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Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2．fleet n．舰队；机群；车队
3．behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见
4．spice n．(调味)香料
5．maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
6．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛
7．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
8．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
9．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
10．submersible n．潜水器；可潜船
11．underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
12．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
13．coral n．珊瑚
14．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居
15．directory n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
16．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
17．gallon n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
18．log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
19．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．tale n．故事；叙述
2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5．withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
7．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n．税；税款
9．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n．
扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
2．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政治上的→politician n．政治家；政
客
3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；(大学
的)讲师，教员
4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；
人员混杂的
5．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
6．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
7．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯
8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残
忍的；无慈悲心的
9．possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；具有；拥有
10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截
然不同的
1．tiptoe /'tIptəʊ/ n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
2．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
3．disorder /dIs'ɔːdə(r)/ n．紊乱；混乱；骚乱
4．excessive /Ik'sesIv/ adj.过度的；过多的
5．all-round /ˌɔːl'raʊnd/ adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
6．obstacle /'ɒbstəkl/ n．障碍；障碍物
7．accumulation /əˌkjuːmjə'leIʃn/ n．积累；聚积物
8．devil /'devl/ n．魔鬼；恶魔
9．compliment /'kɒmplImənt/ n．称赞；问候；致意 vt.赞美；钦佩
10．bolster /'bəʊlstə(r)/ vt.改善；加强
Ⅳ.背核心短语1．set sail 起航；开航
2．in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
3．withdraw from 退出；撤回
4．in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；在控制中
5．search for寻找
6．under the command of在……的指挥下
7．in return for作为对……的回报
8．for the benefit of为了……的好处/利益
9．take action采取行动
10．as well as也；又；还
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road
areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(The aim is to do...)
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其
他地区之间的联系。
2．China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to
greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.(which引
导的非限制性定语从句)
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大
发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
3．...there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its
effects.(there is an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事)
……为了了解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。
4．To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.(不定式
作目的状语)
为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。
5．We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.(so that引
导目的状语从句)我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
The Ming Dynasty desired to strengthen the 1.____________(bond) with some western
countries and between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets 2.____________ the command of Zheng
He set sail from the South China Sea.They sailed across the Indian Ocean to the east coast of
Africa，along the marine channels which 3.______________________(extend) by the former
merchants and explorers.They took gold ，silk and spices to the African royal families
4.____________ negotiated trade deals with them.Meanwhile，with 5.____________(advance)
weapons in hand，they had mercy on rather than exploited，murdered or arrested thepeople in other countries ， 6.____________ in turn applauded them.They also
7.____________(log) many tales that had happened along the way.Although China withdrew from
further expeditions after 1433，these fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of
8.____________(they) own at that time.Today，to reach out across the sea remains a strong
desire.And the ancient routes 9.__________(travel) by Zheng He are being revisited with the aim
10.______________(encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开 vi.& vt.持续，延续(extensive adj.广
阔的；大量的；广泛的 extension n．延伸；扩大；延期)
extend...to...向……提供/给予……
extend to延长到
extend by延长了
(1)If you are in need of a deadline ____________(extend)，simply explain the situation to your
professor.
(2)The plan will extend protection ____________ a significant number of areas that were
previously unprotected.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)这些课程每周一节，每节课两小时，持续22周以上。与去年的这门课程相比，持续时间
延长了两周。(话题写作之学校生活)
These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class ，
________________________________________________.Compared with last year’s course，
the duration ________________________.
(4)我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
________________________________________________________________________ ， who
have done so much for us over the years.
mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 merciless adj.残忍
的；无慈悲心的)
•show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕
have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕
at the mercy of...任由……摆布
•be merciful to...对……仁慈
(1)The leader is such a ____________ man and always has mercy ____________ those poor people
but sometimes he can be ____________ to bad persons.(用合适的介词或mercy的适当形式填空)(2)在失去引擎动力之后，这艘船只好任凭风暴摆布。
Having lost engine power，________________________________________________.
possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配)
•take possession of (表动作)占有；拥有
in possession of (表状态)具有；拥有
in the possession of被……拥有；归……所有
•be possessed of sth具有(某种品质或特征)
(1)这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这款最新款的笔记本电脑。
The latest laptop is ________________________ Tom ， which means that Tom is
________________________ the latest laptop.
(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。
Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have ， but
___________________________________.
(3)请记住，只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。
Keep in mind that ________________________________________________.
in hand在手头；可供使用
at hand近在手边；在附近
by hand手工，用手的
hand in hand手挽手；密切关联
on the one hand...on the other (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两
个方面)
give sb a hand 帮助……；施以援手
用hand的相关短语填空
(1)As an old saying goes，“Success and failure always go ________________________.”
(2)Having enough data ____________，we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled.
(3)Meanwhile，you’d better keep a dictionary close ____________ so that you can look up
unfamiliar words in it.
(4)Even for personal letters ， the merchant would rather use a computer than write
____________.
(5)On the one hand，computers extend our vision；____________________，they also bring
about some harmful problems.
(6)Whenever I am in trouble，it is you who ____________________ without hesitation.
so that引导目的状语从句 We need to understand what is happening to our planet so
that we can take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。•本句中so that引导目的状语从句，相当于 in order that，从句中往往含有情态动词，如
can，could，may，might等。
•so that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
(1)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。
Next time you visit our city ， you must call me ahead of schedule
________________________________________________.
(2)公共汽车坏了，我们不得不步行回家，这让我们怒火中烧。
________________________________________________，which made us boil with anger.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．withdraw
(1)I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account.________
(2)I heard you are going to withdraw from the speech class.(2021·浙江1月)________
(3)Sensing his mistake，the minister withdrew his statement later.________
2．bond
(1)The new type of glue bonds a variety of surfaces in seconds.________
(2)The following day，the taxi driver was released on $5,000 bond.________
(3)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of
books.(2020·全国Ⅱ)________
(4)Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through
reflection and discussion...(2021·天津)________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.____________
(2)The charming man arrested my attention.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Many people had their ________________(possess) buried under the ruins，thus becoming
homeless.
2．The prime minister of the country was once a ________________(profession) athlete as well
as a licensed lawyer.
3．He doesn’t have the freedom to choose what he likes，so I have mercy ____________ him.
4．I negotiated ____________ other sponsors of the exhibition about how to organize it perfectly.
5．For some reason，I withdrew ____________ a handful of grand clubs and I will never jointhem again.
6．The ____________(cover) proved to be out of line with the truth was deleted.
7 ． It’s said that an open-air barbecue will be scheduled ， whose aim is
________________(strengthen) the bond of the employees.
8．Do keep in mind that my assistance will be ____________ hand whenever you need it.
9．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its ____________(mix) of modern and
traditional Chinese elements.
10．All the merchants stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of
____________(applaud) at the end.
2022·全国甲改编
你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容
包括：
1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。
完成句子
1．6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人们对海洋保护的认识。(the aim is to do...；whose
引导定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
2．海洋起着至关重要的作用，它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且维持了自然的平衡。
(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．随着世界海洋日的临近，迫切需要采取措施保护海洋。(with的复合结构；There is an
urgent need to do...)
____________________________________________________________________________
4．为了做出我们的贡献，我们学生可以发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。(不定式作目的状
语)
____________________________________________________________________________
5．现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了，这样我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界，在未来
过上更好的生活。(so that引导目的状语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
教材语料整合
[情感描写] mercy n．→merciful adj.；opponent n．→opposed adj.；mixture
亮词 n．→mixed adj.
[动作描写] set sail；negotiate；withdraw from；applaud；exploit；arrest
1.Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest
achievements.(主旨升华)
2.In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore
美句
the Arctic.(动作描写)
3.Opponents may be concerned，but sea exploration is important for our future.(情
感描写)
拓展语料积累 修辞妙用之拟人
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。拟人手法的使用会使文章更加形象生动、富有情趣。
1.The mist swallowed them up and the icy wind started howling，stinging their faces
violently.薄雾吞没了他们，冰冷的风呼啸着，猛烈地刺痛了他们的脸。
2.Seeing such extraordinary beauty，I think every cell in my body woke up.看到这绝美
景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。
3.The first rays of morning tiptoed through the grass.第一缕晨光蹑手蹑脚地穿过草
地。
句 4.Immediately an absolute darkness ruled the forest and an extreme sense of fear
型 seized me.刹那间，漆黑统治了整个森林，一种极度的恐惧感笼罩着我。
5.One evening saw/witnessed a bus driver weaving through traffic.一天晚上，一位公共
汽车司机穿梭在车流中。
6.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture.羽毛般的
雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。
7.The bees played hide-and-seek with the flowers as they buzzed from one flower to
another.蜜蜂嗡嗡地从一朵花到另一朵花上，与花朵进行捉迷藏。
语料运用 海上遇险
Although Sam had been warned that ①__________________，there was little that would
keep him from going.②_____________________________________________________(with 的
复合结构)，Sam set sail on a freezing night.The storm was gaining strength on land，but had not
yet reached a place far from the coast.③____________________________________，which
began to turn sideways like an amusement park ride.They were completely
④____________________________________________.The dim lamps hanging on the boatslipped into the angry sea，throwing them in complete darkness.⑤_______________________(倒
装 句 ) ． Then the dark sea along with a few twinkling stars
⑥_________________________.Fortunately，⑦______________________________________
and _________________________________.
尽管山姆被警告暴风雨即将来临，但几乎没有什么能阻止他去。伴随着呼啸的寒风和吞
噬一切的浓雾，山姆在一个寒冷的夜晚启航了。风暴在陆地上越来越大，但还没有到达离岸
很远的地方。波浪摇晃着小船，小船开始像游乐园里的游乐设施一样侧向转弯。他们完全任
凭风暴摆布。船上挂着的昏暗的灯滑入愤怒的大海，把他们抛在一片无尽的黑暗中。直到这
时，恐惧才开始笼罩山姆。然后，黑暗的大海以及闪烁着的几颗星辰，见证了人与自然之间
的生死斗争。幸运的是，惊涛骇浪的大海终于平静下来，第一缕曙光蹑手蹑脚地出现在地平
线上。
