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话题十六 灾害与防范安全意识
第一部分 话题词汇积累
单词&短语
1. virus n._______________
2. visa n._______________
3.vivid adj._______________
4. volcano n._______________
5.weep_______________—(过去式)_______________一(过去分词)v.
6.drought n_______________
7.whistle n._______________
8. winding adj._______________
9.wounded adj._______________
10. wooden adj._______________
11. wool(1)en adj._______________
12.withdraw_______________(过去式)一_______________(过去分词)v.
13.wrap_______________(过去式)_______________-(过去分词)v.
14.wrestle v._______________
15. sandstorm n._______________
16.flood n._______________
17.yell v._______________
18.overexploitation n._______________
19.desertification n._______________
20.yawn v._______________
21. yogurt n._______________
22.zebra n._______________
23.zip n._______________
24. zone n._______________
25._______________n.访问者；参观者；视察者；候鸟；游客
26._______________n.词汇；词表；词汇量
27._______________n.志愿者；志愿兵；义工
_______________adj.志愿的，自愿的
28_______________n.航行；航程；旅行记；航海
29._______________n.工资，薪金；报酬；代价，报应
30._______________---_______________(过去式)一_______________(过去分词)v.醒来；唤
醒；唤起
31._______________n.皮夹，钱夹；钱包
32._______________v.漫游，漫步，闲逛；迷路；离题；游荡
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】33._______________n.温暖；热情；激动
34._______________n.衰弱；虚弱；弱点；软弱；劣势；缺点
35._______________adj.丰富的，富裕的；富有的；充分的
36._______________v.使……变宽
_______________adv.广泛地，非常地
_______________n.宽
37._______________---_______________(过去式)-_______________(过去分词)v.穿戴；蓄(发，
须)
38._______________n.天气；气象；气候；处境
39._______________n.工作日；平日，普通日
40._______________n.智慧；明智；才智；学识；至理名言
41._______________adj.传播广的，普遍的；广泛的；分布广的
42._______________adj.世界性的；遍及全球的；全世界的
43._______________adj.无价值的，无用的；卑微的Phrases
44._______________至关重要
45.迫不及待做某事________________________________
46.watch out for________________________________
47.give way to________________________________
48.挡某人的道，妨碍某人________________________________
49.品种繁多的________________________________
50.有坚强的意志________________________________
51.乐意做某事________________________________
52.失信；食言________________________________
53.与……谈一谈________________________________
54.与……争论________________________________
55.换句话说________________________________
56.遵守诺言________________________________
57.算出；解决；制定出________________________________
58.破旧的；筋疲力尽的________________________________
59.值得做________________________________
60.一年到头________________________________
61.人口增长________________________________
62.wildlife conservation________________________________
63.endangered species________________________________
64.commercial fishing________________________________
65.destructive earthquake________________________________
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】66.自然灾害________________________________
词汇拓展
1.wear v.穿；戴；佩戴；蓄，留(发、须等);流露，面带，呈现(某种神态)n.(尤用于商
店)……时穿的衣服，衣着；穿着；穿戴；佩戴；耐用性
On the first day he went to school,the boy___________his school cap proudly.
上学的第一天，男孩骄傲地戴上了他的校帽。
___________a smile often,and you will feel young always.笑口常开，青春常在。
The ship is___________its colours. 那条船挂着船旗。
The footsteps of thousands of visitors had___________away the steps of Mountain Tai.
数以千计的游客的脚步磨损了泰山上的台阶。
Better to___________out than rust out.
[谚语]与其锈掉，不如用坏；与其闲死，不如忙死。
2.work out想出，得到(解决方法);解(谜);计算出，解出(数学题答案);计算下来(为);(如期)发
生；进展(顺利);圆满结束；完成；继续(服役)至期满
I believe that you can___________this problem by yourself.
我相信你自己能做出这道题的。
To___________a plan,one has to start with investigation.制定计划要从调查研究入手。
The police___________a plan to catch the thief.警察制定出了策略来捉贼。
People involved in it think it's a nightmare,but I'm sure it will___________itself___________.
参与者都觉得这是一场噩梦，但我相信其结局会是圆满的。
I___________regularly to keep fit.我经常做运动以保持健康。
The mine has been___________这个矿已经被开采完了。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I couldn't wait___________(step)inside because I knew something wonderful was always
waiting for me,a special dish or a special treat.
2. Electricity provides us with___________(warm)and light and all our modern home comfort.
3.It is without doubt that the development of science and technology is ___________vital
importance to human advancement.
4.I can be very patient,and then I can burst if my nerves are ___________(wear)out.
5.Studying abroad can help___________(wide)our horizon. It's important to our career
development in the future.
二、翻译句子
1.The mobile library services have been reorganised—in other words,they visit fewer places.
________________________________________________________________
2.我们可以找到解决这个问题的方法。(workout)
________________________________________________________________
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】3.这台钟简直不值得修理。(be worth)
________________________________________________________________
4.他们总是愿意认真倾听并尽量提出建议。(be willing to)
________________________________________________________________
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a fulltime staff of fire prevention professionals.They
inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems，fire
alarms，and fire extinguishers (灭火器)．They also provide educational programs on fire safety
in the residence halls.Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull
stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems
which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm
systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.For your safety, never
tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems.False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester.During a fire drill, please
do the following：
·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher
only if you have been trained to do so.Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a
dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of
a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detectors
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room.Some buildings also have heat detectors on
the ceilings.Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector：
·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on.If the red light is not
blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．To provide parttime jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A．Pipes and smoke detectors.
B．Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C．Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.
3．In a fire drill, the students should ________．
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
4．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A．Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B．Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C．Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D．Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
5．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should ________．
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
（B）完形填空
（2022·四川·绵阳中学模拟预测）On a cold November night, Layton was on his way home
when he got an urgent call from his mother. “The mountain’s on fire.” she ___1___, “and many
rental guests were up there.”
Layton’s family ___2___ a dozen rental cottages on Shields Mountain. At the thought of
this, Layton ___3___ the gas on the dirt back road.
He ___4___ first to Layton’s rental cottages to make sure whether his guests were ___5___.
Fortunately, all his guests were. At that point, he made up his mind to ___6___ his cottages to
rescue tourists ___7___ other cottages nearby.
Over the next two hours, he travelled through the ___8___ mountain, knocking on doors
and leading ___9___ people to safety. Knowing the mountain so well, he drove one after another
family down the mountain on roads ____10____ in smoke in his pickup. When one family was
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】____11____ from the fire, Layton would take the pickup ____12____ up the mountain in search
of another ____13____ person. He helped one elderly woman flee barefoot ____14____ hot
road surface to reach his car and found a man unconscious in a burning cottage and ____15____
him to his car. Thankfully, he helped 14 people out of danger despite that he had ____16____
escaped the burns.
____17____ his brave and immediate action, the fire didn’t ____18____ a single life on Shields
Mountain. And though his business were destroyed, Layton remains ____19____ “I wasn’t
worried about the property ____20____, not when I saw those families trapped on the mountain.”
he says, “I knew I was gonna help them.”
1．A．explained B．declared C．cried D．screamed
2．A．shared B．owned C．rented D．built
3．A．hit B．stamped C．stepped D．pressed
4．A．walked B．flew C．headed D．ran
5．A．gone B．missing C．scared D．awake
6．A．fix B．save C．sell D．leave
7．A．touring B．renting C．repairing D．deserting
8．A．smoky B．foggy C．cloudy D．rainy
9．A．worried B．hesitant C．wounded D．panicked
10．A．highlighted B．ruined C．covered D．lost
11．A．happy B．safe C．far D．contented
12．A．back B．home C．away D．out
13．A．disabled B．desperate C．waiting D．trapped
14．A．across B．along C．through D．over
15．A．led B．pulled C．carried D．pushed
16．A．nearly B．narrowly C．accidentally D．occasionally
17．A．Apart from B．Due to C．Except for D．As for
18．A．claim B．spare C．protect D．drop
19．A．intelligent B．delighted C．philosophical D．critical
20．A．income B．price C．value D．damage
（C）阅读理解
The proliferation(激增)of fires in the Amazon rainforest drew international attention in
August 2019, especially when French President Emmanuel Macron called for urgent action. Since
then, the eyes of the world have shifted elsewhere as House Democrats launched an
impeachment(弹劾)inquiry against President Donald Trump.
Meanwhile, the Amazon continued to burn. The number of fires decreased by 35% in
September 2019, but experts say this is merely a slowdown in a crisis with global
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】repercussions(反响). There were still 19,925 fire outbreaks in September 2019 on the Brazilian
part of the rainforest, which accounts for nearly 65% of the Amazon basin. Moreover, through the
first nine months of 2019, the number of fires soared by 41% compared to the same period in
2018, Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research (INPE) reported.
Higher rainfall totals than usual since the beginning of September 2019 and measures taken
under mounting pressure by Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro—who deployed the military
to the Amazon and imposed a twomonth ban on clearing land through fires—contributed
to the burning decline.
“The factors that led to such widespread fires in the first place—decreased enforcement of
forestlaw, illegal deforestation for agriculture and invasion of native territories—remain in place,”
said Nigel Sizer, Chief Program Officer for the advocacy organization Rainforest Alliance. “It is
good news that there are fewer fires in the Amazon right now, but this is a short-term pause from
the larger problem.”
That problem centers on deforestation through systematically chopping down trees, which are
either logged or burned, mostly to convert the land for raising cattle and growing
crops. The practice has expanded from a small scale to an industrial production, leading to about
20% of the Brazilian Amazon having been cleared since 1970.
1．Who raised international attention to the proliferation of fires in the Amazon rainforest?
A．Emmanuel Macron.
B．Donald Trump.
C．Nigel Sizer.
D．Jair Bolsonaro.
2．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A．There are more fires in Amazon now than ever before.
B．There were more fires in Amazon in August 2019 than in September 2019.
C．The proliferation of fires covers most of the wide area in Amazon.
D．The fires in the Amazon rainforest is still burning with international attention.
3．What’s the main cause of the widespread fires in the Amazon rainforest?
A．Decreased enforcement of forest law.
B．Invasion of native territories.
C．Serious deforestation for agriculture.
D．The shor-term pause of the proliferation of fires.
4．From which is the text probably taken?
A．A biology textbook.
B．A gardening magazine.
C．A newspaper.
D．A travel brochure.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
