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专题01动词的时态和语态 第1讲 -过去时态
时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分
姓名________________ 得数___________________
I.语法填空（15分）
[2021·吉林省东北师大附中、长春十一高中、吉林一中、四平一中、松原实验中学五校高三联考] 阅
读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earliest exiting collection of Chinese poetry, Shi Jing(Book of Songs), 1 ． (date) back to as early as the 11th
century BC, but the history of Chinese poetry may be even longer than that. 2 ． (develop) and changing for
thousands of years, Chinese poetry is like a beautiful and fathomless ocean to 3 ． Chinese-speaking people
couldn’t help but keep being drawn.
The very ancient poetry that was written 1000 or more years ago was simpler and about common things 4 ．
love, romance and nature that people appreciate. 5 ． much poetry was written in the eras following the Song
Dynasty, it is thought the poets became 6 ． (increase) academic and abstract so that modern Chinese can’t
appreciate the style and meaning.
For foreigners, ancient Chinese poetry is more difficult to understand. One of the reasons is the nature of
Chinese characteristics 7 ． (they).Often the words have many meanings, and this make the translation of Chinese
into English 8 ． key part of reading and understanding Chinese poetry. Put simply, good translation is essential to
fully understand Chinese poems.
If the greatest Chinese poets 9 ． (name), Du Fu and Li Bai of Tang Dynasty who were 10 ． (contemporary)
and who both traveled widely in China often come up on top. Along with them, another famous ancient poet is Su
Shi of the Song Dynasty.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的古代诗歌以及著名的诗人。
1．dates考查动词时态。中国最早的诗歌集《诗经》可以追溯到公元前 11世纪，但是中国诗歌的历史可能
更长。根据句意，句子用一般现在时，主语Shi Jing为第三人称单数。故填dates。
2．Developing考查非谓语现在分词。中国诗歌千百年来的发展变化，犹如一片美丽深邃的海洋，不断吸引
着说汉语的人们。and连接两个并列的成分，根据changing可知，此处应用现在分词developing，作状语，
（动词develop和主语Chinese poetry是主动关系，）注意首字母大写。故填Developing。
3．which考查定语从句。中国诗歌千百年来的发展变化，犹如一片美丽深邃的海洋，不断吸引着说汉语的
人们。先行词为 a beautiful and fathomless ocean， be drawn to意为“被……吸引”，介词to+关系代词
which引导从句，which指代先行词，作to的宾语。故填which。4．like考查介词。写于1000多年前的非常古老的诗歌比较简单，是关于人们欣赏的爱情、浪漫和自然之
类的普通事物。此处列举哪些是诗歌经常写作的内容，介词like意为“像；比如”。故填like。
5．Though/Although/While考查从属连词。虽然宋代以后的诗歌创作很多，但由于诗人的学术性和抽象性
越来越强，使得现代汉语不能欣赏诗歌的风格和意义。根据句意此处应用从属连词 though或although或
while引导让步状语从句，注意首字母大写，故填Though/Although/While。
6．increasingly考查词形转换。虽然宋代以后的诗歌创作很多，但由于诗人的学术性和抽象性越来越强，
使得现代汉语不能欣赏诗歌的风格和意义。修饰形容词应用副词形式。故填increasingly。
7．themselves考查反身代词。原因之一是中国特色的本质。此处应用反身代词，作 Chinese characteristics
的同位语，起强调作用。故填themselves。
8．a考查冠词。这些词通常有很多含义，这使得汉英翻译成为阅读和理解中国诗歌的一个关键部分。空格
后的名词part是可数名词单数，所以应用不定冠词限定，泛指“一个关键部分”，因所连接的形容词key
为辅音音素开头，故填a。
9．are named考查时态语态。如果说中国最伟大的诗人是谁，唐代的杜甫和李白，他们同时代，在中国游
历甚广，往往名列前茅。根据句意可判断为被动语态，谓语动词name“列举”与主语 poets之间为被动关
系，应用被动语态。根据句意用一般现在时，故填are named。
10．contemporaries/contemporary考查名词和形容词。如果说中国最伟大的诗人是谁，唐代的杜甫和李白，
他们同时代，在中国游历甚广，往往名列前茅。此处contemporary可作为名词使用，意为“同时代的人”，
根据 were 可判断为复数，作表语；contemporary 也可作为形容词使用，作表语。故填 contemporaries/
contemporary。
II.应用文写作（10分）
【山西省太原市2021届高三模拟考试（一模）】请你写一篇英语作文，描述你参加过的一次户外运动，内
容包括：
1．运动过程；
2．你的感受；
3．准备长期坚持。
注意：
1．词数80左右。
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【答案】One possible version
A Meaningful Bike Ride
Last weekend, I participated in a bicycle ride organized by our community.
As scheduled, 20 participants started from our neighborhood at 8:00. Wearing helmets and gloves, we rode
along Binhe bike lane. Halfway, despite my effort to pedal hard, I still fell behind. In order to accompany and
comfort me, others slowed down. After an hour, we arrived at Shanxi Stadium. There some cyclists showed us their
amazingly cool riding skills, which surprised everyone present.
Although we were all exhausted, the ride turned out to be enjoyable and meaningful, because it not only
helped to build up our body, but strengthened the bond between the neighbors. So we reached an agreement that we
would regularly ride together in the future.
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于记叙文，描述你参加过的一次户外骑行活动。
词汇积累
参加：participate in→ take part in/be involved in
按照安排：as scheduled →as planned→/It is scheduled …
尽管：despite →in spite of /regardless of
为了……：in order to →with the purpose of /for the purpose of
陪伴某人：accompany →keep sb. company
2.句式拓展
高分句型的同义表达
(1)There some cyclists showed us their amazingly cool riding skills, which surprised everyone present.
→There some cyclists showed us their amazingly cool riding skills, which made everyone present surprised.
→There some cyclists showed us their amazingly cool riding skills, surprising everyone present.
(2)Although we were all exhausted, the ride turned out to be enjoyable and meaningful.
→Exhausted as we all were, the ride turned out to be enjoyable and meaningful.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
Wearing helmets and gloves, we rode along Binhe bike lane. (现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]
There some cyclists showed us their amazingly cool riding skills, which surprised everyone present.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3]
Because it not only helped to build up our body, but strengthened the bond between the neighbors.( not only…but
also引导的并列句式)
III．读后续写 （25分）
【河北省保定市2020-2021学年上学期高三】阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整
的故事。
One year, a newspaper of the United States published an announcement that the horticultural institute offered a
reward at a high price for the pure white marigold (金盏花). The high reward attracted so many people, but in
nature besides golden, the marigold is brown, and it is not easy to grow the white one. So after they were excited
for a time, many people had forgotten the announcement.
Years flew away. One normal day after 20 years, the horticultural institute that had published the
announcement accidentally received a letter and 100 seeds of pure white marigold. On that day the news spread like
wildfire.
It turned out to be an old woman of over 70 years old. The institute had always been hesitating over the fact
that the letter said with certainty that the seeds could bloom pure white marigold, and the need for verification (验
证) became the focus of the debate. Whether they would make an experimental verification or not became the
controversial focus at one time.
Some said you would never live up to the old man’s wish. Those seeds finally took root in the earth. The
miracle appeared after one year: large patches of pure white marigold waved in the breeze.
Accordingly, the old woman who was always unknown to the public became a new focus.
Originally, the old woman was a flower lover. When she occasionally read the announcement in the newspaper
20 years ago, she was eager to try. But her eight children strongly opposed her decision. After all, a woman who
never knew the seed genetics (遗传学) couldn’t complete what the experts could never achieve, so her thought
seemed very foolish.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已经为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Still, the old woman didn’t change her mind and went on working without hesitation.
Paragraph 2:
Finally, after 20 years on the day we all know, in the garden she saw a pure white marigold.【答案】
Still, the old woman didn’t change her mind and went on working without hesitation. She planted some of the
most common seeds and took good care of them. A year later, when the marigold came out, she chose the faintest
one from those golden and brow flowers and got the best seed. The next year, she again grew them and chose…
Day after day, year after year, through many seasons, the old woman’s husband died, her children flew far, but only
the wish to grow the pure white marigold took root in her heart.
Finally, after 20 years on the day we all know, in the garden she saw a pure white marigold, which was not
nearly white, but as white as silver or snow. A problem even scientists couldn’t deal with was solved by an old
woman who didn’t understand genetics. Was it magic? To take root in the heart, even the most common seed, can
grow into a miracle!
【解析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。文章讲述了一位超过70岁的老人种出了纯白色的金盏花的事情。
本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，园艺学会以高价悬赏纯白色的金盏花，但这并不容易。
就在人们渐渐忘记这个事情的时候，在20年后的一个普通的日子里，一位70多岁的老人寄给园艺协会一
封信和100粒纯白色的金盏花的种子。在人们的质疑声中，一年后，这些种子种出了大片纯白色的金盏花。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：尽管如此，老人还是没有改变主意，毫不犹豫地继续工作。接下来应
该描写老人种植纯白色的金盏花的过程，以及在这个过程中遇到的困难，比如丈夫的去世和孩子的离开，
但老人并没有放弃。第二段开头是：终于，在20年后我们都知道的那一天，她在花园里看到了一朵纯白色
的金盏花。本段应该写老人的坚持获得了成功，她种出了纯白色的金盏花。并阐述这个事情所体现出的道
理，只要坚持，即使是普通人，也能创造奇迹。
最后还要注意所续写短文的基础时态为一般过去时，词数应为150左右，注意遣词造句，不要出现语法错
误和中式英文，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】
本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：hesitation, took good care of, deal with, understand,
miracle等高级词汇和短语；文章恰当的使用了定语从句，如“Finally, after 20 years on the day we all know,
in the garden she saw a pure white marigold, which was not nearly white, but as white as silver or snow.”和“A
problem even scientists couldn’t deal with was solved by an old woman who didn’t understand genetics.”，使文章
表达更加地道。
