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专题1.1 名词
（单句语法填空60题 + 原创名词语篇填空 1篇）
I.单句语法填空（用所给单词的适当形式完成句子）
1. With the (develop) of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade
and others may be established.
2. A bridge is being built in the (distant) and its construction will be finished in a year.
3. Many people use a nonsense name for their net (identify) to protect their private information.
4. We have submitted our personal information and are waiting for (confirm) now.
5. As digital technology spreads widely, the risk of digital technology can cause problems and can go beyond
personal (private).
6. The finder of a wallet who takes it home may be guilty of . (thief)
7. She kicked at the door with her foot, and the (press) was enough to open it.
8. Students learned the practical (apply) of the theory they had learned in the classroom.
9. Robert’s (collect) of prints and paintings has been bought over the years.
10. Hearing the interesting story, all the people present burst into (laugh).
11. According to a recent survey, some TV programs should take responsibility for teenagers’ negative
(behave).
12. To our disappointment, only a (minor) of people is in support of our plan to build a new bridge.
13. Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a _________ (settle).
14. Confucius is one of the greatest (philosophy) in human history.
15. The laws led to (confuse), blood and thousands of deaths.
16. We would like to thank them for their patience and (understand).
17. She had never been greatly concerned about her (appear).
18. We should suppose he’s honest before hearing the (evident) against him.
19. Determining where we are in relation to our (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival.
20. The crowd in the room seemed full of curiosity. They expressed their _________ (eager) to hear me sing.
21. I believe you will know a lot about Chinese traditions this winter holiday, such as the custom, practices,
cuisine, (greet) and so on.
22. There are stories about his (generous), the massive amounts of money he gave to charities.
23. Today, I received the newspaper from my hometown. My ex-husband’s wedding __________ (announce)was on the front page.
24. The satellite enables us to calculate their precise (locate) anywhere in the world.
25. We need to ensure a smooth (transit) between the old system and the new one.
26. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children,then aged five and three, were
attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without
getting a (respond).
27. I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his (marry), but I couldn’t manage it.
28. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medial __________ (assist).
29. I have made an (appoint) with the dentist because I want to have my teeth filled.
30. For the sake of (illustrate) let us refer to easily available data from Yahoo Finance.
31. The (reject) of such plans does not mean we are not interested.
32. The wide spread (publish) of traffic laws helps prevent accidents.
33. I like facts, things that are concrete. I think anything abstract leaves too much room for (argue).
34. The spirit of self-reliance and (independent) should be passed down.
35. (sufficient) and respect for the place are the aims of building the future.
36. With the help of doctors and families, the brave boy fought against the illness with courage and
(determine).
37. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional (intelligent) run far ahead of what research can
reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
38. This produced a chain (react), which made it possible for life to develop.
39. The writer’s (imagine) seems to have dried up since he didn’t write anything for years.
40. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of (relieve) when the season comes to a close.
41. The doctors discussed various approaches to the (treat) of his disease and got a good plan.
42. These are all worldwide (phenomenon), which will surely draw attention of many countries.
43. You cannot make a decision on the basis of (assume).
44. It spoke words of (encourage) to the deepest part of my being.
45. In terms of (compose), it is the quality of the mind that counts.
46. The singer is regarded as a (represent) of the youth of her generation.
47. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a (reflect) of herself, everything in good taste and in
perfect order.
48. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or(believe)—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
49. Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of __________ (apologize) in his voice.
50. Words of (appreciate) make others feel good about themselves.
51. Street artists have brought brilliant colors to old neighborhoods with their _________ (creative).
52. There has been an angry reaction to the government’s (propose) to reduce unemployment benefit.
53. He was ashamed of himself and asked for (forgive).
54. It shows that you have no (curious) or interest in the organization.
55. In (compare) with his brother, Edmund would have nothing to say.
56. The cause of the crash was under (investigate).
57. In brief, the (extinct) of the dinosaurs occurred long before humans came into being.
58. At the school opening ceremony, our headmaster required us to raise our competitive __________ (aware) in
modern society.
59. Just as is mentioned in the book, best friends are the (found) of my life.
60. All the (indicate) show that the deal will go ahead as planned.
II.原创语篇填空（名词专练）
Many of us have worked as volunteers before. Some have experience as mechanics, repairing and
maintaining machines. Others are experienced medical workers who have volunteered to help those with 1
(disable). This summer, one Chinese volunteer, Liu Fei, will serve as a management 2 (consult)
for AIDS projects in an African country. Liu has never been there, and his 3
(impress) of the country is that it is developing rapidly, but suffers from much 4 (instable) and
violence. Many people there have contracted AIDS. Liu will work with a local organisation engaging in AIDS
5 (prevent). Liu’s path to Africa was long and bumpy. Although he had met the 6 (criterion) for the
volunteer 7 (apply), his family was opposed to his 8 (chooce) at first. It took Liu some time
to explain the 9 (important) of building a shared future for mankind. Ultimately, his family decided
to sing the same tune as Liu and respected his right to choose his own path. Liu is looking forward to
sharing his knowledge and skills with needy communities. He hopes his input can make a 10 (different)
in distant Africa.答案与详解
I.单句语法填空（用所给单词的适当形式完成句子）
1. development
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，而另一些可能会
建立。分析句子可知，该句第一空由空前定冠词the可知，应为名词形式。故填development。
2. distance
【详解】考查名词。句意：远处正在修建一座桥，将在一年内完工。此处为短语in the distance表示“在远
处”，故填distance。
3. identity
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保护个人隐私，很多人给自己的网络身份取了一个毫无意义的名字。分析
句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，identify的名词为identity意为“身份”符合句意，结合句意可知，一
个无意义的名词对应的是一个身份，所以此处为名词单数。故填identity。
4. confirmation
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们已经提交了个人信息，正在等待确认。分析句子结构可知，此处位于介词
之后，因此需要填入名词形式。confirm的名词形式为confirmation表示“确认”。故填confirmation。
5. privacy
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着数字技术的广泛传播，数字技术带来的风险可能会引发问题，并超越个人
隐私。名词privacy意为“隐私”，beyond 为介词，后接名词privacy作宾语，privacy是不可数名词。故填
privacy。
6. theft
【详解】考查名词。句意：捡到钱包的人把钱包带回家可能犯了盗窃罪。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词
作宾语，结合句意，此处应表示“盗窃”对应的名词为theft，且表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填
theft。
7. pressure
【详解】考查名词。句意：她用脚踢门，施加的压力足以打开门。分析句子和提示词可知空格填名词形式
pressure“压力”用在并列句中做主语，是不可数名词。故填pressure。
8. application
【详解】考查名词。句意：学生们学会了课堂上学到的理论的实际应用。practical为形容词，作定语修饰
名词，结合句意“应用”可知，应填名词application，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填application。
9. collection【详解】考查名词。句意：这些年来，罗伯特的版画和绘画收藏品都被买走了。根据前面名词所有格
Robert’s，可知，应填名词collection，collection为不可数名词，没有复数。故填collection。
10. laughter
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个有趣的故事，在场的人都大笑起来。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语
burst into laughter，意为“突然大笑”。故填laughter。
11. behaviour
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据调查显示，有些电视节目应该为青少年的消极行为负责任。根据空格前形
容词negative后填名词behaviour做介词for的宾语。故填behaviour。
12. minority
【详解】考查名词。句意：使我们失望的是，只有少数人支持我们的计划。 分析句子可知，名词minority
符合题意，此处是固定短语a minority of ，表示“少数”。故填minority。
13. settlement
【详解】考查名词。句意：工会领导人和公司老板明天将开会，试图达成一个解决方法。在不定冠词a后
应该是单数名词，名词settlement，意思为“解决，处理”。故填settlement。
14. philosophers
【详解】考查名词。句意：孔子是人类历史上最伟大的哲学家之一。分析句子结构并结合上下文，空白处
应填表示人的名词，又因one of + 复数名词为固定结构，含义为：……其中之一，故填philosophers。
15. confusion
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些法律导致了混乱、流血和数千人死亡。分析句式结构可知，此处to是介词，
且下文的blood和deaths都是名词，作宾语，所以空格处应该用提示词的名词形式作宾语，故填
confusion。
16. understanding
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们要感谢他们的耐心和理解。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的并列连词
and以及形容词性物主代词their可知空白处应填名词做介词的宾语，故填understanding。
17. appearance
【详解】考查名词。句意：她从来不太在意自己的外表。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作宾语。所给词
appear为动词，其名词形式appearance意为“外表，外观”，符合句意。故填appearance。
18. evidence
【详解】考查名词。句意：在听取对他不利的证据之前，我们应该假设他是诚实的。空处用于定冠词the
之后，应用名词evidence，表示“证据”，作动词hearing的宾语。故填evidence。
19. surroundings【详解】考查名词。句意：根据我们周围的环境来确定自己身在何处，这是我们生存的一项必不可少的技
能。分析句子可知，设空处为介词to的宾语，并且前面有形容词性物主代词our修饰，应用名词
surrounding，根据语境，应用复数形式，故填surroundings。
20. eagerness
【详解】考查名词。句意：房间里的人群似乎充满了好奇。他们表示很想听我唱歌。their后跟名词，eager
的名词是eagerness，意为“渴望”，是不可数名词。故填eagerness。
21. greeting
【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信这个寒假你会了解很多中国的传统习俗，如风俗、习俗、菜肴、问候等。
该空需要一个名词作宾语，所给词greet为动词，其名词形式greeting意为“问候”符合句意。故填
greeting。
22. generosity
【详解】考查名词。句意：有关于他慷慨的故事，他给慈善机构捐了大量的钱。空格处用名词作宾语，
generous的名词是generosity，是不可数名词，意为“慷慨”，故填generosity。
23. announcement
【详解】考查名词。句意：今天，我收到了家乡寄来的报纸。我前夫的结婚通告上了头版。分析句子结构
可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，announce的名词形式是announcement。故填announcement。
24. locations
【详解】考查名词。句意：卫星能让我们精确地测量他们在地球上的任何位置。根据句子分析可知，此处
应用名词“location位置”作宾语，且空前为their，故应用其复数形式，故填locations。
25. transition
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们要确保新旧体制的平稳过渡。分析句子，该空需要一个名词作宾语，所给
词transit为动词，意为“经过，穿过”，其名词transition意为“过渡”，符合题意。故填transition。
26. response
【详解】考查名词。句意：回应关于病人和个人生活之间的平衡问题，林巧稚说“我们应该对病人负责，
把病人当姐妹对待。”根据空格前的介词in可知，空格处应填名词，构成固定短语in response to，意为
“对……的回应”。故填response。
27. marriage
【详解】考查名词。句意：我本想送一份礼物给彼得，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。根据空前的on his，设
空处应用名词，marry的名词为marriage，意为“结婚”，不可数名词。故填marriage。
28. assistance
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生把自己的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。形容词medial后需接名词作宾语，assist的名词为assistance“帮助”，不可数名词。故填assistance。
29. appointment
【详解】考查名词。句意：我和牙医约好了，因为我想补牙。此处作宾语，表示“预约”应填名词
appointment。短语make an appointment“预约”。故填appointment。
30. illustration
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了说明这一点，让我们参考一下雅虎财经的数据。作介词的宾语应用名词
illustration，不可数。故填illustration。
31. rejection
【详解】考查名词。句意：拒绝这些计划并不意味着我们不感兴趣。此处作主语，应用名词rejection“拒
绝”，可数名词，由does可知，应用名词单数形式。故填rejection。
32. publication
【详解】考查名词作主语。句意：广泛颁布交通法规有助于防止事故的发生。此处是名词作主语，所给词
publish是动词，其名词形式是publication。故填publication。
33. argument
【详解】考查名词。句意：我喜欢事实，喜欢具体的东西。我认为任何抽象的东西都会留下太多的争论空
间。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的介词for可知空白处应填名词，故填argument。
34. independence
【详解】考查名词。句意：自力更生和独立的精神应该传承下去。分析句子可知，此空应填名词和and前
self-reliance为并列构成名词所有格，且independence为不可数名词。故填independence。
35. Sufficiency
【详解】考查名词。句意：建设未来的目标是充足和尊重这个地方。由and连接的respect为名词可知，此
处也应为名词形式，构成并列主语成分。故填Sufficiency。
36. determination
【详解】考查名词。句意：在医生和家人的帮助下，这个勇敢的男孩以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。根据空
格前的with courage and可知，此处应填determine的名词形式determination（不可数），和courage并列，
作介词with的宾语。故填determination。
37. intelligence
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管人们对情商的普遍看法远远超出了研究所能合理支持的范围，但宣传的总
体效果是利大于弊。分析句意可知，形容词intelligent“智力的”需要使用名词形式intelligence作介词
regarding“关于”的宾语。故填intelligence。
38. reaction【详解】考查名词。句意：这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。根据句意，应使用名词
reaction构成名词词组chain reaction，作宾语，意为“连锁反应”，结合冠词a可知，应用单数形式。故填
reaction。
39. imagination
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位作家多年没有写任何东西，他的想象似乎已经枯竭了。分析句子可知，设
空处所给动词imagine用作句子主语部分，应使用名词形式imagination，表示“创造力，想象力”是不可
数名词，故填imagination。
40. relief
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管如此，当这个季节即将结束时，我们大多数志愿者都松了一口气。根据句
意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词relief，作介词of的宾语。故填relief。
41. treatment
【详解】考查名词。句意：医生们讨论了治疗他的疾病的各种方法，并制定了好的计划。定冠词the及空
后of可知，此处使用名词，即treatment。treatment为可数或不可数名词，当作“处理、治疗、对待”讲时，
为不可数名词；而作“疗法，处理方法”解时，为可数名词。结合句意，这里的treatment作为不可数名词。
故填treatment。
42. phenomena
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这些都是世界性的现象，必将引起许多国家的关注。设空处在句中作表语，
根据空前的“These are all”可知设空处应填名词phenomenon“现象”的复数形式。故填phenomena。
43. assumptions
【详解】考查名词。句意：你不能在假设的基础上做出决定。分析句子可知，设空处动词assume用作介词
的宾语，应使用名词形式assumption表示“假设”，是可数名词，根据句意应使用复数形式。故填
assumptions。
44. encouragement
【详解】考查名词。句意：它使我的内心深受鼓舞。设空处在句中作介词of的宾语，名词
encouragement“鼓舞，鼓励”为不可数名词，符合句意，words of encouragemen意为“鼓励的话”。故填
encouragement。
45. compositions
【详解】考查名词。句意：就作文而言，重要的是思想质量。此处应用名词作宾语，结合句意，
composition“作文”符合题意，该词为可数名词，空前无冠词，故用复数形式表泛指。故填compositions。
46. representative
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位歌手被视为她这年轻一代的代表人物。分析句子可知，空白处在冠词a和of中间，作as的宾语，需要一个单数名词，由句意推知应使用representative表示“代表人物“。故填
representative。
47. reflection
【详解】考查名词。句意：她非常漂亮，这体现在她的房子上，一切都很有品味，井然有序。空处应用不
定冠词a之后，应用可数名词单数reflection，表示“反映，体现”，用于was之后作表语。故填
reflection。
48. belief
【详解】考查名词。句意：当俱乐部之外的天才做出贡献时——女性，或不同肤色或信仰的人——他们不
被承认且被人们拒绝。分析句子结构，根据空前的or可知，空处和前文的color并列，所以空处应填名词，
believe的名词形式是belief。故填belief。
49. apology
【详解】考查名词。句意：维尼还没来得及答应，总统就急忙走了，声音中带着一丝歉意。分析句子可知
在介词of后需要名词apology（道歉）作宾语，a shade of apology可以翻译为“一丝歉意”。故填
apology。
50. appreciation
【详解】考查名词。句意：感谢的话语让别人自我感觉良好。分析句子可知，空处填“appreciate”的名词
“appreciation”作of的宾语。故填appreciation。
51. creativity
【详解】考查名词。句意：街头艺术家用他们的创造力为老社区带来了绚丽的色彩。此处作介词的宾语，
应用名词creativity，不可数。故填creativity。
52. proposal
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府削减失业救济金的计划遭到了强烈的反对。根据“reduce unemployment
benefit”可知，政府的计划遭到了强烈的反对。空处需要名词proposal“计划”作宾语。故填proposal。
53. forgiveness
【详解】考查名词。句意：他为自己感到羞愧，请求原谅。根据“asked for”可知，空处需要用名词，
forgive是动词，表示“宽恕，原谅”，forgiveness是名词，表示“原谅”时是抽象名词，不可数。故填
forgiveness。
54. curiosity
【详解】考查名词。句意：这表明你对这个组织没有任何好奇或兴趣。设空处和interest并列作宾语，应用
名词形式，根据提示词可知curiosity，意为“好奇”时是不可数名词，故填curiosity。
55. comparison【详解】考查名词。句意：与他哥哥相比，埃德蒙无话可说。短语：in comparison with“与……相比”，故
填comparison。
56. investigation
【详解】考查名词。句意：事故的原因尚在调查中。分析句子可知，空处作under的宾语，需要名词，应
搭配investigation表示“在调查中”。故填investigation。
57. extinction
【详解】考查名词。句意：简而言之，恐龙的灭绝发生在人类出现之前很久。根据句子结构可知“the
________ of”中间需要填写名词形式，在句中作主语，括号中给出的词是形容词“extinct”，表示“灭绝
的”，其名词形式是“extinction”，不可数。故填extinction。
58. awareness
【详解】考查名词。句意：在开学典礼上，校长要求我们提高在现代社会中的竞争意识。competitive为形
容词，作定语修饰名词，空处需填名词awareness作宾语，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填awareness。
59. foundation
【详解】考查名词。句意：正如书中所提到的，最好的朋友是我生活的基础。分析句子并结合空前的the
可知，空处应填名词作句子的表语，found的名词形式foundation符合题意，意为“基础”，用作不可数名
词。故填foundation。
60. indications
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：所有迹象表明这笔交易将按计划进行。空处在句中作主语，结合空前“all
the”和动词show可知，此处用名词复数indications“迹象”，故填indications。
II.原创语篇填空（名词专练）
1. disabilities 2. consultant 3. impression 4. instability 5. prevention 6. criteria 7. application 8.
choice 9. importance 10. difference
1. 考查名词复数。此空提示词是形容词，用在介词之后，应用名词形式。故填disabilities。
2. 考查名词。句意：今年夏天，中国志愿者刘飞将在一个非洲国家担任艾滋病项目的管理顾问。空前有不
定冠词，应用单数名词形式。故填consultant。
3. 考查名词。此空指刘飞对这个国家的印象，应用名词形式。故填impression。
4. 考查名词。和后面的名词violence一起，做介词from的宾语。故填instability。
5. 考查名词。句意：刘飞和当地一个组织一起，致力于爱滋病的预防。此空用在介词in后，应用名词形式。
故填prevention。
6. 考查名词复数。名词criterion的复数形式是一个特殊变化，这样的词不多。类似的名词有：medium--media; phenomenon--phenomena。故填criteria。
7. 考查名词。句意：虽然他满足志愿者申请的标准，刚开始他家人对他的选择是反对的。这里指他的申请，
应用名词。故填application。
8. 考查名词。句意见第7题。用在介词之后，应该是名词。故填choice。
9. 考查名词。此空前有定冠词，后有介词，应该用名词形式。故填importance。
10. 考查名词。make a difference 是一个固定搭配，意为“有意义、说得通”。故填
difference。
