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话题九 职业发展、未来规划和创新意识
第一部分 话题词汇积累
单词&短语
1._____________n.牙科医生；牙科诊所
2._____________n.编辑；编者；社论撰写人
3._____________n.预算；开支
1._____________n.(组织或机构中)部、系、科
5._____________n.离开；出发；起程
6._____________v.赚；挣；获利；挣得；挣钱
7._____________adj.有弹性的；灵活的
8._____________adj.渴望的；热切的
9._____________adj.随和的；不严肃的；悠闲的
10._____________n.经济；经济情况；经济结构
11._____________adj.经济的，实惠的，节约的
12._____________v.强调；重读
13._____________adj.受过良好教育的
14._____________n.要素，基本部分；元素
15._____________v.招待，款待；使欢乐
16._____________adj.有效率的，高效能的
17._____________n.环境；客观环境；外界
18._____________adj.最重要的，必不可少的
19._____________v.使尴尬；使窘迫；使困惑；使为难
20._____________n.鼓励；鼓舞；激励；促进
21._____________n.重大事件；比赛项目，体育比赛
22._____________adj.精力充沛的
23._____________v.扩大，扩充；扩展；增大
24._____________adv.最后，终于；终究
25._____________n.工程师
26._____________adj.令人愉快的，有乐趣的
27._____________n.证据；证明；迹象；明显
28._____________n.雇佣，工作
29._____________adj.情感上的；有感染力的；感性的
30._____________adv.全部地，完全地
31.erupt v._____________
32.estimate v._____________
33.exclude v._____________
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】34.earnings n._____________
35.ecology n._____________
36.edition n._____________
37.emerge v._____________
38.empty adj._____________
39.enclose v._____________
40.encounter vt._____________
41.endless adj._____________
42.enhance v._____________
43.enormous adj._____________
44.enquiry/inquiry n._____________
45.enterprise n._____________
46.evaluate v._____________
47.applicant n._____________
48.certificate n._____________
49.be enthusiastic about_________________________
50.be engaged in_____________________
51.为……树立榜样________________________
52.谋生__________________________
53.在某人五十出头的时候__________________________
54.不紧张，放松，不急__________________________
55.用……装备……__________________________
56.毫无例外__________________________
57.不遗余力地做__________________________
58.与……相等/平等；比得上；能胜任__________________________
59.强调；重视__________________________
60.结束，终止__________________________
词汇拓展
1.equal adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相同的，同样的；(力气、勇气、能力等)相当的；能胜任
的；能应付
的n.同等的人；相等物v.(大小、数量、价值等)与……相等，等于；比得上；敌得过；导
致；结果为
【搭配】 be equal to表示“等于”“能胜任”“能应付”等，其中的to是介词(其后接动
词时应用动名词)。
equal意为“等于”“比得上”等，是及物动词，不要受其形容词用法的影响，在其后加介
词to。
They are of________________height.他们一样高。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】He_____________the job of running the office.他能胜任管理办公室的工作。
Six times eight_____________forty-eight.6乘以8等于48。
No man_____________him in strength.没有谁的力气比得上他。
Let x be the_____________of y.假设x等于y。
No one could be his_____________at telling a story.讲故事没有人比得上他。
2.estimate n.(对数量、成本等的)估计；估价；估计的成本v.估价；估算
I can give you a rough_____________of the amount of wood you will need.
我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。
He_____________the speed of the winds from the degree of damage.他根据破坏的程度估算风
速。
It is_____________that the project will last four years.据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
【辨析】
estimate,assess,evaluate的区别
estimate通常指由个人作出的主观估价。猜测一个大概的数值，比如成本、数量等等。
assess原义指为确定交多少税而估计，引申指通过估价以便更好地利用。
evaluate指使判断绝对准确，但多用于对人物的某方面的评价，很少用于评价某物的市场价
值。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.She was seventeen and she had no education o_____________r(employ).
2.He is engaged_____________the development of anew generation of computer.
3.Choose the hand you often use so that you can apply it_____________(flexible).
4.Only with a healthy and strong body can we live a_____________(energy)and vigorous life.
5.In 1912 women's events_____________(add),and the modern Olympic programme began to
take shape.
二、翻译句子
1.She didn't feel equal to receiving visitors.
________________________________________________________________
2.雷锋为我们树立了全心全意为人民服务的榜样。(set)
________________________________________________________________
3.只有当你不遗余力时，你才能获得大的成就。(spare no effort)
________________________________________________________________
4.人人都渴望成功，但成功只属于努力奋斗的人。(eager)
________________________________________________________________
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Recent data released from the Department of Labor in the US show that for the first time in
10 years, women make up more than half (50.04%)of the workforce. Many have celebrated this
milestone as proof that women are inching toward equality in the workplace. After all, a symbol of
women's equality in America has always been increased via labor force participation.
For women in today's economy, however, increased employment also carries an increased
burden. Women earn less, have less flexibility in terms of their work schedules to meet caretaking
demands, and are more likely to experience discrimination based on gender or sexual harassment
than their male counterparts in the workforce.
Women earn less than men in nearly every occupation for which there is available data. If we
do nothing, women will not reach economic equality with men until 2059.For women of color, it
will take more than a century:2130 for black women and 2224 for Hispanic women(those from
Latin America).This means women will have to work longer or hold multiple jobs to make ends
meet and to care for their families.
Increased employment among women has not translated into less work at home. Many
women in the workforce are still primarily responsible for the lion's share of housework and
caretaking responsibilities compared with men.
A new study by Oxfam America-Institute for Women's Policy Research finds that women in
the United States spend 37%more time on household and care work than their male counterparts,
limiting career choices and economic mobility, and affecting their overall health and well-being.
Black and Hispanic women spend nearly twice as much time on unpaid housework and caretaking
demands as their male counterparts.
Much has been made about our strong economy as measured by how well the stock market
performs and low unemployment. There's no doubt the increase in workforce participation among
women will help boost this narrative. However, it does not mean that women are more
economically secure.
In today's economy, working and middle-class families continue to struggle with rising
housing and health care costs, stagnant wages and a shift to a technology-driven economy fueled
by automation and the loss of manufacturing jobs. These trends have an extreme impact on
women.
12.Why have people celebrated women's taking up more than half of the workforce?
A.Because women are likely to replace men in some fields.
B.Because that is the symbol of labor force participation.
C.Because it indicates more equality for women at workplace.
D.Because the data was released from the Department of Labor.
13.The numbers in Para.3 are used to emphasize that
A.women's inequality is a hard nut to crack. B.women have to bear an increased burden.
C.women earn less than men in every occupation.D.women of color see no hope to reach equality.
14.Why doesn't women's employment mean women are more economically secure?
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A.Manufacturing jobs are increased by high-tech automation.
B.The trends in today's economy are unfavourable to women.
C.Economy is measured by the performance of the stock market.
D.Women are responsible for rising housing and health care costs.
15.Which would be the best title for this passage?
A.Women's Participation and Economic growth.
B.Over Half of Women Have Entered the Workforce.
C.Women Spend More Time on Household Than Men.
D.Women's Increased Employment Carries Increased Burden.
（B）阅读理解
A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and
sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but
advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.
Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have
been hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual
meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain
nervous system,” as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could
ultimately experience pain. Such a feeling might also allow a robot to “sympathize” with a human
companion’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that
reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic looking child’s
head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.
A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions
between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern
California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of
others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care for people in need, the elderly, for instance.
But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a
painful strike and a robot that’s able to compute an internal feeling accurately, says Damasio, a
neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect
touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,”
Damasio says. ‘It’s a device for communication of the machine to a human.” While that’s an
interesting development, “it’s not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute some sort of
internal experience, he says.
36．What do we know about the “pain nervous system”?
A．It is named Affetto by scientists. B．It is a set of complicated sensors.
C．It is able to signal different emotions. D．It combines sensors and artificial skin.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】37．What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Delivered. B．Translated. C．Attached. D．Adapted.
38．What does Damasio consider as an interesting development?
A．Robots can smile when talked to.
B．Robots can talk to human beings.
C．Robots can compute internal feelings
D．Robots can detect pains and respond accordingly.
39．What can be the best title of the text?
A．Machines Become Emotional B．Robots Inch to Feeling Pain
C．Human Feelings Can Be Felt D．New Devices Touch Your Heart
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
