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选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On a trip to the forests of southern India ，amateur photographer Kaushik Vijayan was
shocked to see some massive rodents(啮齿动物)，who are maroon(紫褐色)，leaping from
treetop to treetop.
Vijayan uploaded the images of the fourpound rodents to Instagram，and the Internet went
crazy immediately.Some had a difficult time believing that the squirrels，photographed in the
Pathanamthitta District of Kerala，actually exist，thanks to the animals’ bright spots of black
and maroon.
But the Indian giant(巨大的) squirrel，also known as the Malabar giant squirrel，is the real
deal.Believe it or not，it is not alone.There are three other giants in the squirrel family，Sciuridae
—each of which weighs in at two to three times the size of the gray squirrels native to the eastern
United States.
“The four species that make up this group are fascinating in their large size，brilliant
coloration，and tendency for feeding on some of the massive tropical fruits on the trees，” says
Koprowski.
Even among its relatives，the Indian giant squirrel stands out with its bright colors，which
makes one wonder why its evolution would select fur.That would call so much attention to
itself.After all，these forests are also home to predators such as liontailed macaques，leopards，
and crested serpent eagles—all of which have been known to hunt rodents.
No one knows for sure，says Koprowski，but the squirrel’s purple patterns may serve as a
way to hide the animal itself.This is because the broadleaf forests these squirrels inhabit create a
pattern of sun spots and shaded areas—not unlike the rodents’ markings.
In other words，what looks flashy and fun to us in an Instagram post may make the squirrels
disappear when hungry mouths come to hunt.Now that’s a common trick.
1．How did people feel after seeing the Malabar giant squirrel’s images?
A．Nervous. B．Incredible.
C．Embarrassed. D．Sorrowful.
2．What makes the Malabar giant squirrel different from the rest?
A．Its size. B．Its habitat.
C．Its color. D．Its lifestyle.
3．Why does the Malabar giant squirrel have unusual fur?
A．To show itself off.B．To protect itself.
C．To drive other animals away.
D．To compete with its companions.
4．Which of the following may be a potential threat to the Malabar giant squirrel?
A．Human beings.
B．Rodents’ hunting.
C．The Instagram post.
D．The broadleaf forests.
B
Every summer artists perform at Fringe(边缘) Festivals around the world.Fringe Festivals are
a celebration of strange art.They have all kinds of performers—from dancers，musicians and
actors to everything in between.The shows give artists a chance to create unusual art.For festival
goers，each show is a time to experience something different.
The first Fringe Festival was held in Edinburgh，Scotland in 1947.That was also the year of
the first Edinburgh International Festival.Artists from around the world traveled to Scotland for the
Edinburgh International Festival.They performed at arts centers throughout the city.Eight local
theater companies did not receive an invitation，however.In response，they performed at smaller
spaces around Edinburgh.These artists performed wherever they could，including banquets and
even on the street.They started their own cultural event and named it the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
What started as an alternative to the mainstream has now become the world’s largest arts
festival.Today，there are hundreds of Fringe Festivals taking place around the world.The one in
Washington，D.C.，called the Capital Fringe Festival，is in its tenth year.It was held in the month
of July.
Julianne Brienza founded the Capital Fringe Festival.She went to a school for the performing
arts，but now sees herself mainly as an organizer of the festival.Brienza believes that fringe
performance art is special and can have a powerful effect.
The Capital Fringe Festival takes place in different locations throughout the D．C.area.Some
performances happen in traditional theaters.Others happen in unusual settings like old，empty
buildings or stores after business hours are over.
Brienza says the purpose of Fringe Festivals is to explore the limits of art in unique
environments.Since 2006，the event has made more than $1.7 million.It is the second largest
Fringe Festival in the U．S.and its popularity has grown every year.The Edinburgh Festival Fringe
continues throughout the month of August.
5．Who may be interested in Fringe Festivals?
A．Strange art lovers.
B．Professional artists.
C．Classical musicians.D．Traditional culture supporters.
6．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．Why Edinburgh became the global art center.
B．How the first Fringe Festival came into being.
C．When the Edinburgh International Festival was held.
D．Where the Edinburgh Festival Fringe was celebrated.
7．What can we know about the Capital Fringe Festival?
A．It is the world’s largest arts festival.
B．It has no fixed places for celebration.
C．It can never be accepted by the public.
D．It has a longer history than other festivals.
8．Which of the following may Brienza probably agree with about Fringe Festivals?
A．They raise people’s love of festivals.
B．They limit the development of arts.
C．Formal arts are looked down upon.
D．Chances are offered to unusual arts.
Ⅱ.完形填空
When I was a boy，I spent much time playing alone.I didn’t 1 too much，though.I
lived outside town，next to a forest where oaks(橡树) were my 2 .I would sit in their shade
and enjoy their peace.
Therefore it was so 3 for me when I was in 4 in a wood processing factory.It
wasn’t just the backbreaking work，long 5 ，and low pay.It was also seeing trees being
cut.The red oak trees were 6 affected because they made the prettiest hardwood flooring.
One afternoon after a long day’s work，I decided to take a walk in the 7 .As I
wandered，I was filled with 8 for childhood days.Feeling so down，I dropped my head and
that was when I 9 it：a red oak acorn(橡子) that had somehow 10 hungry animals all
winter long.Something I’d read once 11 me at that moment “An acorn 12 a forest
eventually if it wants！” I smiled，and carefully 13 that little acorn.Then I headed home，
no longer 14 ，for I also realized in our life we all 15 as an acorn，but whether our
future is a forest or not is up to us.
1．A.demand B．change
C．mind D．notice
2．A.shelters B．hopes
C．favorites D．companions
3．A.surprising B．tough
C．impressive D．vital4．A.trouble B．business
C．employment D．luck
5．A.hours B．meetings
C．breaks D．flights
6．A.equally B．heavily
C．rarely D．suddenly
7．A.factory B．woods
C．mountains D．town
8．A.longing B．concern
C．regret D．struggle
9．A.received B．remembered
C．recognized D．spotted
10．A.encountered B．left
C．survived D．fed
11．A.found B．disappointed
C．guided D．struck
12．A.becomes B．preserves
C．reflects D．represents
13．A.collected B．picked
C．planted D．examined
14．A.fearful B．hesitant
C．worried D．depressed
15．A.fight back B．start out
C．step forward D．break through
Ⅲ.语法填空
Located in central Shanxi Province，Pingyao Ancient City 1. (found) in the 8th
century BCE.Today，the original 2. (appear) and layout(布局) of the city remain，3.
(contribute) to its reputation as the bestpreserved ancient city 4. was created by the
Han Chinese and reflecting the popular urban planning concept during the Ming and Qing
Dynasties.
Built 5. (complete) in accordance with traditional urban planning style and
layout principle of cities of the Han Chinese，Pingyao Ancient City keeps the basic layout：long
ancient city walls，elegant residences and courtyards，vertical and horizontal streets and alleys；
all marked a prosperous county in the past.The whole complex seems like travel 6.
time and space，unfolding a living scene of 7. (tradition) daily life，commerce and
religion vividly.
Circled by the ancient city wall，Pingyao Ancient City lies like a slightly tilted square.When8. (see) from a bird’s eye perspective with some imagination，it is more like a
turtle(龟)．The Southern Gate is like the head；Northern Gate is 9. tail；the two
wells outside the Southern Gate 10. (be) the eyes and gates in the east and west are
the symbols of its limbs.
