文档内容
必修三 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 单元培优综合测试卷
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·河北沧州·三模）Some cities across the world are well-known tourist destinations and manage to
attract most of the global tourists. Whatever the reason is, there is no doubt that they are the world’s most popular
tourist destinations.
Kuala Lumpur
The capital of Malaysia serves as the base for tourists visiting Malaysia. The city has a modern skyline that is
dominated by the world’s tallest twin buildings, the Petronas Twin Towers. Tourist love the city as it has numerous
great sights and attractions. Besides, there are simply too many choices when it comes to dining options.
Istanbul
As Turkey’s capital and most populous city, the city’s location has attracted a large number of empires and
conquerors in the past. Today, the city serves as one of the top tourist destinations in the world and is regarded as
the cultural and historical center of Turkey.
London
The biggest and capital city of the United Kingdom, located on the banks of the Thames River, has a rich
history and culture that makes it one of the most visited cities in the world. The city’s museums have rich
collections of historic and prehistoric artifacts and buildings that display a great diversity of architectural styles
from the past to the present.
Bangkok
Thailand’s largest and capital city is located in the Chao Phraya River delta in the country, serving as the
main gateway for international tourists entering Thailand. The attractions, urban life and rich culture make it a
favorite among tourists seeking entertainment at a reasonable price. The nightlife of Bangkok attracts young
tourists from across the world.
1．What makes Kuala Lumpur unique?
A．The modern sights and attractions. B．The world’s tallest twin buildings.
C．The largest number of tourists. D．The numerous dining halls.
2．What do Istanbul and London have in common?A．They show different buildings to the tourists. B．They are the biggest city in their own country.
C．They are the cities most popular with tourists. D．They have the longest history in the world.
3．Which city is recommended for money-saving travel?
A．Kuala Lumpur. B．Istanbul. C．London. D．Bangkok.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界著名的旅游城市及它们各自的特色。
1．细节理解题。根据Kuala Lumpur部分中“The city has a modern skyline that is dominated by the world’s
tallest twin buildings, the Petronas Twin Towers.(这座城市拥有现代化的天际线，由世界上最高的石油双子塔
主宰)”可知，双塔是吉隆坡的标志性建筑。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Istanbul部分中“Today, the city serves as one of the top tourist destinations in the world
and is regarded as the cultural and historical center of Turkey.(今天，这座城市是世界上最热门的旅游目的地之
一，被认为是土耳其的文化和历史中心)”和 London部分中“The biggest and capital city of the United
Kingdom, located on the banks of the Thames River, has a rich history and culture that makes it one of the most
visited cities in the world.(伦敦是英国最大的首都，位于泰晤士河畔，拥有丰富的历史和文化，使其成为世
界上访问量最大的城市之一)”可知，二者都是最受游客欢迎的城市。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据Bangkok部分中“The attractions, urban life and rich culture make it a favorite among
tourists seeking entertainment at a reasonable price.(这里的景点、城市生活和丰富的文化使它成为寻求以合理
价格娱乐的游客的最爱)”可知，在曼谷旅游更省钱。故选D。
B
（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）When Mark Twain visited Florence (佛罗伦萨) in 1867, he dutifully visited
the city’s museums, churches, and tombs. But as he stood by the Arno, he began to sense the Italians’ insistence that
it was a river, not a stream. “They all call it a river, and they honestly think it is a river, do these dark and bloody
Florentines,” he complained, “I might enter Florence under happier circumstances a month hence and find it all
beautiful, all attractive. But I do not care to think of it now, at all.”
It’s normal to feel uncomfortable outside your home culture. Feelings of discomfort, dislocation, and
overload among travelers are referred to by many as “culture shock.” But Susan Goldstein, a professor at the
University of Redlands says, “Though the term has existed for many years, ‘Culture shock’ implies a
dramatic,unexpected, negative event. Though many travelers will experience such challenges, a real sense of
‘shock’ is untypical. So untypical that many researchers no longer use the term.”
It was the vivid description of culture shock by Canadian researcher Oberg, written in 1960 in response tohis own multicultural experiences, that won over audiences. The researcher spoke of the adjustment process as “an
occupational disease of people who have suddenly been transplanted abroad” — a “disease” that progressed from a
honeymoon phase, through rejecting the new environment, to finally adjusting fully to it. By the 1970s many
researchers adopted the idea that, like physical illnesses, culture shock progressed through a remarkably consistent
and universal set of stages.
Modern research, however, suggests that the experiences of adaptation are individual, not universal. “People
will have their ups and downs, but for the most part, they will become increasingly comfortable and competent over
time,” Goldstein says. And while many connect the causes of culture shock to the host culture itself, an individual’s
internal expectations and differences are just as important.
As for Mark Twain, the moody author was able to ride out his feelings of upset and dislocation while
traveling. He eventually finished out his European tour - and in his bestselling travel memoir The Innocents
Abroad, famously remarked that travel is “fatal to prejudice and narrow-mindedness.” With the right attitude - and
the willingness to seek help if you need it - it’s more than likely that you, too, can adapt and grow in new settings,
building new memories-and toughness - with each new stamp in your passport.
4．How did Mark Twain feel about Italians’ insistence?
A．Annoyed. B．Calm. C．Uninterested. D．Curious.
5．What can be inferred about culture shock?
A．It would lead to physical diseases.
B．It was regarded as an avoidable thing.
C．It was named for people’s adjustment.
D．It had gained wide acceptance by the 1970s.
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Suggestions about culture shock.
B．A change in understanding culture shock.
C．Stress of the importance of culture shock.
D．A criticism of previous idea of culture shock.
7．Why is Mark Twain mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．To remember him. B．To inform and anticipate.
C．To conclude and encourage. D．To make the ending humorous.
【答案】4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨“文化冲击”的概念、人们对异国他乡适应过程的理解，以及通过
旅行获得成长和新的体验的可能性。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段““They all call it a river, and they honestly think it is a river, do these dark and
bloody Florentines,” he complained(“他们都说它是一条河，而且他们真的认为它是一条河，这些黑暗、血腥
的佛罗伦萨人就是这样认为的，”他抱怨道)”可知，Mark Twain对意大利人的坚持是生气的，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“By the 1970s many researchers adopted the idea that, like physical illnesses,
culture shock progressed through a remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.(到20世纪70年代，许多研
究人员接受了这样一种观点，即像身体疾病一样，文化冲击的发展经历了一系列非常一致和普遍的阶
段。)”可知，到20世纪70年代，文化冲击得到了广泛的接受。故选D。
6．主旨大意题。根据第四段“People will have their ups and downs, but for the most part, they will become
increasingly comfortable and competent over time(人们会有起起落落，但在大多数情况下，随着时间的推移，
他们会变得越来越舒适和胜任)”和“And while many connect the causes of culture shock to the host culture
itself, an individual’s internal expectations and differences are just as important.(虽然许多人将文化冲击的原因与
东道国文化本身联系起来，但个人的内在期望和差异也同样重要。)”可知，第四段的主要内容是对文化冲
击理解的改变。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He eventually finished out his European tour - and in his bestselling travel
memoir The Innocents Abroad, famously remarked that travel is “fatal to prejudice and narrow-mindedness.” With
the right attitude - and the willingness to seek help if you need it - it’s more than likely that you, too, can adapt and
grow in new settings, building new memories-and toughness - with each new stamp in your passport.(他最终结束
了他的欧洲之旅——在他最畅销的旅行回忆录The Innocents Abroad中，他有一句名言：旅行“对偏见和狭
隘是致命的”。有了正确的态度——以及在需要时寻求帮助的意愿——你也很有可能在新的环境中适应和
成长，在你护照上的每一个新印记上建立新的记忆和韧性。)”可知，最后一段提到Mark Twain的目的是为
了总结全文，鼓励读者采取正确的态度。故选C。
C
（2024·辽宁丹东·二模）Food waste across the globe continues to fuel climate change, nature loss and
pollution while hurting the global economy according to the UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2024, which says it is
important for countries to connect the fight against hunger and the three global crisis of climate change, pollution
and biodiversity loss.
The report, whose findings revealed that the total food loss on the global economy is estimated at roughly $1
trillion, emphasized that reducing food waste is an opportunity to reduce costs and tackle some of the biggestenvironmental and social issues of our time: climate change and food insecurity.
While making opening remarks at the conference that launched the report, Dechen Tsering, acting director of
the climate change division at the UNEP, said government polices, such as tax rebates (退税) and waste collection
fees, could be used to stimulate changes in business practices and consumer behavior. In addition, better data on the
cost of food waste and the environmental, economic, and social benefits of limiting food waste could help influence
investors and consumers.
According to the report, as of 2022, only 21 countries had included food loss and waste reduction in their
national climate plans, including China, Namibia, Sierra Leone, etc. Meanwhile, the number of people who are
food insecure and in urgent need of humanitarian assistance in the Greater Horn of Africa rose to 74 million at the
end of February, according to another report released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations and other agencies.
The international agencies said that the 2023 El Nino rains contributed to the rise in the number of people in
need of humanitarian assistance in the region. With wetter-than-normal conditions forecast in most parts of African
countries during the 2024 March-May rainfall season, the situation may not improve.
8．What does the Report 2024 indicate?
A．Food loss is the biggest problem to tackle.
B．Serious pollution can cause food insecurity.
C．Food waste worsens the environmental situation.
D．Many countries are cooperating to fight against hunger.
9．Which of the following may Dechen agree with?
A．Effective measures should be taken by government.
B．Unnecessary costs in climate lead to development problems.
C．Data make no sense to consumer behavior and investors’ decision.
D．Avoiding waste collection fees is beneficial to limiting food waste.
10．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．Humanitarian assistance is the only way to help African people.
B．Food insecurity is still a big challenge to many African countries.
C．The situation of food waste in Africa becomes more and more severe.
D．The number of people needing help is increasing mainly due to bad weather.
11．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To reveal the urgent financial situation in Africa.B．To stress the necessity of food waste prevention.
C．To call for the joint efforts of governments in climate.
D．To raise the awareness of environmental conservation.
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，联合国环境规划署《2024年食物浪费指数报告》发现，食物浪费加剧了气候变
化。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Food waste across the globe continues to fuel climate change, nature loss and
pollution while hurting the global economy according to the UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2024(根据联合国环
境规划署《2024年食物浪费指数报告》，全球范围内的食物浪费继续加剧气候变化、自然损失和污染，同
时损害全球经济)”可知，该报告表明食物浪费使环境状况恶化。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“While making opening remarks at the conference that launched the report,
Dechen Tsering, acting director of the climate change division at the UNEP, said government polices, such as tax
rebates (退税) and waste collection fees, could be used to stimulate changes in business practices and consumer
behavior. In addition, better data on the cost of food waste and the environmental, economic, and social benefits of
limiting food waste could help influence investors and consumers.(联合国环境规划署气候变化部门代理主任
Dechen Tsering在发布报告的会议上致开幕词时说，退税和废物收集费等政府政策可以用来刺激商业惯例
和消费者行为的变化。此外，更好地了解食物浪费的成本以及限制食物浪费所带来的环境、经济和社会效
益，可能有助于影响投资者和消费者)”可知，在Dechen Tsering看来政府应该采取有效的措施。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“the number of people who are food insecure and in urgent need of
humanitarian assistance in the Greater Horn of Africa rose to 74 million at the end of February(截至2月底，大非
洲之角粮食不安全、急需人道主义援助的人数已上升至7400万人)”和最后一段中“With wetter-than-normal
conditions forecast in most parts of African countries during the 2024 March-May rainfall season, the situation may
not improve.(预计在2024年3月至5月的降雨季节，非洲大部分国家将比正常情况更潮湿，这种情况可能
不会改善)”可知，粮食不安全仍然是许多非洲国家面临的一大挑战。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“it is important for countries to connect the fight against
hunger and the three global crisis of climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss(各国必须将抗击饥饿与气候
变化、污染和生物多样性丧失这三大全球危机联系起来)”可知，文章主要讲述联合国环境规划署《2024年
食物浪费指数报告》发现，食物浪费加剧了气候变化，目的是强调阻止食物浪费的必要性，故选B。
D
（2024·重庆九龙坡·三模）During Yang Zhongkai’s early years, a 500-year-old majestic ginkgo tree thatdid not sprout leaves for two to three years at a stretch used to be a daily sight for him on his way to and from high
school. Since villagers widely regarded the tree as having the power to make their wishes come true, they used to
kneel down in front of the “lucky” tree and burn offerings under it, which led to prolonged heat exposure at its
roots, stunting its growth.
“Millions of such old trees are in urgent need of protection given their importance as vital biological
resources and symbols of ecological civilization,” said Yang, who started the team — Zhiyue — dedicated to
protecting ancient trees.“But the recording and management of ancient and famous trees nationwide commonly rely
on Excel spreadsheets (电子表格), which present issues such as information silos, lack of real-time updates and
incomplete content,” he said.
However, things have changed of late. Yang and his team now use the artificial intelligence technology
developed by Tencent Cloud to identify and register trees accurately based on individual traits and GPS tracking.
“With the acceleration of a new generation of technological revolution and industrial transformation, new
technologies bring more excitement to the protection of ancient trees.” Yang said. “We can now collect data on the
trees’ growth, health and environment in real time, which helps us make informed decisions on how to better
protect them.”
“In addition to applying cutting-edge technologies such as AI and large models to assist in the development
of traditional industries, the company also makes great efforts to promote the development of charitable causes
through technological and platform advantages, “Wu Yunsheng said, vice-president of Tencent Cloud, adding
that“the power of technology can change the world”.
12．What does the underlined word“stunting”in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Preventing. B．Promoting. C．Measuring. D．Maintaining.
13．What problem did ancient trees face according to paragraph 2?
A．The lack of effective protection measures.
B．The risk of information loss and accuracy.
C．The destruction by local villagers.
D．The extreme heat from burning.
14．What do we know about Tencent Cloud's new technology?
A．It enables the collection of real-time data on trees'growth.
B．It is a valuable tool for people to protect the eco-system.
C．It has been widely used in the traditional industries.D．It can quickly update the number of trees in China.
15．Which is probably the best title for the text?
A．Modern Technology Advances Charitable Causes
B．Ancient Tree Management is Vital for Biodiversity
C．Ancient Trees Hold Cultural Traditions
D．New Technology Helps Tree Protection
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Yang Zhongkai和他的团队如何利用腾讯云开发的人工智能技术，
准确地识别和注册树木，以便更好地保护古树。
12．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Since villagers widely regarded the tree as having the power to make their
wishes come true,they used to kneel down in front of the“lucky”tree and burn offerings under it, which led to
prolonged heat exposure at its roots”（由于村民们普遍认为这棵树有能力实现他们的愿望，他们过去常常跪
在“幸运”树前，在它下面烧香，这导致树根长时间受热）可知，村民的行为阻碍了树木的生长。所以划
线词的意思是“阻止”的意思。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But the recording and management of ancient and famous trees nationwide
commonly rely on Excel spreadsheets (电子表格), which present issues such as information silos, lack of real-time
updates and incomplete content,”（但全国范围内的古树和名树的记录和管理通常依赖于Excel电子表格，这
带来了信息孤岛、缺乏实时更新和内容不完整等问题。）可推知，古树面临的问题是信息的丢失和准确性
的风险，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We can now collect data on the trees’growth, health and environment in
real time, which helps us make informed decisions on how to better protect them.”（我们现在可以实时收集树木
的生长、健康和环境数据，这有助于我们做出更好的保护决策。）可推知，腾讯云的新技术使得可以实时
收集树木的生长数据，故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段的“the power of technology can change the world”（技术
的力量可以改变世界）和倒数第二段“New technologies bring more excitement to the protection of ancient
trees.”（新技术为古树的保护带来了更多的兴奋。）可推知，文章主要讲述了新技术如何帮助保护树木，
故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·湖南长沙·三模）Many people fear failure and try to avoid it even when they have the opportunityto succeed. They won’t attempt something if they think they might fail. 16
Research the alternatives. 17 When you don’t know-what you’re dealing with, potential
consequences seem far worse than they actually are. Take the power out fear by understanding it. Research all the
potential outcomes(both good and bad) so you genuinely understand the risk of failure and benefits of success.
Analyzing these outcomes will help you see through the fear of failure and make a logical decision.
Another way to overcome the fear of failure is creating a contingency plan (应急计划). 18 Daring to
fail doesn’t mean you have to risk losing it all. If you manage risk intelligently, you can capture the benefits of
high-risk opportunities while leaving yourself a safety net.
Taking action is the best way to reduce fear and build confidence. As soon as you do, you’ll begin
accumulating experience and knowledge. 19 . It’s like jumping off a cliff into a lake-after you do it once,
you see that the water is safe and each time afterwards is easy. Start off with small steps and build up your
confidence until the fear of failure is manageable.
All in all, failure and success are two sides of the same coin. 20 By adopting these strategics, you can
learn to embrace failure as a stepping stone towards success.
A．Understand the benefits of failure.
B．Everything is hardest the first time.
C．You should be prepared for the worst.
D．The unknown is a major source of fear.
E．One truly cannot exist without the other.
F．The following strategies will help you overcome the fear of failure.
G．Even if your first option fails, a solid Plan B can maintain the status quo (现状).
【答案】16．F 17．D 18．G 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些克服对失败的恐惧的策略。
16．根据上文“Many people fear failure and try to avoid it even when they have the opportunity to succeed. They
won’t attempt something if they think they might fail.(许多人害怕失败，甚至当他们有成功的机会时也试图避
免失败。如果他们认为可能会失败，他们就不会去尝试)”可知，上文提到许多人害怕失败并试图逃避，可
知接下来应介绍如何克服这种恐惧。故F选项“下面的策略将帮助你克服对失败的恐惧”承接上文，并引
出下边几段的内容，符合语境，故选F。
17．根据下文“When you don’t know-what you’re dealing with, potential consequences seem far worse than they
actually are.(当你不知道你在处理什么时，潜在的后果似乎比实际情况要糟糕得多)”可知，下文提到面对未知潜在的后果似乎比实际情况要糟糕得多，推测本句是在总结导致恐惧的主要来源是未知。故D选项“未
知是恐惧的主要来源”引出下文，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Another way to overcome the fear of failure is creating a contingency plan (应急计划).(克服失败
恐惧的另一种方法是制定应急计划)”可知，空处应承接上文，说明应急计划的作用。故G选项“即使你的
第一个选择失败了，一个可靠的B计划也可以维持现状”承接上文，说明应急计划的作用，符合语境，故
选G。
19．根据下文“It’s like jumping off a cliff into a lake-after you do it once, you see that the water is safe and each
time afterwards is easy.(这就像从悬崖上跳入湖中——跳了一次之后，你会发现水是安全的，之后的每一次
都很容易)”可知，下文的例子表明第一次总是特别困难，之后会变得容易。故B选项“凡事第一次都是最
难的”说明第一次是最难的，引出下文，符合语境，故选B。
20．根据上文“All in all, failure and success are two sides of the same coin.(总而言之，失败和成功是同一枚
硬币的两面)”可知，上文提到失败和成功是同一枚硬币的两面，说明成功和失败是共同存在的，故E选项
“一个真的不能离开另一个而存在”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·河北沧州·三模）It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only
21 branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds 22 down a cold,
bone-chilling rain. My mood 23 the day.
The older I got, the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the
snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the 24 and reading
my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get 25 driving on dark roads, and feeling
the cold wind 26 my face like a slap.
I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of 27 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get
under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog 28 onto my bed and looked at me with her
big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and 29 that I laughed and petted her. I 30 she often
mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head 31 she too broke into a happy smile. I
snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky.
The little dog 32 me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a
33 of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our 34 . Mylittle pup showed me once again that life is 35 what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth,
love, and light even in winter’ s darkest days.
21．A．rough B．bare C．dead D．thick
22．A．throwing B．going C．falling D．breaking
23．A．influenced B．attacked C．matched D．lifted
24．A．wall B．river C．snow D．stove
25．A．darker B．longer C．shorter D．colder
26．A．over B．against C．beneath D．towards
27．A．happiness B．panic C．curiosity D．depression
28．A．jumped up B．held up C．took up D．lifted up
29．A．exhausted B．doubtful C．disappointed D．miserable
30．A．disapproved B．challenged C．complained D．acknowledged
31．A．while B．unless C．until D．after
32．A．reminded B．persuaded C．warned D．stimulated
33．A．temperature B．reflection C．recovery D．shape
34．A．hope B．mood C．anger D．joy
35．A．rarely B．possibly C．partially D．truly
【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．D
30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己和狗狗的在一个冬天的经历，体会到生活真的是我们自
己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的快乐、爱和光明。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：树上的叶子大多落了，只剩下光秃秃的树枝在周围的群山中摇曳。A.
rough粗糙的；B. bare光秃秃的；C. dead死的；D. thick厚的，粗的。根据上文“Most of the leaves had
fallen off the trees”可知，叶子都掉落了，所以是光秃秃的。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，乌云密布，下着刺骨的冷雨。A. throwing投；B. going去；
C. falling降落；D. breaking打破，折断。根据下文“The sky was gray with clouds”可知，下着刺骨的冷雨。
固定搭配throw down rain“下雨”。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情和白天一样。A. influenced影响；B. attacked袭击；C. matched比
得上，敌得过；D. lifted 提起，举起。根据上下文可知，作者整天的心情都是阴霾的，所以晚上的心情和
白天的一样不好。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗蜷缩在火炉旁，读我最喜欢的书。A. wall墙；B. river河流；C. snow雪；D. stove炉子。根据
下文“reading my favorite books.”可知，是在温暖的炉火旁，享受着读书的快乐。故选D项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉
冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. darker较暗的；B. longer较长的；C. shorter较短的；D. colder
较冷的。根据下文“on dark roads”可知，白天越来越短。故选C项。
26．考查介词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷
风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. over悬在……上面；B. against反对，迎着；C. beneath在……下
方；D. towards朝向。根据下文“like a slap.”可知，冷风打在作者的脸上。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种沮丧的感觉笼罩着我的精神，我希望我能钻进被窝，睡到春天。A.
happiness快乐；B. panic恐慌；C. curiosity好奇；D. depression抑郁，沮丧。根据上文“I sighed and lay
down on my bed”可知，作者是沮丧的。故选D项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她湿漉漉的大眼睛看着我。A. jumped up跳起来；
B. held up支撑，支持，举起；C. took up从事；D. lifted up提升。根据下文“onto my bed and looked at me
with her big, wet eyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故选A项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看起来那么悲伤和痛苦，我笑着抚摸着她。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；
B. doubtful怀疑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“so sad”可知，看起来那么悲
伤和痛苦。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认她经常反映我的心情。A. disapproved不同意；B. challenged挑战；
C. complained抱怨；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，这是作者承认
的内容。故选D项。
31．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，继续抚摸着她的头，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A. while然
而；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. after之后。根据句意可知，本句为until引导的时间状语从句。故选C
项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。A.
reminded提醒；B. persuaded说明；C. warned警告；D. stimulated刺激，促进。根据上文“she often
mirrored my moods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以是光明（快乐）的反射，也可以是黑暗的影子。A. temperature温
度；B. reflection反射；C. recovery恢复；D. shape形状。根据常识可知，光具有反射性，这里指我们可以
是光明（快乐）的反射。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给世界善意，也可以给世界愤怒。A. hope希望；B. mood心情；C. anger愤怒；D. joy快乐。根据上文“kindness”可知，与善意相对的是愤怒。故选C项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的小狗再一次告诉我，生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗
的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A. rarely稀少地；B. possibly可能地；C. partially不完
全地；D. truly真正地。根据上文“My little pup showed me once again”可知，生活真的是我们自己创造的。
故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 2023 Chinese Bridge Calligraphy and Painting Contest lasted for six months, 36 (attract) 1, 084
contestants from 86 countries 37 a total of 1, 146 calligraphy and painting works.
According to experts, the award winning calligraphy works this year mirrored many Chinese classic
elements with more 38 (expressive) and creativity, compared to the winners of last year's contest,
“I feel honored to be the judge again and also 39 (delight) to find that the entries for this year have
been such a breakthrough. From their progress, you can 40 (definite) see the authors must have spent a lot
of time and energy learning traditional Chinese culture, ” commented one of the judges.
At the closing ceremony, Zhang Bo, professor from Beijing Language and Culture University, gave high
praise of the achievement of overseas Chinese teaching, 41 played a significant role in cultural exchanges.
He said the quality of the entries resulted from the contestants' years of study, as well as 42 guidance and
assistance of overseas Chinese teaching behind them.
The experts suggested watching the videos about the contestants on the website. “Through these videos, we
can see their daily practice and creation process, 43 we can also feel their understanding and love for
Chinese culture from their introductions. The creative process of calligraphy and painting 44 (have) a visual
appreciation similar to dance. It is our hope that these videos 45 (share) on social media will encourage
more people to develop a love for Chinese culture.”
【答案】36．attracting 37．with 38．expressiveness 39．delighted 40．definitely 41．
which 42．the 43．and 44．has 45．shared
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2023届“汉语桥”书法及绘画比赛的盛况和获奖情况，并简要
介绍了获奖作品的特点。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：“2023中国桥书画大赛”历时6个月，吸引了来自86个国家的1084名选手
参赛，共计1146件书画作品。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词作结果状语；逻辑主语The 2023
Chinese Bridge Calligraphy and Painting Contest 与attract之间为主动关系，所以空处应用现在分词形式。故填 attracting.
37．考查介词。句意：“2023中国桥书画大赛”历时6个月，吸引了来自86个国家的1084名选手参赛，
共计1146件书画作品。根据句意可知，此处表示该比赛吸引了来自86个国家的1084名参赛者，共计1146
件书法和绘画作品。a total of…works短语作定语，用 with引导，表示“有，具有”。故填 with。
38．考查名词。句意：据专家介绍，与去年的获奖作品相比，今年的获奖作品反映了许多中国经典元素，
更具表现力和创造力。根据下文and creativity可知，and 连接前后两个名词，expressive的名词形式是
expressiveness。故填expressiveness。
39．考查形容词。句意：我很荣幸再次担任评委，也很高兴今年的参赛作品取得了突破。分析句子可知，
空处和前文的honored并列，应为形容词作表语，修饰主语I，修饰人，用-ed形式。故填 delighted。
40．考查副词。句意：从他们的进步中，你绝对可以看出作者们一定花了很多时间和精力来学习中国传统
文化。分析句子可知，空处应为副词作状语，修饰空后的动词see。故填 definitely。
41．考查定语从句。句意：在闭幕式上，北京语言大学张博教授高度赞扬了海外汉语教学的成就，这在文
化交流中发挥了重要作用。分析句子可知，空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为overseas
Chinese teaching，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
42．考查冠词。句意：他说，参赛作品的质量源于参赛者多年的学习，以及他们背后海外汉语教师的指导
和帮助。根据句意可知，此处表示参赛作品的质量是由于参赛者多年的学习，以及海外汉语教学对他们的
指导和帮助，空处应表示特指。故填the。
43．考查连词。句意：通过这些视频，我们可以看到他们的日常实践和创作过程，也可以从他们的介绍中
感受到他们对中国文化的理解和热爱。根据句意可知，空处前后的两个句子应为并列关系。故填 and。
44．考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意：书法和绘画的创作过程具有类似于舞蹈的视觉欣赏。分析句子可
知，空处应为本句的谓语动词，主语是Tho creative process，为单数；描述客观事实，此处应为一般现在
时。故填has。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望这些在社交媒体上分享的视频能鼓励更多人爱上中国文化。分析句
子可知，空处应为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰空前的videos, videos与 share之间是被动关系，因此空处
应为动词的-ed形式。 故填 shared。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2022·山东日照·一模）假定你是李华，上周六下午你校在学校礼堂举办了消防讲座及消防逃生演练(fire
drill)，请你写一篇英语日记，内容包括：
1.消防讲座2.逃生演练
3.你的感受
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last Saturday afternoon witnessed an educational event involving a lecture on fire emergency and fire
drill organized in our school auditorium.
The lecture kicked off with an overview of the hazard of fire and the need for prevention. The speaker, a
professional firefighter, shared stories of real-life incidents, emphasizing the importance of being proactive and
knowing what to do in case of a fire. What followed is a simulated fire scenario where participants are trained in
evacuation procedures, fire extinguisher use and other critical safety measures.
Overall, the experience was incredibly valuable. Not only did it leave me with a renewed sense of
importance for fire safety, but also equipped me with practical practices when confronted with fire accidents.
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇英语日记，记录学校礼堂举办的消防讲座及消防逃
生演练。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要性：importance→significance
强调：emphasize→lay stress on
关键的：critical→crucial
难以置信地：incredibly→unbelievably
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Saturday afternoon witnessed an educational event involving a lecture on fire emergency and fire drill
organized in our school auditorium.
拓展句：Last Saturday afternoon witnessed an educational event involving a lecture on fire emergency and fire
drill which was organized in our school auditorium.【点睛】[高分句型1]
What followed is a simulated fire scenario where participants are trained in evacuation procedures, fire extinguisher
use and other critical safety measures.（运用了what引导主语从句，where引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Not only did it leave me with a renewed sense of importance for fire safety, but also equipped me with practical
practices when confronted with fire accidents.（运用了部分倒装）
第二节 (满分25分)
（2024·湖南长沙·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
My husband Kenny and I grew up playing sports. We both worked in the field of physical education and
coach youth high school track and field. So, Kenny and I weren’t surprised when our daughter, Becky, showed
early athletic promise.
Watching her outrun other kids on the playground, I knew she was destined for winning medals on the track.
Slowly but surely, track took over our lives. Weekends were devoted to training. We stopped taking vacations so the
girl wouldn’t miss any practices. We missed her birthdays and family outings. I even restricted the time she could
spend hanging out with her friends, which would consume the energy she needed for competition:
We didn’t really ask Becky if that was what she wanted. Of course she did! Who wouldn’t want to use a
God-given talent to the fullest? Occasionally, Becky would open up after a loss, “I wish you were the same even if I
have a bad day on the track. I feel like you don’t accept me just for who I am.”
Honestly, that hurt. In my heart, I knew what she said was true. I could behave more like a coach than a
Mom on the sideline. But I didn’t mind. Ensuring her on the track of winning was my only goal. I probably cared
more about the medals than she did. By the time Becky started middle school, our family life had revolved around
(以……为中心) practices and competitions. I had visions of college scholarships, maybe even the Olympics.
One day, at a regional Junior Olympics qualifying event, she twisted her leg and ended up in a heavy fall,
screaming in pain. This was not supposed to happen. Kenny and I pushed her too hard the day before and she
attempted to break the record which was clearly beyond her reach.
We rushed her to the hospital right away. Never did I imagine sitting in a doctor’s office, staring at the X-ray
result as the doctor calmly explained that Becky’s posterior cruciate ligament (后十字韧带) — the thick tissue
stabilizing the back of her knee—was torn.注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Her professional career as an athlete was over,” the doctor broke the news to me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________
Following the hard-fought recovery, I watched her running with a new attitude.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________
【答案】范文
“Her professional career as an athlete was over,” the doctor broke the news to me. Just then, my mind went
blank. The doctor kept talking about some immediate surgery, but I was lost in enormous guilt. “It’s alright, Mom.
We can get through this,” Becky seemed to read my mind. The surgery went smoothly, and the news that physical
therapy might bring her back to the track was a delight. Three days a week, Kenny and I drove her to the hospital
for therapy. My heart cried out every time Becky struggled through a stretch or an exercise. Beholding her
incredible determination, I started to take pride in Becky for who she was, not the medals she could have won.
Following the hard-fought recovery, I watched her running with a new attitude. As usual, I was standing on
the sideline. But this time I conducted myself like a Mom cheerleading for her daughter rather than a demanding
coach. Becky only took baby steps toward regaining her speed and strength. But neither of us worried that she
would never be able to pursue a championship. In fact, we started taking family vacations and Becky hung out with
her pals like a normal teenager. It was the first time that Becky had actually enjoyed sports and life in years. Irealized that perhaps Becky was after all not destined for winning medals on the track, but a wholesome life that
really counted.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一对运动员夫妻把所有的时间都用来培养自己的孩子进行体育训
练，让田径占据一家人的生活，并梦想着有一天自己的孩子参加奥运会，但是孩子受伤后，母亲坐在医生
办公室里陷入了沉思。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘她的运动员生涯结束了，’医生告诉我这个消息”可知，第一段可描写女儿的手
术进展如何以及作者的内心感受。
②由第二段首句内容“经过艰难的康复后，我看到她以一种新的态度跑步”可知，第二段可描写作者心态
的改变以及感悟。
2. 续写线索：医生告知要手术——作者内疚——手术顺利——女儿康复——作者感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①看到：behold/see
②意识到：realize/be aware of
③尖叫：cry out/scream
情绪类
①为……骄傲：take pride in /be proud of
②高兴：delight/pleasure
【点睛】【高分句型1】 Beholding her incredible determination, I started to take pride in Becky for who she
was, not the medals she could have won. (运用了现在分词作状语，who引导宾语从句以及省略关系代词的限
制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I realized that perhaps Becky was after all not destined for winning medals on the track, but a
wholesome life that really counted. (运用了that引导宾语从句以及that引导限制性定语从句)
