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必修一 Unit 2 Travelling Around 单元培优综合测试卷
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·浙江绍兴·三模）Best of Nashville TN Vacation
Enjoy the best of this unique city with the Best of Nashville TN Vacation package. This package allows you to
experience hand-picked activities that will help you to have a truly memorable Music City adventure.Package
Includes
● 5 Nights’ Accommodations in your choice of over 46 hotels
● Discover Nashville Tour
● Grand Ole Opry at Opry House Preferred Seating
● General Jackson Showboat Evening Dinner CruiseAbout the Included Discover Nashville Tour
See all of the most exciting attractions in Nashville with the incredible Discover Nashville Tour. This tour will give
you views of historic downtown, the Tennessee state capital, the Parthenon and many other wonderful attractions.
This tour also includes admission to the legendary Ryman Auditorium where the tradition of the Grand Ole Opry
began as well as admission to the huge Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum.About the Included Grand Ole
Opry at Opry House
Guests will also be able to attend the most famous country music show in the world with Grand Ole Opry Tickets!
Head to the Opry House to see some of legendary stars in the country. You never know who you may get to see!
This package includes Preferred Seating.About the Included General Jackson Showboat Cruise
Experience one of the most beloved activities in Nashville, TN with tickets on the General Jackson. Climb aboard
this fantastic showboat and set off for an evening of great entertainment, sightseeing, and delicious food. Enjoy
some of the most beautiful landmarks in Nashville and glimpse the skyline from the water. It’s sure to be an
awesome addition to your journey!About the Included Lodging
Visitors on this vacation will also be able to choose which lodging option best suits their needs. Whether
they wish to stay in a budget-friendly hotel that will fit the entire family or would like a more peaceful suite in a
resort hotel, there are options for everyone. The package includes five nights of lodging.
Experience the best of the best of Nashville’s finest attractions, cruises, and more! You and your loved ones
are bound to have an awesome time with these fun activities and five nights of lodging.1．What is NOT included in the Best of Nashville TN Vacation package?
A．Meeting superstars of the country. B．Learning the history of the state capital.
C．Appreciating the scenery on the showboat. D．Enjoying the most famous country music show.
2．What is true about the included lodging according to the passage?
A．The lodging option is fixed. B．A wide choice of hotels are offered.
C．The hotels to be selected are luxurious. D．Extra expenses are needed for accommodations.
3．What is the passage probably taken from?
A．A travel journal. B．A textbook.
C．An advertising page. D．A news report.
B
（2024·安徽合肥·三模）At the beginning of graduate school, I knew that if I wanted to get tenure (长期聘
用), I had to be productive. However, when my first three papers were rejected by major journals, a leading expert
told me my projects were hopeless, and I wondered if I should drop out.
We all get rejected at work, whether it’s having our suggestions shot down or getting fired from a job. It
causes pain. Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) have scanned the brains of people who have cruelly been excluded
from an online game. The physiological (生理学的) response looks fairly similar to processing physical pain.
Apparently, this was adaptive in our evolutionary past. If rejection didn’t hurt, you might have been perfectly
comfortable leaving your tribe, which would not be good for your survival. But it’s left us nervous and likely to
overreact to everyday rejections. If you’ve ever given a presentation and felt upset by the one unfriendly face in a
room full of smiles, you know what I mean.
That’s the bad news. The good news is that we can learn to accept rejection calmly. “When you’re insecure
in one, you rely on the other one that’s doing better at that time. Pliability (柔韧性) is the definition of strength,”
said filmmaker M. Night Shyamalan.
When my work got rejected early in my academic career, pliability became my source of strength. My
identity as a researcher was under threat, but that wasn’t what had drawn me to graduate school in the first place. I
had another, stronger identity: I wanted to be a teacher. However, I hadn’t had the chance: The first two years of my
program were supposed to focus entirely on research.
I realized that if I wanted to bounce back from the research rejections, I had to find a way to teach. I
convinced an adviser to sign off on independent study projects for a group of students, and I started meeting with
them weekly to teach my own little class. The conversations with the students gave rise to my first two majorpapers, which gave me a head start toward tenure.
4．What was the author’s reaction to the leading expert’s words?
A．He took his advice. B．He felt discouraged.
C．He paid no attention. D．He consulted another expert.
5．What have neuroscientists found out?
A．Rejection really hurts.
B．Rejection is important to survival.
C．People tend to overreact to rejection.
D．Physical pain grows because of rejection.
6．What does the author advise us to do when facing rejection?
A．Find out the reasons behind it.
B．Forgive those who reject us.
C．Turn to our stronger identity.
D．Learn a lesson from past failures.
7．What happened to the author at last?
A．He left graduate school.
B．He turned into a middle school teacher.
C．He worked on practicing his physical pliability.
D．He accomplished some research work successfully.
C
（2024·重庆·三模）In Oceanside, a coastal suburb about 40 miles north of San Diego, the palm trees wave
and the temperature is almost perfect. Teenagers watch surfers ride glassy waves. Every day it feels like the most
perfect summer day. There is just one problem: The sand is disappearing.
While many visitors, and even lifelong Californians in the industrial state, might see wide areas of sand as
part of the state’s natural beauty, the reality is that over decades, the coast has become a highly engineered wonder.
Millions of cubic yards of sand dug from other parts has been added in the last century to build the postcard-worthy
beach like the one in Santa Monica.
But a range of forces have shrunk beaches all along California’s coastline. California could lose as much as
75% of its beaches by 2100, given the sea level rise related to climate change. Over time, beach sand gets s wept up
into the water. Some of it moves towards other beaches. Besides, dams and concrete canals have reduced the
amount of river sediment (沉淀物) flowing downstream that could help fill beaches as a supplement (补充). If theshoreline were allowed to evolve without human intervention, the beaches could continue to exist as we know
them. But in California, the development in many places along the coast has created a hard barrier, disturbing that
natural evolution.
Over the years, local governments worked together on a few major sand supplement projects. But those, still,
have proved to be fleeting solutions. “Everything we do is a short-term fix,” said Gary Griggers, a professor
specializing in coastal science. In recent years, as the sand’s disappearance grew more extreme, longtime Oceanside
residents formed an organization called Save Oceanside Sand. A beach town cannot exist without a beach. Leaders
here launched some international design competitions, aiming at finding new ways of getting and keeping sand on
the city’s beaches.
“It’s really a race. I think there’s absolutely nothing we can do to hold back the Pacific Ocean,” said Gairy
Griggers.
8．What does the author mean by mentioning the engineered wonder?
A．Most visitors are engineers. B．California is an industrial state.
C．It’s the perfect holiday vacation. D．The beach is artificially maintained.
9．What is a reason for the crisis of beaches along California’s coastline?
A．Sand supplement has been added. B．Sea level rise results in climate change.
C．Much river sediment is flowing downstream. D．Human intervention blocks the natural evolution.
10．What does the underlined word “fleeting” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Efficient. B．Temporary. C．Sustainable. D．Complex.
11．Which of the following was done to preserve Californian beaches?
A．Design contests were held. B．Dams and canals were built.
C．Man-made beaches were expanded. D．Sand-themed postcards were published.
D
（2024·山西·模拟预测）A team of scientists from the Center for Cognition and Sociality and the Data
Science Group at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) made an exciting discovery about how computers and human
brains work similarly when remembering things. They found out that the way artificial intelligence (AI) models,
like those in smart robots, store memories is a lot like how our brain’s memory center, called the hippocampus (海
马体), does it. This part of the brain is really important for feelings and memories.
Understanding how AI learns and keeps information is key to making it smarter. The scientists looked into
how our brains learn and remember by focusing on a special process involving the NMDA receptor, a critical partof the hippocampus. This receptor works like a smart door in our brain that helps with learning and remembering. It
opens when certain brain chemicals are present, allowing the cell to receive signals and create memories. A specific
element, magnesium, acts like a guard, only letting substances in under the right conditions.
Interestingly, the team found that Transformer, a type of AI model, uses a similar “guarding” method to
manage its memory. They wondered if they could make the Transformer’s memory better by copying the brain’s
process. By adjusting some settings in the Transformer to mimic (模拟、模仿) the brain’s memory door, they
improved its ability to remember things long-term, just like adjusting magnesium levels can affect how well we
remember stuff.
This discovery is a big deal because it shows we can use what we know about the brain to make AI smarter.
C． Justin LEE, a neuroscience (神经学) director at the institute, mentioned that this research was a big step
forward for both AI and brain science. It opens up new ways to understand how the brain works and to create more
advanced AI based on these insights.
So, in simple terms, scientists have figured out that computers can learn and remember in ways that are
surprisingly similar to us, which could help make them even smarter in the future.
12．What does the term “NMDA receptor” in paragraph 2 most likely refer to?
A．A type of computer virus that attacks AI systems.
B．A new technology for making computers run faster.
C．A component in AI models that predicts future events.
D．A part of the human brain involved in learning and memory.
13．What did the team discover about Transformer?
A．It directly mimics the brain’s memory process.
B．It is unaffected by changes in memory settings.
C．It uses a special method to manage memory.
D．It requires adjustments to enhance long-term memory.
14．What is the significance of the research findings according to C． Justin LEE?
A．It is a new approach to memory organization.
B．It is a crucial step in advancing AI and neuroscience.
C．It is a method for improving short-term memory in AI.
D．It is a breakthrough in understanding AI emotional processing.
15．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Exploring the NMDA receptor in the brain.B．Discussing implications of neuroscience for AI.
C．Comparing computer and human memory processes.
D．Discovering similarities between AI and human memory.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·河南·模拟预测）How to Create the Perfect Spring Planter
Spring containers are an easy solution for jazzing up a colorless balcony and boring corners of any garden at
this time of year. 16
Choosing the right container is important. Always think about the style of your garden. 17
They are solid pots for spring as they don’t blow over in those early spring winds. Check that the pot has a large
drainage (排水) hole to ensure that the soil drains well, but always cover it with a crock (like a piece from a broken
flower planter) so that the soil doesn’t block the hole and create problems with drainage later down the line.
Choosing the right compost (堆肥) is the key to the success of any planting. I think it’s best to use soil-based
compost so that the soil does not become too heavy or waterlogged, especially in spring when we could have plenty
of showers. 18 And too much water in the soil will freeze, preventing the plants from taking up the
vital water.
Plant combinations are important, so always think about mixes which will last as well as annual and
perennial (多年生的) ones. 19 A bunch of pots forces the eye to look around and take in each pot
and plant combination. A nice option is planting summer flowers like Dahlia or Lily to create a summer impact.
20 It can be achieved by using tall plants. If you don’t have a tall plant then you can always raise
your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest
and drama.
A pleasant smell is always a lovely addition to a space as well as wildlife. Select the right plant for your
location in your garden－sun or shade-loving.
A．I like good, weighty planters.
B．It can still be frosty right up to May.
C．And besides, they are so easy to care for.
D．I also like to group pots together in different sizes.
E．Capitalize on those variations to help choose companions.
F．You may find some of these plants in smaller pots or even multi-packs.G．Height is important to think about when you’re designing your arrangement.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·重庆·三模）Juleus Ghunta is a published children’s author and award-winning poet. But when
young, he could 21 read.
He grew up with his three sisters in rural Western Jamaica, raised by their single mother. Life was tough, and
proper schooling was out of the question due to 22 resources.
When Ghunta finally went to school, he couldn’t 23 on reading. Not only had he been kept home
from school as a child, but he had not been 24 to books.
By sixth grade, he could spell his name, but still couldn’t make out words or read with 25 . He
struggled in school with a deep sense of 26 and worthlessness.
At age 12, a young teacher-in-training 27 a special reading program for 28 students.
Ghunta was the first to join. That teacher, whose name he does not 29 now, became Ghunta’s unsung
hero — the person who changed his life.
The teacher was incredibly kind to him. Under her guidance, Ghunta’s reading skills saw marked
improvement, and his sense of inadequacy began to 30 .
“She had left me with the gift of literacy,” he said. “And a deeper 31 of my talent.”
After Ghunta’s experience with the teacher, his life course 32 . He graduated with academic 33
and is now the author of two children’s books, including “Rohan Bullkin and the Shadows.”
Years later, Ghunta returned to his old school and asked the principal and teachers if they knew her 34
, but none did. Carrying this memory, however, he still hopes to find and thank her for seeing his 35 and
being a source of light and hope in his life.
21．A．merely B．barely C．totally D．simply
22．A．abundant B．public C．limited D．financial
23．A．give up B．fall behind C．miss out D．catch up
24．A．exposed B．drawn C．adapted D．devoted
25．A．reference B．hesitation C．caution D．understanding
26．A．awe B．loss C．guilt D．wonder
27．A．started B．submitted C．downloaded D．forwarded
28．A．disappointing B．struggling C．advanced D．qualified29．A．type B．spell C．distinguish D．recall
30．A．disappear B．peak C．form D．spread
31．A．appreciation B．waste C．memory D．source
32．A．risked B．approached C．shifted D．determined
33．A．skills B．honors C．courses D．efforts
34．A．occupation. B．identity C．age D．name
35．A．drawback B．reflection C．potential D．ambition
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·安徽芜湖·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds is the 36
(eight) solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from grain are becoming full but are not ripe. The 24 solar terms
37 (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful
today to guide people’s lives through special foods, 38 (culture) ceremonies, gardening and even healthy
living tips that correspond 39 each solar term. During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about
to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full". Because of the
great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimp big and fat. This is a good time 40
(eat) fish and shrimp. It is also 41 harvest season for fishermen. A Chinese farmer proverb says,
“Mulberries become black during the Grain Buds period”. Thus it is a good season to eat mulberries. This time is a
good period for the quick 42 (grow) of flowers. It is also a season 43 plant diseases and pests are at
an all-time high. High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in
temperature over this season may also give rise to nettle rash, sweat spots and other skin 44 (disease) . It is
also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, 45 (jog) and practicing
Tai Chi are popular.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2024·广东肇庆·三模）假定你是学生会主席李华，英国某中学的部分师生即将访问你校，并体验校园传
统文化节活动。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，主要内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎； 2. 活动介绍； 3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear visiting guests,____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
第二节 (满分25分)
（2024·河南·模拟预测）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
This…was turning out to be a strange meeting. Though the one in black doesn’t know it, the one white is
beginning to share the darker girl’s lack of enthusiasm. Like a fire in a sudden chill wind, her hope flickers and
wanes. Now she grows uncomfortable, anxious, and wary. A slight but unshakable atmosphere drifts between them,
one that feels unmistakably off. To her, it seems as though their very meeting is something the world finds to be
simply…“wrong”. The ever-present glass, now scattered unevenly throughout and above the broken grounds,
reflects that strange feeling.
Ordinarily, these shards would flock to them without their bidding：“happiness”to the girl in white,
“tragedies” to the girl in black. Right now, every piece of glass in the air stands still. Perhaps half a hundred mirrors
are quietly
suspended around the girls, half-catching images of the empty place that surrounds them. When the girl in
white tries to call out to them, they will not even waver. It unsettles her：happiness placed beside horror, equally
glinting and equally motionless. The only piece that will follow her is the one she can hold—the one that set her
free.
She stares hard at the shadow girl.“If we’re in this together, ”she begins, leaning forward, “then what do you
think about staying together?We…We could help each other, and maybe…”
She stops. The other girl is staring into the empty, canvas-like sky with a blank and uninformative
expression. She doesn’t seem to be listening, but in truth she has followed every word.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:“Maybe…”the dark girl echoes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
And the remnant of the girl she used to be, the Tairitsu who had first woken up in this world, rebelled against
the prospect of “the end”—against the idea of giving up.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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