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第13讲 –冠词(练)
时间 :50分钟 满分:50分
姓名________________ 得数___________________
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每个1分,共25分)
1.【浙江杭州高级中学2020届高三上学期期末】I knew ________ student in a previous school who used to go
out and swing in a park between lessons.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。我认识以前学校的一个学生,他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处 student是首次出
现,所以应是泛指,用不定冠词a。故填a。
2.【安徽省皖南八校2021届高三第一次联考】After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in at
the former Governor-General’s palace, which is now the “Presidential Palace,” as the provisional President of the
Republic of China. He kept offices here for ________while.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查固定短语。他曾暂时在这里办过公。for a while“暂时”,是固定短语,故填a。
3. 【吉林省吉林市2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试】After returning home, Li opened _______ online shop
to sell mostly food products.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意:回家后,李开了一家网店,主要销售食品。分析句子可知,句中泛指开了“一
家”网店,故应用不定冠词修饰,online音标第一个音素为元音音素,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
4.【江苏省2020-2021学年百校联考高三第二次考试】But ______ results support existing healthy eating
advice to limit red and processed meat, and to eat plenty of vegetables, fruit and other protein sources such as nuts
and legumes (豆类).
【答案】the
【解析】查冠词。句意:但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议,即限制红肉和加工肉类,多吃蔬菜、水
果和其他蛋白质来源,如坚果和豆类。这里的 the results特指这次实验的结果,需用定冠词the修饰。故填
the。
5.【江苏省南京29中、南菁中学等四校2021届高三12月联考】The expression “a blue moon” has come to
refer to ________________ second full moon occurring in any given calendar month.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:“蓝月亮”一词指的是在任何一个特定的日历月中发生的第二次满月。由句意
及second可知此处表示“第二次”,序数词表示顺序时前面应用定冠词修饰,故填the。6. 【江苏省南京市六校联合体2021届高三上学期联考】A student, Tom, told the BBC that to him, a gap year
was _________ ‘alien concept’. He said “it would have been far too expensive and it's not something that I would
have been able to rely on my parents or family members for.”
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意:一位名叫汤姆的学生告诉BBC,对他来说,空档年是一个“陌生的概念”。
concept是可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且 alien是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用 an。故填
an。
7. 【江苏省天一中学、南京师范大学附属中学、海安中学2021届高三12月联考】A company in Yancheng,
Jiangsu province reportedly introduced an internal document requiring all employees to stop using iPhones, and
those who switched to Huawei would get ________bonus.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:据报道,江苏盐城的一家公司发布了一份内部文件,要求所有员工停止使用
iphone,转而使用华为的员工将获得奖金。bonus为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且 bonus是发音
以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。
8.【江苏省扬州市2020-2021学年高三上学期期末考试适应性练习】After some research, the headmistress,
Rosie McColl, said she discovered a swing would be beneficial. She said, “I knew 58 . student in a previous
school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. Currently, what we are doing is bringing the swing
into the school to help build a culture. This leads to better results for students in terms of both their wellbeing and
academic achievement.”
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:她说:“我认识以前学校的一个学生,他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处
student是首次出现,所以应是泛指,用不定冠词a。故填a。
9.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or
another always got in way.
【答案】a; the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:多年来,简的奶奶一直想写一本儿童书籍,但总是被这样或那样的事情阻碍。第一
空泛指一本儿童书籍,且children读音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a;第二空get in the way是固定搭配,意为
“挡道,阻碍”。
10.To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered apology of his
own.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。此处空格后面的apology读音以元音音素开头,根据语境可知,此处表示“向她给予他个人的道歉”,故用an。
11.University is most worthwhile time of discovery and learning, and it is also
very enjoyable and valuable experience for every one of us.
【答案】a; a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:大学是一段探索和学习的非常有价值的时光,而且对于我们每个人来说也是一次
很快乐、很有价值的经历。第一空比较特殊,语境中没有明确的范围,故不用最高级,此处most意为“很,非
常”;experience意为“经历”时是可数名词,在这里是泛指,所以前面需要用不定冠词。
12.Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them second
thought.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。序数词前一般要用the,表示“第几”的概念,而此处表示“又一”的概念,故用不定冠词
a。
13. It’s not only ______ great responsibility but ______ great honor for a city to be chosen to host the Olympic
Games.
【答案】 a;a
【解析】考查冠词。对一个城市而言,能被选上举办奥运会,不仅是一份责任也是一种荣幸。
responsibility “责任”,是可数名词,根据It’s可知句中用的单数形式,所以前面要用不定冠词a;honor
“使感到光荣的事或人,荣幸”,是可数名词,前面有great修饰,前面要使用不定冠词a。故填a;a。
14.The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve people’s well-being and dream
of harmony, peace and development.
【答案】a; a
【解析】考查冠词。句意:“中国梦”是一个增强人们幸福感的梦,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。to improve
people’s well-being和of harmony, peace and development是后置定语,修饰dream。冠词a用在dream前,说明
是“一个……的梦”。
15. She has basic knowledge of computers, which gives her some advantages in job-hunting.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。knowledge本是不可数名词,而此处被形容词修饰,是抽象名词具体化,故用不定冠词a修
饰。a…knowledge of…表示“对……有……了解”。
16. Do you like cheese? If so, when you stay with ______ French host family, be sure to spare some space in your
stomach for the dessert.
【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。如果是这样的话,当你住在法国主人家时,一定要在肚子里留点地方吃甜点。设空处
用来修饰family,表示泛指,应用不定冠词。故填a。
17. I knew ________ student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。我认识以前学校的一个学生,他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处 student是首次出
现,所以应是泛指,用不定冠词a。故填a。
18.After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in at the former Governor-General’s palace, which
is now the “Presidential Palace,” as the provisional President of the Republic of China. He kept offices here for
________while.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查固定短语。他曾暂时在这里办过公。for a while“暂时”,是固定短语,故填a。
19. After returning home, Li opened _______ online shop to sell mostly food products.
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意:回家后,李开了一家网店,主要销售食品。句中泛指开了“一家”网店,故应
用不定冠词修饰,online音标第一个音素为元音音素,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
20. My aunt Carmeleta was _______wife of my mother’s youngest brother Fred.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:我的舅妈 Carmeleta是我妈妈最小的弟弟Fred的妻子。wife此处特指“我妈妈
最小的弟弟Fred的妻子”,前面应用定冠词。故填the。
21. We can never expect ________bluer sky unless we create ________less polluted world.
【答案】a; a
【解析】考查冠词。除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界,否则我们永远无法期待一个更蓝的天空。sky前
有形容词比较级bluer修饰,world前有形容词比较级less polluted修饰,因此其前要用不定冠词,表示“一
个更蓝的天空”“一个污染更少的世界”,故填a; a。
22. boy in a black hat is my brother. He often plays chess with my friends.
【答案】The; /
【解析】考查冠词。句意:戴着黑帽子的那个男孩是我的弟弟。他常常和我的朋友们下棋。第一空表示特指
用the;play chess表示“下棋”,不加冠词。
23.The teacher praised me for progress I’d made, which was great
encouragement to me.
【答案】the; a【解析】考查冠词。句意:老师因为我取得的进步而表扬我,这对我是一个很大的鼓励。progress后有定语从
句修饰,意为“我取得的进步”,为特指;a great encouragement 意为“鼓励;起激励作用的事物”,此处
encouragement为可数名词。
24. My parents approached the site, which was still wet from ________heavy rain.
【答案】 a
【解析】考查冠词。我的父母来到了工地,那里被大雨淋得湿漉漉的。rain是物质名词,前面不用冠词,
即使使用冠词也应用the,但这里rain前有形容词heavy修饰,因此rain就具体化了,表示“一场大雨”要
用不定冠词,设空处后的heavy是以辅音音素开头的,故填a。
25.Developing sense of humour is part of becoming a mature, emotionally healthy individual.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。a sense of humour 是固定短语,意为“幽默感”。类似短语有a sense of direction, a sense
of duty等。
Ⅱ.单项选择(每个1分,共15分)
1.【2016·浙江】2.______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.
A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the,是特指“获胜者的奖
品”,用定冠词,第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”,用不定冠词a。故选A。
2.【2015·四川卷】 Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.
A. a B. an
C. the D.不填
【答案】A
【解析】此处表示“下一个贝多芬”,应使用不定冠词。句意:布赖恩在谱曲上有天赋,他很可能成为下
一个贝多芬。
3. 【2015·陕西卷】________more learned a man is,________ more modest he usually becomes.
A. The; the B. A; a
C. The; a D. A; the
【答案】A
【解析】此处冠词构成“the +比较级…, the +比较级…”句型,表示“越……就越……”。故选A。
句意:一个人学的东西越多,他就会越谦虚。
4.【2015·浙江卷】 Jane's grandmother had wanted to write ________ children's book for many years, but onething or another always got in ________ way.
A. a; / B. the; the
C. /; the D. a; the
【答案】D
【解析】句意:简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书,但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a
children's book中的a表示“一本”,所以用不定冠词a;而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法,表示“挡
道,阻碍”,所以用定冠词the。综合以上内容可知选D项。本题的第一空有些考生可能会错选the,认为
是特定情况,但要注意the表示确切的某地或某时的状况,而此处没有限定children's book的相关信息。
5. 【2015·重庆卷】I just heard________ bank where Dora works was robbed by________ gunman wearing a
mask.
A. the; / B. a; / C. the; a D. a; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意:我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示
朵拉工作的那家银行,可知表示特指,用the;第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指,用a。
6.(2021·黑龙江佳木斯市·佳木斯一中)All these changes will lead to ______stronger and more powerful
China, ______country that can surprise and enrich our planet.
A.a; a B.a; the C.the; a D.the; the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意:这些变化将导致一个更强大、更有力的中国,一个能够给我们的星球带来惊喜
和丰富的国家。根据句意可知,第一空泛指“一个更强大、更有力的中国”,应用不定冠词;第二空是
China的同位语,泛指“一个……的国家”,也应用不定冠词。故选A。
7.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中)The two rooms are of ________ size, but another room is three times
________ size of them.
A.the; a B.a; the C.a; a D.the; the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意:这两个房间大小相同,但另一个房间是它们的三倍大。第一空处使用固定搭配,
“Sb./Sth. be of +a +表示种类、数量、度量等的抽象名词”表示(人或物)“具有某种共同特征”,该名
词前常用不定冠词修饰;第二空处使用固定句型“A + be +倍数 + the + 表示度量等的抽象名词+ of+ B”,
用来表示“A是B的……倍”,该句型中在名词前常用定冠词the。综上,故选B。
8.(2021·云南高三学业考试)What _______________ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive
_______________ prize.A.the; a B.a; the C.a; a D.a; /
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意:你没能到那儿领奖,真遗憾。空格一涉及固定句型“What a pity +that从句”,
意为“……真遗憾”,故空格一应填不定冠词a。根据句意可知,空格二特指“你应该领取的奖品”,故
空格二应填定冠词the,表示特指。故选B项。
9.(2021·黑龙江牡丹江一中高三期末)The student, who gave his life to save a child, was ______ honor to our
school. A memorial is held here every year in ______ honor of him.
A.an; the B.an; / C.the; the D.a;/
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意:那个为了救一个孩子而献出生命的学生,是我们学校的光荣。这里每年都会举
行追悼会纪念他。固定短语 in honor of,意为“为了纪念......”,所以第二空不用冠词。据此可排除选项
A、选项C;另honor为元音开头,所以第一空要用an;表示“一个(件)引以为荣的(事/人)”。故选B。
10.(2021·天津市天津中学高三月考)The Smiths don’t usually like staying at hotels, but last
summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.
A./; a B.the; the C./; the D.the; a
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意:Smith一家人通常不爱呆在旅馆里,可是去年夏天他们在海边的一个很舒适的
旅馆里度过几天。第一空表旅馆类别,用名词复数(零冠词);第二空指“在海边”,属特指,用the。故
选C。
11.(2021·天津河西区·高三三模)The driver was at ___ loss when ____word came that he was forbidden to
drive for speeding.
A.a; / B.a; the
C.the; the D./; /
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意:当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候,司机不知所措。固定搭配:at a
loss“困惑,不知所措”。句中word的意思是“消息”,此时word用作不可数名词,因此前面不加冠词。
故选A。
12.(2021·天津市实验中学滨海学校高三其他模拟)The education of _______young is always _______ hot
and serious topic in modern society.
A.the; / B.a; the C./; the D.the; a
【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。句意:青少年教育一直是现代社会的一个热门和严肃的话题。第一空填the,the young
指年轻人,第二空填a,a hot and serious topic“一个热门和严肃的问题”。选D。
13.(2021·福建省武平县第一中学) The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well-
being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.
A.the; a B.a; a
C.a; the D.the; the
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词用法。句意:中国梦是提高人们幸福感的梦想,也是中国和谐,和平和发展的梦想。在
此dream都是泛指的,冠词a用在dream前,说明是“一个……的梦想”。故选B。
14.(2021·天津高三一模)--- It is reported that there is______big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.
---If only my son could be brought back to ________life.
A.a; the B.the; the C.a; \ D.\; a
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意:---据报道,在癌症治疗方面有了重大突破。---要是我儿子能活过来就好了。分
析题意,breakthrough译为”突破“时,为可数名词。此处需在其前加a / an 表示泛指,big以辅音因素开
头,故需用a。bring back to life 译为”使复活 ”,此处为固定短语。故life前用零冠词。综上,故选C项。
15.(2021·黑龙江实验中学)Although ______ motor car has been with us for almost a century, I have never
been able to drive _______ American one.
A.the; an B.a; a C.a; the D.the; the
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意:虽然汽车已经伴随我们将近一个世纪了,但我还从未开过美式汽车。第一空,
表示“一类”事物,特指汽车这类交通工具,前面应用定冠词the;第二空,泛指一辆美式汽车,应用不定
冠词,且American是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用an。故选A。
III.高考试题(每个1分,共10分)
1. 【2020·浙江卷】This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then,with 64 . rise of science,changes
began.
【答案】the
【解析】考查定冠词。句意:随着科学的崛起,事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”
是固定短语。故填the。
2.【2020·全国新课标II】The plum trees are 70 . _______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).
They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first前要加
定冠词the。故填the。
3.【2019·浙江卷】Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词,意思是“相同的”,常与the连
用修饰名词。故填the。
4. 【2019·新课标II卷】When we got a call saying she was short-listed,we thought it was ___69___ joke.
【答案】a
【解析】a 考查冠词。根据前面We don't have any idea who put grandma forward我们不知道谁提名了祖母,
以及she was short-listed接到电话说她入围了,开始我们以为这是一个玩笑,a joke一个玩笑,故填a。
5.【2018·全国II】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country has grown
more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has
increased only 7 percent.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意:玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%,而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过
去的25年里。故填the。
6.【2018·全国III】I'm not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears
out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face
with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of,此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
7.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】As 65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something
missing.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是,人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。
故填a。
8.【2017·全国卷Ⅱ】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over
________ top.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。9.【2017·全国卷Ⅲ】She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking
forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending
halfterm resting. Instead, she is earning £6,500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知,萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个,是泛指;而且 model的第一
个音素是辅音音素,故用不定冠词a。
10.【2017·浙江卷6月考】For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”,所以需要不定冠词a。