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2024 届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练
专题 01
海洋探险
Why the Caribbean Island of Grand Cayman
基础篇 加勒比海之大开曼岛探险
should be on your radar？
巩固篇 Diving to new depths in French Polynesia 挑战潜水法属波利尼西亚
67-Year-Old Kayaker needs help near end of
提高篇 营救穿越大西洋的67岁皮划艇运动员
Atlantic crossing
专项微练 单句语法填空 名词专项训练
真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练
【原创题】
【基础篇】
There’s no better introduction to island life than the famed Seven
Mile Beach, touted as one of the 1 (fine) in the Caribbean.
Facing west, this crescent of pearl-white sand is a picture-perfect
sunset spot 2 where the island’s best hotels, water sports
and diving operations are located.
Grand Cayman’s finest treasures, however, lie beyond 3
(it) shoreline. There are an impressive 356 diving sites dotted around the archipelago, 4 (range) from
shallow reefs to fascinating shipwrecks home 5 colourful tropical fish, reef sharks and sea turtles. Scuba
divers can take the plunge with one of the island’s top-notch diving schools or try another aquatic exploit — there’s
paddle boarding, windsurfing, kayaking, sailing or nocturnal snorkelling among glittering bioluminescence.
Families love the boat trip to Stingray City, the highlight of 6 is standing on a waist-deep sandbar as
soft-to-stroke stingrays feed from your hand.
Above sea level, there’s a fantastic hike in the Mastic Reserve, which 7 (protect) by the NationalTrust as the largest area of untouched old-growth forest on the island. The rugged, 2.3-mile Mastic Trail weaves
through black mangrove and ancient woodland, thriving in native flora and alive with yellow-chested bananaquit
and squawking parrots — both endemic to the island.
More wildlife is found in the Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park, 8 (include) the island’s most exotic
resident: the endangered blue iguana. A decade ago, less than 25 of these Caymanian critters 9 (remain)
on the island, but thanks to 1 0 dedicated conservation mission, more than 1,000 now roam.
【答案】
1. finest 2. and 3. its 4. ranging 5. to
6.which 7. is protected 8. including 9. remained 10. a
【巩固篇】
Swivelling their hips to the furious beat of pahu drums,
dancers whirl like dust devils across a sandy stage erected
1 the beach. An audience watches, mesmerised, as
the music grows louder and movements become 2
(fast), until the scene becomes a blur of floaty, floral
fabrics, swishing, grassy fronds and cascading, velveteen
petals.
Slowing the tempo, a new troupe emerges to the gentle strumming of a ukulele, sweeping 3 arms
upwards in a motion mimicking the peaks and troughs of Pacific Ocean waves. Wearing garlands of jasmine draped
around their necks and delicate frangipani flowers tucked behind their ears, these women on the atoll of Rangiroa
4 (be) the very picture of Polynesian paradise, 5 image that’s attracted countless curious
explorers and travellers to these distant shores.
6 in September 2022, the Farerei Haga Rangiroa is the newest addition to a calendar of festivals
held to celebrate the culture and traditions of French Polynesia. Gathering talents from the Tuamotu Archipelago
and further afield, evening dance shows are part of the energetic, six-day programme, featuring coconut-shelling,
va’a (outrigger canoe) racing and lifting stones weighing as much as 160kg — an impressive feat 7
once served as a competition to win the hand of a 8 (chief) daughter.Dressed in beach shirts and board shorts, dignitaries sing prayers inside an arena made of fishing nets and
oyster shells. Attired equally casually, the country’s president speaks 9 (enthusiastic) of a future when
more cruise ships 1 0 (arrive), as an ocean liner on the horizon blasts its horn.
【答案】
1. on 2. faster 3. their 4. are 5. an
6. Launched 7. that 8. chief’s 9. enthusiastically 10. will arrive
【提高篇】
Aleksander Doba, a 67-year-old kayaker 1 is
attempting a solo, unsupported crossing of the Atlantic Ocean,
2 (need) a new rudder. The rudder on Doba's custom kayak
broke in a storm on February 13 in the notorious Bermuda
Triangle. That was within days of the estimated completion time
for his months-long voyage, according to social media posts by
Andrzej Arminski, 3 kayak designer who built Doba's vessel, called OLO. Arminski noted on Google+
that Doba is unhurt, 4 that he will not be able to paddle against the stiff trade winds with a broken
rudder.
Since January 1, after three months of steady progress across the Atlantic and 90 percent of his journey
complete, Doba 5 (fight) unexpected storms and paddling in circles. Communication with Doba has
been tricky because he has been unable 6 (contact) his support team since December 20 due to a
technical glitch with his satellite phone. The 7 (connect) was reestablished on February 6 with a text
from Doba that said, "Finally, after 47 days it is possible not only to receive text messages but also send them too."
He also has been able to broadcast his position to Arminski on a GPS personal tracker device, called SPOT. The AA
batteries used by the tracker failed, but Doba rigged up a new connection with AAA batteries, although they must
be protected 8 (care) from ocean spray.
Doba, a retired engineer from Poland, left Lisbon, Portugal, in his kayak on October 6, 2013. He was bound
for Smyrna Beach, Florida, 4,700 nautical miles away. Doba had been aiming 9 reach Florida between
February 10 and February 20, 2014. Doba's friend and supporter Piotr Chmielinski, also an adventure kayaker, told
National Geographic that he plans to go to Bermuda on Monday, February 17, to assist in repairs to Doba's kayak.The Virginia-based Chmielinski says he hopes to help Doba at sea, 1 0 possible, to minimize disruption
to the journey. They may need to seek the nearest harbor, most likely Bermuda, to make repairs to the boat.
【答案】
1. who/that 2. needs 3. a 4. but 5. has been fighting
6. to contact 7. connection 8. carefully 9. to 10. if
【专项微练：名词】
1．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）The country put up a strong ____________ (defend) against the
enemy’s invasion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】defence/defense
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家对敌人的入侵进行了强有力的防御。分析句子成分可知，空格处应该
为名词作宾语。defend的名词为defense或defence，由a可知，应用单数。故填defense/defence。
2．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）The vegetarian burger was an ________ (innovate) which was rapidly exported
to Britain.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】innovation
【详解】考查名词。句意：素食汉堡是一种新食品，很快就传到了英国。结合空前的an可知，空处应填名
词作表语，innovation新发明，新方法，可数名词，此处应用单数形式。故填innovation。
3．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）A ________ (vary) of TV programmes are being broadcast on TV at present.
【答案】variety
【详解】考查名词。句意：目前电视上正在播放各种各样的电视节目。分析句子可知，不定冠词a后面应
加可数名词单数形式，且a variety of表“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。故填variety。
4．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）From about the age of 12 I had wanted to be an emergency medical ________
(technical)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】technician
【详解】考查名词。句意：大约从12岁起，我就想成为一名急救医疗技术员。根据句意可知，此处使用名
词technician“技术员”，由不定冠词an可知，应用名词单数形式。故填technician。
5．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）The legal system in Scotland is ________ from that in England and the
________ may cause some misunderstanding between them.(distinct)(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】 distinct distinction【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：苏格兰的法律制度与英格兰的不同，这种区别可能会引起他们之间的
一些误解。第一空作表语，表示“不同的”应用形容词distinct；第二空作主语，应用名词distinction，为
不可数名词。故填①distinct；②distinction。
6．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）People are filled with ________(admire) for what the medical workers have
done during the outbreak of the COVID19.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】admiration
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们对医务工作者在新冠肺炎疫情期间所做的一切充满钦佩。根据前文with可
知，此处应用其名词admiration(不可数)作介词宾语。故填admiration。
7．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）China celebrated the completion of the________ (construct) of the Three
Gorges Dam, the world’s largest project that had been a dream of Chinese leaders since the early 20th century.（所
给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】construction
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国庆祝三峡大坝建成，这是世界上最大的工程，自20世纪初以来一直是中国
领导人的梦想。the +名词 +of。根据句意，故填construction。
8．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）The author mentions the ____________ (function) of science at the
beginning of the passage. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】functions
【详解】考查名词。句意：作者在文章的开头提到了科学的功能。此处作宾语，应用名词function，可数
名词，由句意及常识可知，功能不止一个，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填functions。
9．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）She sighed in ____________ (relieve) when she heard the good news.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】relief
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个好消息，她如释重负地叹了口气。介词in后面用名词relief作宾语，
in relief的意思是“如释重负”。故填in。
10．（2023春·海南海口·高二海南中学校考期中）The little boy’s bad behaviour was completely
beyond_________(comprehensive).(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】comprehension
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个小男孩的不良行为完全无法理解。提示词作介词beyond的宾语，用名词
comprehension，不可数名词；beyond comprehension“无法理解”。故填comprehension。【真题精选】
（2023春·河北唐山·高二校联考期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
One day I was wandering in the street when I ____11____ (attract) by the advertisement about the Antarctic
expedition on Endurance. I had been dreaming of an expedition to the South Pole so I applied ____12____ a
position. However, I was refused due to my age and lack of experience.
So enthusiastic was I about going along with Endurance ____13____ I secretly went aboard the ship with the
help of my friend Bakewell. Hiding in a cupboard ____14____ I lived on the food he brought me, I started my
expedition on Endurance. Unfortunately, I was discovered ____15____ (immediate) after we set off. Shackleton,
the captain of the ship Endurance, was unhappy but he had no choice but ____16____ (offer) me a position of
steward after he promised “If anyone has to be eaten, you will be the first.” ____17____ (assign) to be a steward, I
then served three meals for the staff.
Unexpectedly, Endurance sank when ____18____ (approach) Antarctic. Before we abandoned the ship,
Shackleton calmly asked us to rescue the most essential ____19____ (supply) instead of our ____20____(person)
belongings. We managed to survive by staying on the ice.
【答案】
11．was attracted 12．for 13．that 14．where 15．immediately 16．to offer 17．
Assigned 18．approaching 19．supplies 20．personal
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者偷偷上“坚忍号”的南极探险之旅。
11．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有一天，我正在街上闲逛，突然被一则关于“坚忍号”南极探险
的广告所吸引。主语I和谓语动词attract之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“One day”可知，此处应用一般过
去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was，故填was attracted。
12．考查介词。句意：我一直梦想着去南极探险，所以我申请了一个职位。结合句意可知，此处指“申请
职位”，apply for申请，固定短语，故填for。
13．考查结果状语从句。句意：我是如此热切地想和“坚忍号”一起去，于是在朋友Bakewell的帮助下偷
偷上了船。结合句意可知，此处是so…that…引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，故填
that。
14．考查定语从句。句意：我躲在一个橱柜里，靠他带给我的食物生活，开始了我的“坚忍号”探险。分
析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cupboard，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
15．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，我们一出发我就被发现了。空处修饰动词discovered，应用副词形式作
状语，故填immediately。
16．考查动词不定式。句意：“坚忍号”的船长Shackleton很不高兴，但他别无选择，只能给我一个管家
的职位，在此之前他向我保证，“如果有人必须被吃掉，那么你将是第一个！”have no choice but to do
sth.除了做……以外别无选择，不得不做某事，固定短语，故填to offer。
17．考查过去分词。句意：我被指派为服务员，然后为员工提供三顿饭。非谓语动词assign和逻辑主语I
之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Assigned。
18．考查状语从句的省略。句意：出乎意料的是，“坚忍号”在接近南极时沉没了。此处是when引导的
状语从句的省略，从句的主语是Endurance，和从句谓语动词approach之间是主动关系，且此处是描述过
去的事情，表示“当它在接近南极时”，故完整形式是when it was approaching Antarctic，当状语从句主语
和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填approaching。
19．考查名词复数。句意：在我们弃船之前，Shackleton平静地要求我们抢救出最基本的必需品，而不是
我们的个人物品。空处应填名词作宾语，supply必需品，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填
supplies。
20．考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词belongings，personal个人的，形容词，故
填personal。
（2023春·浙江湖州·高一湖州中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括
号内单词的正确形式。
Inspired by the work of William Beebe, Dr. Sylvia Earle (1935) began her work as an oceanographer at the age
of 3 when she was knocked off her feet by a wave. She ____21____ (fascinate) by the ocean and its creatures.
Although she struggled ____22____ (balance) her studies and family, Earle earned her PhD from Duke University,
becoming well known in the marine science community. Early in her career, and while she was four ____23____
(month) pregnant, Earle traveled 30.5m/100 ft below the surface in a submersible (潜水器). Her experience
____24____ (live) in an underwater marine habitat earned her celebrity status in the scientific community.
With the experience, Earle developed an interest ____25____ deep sea exploration, and in 1979 she broke
____26____ record for deep diving at 381 m/1,250 ft below the surface in a special suit called the Jim Suit
designed to withstand (抵挡) the ____27____ (press). Earle decided to test the suit as part of her research on a book
____28____ (publish) by National Geographic, and the diving techniques only scratched the surface of the ocean.Following this adventure, Earle started two companies ____29____ produce deep sea exploration vehicles. The
continued advancement in the technology of these vehicles has helped open up areas in the deep sea ____30____
(previous) unexplored.
【答案】
21．was fascinated 22．to balance 23．months 24．living 25．in 26．the 27．
pressure 28．published 29．that/which 30．previously
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了深海女王——美国深海探险家西尔维亚·厄尔无畏艰险，勤于追
寻，无数次深入深海，追寻海洋的奥秘；作为一名环保主义者，她身体力行，用事实的陈述和诚恳的语言
呼唤世人保护海洋、保护地球的事迹。
21．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：她被海洋和海洋生物迷住了。分析句子结构可知空处应填谓语动词的
形式，根据at the age of 3可知是在陈述过去的事情，主语she和谓语动词fascinate之间是动宾关系，需用
一般过去时的被动语态，主语she，谓语单数形式。故填was fascinated。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管她努力平衡她的学习和家庭之间的关系，厄尔获得了杜克大学的博士学
位，成为海洋科学届的知名人士。struggle to do sth. (努力做某事)。故填to balance。
23．考查名词的单复数。句意：在她职业生涯的早期，当她怀孕四个月的时候，厄尔乘坐着潜水艇在水下
航行了30.5米/100英尺。month为名词，four为数词，空处这里需填名词的复数。故填months。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：她在海洋栖息地的经验为她赢得了科学界的名人地位。分析句子结构可知，
earned为句子的谓语，所以空处应填非谓语动词，experience意为“经验”，表示做某事的经验用
experience in doing sth.，介词in可以省略，空处需填动名词形式。故填living。
25．考查介词。句意：有了这些经验，厄尔对深海探险产生了深厚的兴趣，1979年，她穿着一件可以抵抗
水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。develop an interest in...
为固定短语，意为“对……产生兴趣”。故填in。
26．考查定冠词。句意：有了这些经验，厄尔对深海探险产生了深厚的兴趣，1979年，她穿着一件可以用
抵抗水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。此处的record指
在水下381米/1250英尺深度的潜水记录，表特指，需用定冠词the。故填the。
27．考查名词。句意：有了这些经验，厄尔对深海探险产生了深厚的兴趣，1979年，她穿着一件可以抵抗
水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。withstand为动词，空
格处需填名词作宾语。press的名词pressure是不可数名词。故填pressure。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：厄尔决定测试这套衣服，作为她对由《国家地理》出版的图书研究的一部
分，而潜水技术知识触及到了海面。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是decided，所以空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，book和publish之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填published。
29．考查定语从句。句意：在这次冒险之后，厄尔创办了两家生产深海探险交通工具的公司。这里的先行
词是companies，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
30．考查副词。句意：这些交通工具技术的持续进步帮助打开了深海探索以前未被探索的领域。空处修饰
过去分词unexplored，需用副词previously作状语。故填previously。
