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专题3.1.1 动词时态和语态
（单句语法填空60题 + 原创动词时态和语态语法填空 1篇）
I.单句语法填空：
1. (2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测) After that, there were lots of performances not only in folk
places, but also in the palace, which ___________ (promote) Beijing Opera’s development.
2. (2023秋·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) The bridge ___________ (call) the Bach Long suspension
bridge. It means “White Dragon” in Vietnamese.
3. (2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测) When Zhang Han set foot inside Liangzhu Museum, the 10-year-
old embarked on a tour that took him back more than 5,000 years. Wearing the smart glasses, Zhang ___________
(present) with virtual images of relics.
4. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模) Pierre Coubertin, a Frenchman, ___________ (found) the
International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894.
5. (2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模) With the Chinese government further encouraging consumer
willingness to spend, economic recovery and growth ___________ (expect) to continue in the foreseeable future.
6. (2023·江苏扬州·扬州中学校考模拟预测) The Mengtian lab module successfully ___________ (join) the
Tianhe core module and the Wentian lab module at China’s space station Tiangong on the early morning of
Tuesday.
7. (2023秋·广东广州·高三执信中学校考开学考试) He raised a glass of water and asked the audience, “How
heavy do you think this glass of water is?” The students’ answers ___________ (range) from 20g to 500g.
8. (2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测) By the end of 2021, it ___________ (complete) the digital
collection of 268 grottoes, the image processing of 164 grottoes, and so on.
9. (2023·山东济南·山东师范大学附中校考模拟预测) In recent years, the World Health Organization
___________ (recognize) the importance of Traditional Chinese medicine, especially in combination with Western
medicine.
10. (2023·湖北武汉·湖北省武昌实验中学校考模拟预测) People ___________ (carry) on traditional festivals
and customs here for hundreds of years up to now.
11. (2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模) Because of its size, and the fact that it ___________ (place) on
a steep hillside, diners can take up to 30 minutes from the parking lot at the bottom of the hill to one of the 888
tables available.12. (2023·广东广州·广州市番禺区南村中学校考三模) Some students ___________ (ask) to cooperate with
parents to decorate their homes with New Year paintings.
13. (2022·浙江·浙江省丽水中学校联考二模) During the live broadcast of the opening match between Qatar and
Ecuador, a teenage boy in the audience wearing a kaffiyeh (头巾), a traditional headdress for men in Qatar,
___________ (grab) people’s attention by making dramatic facial expressions showing his unhappiness about his
team’s performance — The Qatari team ultimately lost the match.
14. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考一模) The crosstalk realizes its artistic presentation by means of imitation,
talking, teasing, and singing. The jokes ___________ (hide) in the baofu, or “package”.
15. (2023·湖北武汉·湖北省武昌实验中学校考模拟预测) During Chinese Lunar New Year, over 20 traditional
performances ___________ (hold), including the dragon dance and suona horn show.
16. (2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模) It is reported that it ___________ (hire) hundreds of waiters,
tens of cooks, and dozens of kitchen staff, as well as over 25 cashiers so far.
17. (2021·广东茂名·信宜市信宜中学校考模拟预测) Millions of readers ___________ (inspire) by Nolan’s
bittersweet story ever since.
18. (2022·浙江·浙江省丽水中学校联考二模) One Thursday last month, prince Abdulrahman recorded a video
expressing his gratitude for the love he ___________ (receive) from the Chinese people.
19. (2023 春·山东·高三山东省实验中学校考开学考试) They say having a large variety of plants also
___________ (help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.
20. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测) Netizens joke that the high-speed trains ___________ (pack)
with visiting tourists and that the air onboard is filled with cumin.
21. (2023·江苏镇江·江苏省镇江中学校考三模) So far, Shandong ___________ (launch) many cultural tourism
projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality
development of the region.
22. (2023·广东珠海·珠海市第一中学校考二模) When our eyes ___________ (catch) by the creations of the
ancient Shu ancestors, it is an encounter with a civilization lost for 3, 000 years.
23. (2023春·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习) To practise calligraphy ___________ (require) the basic
tools of four treasures of study, writing brush, ink stick, paper, and ink slab as well as much concentration on
guiding the soft writing brush charged with fluid ink, and writing on the paper where the ink will diffuse (扩散)
quickly.
24. (2022秋·山东·高三山东省实验中学校考阶段练习) Nowadays, millions of people get the news of air crash
whenever it happens. Therefore, the fear of flying ___________ (rise) in the past few years.25. (2023·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模) According to a recent report archaeologists ___________ (restore)
more than 140 Terracotta Warriors.
26. (2023·江苏盐城·盐城中学校考三模) Pancakes, scallions and table-top barbecues ___________ (see) as
essential items for customers, and the immersive barbecue mode has met the taste and social needs of young
customers.
27. (2021春·广东揭阳·高三普宁市第二中学校考阶段练习) Currently it ___________ (make) up 70 percent of
the world’s high speed rail systems.
28. (2023春·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习) Thus it can ___________ (compare) with Qigong, which
also can shape and improve a person’s temper and promote well-being.
29. (2022 秋·山东青岛·高三青岛二中校考期中) Human-wildlife conflict, referring to direct interactions
between humans and wildlife with negative outcomes, ___________ (cost) the global economy billions of dollars
annually.
30. (2023 春·湖北随州·高三荆门市龙泉中学校联考阶段练习) Ever since then, China ___________
(introduce) a series of measures to broaden senior citizens’ access to education.
31. (2023·江苏盐城·盐城中学校考三模) Previously, the city’s culture and tourism bureau, along with 10
representatives from popular Zibo scenic spots, ___________ (board) the special weekend train G9321 on April 8
to promote tourism in Zibo and beneficial policies to passengers, which have made the low-profile industrial city
unexpectedly one of the most popular tourist attractions in China in the post-epidemic era.
32. (2021 春·广东揭阳·高三普宁市第二中学校考阶段练习) To date, China’s high-speed rail products and
technology ___________ ( export) to nearly 100 countries and regions on six continents.
33. (2023·浙江金华·浙江金华第一中学校联考二模) Now Conor ___________ (prepare) a summer campaign,
AllotMents 2.0, to increase the number of plots (小块土地) listed by more than 2000 percent.
34. (2022秋·山东济南·高三济南市历城第二中学校联考阶段练习) President Xi Jinping ___________ (join)
local residents for tree planting in the capital’s suburbs in March this year—his 10th successive presence at the
annual activity since he became China’s top leader.
35. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考二模) In 1986, the biggest known item of this kind, which weighs 6.5
kilograms and ___________ (refer) to as the “King of Cong”, was discovered in Fanshan Cemetery in the city
ruins.
36. (2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测) So far, studies ___________ (show) River Cleaning can collect
85 percent of all waste passing by it.
37. (2022·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校联考专题练习) According to Liu Siwei, promoter of the sport inChangchun, every group member usually ___________ (carry) a garbage bag and a trash clip while running.
38. (2023·浙江金华·浙江金华第一中学校联考二模) “AllotMe ___________ (found) as interest in garden space
in cities increased during the pandemic, but with highly limited supply,” says Conor.
39. (2022秋·山东济南·高三济南市历城第二中学校联考阶段练习) When the People’s Republic of China
___________ (found) in 1949, forests covered only 8.6 percent of the country’s land area.
40. (2022·湖北·恩施市第一中学校考模拟预测) Located in the north Chengdu suburb with only 10 km to the
city center, this base was first set up in 1987 with six sick and hungry giant pandas which ___________ (save)
from the wild nature.
41. (2023·江苏扬州·江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测) Since the first line in 2008, China’s high-speed railway
___________ (symbolize) a country’s economic power, and increasing prosperity.
42. (2022秋·广东广州·高三广州科学城中学校考阶段练习) The World Winter Sports (Beijing) Expo 2021
___________ (hold) at the China National Convention Center and Shougang Industrial Park in Sep. 2021, with
over 500 brand exhibitors from about 20 countries and regions showing their rich resources in winter sports.
43. (2023 春·浙江·高三天台中学校联考阶段练习) For more than a thousand years, goods ___________
(transport) along the Grand Canal. Even today the country’s watery highway plays an important economic role in
China.
44. (2022秋·山东济宁·高三曲阜一中校考开学考试) Polar bears’ world is melting. Studies show that polar ice
___________ (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978.
45. (2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考三模) In Wangjia Zhuangzi village, half of the village’s 4500 people make
kites, and more than 80 enterprises ___________ (involve) in the industry in the village, which makes over 80
million kites a year.
46. (2023·江苏扬州·江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测) It is reported that the two coastal cities ___________
(identify) as the most suitable in the last conference due to their strong economic activities.
47. (2022秋·广东广州·高三广州科学城中学校考阶段练习) Most Italian brands at the expo ___________ (be)
in China for many years, and also have partnerships with the 2022 Winter Olympics.
48. (2022秋·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习) In recent years reverse tourism ___________ (emerge) as
a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
49. (2022·山东·山东省实验中学校考模拟预测) Following the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government
encouraged the country to contain the disease in Wuhan, Hubei province, after the city was locked down in late
January. More than 42,000 medical workers from across the country ___________ (send) to Hubei to fight the
disease.50. (2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考模拟预测) China ___________ (have) the largest outbound tourists market.
Indeed, more than 71 million Chinese tourists travelled abroad in 2018, 15 percent more than the previous year.
51. (2023·江苏南通·江苏省如皋中学校考三模) Straw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or
artworks. It ___________ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
52. (2023·广东江门·新会陈经纶中学校考三模) Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and
___________ (become) widespread in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
53. (2022秋·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习) During the weeklong public holiday, which ended on Oct
7, large numbers of vacationers, especially young professionals who long to escape busy city life, ___________
(avoid) popular holiday destinations in order to get the beaten track and enjoy some peace and quiet.
54. (2022·山东济南·济南市历城第二中学校考模拟预测) Even people speaking the same language have
distinct dialects (方言) that ___________ (root) in their history and culture.
55. (2022·湖北武汉·武汉市第十二中学统考模拟预测) Worse still, he ___________ (see) wolves which made
him desperately tired sometimes.
56. (2023·江苏南通·江苏省如皋中学校考三模) Next ___________ (come) weaving, shaping and preserving of
the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the
hardest part is to make it lifelike.
57. (2023·广东江门·新会陈经纶中学校考三模) Since the Ming Dynasty, being able to write couplets
___________ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars.
58. (2022秋·浙江杭州·高三浙江省杭州第二中学校考阶段练习) With their exquisite beauty, flavor and color,
pomegranates never fail to attract people and ___________ (cherish) for centuries also for their health benefits and
anti-aging benefits.
59. (2022·山东烟台·莱州市第一中学校联考三模) The concept ___________ (spread) into the worlds of music,
dance and TV dramas so far.
60. (2022·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考模拟预测) And they then used it to season cooked meats and vegetables that
___________ (sell) cold for takeaway.
II. 语篇填空（原创）
China 1 (publish) a white paper on its aerospace activities, 2 (illustrate) the development of the
country’s space industry over the past five years and its future plan for the next five years.
This paper, issued by the State Council, 3 (note) that a key principle underlying the development of its
space industry 4 (be) that it is “a strategic way to enhance its economic, scientific, technological, andnational defence strength, as well as a cohesive force for the unity of the Chinese people.” Since 2006, the “Long
March” rocket series 5 (complete) 67 launch missions and has sent 79 spacecraft into orbit, showing its
reliability.
On September 25, 2008, China 6 (send) three men to space in one ship, and two of the astronauts exited
the Shenzhou 7 capsule briefly on September 27 for China’s first-ever spacewalk. Then in November 2011, China
granted a batch of patents on the docking technology 7 (use) in space modules Tiangong-1 and Shenzhou-8.
The move consolidated China’s intellectual property rights over the technology, as they become the third country in
the world to master orbital space docking.
China’s participation in international space cooperation 8 (start) in the mid-1970s. Over the last two
decades or so, China 9 (join) bilateral, regional, multilateral and international space cooperation in different
forms, such as a commercial launching service, which 1 0 (yield) extensive achievements.
参考答案与详解
I. 单句语法填空：
1. promoted 考查动词时态。句意：从那以后，不仅在民间，而且在宫殿里也有很多表演，这促进了京剧的发展。这里为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填promoted。
2. is called 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这座桥被称为巴克隆悬索桥。陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，
call与主语The bridge之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，助动词用is。故填is called。
3. was presented 考查动词时态和语态。句意：戴着智能眼镜，张看到了文物的虚拟图像。分析句子结构
可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据语境可知，句子为一般过去时态，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，故空
处为一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为单数。故填was presented。
4. founded 考查时态。句意：法国人皮埃尔·顾拜旦于1894年创立了国际奥委会(IOC)。设空处为谓语，
根据时间状语in 1894可知应用一般过去时，故填founded。
5. are expected 考查动词时态和语态。句意：随着中国政府进一步鼓励消费者的消费意愿，在可预见的未
来，中国经济有望继续复苏和增长。短语be expected to do sth.表示“有望……”，陈述客观事实用一般现
在时，主语为economic recovery and growth，谓语用复数。故填are expected。
6. joined 考查动词时态。句意：周二凌晨，梦天实验舱在天宫空间站成功与天和核心舱和天问实验舱对
接。根据时间状语on the early morning of Tuesday可知，谓语动词join用一般过去时。故填joined。
7. ranged 考查动词时态。句意：学生们的回答从20克到500克不等。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语
动词，结合上下文时态可知，陈述过去所发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填ranged。
8. had completed 考查动词时态。句意：截至2021年底，已完成268座石窟的数字化采集、164座石窟图
像处理等工作。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“By the end of 2021”可知，句
子为过去完成时态。故填had completed。
9. has recognized 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，世界卫生组织已经认识到中医的重要性，特
别是与西医结合。分析句子你结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以recognize作本句谓语，根据时间状语In
recent years可知，用现在完成时，主语是the World Health Organization为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。
故填has recognized。
10. have carried 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：几百年来，这里的传统节日和习俗一直延续至今。空处作
句子的谓语，时间状语为for hundreds of years up to now，应用现在完成时，主语People是复数，谓语动词
也用复数形式。故填have carried。
11. is placed 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：由于它的规模，加上它坐落在陡峭的山坡上，
食客们从山脚下的停车场出发，最多需要30分钟才能到达888张可用桌子中的一张。此处描述客观事实，
所以应用一般现在时。动词place意为“放置”，和主语构成被动关系。主语it为第三人称单数。故填is
placed。
12. were asked 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一些学生被要求与家长合作，用新年绘画装饰他们的家。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文 assigned可知，此处应用一般过去时态。主语 Some
students与动词ask是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填were asked。
13. grabbed 考查动词时态。句意：在卡塔尔对厄瓜多尔的揭幕战现场直播中，一名戴着卡塔尔传统男子
头饰“kafiya”的少年在观众中做出对球队表现（卡塔尔队输掉了比赛）不满的夸张表情，引起了人们的关
注。During the live broadcast 表示过去的时间，空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，
故填grabbed。
14. are hidden 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些笑话都藏在“包袱”里。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且
陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为jokes，谓语用复数。故填are hidden。
15. are held 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国农历新年期间，这里举行20多种传统表演，包括舞
龙和唢呐表演。空处作句子的谓语，句子描述的是现在的规律性的事件，应用一般现在时，performances
和hold之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，且performances为复数，be动词用are。故填are held。
16. has hired 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：据报道，到目前为止，它已经雇佣了数百名服务员、数
十名厨师、数十名厨房工作人员，以及超过25名收银员。根据so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语it
为第三人称单数。故填has hired。
17. have been inspired 考查动词时态和语态。句意：数以百万计的读者受到诺兰苦乐参半的故事的鼓舞。
分析句子可知，本句的主语Millions of readers 与动词inspire 二者是被动关系，即读者被激励。根据时间
状语“ever since”可知，要用现在完成时，故填have been inspired。
18. had received/received 考查时态。句意：上个月的一个星期四，Abdulrahman王子录制了一段视频，表
达了他的感激之情，称这是他第一次从中国人民那里得到这么多的爱。表示过去之前发生的动作用过去完
成时或表示过去的动作用一般过去时，故填had received或received。
19. helps 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他们说，拥有大量种类的植物还有助于防止可能的作物疾病
和未来的危机。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 having a large variety of
plants看作第三人称单数，故填helps。
20. are packed 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：网友们开玩笑说，高铁里挤满了游客，车上的空气充满了孜
然味。固定搭配be packed with“用……填满，填充，挤满……”，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，
主语the high-speed trains复数，谓语复数形式，故填are packed。
21. has launched 考查现在完成时。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文
化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。根据上文So far可知为现在完成时，主语为
Shandong，助动词用has。故填has launched。
22. are caught 考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我们的目光被古蜀祖先的创造所吸引时，这是与一个失落了三千年的文明的相遇。分析句子成分可知，空处应为时间状语从句的谓语动词。照应主句谓语动词“is”
的时态，也应为一般现在时。空前主语为“our eyes”，为复数，且和提示词之间为被动关系，故谓语动词
应为复数，为被动语态。故填are caught。
23. requires 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：练习书法，需要有“四宝”的基本工具——毛笔、墨棒、
纸、砚台，还要集中精力用带着流动墨水的软毛笔引导，在墨水会迅速扩散的纸上写字。分析可知，设空
处为谓语，主语是不定式短语，谓语用第三人称单数，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填requires。
24. has risen 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，对飞行的恐惧在过去的几年里有所上升。分析句子
结构可知，空处为本句谓语动词。根据时间状语in the past few years可判断本句谓语动词为现在完成时；
主语为the fear，不可数名词，所以谓语动词用has。故填has risen。
25. have restored 考查动词时态。句意：根据最近的一份报告，考古学家已经修复了140多个兵马俑。分
析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以restore作本句谓语，根据标志词recent可知，用现在完成时，
主语是archaeologists，为复数。故填have restored。
26. are seen 考查动词时态和语态。句意：煎饼、葱花、桌上烧烤被视为顾客的必备单品，沉浸式烧烤模
式满足了年轻顾客的口味和社交需求。主语后缺少谓语，Pancakes,scallions and table-top barbecues 和谓语
see是被动关系，描述现在的事情用一般现在时，故填一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用
复数。故填are seen。
27. makes 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：目前，中国高铁系统占世界高铁系统的70%。此处缺少谓语
动词，根据 Currently 及语境可知，应使用一般现在时。主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故
填makes。
28. be compared 考查动词被动语态。句意：因此，它可以与气功相比较，气功也可以塑造和改善一个人
的脾气，促进健康。设空处为谓语动词，和主语之间是被动语态，接在情态动词后应用动词原形，故填 be
compared。
29. costs 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人与野生动物的冲突，指的是人类与野生动物之间产生负面后果
的直接互动，每年给全球经济造成数十亿美元的损失。提示词是谓语动词，与主语Human-wildlife conflict
之间是主动关系，描述当前情况，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应用单数形式。
故填costs。
30. has introduced 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，中国采取了一系列措施来扩大老年人受
教育的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语 Ever since then可知，此处应使用现在
完成时，与句子主语China之间为主动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填has introduced。
31. boarded 考查动词时态。句意：此前，4月8日，淄博文化和旅游局与10名来自淄博热门景点的代表一起登上了G9321周末专列，以促进淄博的旅游业和对乘客的优惠政策，这使得这座低调的工业城市意外
成为后疫情时代中国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。主语后缺少谓语动词。根据previously可知，用一般过去
时。故填boarded。
32. have been exported 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，中国的高铁产品和技术已经
出口到六大洲的近100个国家和地区。分析此处缺少谓语动词，和主语构成被动语态，又根据 To date（到
目前为止）这个时间状语可知，该空应该用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为“China's high-speed rail
products and technology”，助动词用have。故填have been exported。
33. is preparing 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现在，Conor正在筹备一个名为AllotMents 2.0的夏
季活动，以便将列出的小块土地的数量增加2000%以上。由“Now”可知事情发生在现在，表示活动正在准
备，应用现在进行时；Conor与prepare是主动关系，应用主动语态，且主语Conor是第三人称单数，谓语
动词用单数；故填is preparing。
34. joined 考查动词时态。句意：事实上，习近平主席今年3月加入了当地居民在首都郊区的植树活动，
这是他成为中国最高领导人以来连续第10次参加这个年度活动。设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据时间状语
“in March this year”可知此句为一般过去时，故填joined。
35. is referred 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1986年，在古城遗址的樊山墓地发现了已知最大
的这种物品，重达6.5公斤，被称为“琮王”。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据谓语动词 weighs
可知，此处应使用一般现在时态，主语为关系代词 which，指代的先行词“the biggest known item of this
kind”为第三人称单数，且refer to与主语which为被动关系。故填is referred。
36. have shown 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，研究表明，河流清洁可以收集 85%的经过它的废物。
根据so far可知，句子用现在完成时，主语是复数名词，助动词使用have，故填have shown。
37. carries 考查动词时态。句意：据长春市这项运动的推动者刘思维(音)介绍，每个小组成员在跑步时通
常会携带一个垃圾袋和一个垃圾夹。usually表示一般情况，every group member第三人称，故动词用一般
现在时，且为第三人称单数，carry的变形carries。故填carries。
38. was founded 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：AllotMe的成立是因为在流行病大流行期间人们对城
市花园空间的兴趣增加，但供应非常有限。事情发生在过去，应该一般过去时；AllotMe与found之间是被
动关系，应用被动语态，且主语AllotMe是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数；故填was founded。
39. was founded 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立时，森林仅占国土面积的
8.6%。设空处是从句的谓语动词，从句的主语 the People’s Republic of China与found是被动关系，根据时
间状语in 1949可知此从句为一般过去时，故填was founded。
40. were saved 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：该基地位于成都北郊，距市中心仅10公里，于1987年第一次建立，当时有 6 只从野生自然中拯救出来的生病和饥饿的大熊猫。which 指代的是先行词
pandas，是被救，由1987可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，pandas是
复数，因此空格处是were saved，故填were saved。
41. has symbolized 考查动词时态。句意：自2008年第一条高铁开通以来，中国的高铁已经成为一个国家
经济实力和日益繁荣的象征。根据上文可知应用现在完成时，主语为 China’s high-speed railway，助动词用
has。故填has symbolized。
42. was held 考查时态和语态。句意：2021年北京世界冬季体育博览会于2021年9月在中国国家会议中
心和首钢工业园区举行，有来自20多个国家和地区的500多家品牌展商展示了他们在冬季运动中的丰富的
资源。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语in Sep. 2021，可知应用一般过去时，
且hold与主语The World Winter Sports (Beijing) Expo 2021之间的关系为被动，故填was held。
43. have been transported 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1000多年来，货物被沿着大运河运输。空格处在
作谓语，根据时间状语For more than a thousand years可知，应用现在完成时，主语goods和transport是动
宾关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been transported。
44. has reduced 考查动词时态。句意：研究表明，自1978年以来，极地冰每10年减少9.8%。根据since
1978可知，应用现在完成时，主语是polar ice，为不可数名词，助动词使用has。故填has reduced。
45. are involved 考查动词时态和时态。句意：全村4500人中有一半人制作风筝，村里有80多家企业从
事这一行业。be involved in意为“参与”符合句意；通过句子结构分析可知此为and连接的并列句，两个
分句表达的时间是一致的，所以用一般现在时。故填are involved。
46. were identified 考查动词时态和语态。句意：据悉，这两个沿海城市因其强劲的经济活动，在上次会
议上被确定为最合适的城市。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境可知过去发生的事情为一般过去时的被
动语态，主语为cities，谓语用复数。故填were identified。
47. have been 考查动词时态。句意：冬博会上的大多数意大利品牌已经在中国好多年了，并且也是2022
年冬奥会的合作伙伴。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合句意以及for many years可知，空格
处应填现在完成时，且主语Most Italian brands为复数形式，故填have been。
48. has emerged 考查时态。句意：近年来，反向旅游已成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。分析句子结
构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语 in recent years可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，谓语动词
emerge与主语reverse tourism之间为主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语单数形式。故填has emerged。
49. were sent 考查动词时态和语态。句意：来自全国各地的4.2万多名医务人员被派往湖北抗击疫情。3
月初以来，中国大陆疫情得到有效控制。本句的主语为More than 42,000 medical workers，与谓语为被动关
系，且句子为一般过去时。故填were sent。50. has 考查动词时态。句意：中国拥有最大的出境旅游市场。分析句意可知，阐述客观事实，谓语动词
用一般现在时形式，主语China 是单数，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数has。故填has。
51. was listed 考查动词时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：它在2008年被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。句子
表示“它被列为国家级非物质文化遗产”，应用被动语态，且由in 2008可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空
格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即 was/were done，主语It是单数，因此空格处是 was listed。故填was
listed。
52. became 考查动词时态。句意：中国对联起源于五代，在明清时期广泛传播。and连接两个并列的谓
语结构。根据句中的时间状语in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，这里应用一般过去时。故填became。
53. avoided 考查时态。句意：在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期期间，大量的度假者，尤其是那些
渴望逃离繁忙的城市生活的年轻专业人士，避开了热门的度假目的地，去享受一些宁静。分析句子结构可
知，此处为谓语动词，句子主语为vacationers，根据上文中的“During the weeklong public holiday, which
ended on Oct 7”可知，此处应为一般过去时态，且该处与主语之间为主动关系。故填avoided。
54. are rooted 考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。分析句子可知，“ that (root) in their history and
culture”为定语从句，修饰先行词 dialects，且先行词与root是被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语
态。故填are rooted。
55. had seen 考查时态。句意：更糟糕的是，他曾见过狼，有时狼会让他极度绝望。分析句意可知，根据
句意，此处表示过去曾见过狼，强调过去已经完成的事情，谓语动词用过去完成时形式 had seen。故填had
seen。
56. comes 考查倒装，动词时态和主谓一致。句意：接下来是编织、塑形和保存。本句为倒装句，其句意
为“接下来就是作品的编织、成型及保存”，通篇时态是一般现在时，主语“weaving, shaping and
preserving”是抽象动作，谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是第三人称单数comes。故填comes。
57. has been regarded 考查主谓一致、动词时态和语态。句意：自明代以来，能写对联就被视为文人有修
养的标志。分析句子，本句的主语为动名词短语being able to write couplets，所以谓语应用单数形式，且主
语和regard之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据句中的时间状语Since the Ming Dynasty，这里应用现在
完成时。故填has been regarded。
58. have been cherished 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：石榴以其精致的美丽、风味和颜色吸引着人
们。几个世纪以来也因其有益健康和抗衰老而受到珍视。主语pomegranates与cherish是动宾关系，故用被
动语态。根据时间状语for centuries及句意可知，此处表示石榴从过去到现在一直被珍视，还将被人们珍视
下去，时态应用现在完成时。结合时态，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。主语
pomegranates是复数，助动词用have，故填have been cherished。59. has been spread 考查动词时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这个概念已经被传播到音乐、舞蹈和电视
剧中。分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语 so far可知，此处时态用现在完成时，由句意
可知，动词spread与主语the concept之间为被动关系，此处谓语动词用现在完成时的被动式have/has been
done，主语the concept为单数，助动词用has，故填has been spread。
60. were sold 考查动词的被动语态和时态。句意：然后他们用它来给冷卖的外卖熟食和蔬菜调味。分析
句子结构可知 that引导的是定语从句，所以 sell是从句的谓语动词，that代指的是主句中的 meats and
vegetables，所以that与sell之间是被动关系，be动词应该用复数形式，再根据前一句，说的是发生在Ming
dynasty时的事，应用过去时。故填were sold。
II.语篇填空：
1. has published 2. illustrating 3. notes 4. is 5. has completed 6. sent 7. used 8. started 9. has
joined 10. have yielded
【导语】本文阐述了中国在过去五年以及下一个五年的航天计划。始于七十年代中期的中国航天，成为世
界上第三个掌握轨道空间对接技术的国家。
1. 考查动词时态。根据句子结构分析，句中有时间状语 over the past five years，表时间段的状语常常和完
成时态连用。故填has published。
2. 考查现在分词。句意：中国发表了航天活动白皮书，介绍了过去五年中国航天工业的发展情况和未来五
年的规划。根据句子结构来看，这里用现在分词做后置定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句 which
illustrates，说明白皮书的内容。故填illustrating。
3. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构来判断，句子主语是this paper，单数名词。另外根据上下文
的时态来判断，这里应该用现在时态。故填notes。
4. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据句子结构来判断，宾语从句中，句子主语是a key principle，单数名词。
另外根据上下文的时态来判断，这里应该用现在时态。故填is。
5. 考查动词时态。根据句子结构分析，句中有时间状语Since 2006，“since + 时间点 / 段”状语常常和
完成时态连用。句子后面的has sent 79 spacecraft，也可以作为提示。故填has published。
6. 考查动词时态。根据句子结构分析，句中有时间状语 On September 25, 2008，这是一个表示过去时间的
状语，常常和一般过去时态连用。故填sent。
7. 考查过去分词。句意：然后在2011年11月，中国授予了天宫一号和神舟八号空间舱对接技术的一批专
利。根据句子结构来看，这里用过去分词做后置定语，相当于一个限制性定语从句which is used，说明用
于天宫一号和神舟八号空间舱对接技术的一批专利。故填used。8. 考查动词时态。句意：中国参与国际空间合作始于20世纪70年代中期。根据句子结构分析，句中有时
间状语in the mid-1970s，这是一个表示过去时间的状语，常常和一般过去时态连用。故填started。
9. 考查动词时态。句意：二十多年来，中国以商业发射等多种形式参与了双边、区域、多边和国际空间合
作，取得了广泛成果。根据句子结构分析，句中有时间状语Over the last two decades or so，表时间段的状
语常常和完成时态连用。故填has joined。
10. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。空前的which指代different forms，一个复数名词，谓语动词用
复数。另外根据前面的时间状语来判断，这里应用完成时形式。故填have yielded。
