘do something' and used the Heimlich maneuver.'可知，当Jackson
指着自己的喉咙时，Hunter意识到他真的被食物噎住了。
3.B推理判断题。根据画线句以及下一句“She was so proud of Hunter.”可知.Hunter用Howa老师教的
方法救了别人，Howa 老师为他感到骄傲，内心应该很高兴。over the moon意为“欣喜若狂”。
4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hunter said at that time he hadn't paid much attention to
Ms.Howa's class"可知，当时Hunter 没有过多关注Howa老师的课程，故判断他当时认为Howa老师的
课程不是很实用。
5. A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个男孩救了自己的朋友的故事。
【长难句分析】
原句：(倒数第二段第一句)Ms.Howa, who had taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health
class, said she couldn't believe her ears when she heard what had happened.
译文：Howa老师在健康课上教过他们海姆立克急救法，她说当她听到发生的事情时，她简直不敢相信
自己的耳朵。
分析：这是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，对 Ms. Howa进行补充说明；
she couldn't...what had happened 为省略了that的宾语从句，作said的宾语。在该宾语从句中，
when...happened为when引导的时间状语从句：该状语从句中还包含一个what引导的宾语从句，作
heard的宾语。
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中考时文阅读练习----机器尾巴或帮助老人保持平衡
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：发明与技术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：194
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：8分钟
It's known that most animals have tails. But why don't humans have them? Well, millions of years
ago, humans did have tails, but we slowly lost them.However,a team has built a robotic tail for old people
to help them keep their balance(平衡).
The tail is one meter long. People can wear it around their waist(腰).“The tail works like a pendulum on
the clock,"said a scientist from the tail's development team.When the body leans(倾斜) one way, the tail
moves in a different direction.The robotic tail works like a seahorse's tail.It has a set of plastic
vertebrae(塑料椎骨)to make it move easily. Users can take some of its parts out to make the tail lighter.
There are a growing number of old people around the world. Some of them will lose their balance and
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can't walk well because of their ages. This tail can help them get around more easily. The development
team is also looking at other possible uses for the tail. It could help workers keep their balance while they
are carrying heavy things. It could also give gamers a better experience when they play VR(虚拟现实）
games.
1.What can the robotic tail help old people do?
A. Keep their balance. B. Carry things. C. Walk fast. D. Exercise.
2.What's the meaning of the underlined word “pendulum"in Chinese?
A.指针 B. 表盘 C.发条 D. 钟摆
3. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following are TRUE about the robotic tail?
a. It is one meter long.
b. People can make it lighter.
c.It moves in the same direction as our body.
d. It works like a seahorse's tail.
A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bed
4.Who may not use the tail?
A. John, 6 months old, who cannot walk.
B. Daisy, 65 years old, who cannot walk well by herself.
C. Thomas, 20 years old, who likes playing VR games.
D. Eden,31 years old,a worker,who often carries heavy things.
5.The passage mainly talks about_____.
A. animals' tails
B.the importance of keeping balance
C.the robotic tail for humans
D. the importance of helping old people
【译文】
众所周知，大多数动物都有尾巴，但为什么人类没有呢？其实，数百万年前，人类确实有尾巴，
但我们渐渐失去了它们。然而，为帮助老年人保持平衡，一个团队为他们制造了一种机械尾巴。
这个尾巴一米长。人们可以把它戴在腰间。“这个尾巴像钟表上的钟摆一样。”尾巴研发团队的一位
科学家说。当身体朝一个方向倾斜时，这条尾巴朝着不同的方向移动。机械尾巴的工作原理和海马的
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尾巴类似。它有一套塑料椎骨，这使它可以轻松地移动。用户可以取出一部分来使尾巴更轻便。
世界上的老年人越来越多。他们中的一些人会因为年纪大而失去平衡，走路不稳。这种尾巴可以帮助
他们行动更方便。研发团队还在研究机械尾巴其他可能的用途。它可以帮助工人在搬运重物时保持平
衡，还可以让游戏玩家在玩虚拟现实游戏时获得更好的体验。
【语篇解读】
为了帮助老年人更好地保持身体平衡，科学家发明了一种机械尾巴。本文主要介绍了机械尾巴的工作
原理及用途。
【答案详析】
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However,a team has built a robotic tail for old people to help
them keep their balance.”可知，机械尾巴可以帮助老人保持平衡。
2.D 词义猜测题。根据上文可知，机械尾巴可以帮助老人保持平衡；再结合画线词所在句的下一句
“When the body leans one way, the tail moves in a different direction.”可知，当身体朝一个方向倾斜时，
这条尾巴朝着不同的方向移动。由此可知，机械尾巴通过来回摆动来帮助人保持平衡，故推测它就像
钟表上的钟摆一样。pendulum意为“钟摆”。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The tail is one meter long.”可知，机械尾巴有一米长；根据第二
段中的“The robotic tail works like a seahorse's tail.”可知，机械尾巴的工作原理和海马的尾巴类似；
根据第二段最后两句“It has a set of plastic vertebrae... make the tail lighter.”可知，机械尾巴由一套塑
料椎骨组装而成，用户可以取出一部分来使它更轻便。故abd正确。
4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，机械尾巴可以帮助那些行动不便的老人、搬运重物的工人
和玩虚拟现实游戏的玩家。结合选项可知，A项“不会走路的6个月大的John”不是机械尾巴的帮助对
象。
5.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种给人类使用的机械尾巴，包括它的工作原理及用
途，故C项“给人类使用的机械尾巴”符合文章主旨。
【长难句分析】
原句：(最后一段最后一句)It could also give分析：本句是一个复合句。when they play VR games为
when引导的时间状语从句。gamers a better experience when they play VR games.
译文：它还可以让玩家在玩虚拟现实游戏时获得更好的体验。
分析：本句是一个复合句。when they play VR games为when引导的时间状语从句。
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