文档内容
专题 14 特殊句式(讲义)
目 录
考点 特殊句式 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页
【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
页
考向1 考查强调句型-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
页
考向 2 考查倒装句--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
页
考向3 考查省略句----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
页
考向4 考查there be句型等特殊句型-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
页
【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页
1．强调结构--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
页
2． 倒装句---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
页
3．省略句---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
页
4．感叹句---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
页
5．there be 句型------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
页
【题型特训·命题预测】-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6页
预测考向1 查强调句型-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
页
预测考向2 考查倒装句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
页
预测考向3 考查省略句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
页
预测考向4 考查there be等其他特殊句式------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
页考点 特殊句式
总结高考考点，探究特殊句式的命题规律。
近年来，高考特殊句式主要考查：在书面表达中考查强调句型、和倒装句的运用；状语从句的省略
（主要体现在非谓语动词中）；偶尔在语法填空中考查强调句型。考向1 考查强调句型
1.(2023·安徽省高中毕业班第三次联考) It wasn’t until the Ming and Qing dynasties ________ the seal’s usage
moved from the imperial to the personal, due to the expansion of arts.
2.（2023·河南省郑州高三联考） ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat
meat.
3.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷 读后续写范文) _____________________________, my social studies teacher.
是你让我爱上了写作，我的社会研究老师。
4.（2021·全国高考新高考Ⅰ卷 读后续写范文）It was ______________________________________ that
moved her very much. 不仅是早餐，而且是孩子们对她的爱，使她非常感动。
5.（2022·新高考 I 卷·读后续写）______________________________that could make something unusual
happen finally.正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念最终使不寻常的事情发生。
6.（2021·全国高考新高考Ⅰ卷·应用文） In my memory, _________________________ through my whole
high school.在我的记忆中，是《青春》陪伴着我度过了整个高中。
7.（2021年1月浙江卷·应用文）________________________________________ so many interesting things
about your country together, through which I learned a lot about your food, culture and history.正是在那
个节日上，你们一起分享了很多关于你们国家的有趣的事情，通过这些事情，我学到了很多关于你们的食
物、文化和历史。
考向2 考查倒装句
1.（2023年浙江高三模拟测试） Not until I returned________I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.
2．(2023·聊城二模)Not until he went through real hardship__________he realize the love we have for our
families is important.
3．(2019·江苏卷)The professor warned the students that on no account__________they use mobile phones in his
class.
4.（2023·全国乙卷·应用文范文）__________ that this journey would be so meaningful for me. 我几乎不知道
这次旅行对我来说会如此有意义。
5. （ 2020· 山 东 卷 · 应 用 文 范 文 ） The activity was highly spoken of, because
___________________________________, but also made us more cohesive.这项活动被高度评价，因为它不仅
为我们提供了锻炼的机会，而且还使我们更有凝聚力。
6.（2020·山东卷·读后续写范文）After that ___________________, , but he also added cream and salt to the
popcorn to make it taste better. 在那之后，他不仅卖爆米花，而且还在爆米花中加入奶油和盐，使其味道更
好。
7.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷 读后续写范文)Then came_______________ .然后,一个重要的日子到来了。
8.(2021 年 新 高 考 I 卷 · 读 后 续 写 范 文 ) __________________________,I still received some great
encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer.尽管我被拒绝了，但我仍然得到了一些巨大的鼓励，这给了我成为一名作家的信心。
考向3 考查省略句
1. (2023年浙江宁波镇海中学模拟) When________ (write), many calligraphers will forget all worries and even
themselves, combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.
2.（2023年上海市高三模拟试题）Although__________(face) with all kinds of difficulties, he never wanted to
give up.
3.（2023·全国乙卷·书面表达）At first, I felt a little awkward when _________________.一开始，当我在
球场上面对别人时，我感到有点尴尬。
4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·应用文范文)Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if ______
who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.此外，如果与与他们无法相处或难
以交流的人配对，学生可能会感到不舒服或不那么积极。
5.（2021年1月浙江卷·应用文）___________________, all of you will visit the museum, which contains
the splendid history of our school.你们大家将如期参观博物馆，里面有我们学校的辉煌历史。
考向4 考查there be句型等特殊句型
1.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写范文)A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest,______________.
几周后，我几乎忘记了比赛，消息来了。
2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写范文）If you desire to challenge yourself, ________________with others’
thoughts.如果你想挑战自己，那就与别人的想法无关。
3.（2019年6月浙江卷·读后续写范文）No words are strong enough to convey ______________________.
没有什么有力的话来表达我的感激。
特殊句式考点的必备知识：
1．强调结构
1．强调句型。
(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主
语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
He asked what it was that made him so upset.
他询问究竟是什么让他如此难过。
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
【易错提醒】强调句型亦可用于宾语从句中，但注意语序要用陈述句语序。
It was not until he took off his sunglasses that I realized him.
直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他。
(4)not...until句型的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until...＋that＋句子其他部分。
2．强调谓语动词。用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可
以用于祈使句。
2. 倒装句
1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely,
little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also..., not
until, nowhere, neither...nor...等。
Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。
2．only＋状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。
Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.
讨论这个问题数小时后他们才做出决定。
3．作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句
首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常把作状语的介词短语置于句首。
Through the window came in the sweet music.
从窗户里飘出美妙的音乐。
4．so/such...that...结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒
装。
So frightened was she that she could not say a word.
她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。
Such great progress did he make that he was praised.
他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。
5．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主
语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。
6．as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as引导的让步状语从句中必须将表语、状语(形容词、副
词、分词)或实义动词提前，构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分”的形式。
使用as进行倒装时需要注意的是：
(1)句首是单数可数名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。
Pop star as she is, she still needs to improve.
尽管她已是很受欢迎的歌手，但仍需要提高。
(2)句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实
义动词一起放在主语之前。
Fail as I did, I would never give up.尽管我失败了，但我不放弃。
3.省略句
1．复合句中的省略。
在用as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what, until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，
而主语又与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。
All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.这本书里的相片，除非有说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。
2．动词不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略。
在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话
或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号
to。
3．so/not构成替代省略。
英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在I'm afraid/I hope/I think/I
guess/I believe等开头的答句中；条件状语从句中有时也有类似的用法，如：if so/if not等。
It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。
4. 感叹句
1．what引导的感叹句
what引导的感叹句 示例
What＋a/an＋(adj.)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓
What a good heart you have!你的心肠真好！
语！
What＋(adj.)＋不可数名词/复数名词＋主语＋谓 What interesting stories he's told us!
语！ 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！
how引导的感叹句 示例
How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ How clever the boy is!这个男孩多么聪明啊！
How clever a boy he is! 他是一个多么聪明的男孩
How＋adj.＋a/an＋单词名词＋主语＋谓语！
啊！
How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! 光阴似箭！
5． there be 句型
There be 句型表示“某时间/空间存在/有……”，there本身没有词义，谓语动词be后面的名词/代词是
主语。be可以有不同的时态，可以和情态动词连用。There be结构中的谓语动词be有时可用remain, stand,
lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur, happen to be, appear to be, seem to be , used to be等替换。
Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
There have been many great changes in our country since then.
从那以后，我国发生了许多巨大的变化。
a．There be句型中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。
There is a flower in the bottle.
瓶中有一朵花。
There are five books on the desk.
桌上有五本书。
b．若There be句型中主语为并列结构，be的数和人称遵循就近原则。There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.
房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。
There are ten students and a teacher in the office.
办公室里有十个学生和一个老师。
c. there be结构的非谓语动词形式
There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
I expect there to be no argument about this.
我希望在这方面不会有任何争论。
I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.
我从没想过会有什么好机会。
There being nothing else to do，we went home. (there be句型的独立主格结构)
由于我们无事可做，我们就回家了。
there be句型的常考句型：
There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事
There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/ with sth.做某事(没)有困难
There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that...(做)某事(没)有可能
【2024年高考命题预测】
根据高考考情分析2024年高考将：在书面表达中考查强调句型、和倒装句的运用；状语从句的省略
（主要体现在非谓语动词中）；偶尔在语法填空中考查强调句型。
预测考向1 考查强调句型
1．(2023·湖南省雅礼十六校高三联考)It was only when I has turned the corner of the street that________ I
realized, too late, that his name was Tony and the time was late afternoon.
2．(2023·内蒙古包头市高三阶段检测)It was his uncle, a doctor, ________ saved him.
3．(2023·江苏省扬州市宝应中学高三检测)It wasn't until the 1990s ________ restorative efforts really began
to turn the building around.
预测考向2 考查倒装句
1．(2024·广东省高三阶段性质量检测)Among this year's unique suite offerings ________ (be) the “Elephant
in the Room”．
2．(2023·河北省张家口市高三第三次模拟考试)Not only ________ it help lower stress and anxiety levels,
but it'll also remind you that you can do anything you put your mind to.3．(2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三考试)Beneath our feet ________ (lie) the earth that our life depends
on for food and clothing.
预测考向3 考查省略句
1.Though not ________(know) to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the
cage.
2.（2024·陕西省西安市阎良区关山中学第一次质量检测）Though (attack) with cancer, he still
keeps optimistic.
3．（2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学第二次验收）They landed safely on the island in the Pacific.
Everything went on better than previously (expect).
预测考向4 考查there be等其他特殊句式
1.(2024·河北联考)We expect there __________(be) a lot of discussions about the problem.
2．I cannot tell you how (delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.
3．Her words made me recognise silly mistakes I had made.
