文档内容
2024 届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练
专题 10
自然科学
Home security startup taps face-recognition
基础篇 家庭安全初创公司利用人脸识别技术
technology
Chinese researchers invent AI system 中国研究人员发明人工智能系统促进化
巩固篇
facilitating chemical experiments 学实验
Old Chinese brands try new ideas to keep up
提高篇 中国老品牌尝试新理念
with the times
专项微练 单句语法填空 形容词和副词专项训练
真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练
【原创题】
【基础篇】
A team of engineers that worked on self-driving cars
and helped invent Google Street View want to help people
guard their homes against intruders using 1 same
style of face recognition that unlocks smart phones.
Lighthouse AI, 2 (they) startup, on
Thursday released a home security camera that uses a 3D sensor similar 3 that found in Apple’s iPhone
X. The sensor helps the camera recognize the faces of different members of a family and even pets, 4 it
can send out alerts to a user’s phone when an unknown person enters a home but avoid false alarms 5
(cause) by the family dog. Ligthouse AI has roots with Stanford University and Alphabet’s Google. The two co-
founders, Alex Teichman and Hendrik Dahlkamp, met while both 6 (work) in the Stanford laboratory of
Sebastian Thrun, the early leader of Google’s self-driving car efforts. Thrun is on Lighthouse’s board, and it’s
backed by Andy Rubin, the co-creator of the Android mobile operating system, and his 7 (invest)fund,
Playground Global.
The 3D sensor in the Lighthouse camera, which sells for 299 US dollars and a 10 US dollars per month serviceplan, simulates the eyes of a self-driving car. Teichman and Dahlkamp had been working on self-driving cars since
2005 and left the field because they weren’t convinced self-driving cars could beat humans’ 8 (safe)
record for several more years. “It seems like there are many more research problems in the way. We wanted to
deploy something at 99% accuracy that would be delightful and useful to use right now,” Teichman told reporters.
Another key element of the Lighthouse system is a voice-based interface for setting up alerts and finding
video. Users can ask the device’s accompanying smart phone app questions like, “Show me video of the dog” or
“Send me an alert if the kids aren’t home from school by 4 p.m. on weekdays.” Lighthouse says it does not share
user data and lets users set the camera to only record when they are not home 9 (ease) privacy concerns
over a camera that can recognize specific people. But the company is hoping other benefits outweigh those
concerns. Jessica Gilmartin, the startup’s chief marketing officer, said it is working with elder care companies to
use the cameras to detect changes in an older person’s gait that could put them at risk of a fall. “ 1 0 do
you get that information to family members so you can get help before it happens?” she said.
【答案】
1.the 2.their 3.to 4.so 5.caused
6.were working 7.investment 8.safety 9.to ease 10.How
【巩固篇】
Chinese researchers have invented 1 artificial intelligence (AI) system that facilitates chemical
research and 2 (experiment), according to the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) in
Hefei City, Anhui Province. The all-round AI-Chemist system is equipped 3 a scientific mind that is
capable of 4 (perform) all essential steps required for chemical research, according to researchers from
the USTC. The system 5 (realize) automatic data collection, processing, analysis and visualization. It is
designed to be able to 6 (automatic) search for and read relevant literature from a cloud database 7
propose experimental plans accordingly. It can also control a mobile robot in-house or online to automatically
execute the complete experimental process on 8 (much) than 10 workstations. The experimental data
can be simultaneously analyzed by the computational brain of the AI-Chemist, 9 (allow) it to propose a
new hypothesis for the next iteration. The competence of the system 1 0 (test) by three different
chemical tasks, said a research article published in the journal National Science Review of China.
【答案】
1.an 2.experiments 3.with 4.performing 5.realizes6.automatically 7.and 8.more 9.allowing 10.was tested
【提高篇】
Tong Ren Tang (TRT), a time-honored Chinese pharmaceutical company and the largest producer of
traditional Chinese medicine, 1 (try) to combine the best of the East and the West. It's a new shop that
offers coffee alongside 2 (tradition) medicine has attracted lots of customers. One of its 3
(special)is goji coffee made with the goji berry which is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Cheng Lin, 4
customer of the new shop, said, "I'm a local Beijinger, and I've been taking medicine 5 (produce) by the
TRT from a young age. At first I was kind of surprised when we first came here, we saw coffee, cookies ... It's not
like the traditional TRT, but I think it's a good idea to do this because many old brands don't exist anymore, so I
think it's good to be innovative." "Young people like punk health. New and fashionable things can attract them. But
the pandemic has made them 6 (think) about their health, and an environment like this will provide
them with healthy material," said Yu Ruixuan, the vice-president of WeHealth at TRT Health.
TRT is a brand synonymous with traditional Chinese medicine. It's a family business handed down from
generation to generation over 300 years and everything is done manually. But reviving an old brand has been a
journey full of challenges. Just south of Tiananmen Square in downtown Beijing, is the Chinese capital's oldest
shopping street, Dashilan. This is 7 people find the original TRT pharmacy and many other time-
honored brands. There are over 1,000 8 (official) recognized "time-honored brands" in China with an
average history of around 140 years. There are strict criteria to earn the title. A company must 9 (create)
before 1956, with unique products, techniques or services, and be widely recognized by society. Shanghai has 180
such brands, more than any other area in China.
Many of them struggled to survive in the reform and opening-up period that began in the late 1970s. Wang
Mazi Scissors, for example, was founded in the 17th century and declared bankrupt in 2003. Some have found
ways to rejuvenate. White Rabbit created alliances with MAXAM and Happy Lemon 1 0 (launch) a
creamy flavored lip balm and White Rabbit milk tea. Seeking a balance between tradition and innovation, and
bringing new blood into legendary Chinese businesses. But can time-honored brands shake off the legacy burden
and re-invent themselves? Only time will tell.
【答案】
1.is trying 2.traditional 3.specialties 4.a 5.produced
6.think 7.where 8.officially 9.have been created 10.to launch【专项微练：形容词和副词】
1．________ (absorb)in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Absorbed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：专注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。be absorbed in“专注于”是固定
表达，此处省略be用形容词短语作状语。故填Absorbed。
2．The housing problems came ________ at the meeting once again. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】up
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：住房问题又一次在会上被提了出来。根据“The housing problems”和“at
the meeting”可推知，此处用固定短语come up，表示“被提出”，空处填up。故填up。
3．The ______________ (frighten) man sounded as if he was dying of fright. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】frightened
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个吓坏了的男人听起来好像快要吓死了。空处修饰名词man，应用形容词
作定语，表示“感到害怕的”应用frightened，符合题意。故填frightened。
4．The ________ (terrify) children ran home. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】terrified
【详解】考查形容词。句意：受惊吓的孩子跑回家去了。作定语，修饰人，表示人的主观感受，应用-ed
结尾形容词terrified。故填terrified。
5．The fishing boat was seized for its coming into ________ (restrict) waters illegally. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
【答案】restricted
【详解】考查形容词。句意：渔船因为非法进入限制水域而被抓。形容词restricted意为“受到限制的”，
修饰名词water作定语，故填restricted。
6．The most ________ (terrify) aspect of nuclear bombing is radiation. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】terrifying
【详解】考查形容词。句意：核弹轰炸最可怕的方面是辐射。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词aspect，
aspect指物，故用形容词terrifying“可怕的”，故填terrifying。
7．Encouraged by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning ________ (man)
missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】manned【详解】考查形容词。句意：受到多年来发现的鼓舞，各国的航天机构正在计划载人火星任务，可能在未
来25年内实现。修饰名词missions应用形容词manned，作定语。故填manned。
8．What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point ____________ (convince) ? (所给词的适当
形式填空)
【答案】convincing
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作者提出了什么论据来让这个观点令人信服呢？根据句子分析可知，此处应
用形容词convincing“令人信服的”作宾补，故填convincing。
9．While waiting outside the cafeteria, I received the ___________(follow) message from my friend. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】following
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在自助餐厅外等候时，我收到了朋友发来的以下信息。分析句子结构和意思
可知，这里考查形容词following，作定语，修饰后面的名词message。故填following。
10．For many years, I was ___________(convince)that my suffering was due to my size. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
【答案】convinced
【详解】考查形容词。句意：多年来，我相信，我的痛苦是来源于我的体型。根据句子分析可知，此处应
用形容词convinced，作表语，说明主语I的状态，故填convinced。
【真题精选】
（2021·舒城中学三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast
___11___ (variety) places on the earth. But they also go beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a
whole. The word geography comes from two Greek words: ge，the Greek word for "earth" and graphein,
___12___ means "to write". The English word geography means "to describe the earth". Some geography books
focus on a small area like a town or city. ___13___ deal with a state, a region, a nation, or ___14___ entire
continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another way ___15___ (divide) the study of
geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural
world; the latter starts with human beings and studies how human beings and their environment act ___16___ each
other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, ___17___ branch can neglect the other.A geographermight be described as one who observes, records, and explains the___18___ (differ) between places. If all places
look alike, there would be little need for geographers.
We know, however, ___19___ no two places are exactly the same. Geography, then , is a point of view, a
special way of ___20___ (look) at places.
【答案】
11．various 12．which 13．Others 14．an 15．to divide 16．on/upon 17．neither
18．differences 19．that 20．looking
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对地理学科进行了介绍。
11．考查形容词。句意：地理学家比较和对比地球上的不同地方。修饰名词places应用形容词作定语。形
容词various意为“不同的”。故填various。
12．考查定语从句。句意：“geography”这个词来自两个希腊词:“ge”，希腊语中表示“地球”，
“graphein”的意思是“书写”。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为graphein，所以应用关系代
词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
13．考查代词。句意：另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。根据“Some geography
books”可知，此处是指另外一些书，应用代词others代指，作主语。句首首字母应大写。故填Others。
14．考查不定冠词。句意：另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。根据“a state, a
region, a nation”可知，此处应用不定冠词表示泛指，entire开头发音为元音，所以应用不定冠词an。故填
an。
15．考查to do不定式。句意：另一些则涉及一个国家、一个地区、一个民族或整个大陆。修饰抽象名词
way应用to do不定式。故填to divide。
16．考查介词。句意：前者关注自然世界；后者从人类开始，研究人类和环境如何相互作用。act on/upon
意为“对……起作用”，为固定搭配，所以应用介词on或upon。故填on/upon。
17．考查形容词。句意：但当地理作为一门单一学科时，任何一个分支都不能忽视另一个分支。根据the
other可知，此处是指两个分支都不能忽视对方，应用形容词neither表示“两者都不的”，修饰名词
branch。故填neither。
18．考查名词复数。句意：地理学家可以被描述为观察、记录和解释各地差异的人。作动词explains的宾
语应用名词，名词difference意为“不同”，地方之间的差异有很多，所以应用名词复数。故填
differences。
19．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，我们知道，没有两个地方是完全相同的。在宾语从句中不缺少成分和意
义，所以应用从属连词that引导。故填that。20．考查动名词。句意：地理是一种观点，一种观察地方的特殊方式。在介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故
填looking。
（2021·烟台三模）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recognizing a cat’s emotions from its face is often hard, even for its owners. Now, researchers from Canada’s
University of Guelph insist that cats also express emotions on their faces—one just has to learn ____21____ to
interpret them!
For their study, Professors Lee Niel and Georgia Mason surveyed 6,300 ____22____(volunteer) from 85
countries. The participants ____23____(show) the cats’ faces from a series of short videos.
The researchers, who published their findings in the November 2019 issue of Animal Welfare, found that only
13 percent, or 819 participants, were able to read the cats’ emotions ____24____(accurate) over 75 percent of the
time. Further research showed that the so-called “cat whisperers” were primarily women and veterinarians(兽医),
Younger adults also seemed to be able to read the expressions even ____25____(well) than older individuals.
Surprisingly, being a cat owner did not help study participants, ____26____(indicate) that a strong attachment
____27____ the animal did not necessarily mean better understanding of its emotions.
The researchers believe cats’ expressions can be learned over time, ____28____ explains why veterinary staff
scored high in the study. “This is important to be able to do because it could help strengthen the bond between
owners and cats, and so improve cat care and welfare.” said Niel.
____29____(find) out if you have what it takes to be a “cat whisperer,” take the fun cat faces quiz
_____30_____(create) by the study’s researchers.
【答案】
21．how 22．volunteers 23．were shown 24．accurately 25．better 26．indicating
27．to 28．which 29．To find 30．created
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了从猫的脸上识别猫的情绪是一件困难的事情。但加拿大圭尔夫大学
的研究人员坚持认为，猫也会在脸上表达情感——人们只需学会如何解读它们就可以了。文章介绍了就此
进行的一些实验。
21．考查“疑问词+to do”的用法。 句意：现在，加拿大圭尔夫大学的研究人员坚持认为，猫也会在脸
上表达情感——人们只需学会如何解读它们就可以了! 根据空格后“to interpret them”可知此处填疑问副
词，和不定式构成“疑问词+to do”作learn的宾语，根据句意可知此处指如何解读它们。故填how。22．考查名词。句意：在这项研究中，李·尼尔教授和乔治亚·梅森教授调查了来自85个国家的6300名志
愿者。volunteer“志愿者”为可数名词，空格前有数字6,300，故空格处填名词复数。故填volunteers。
23．考查时态语态。句意：研究人员向参与者展示了一系列短视频中的猫的脸。主语participants与shown
之间是被动关系，根据前文的时态可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填were shown。
24．考查副词。句意：研究人员将他们的研究结果发表在2019年11月的《动物福利》杂志上，他们发现
只有13%的人，即819名参与者，能够在75%以上的情况下准确读出猫的情绪。修饰谓语“were able to
read”用副词。故填accurately。
25．考查比较级。句意：进一步的研究表明，所谓的“猫语者”主要是女性和兽医。年轻人似乎比年长者
更能读懂猫的表情。根据空格后的“than”可知空格后填比较级。故填better。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：令人惊讶的是，养猫对研究参与者并没有什么帮助，这表明对猫的强烈依恋
并不一定意味着更好地理解它的情感。句子的谓语是“did not help”，故空格处填动词的非谓语形式，此处
与前文是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。故填indicating。
27．考查固定短语。 句意：令人惊讶的是，养猫对研究参与者并没有什么帮助，这表明对猫的强烈依恋
并不一定意味着更好地理解它的情感。attachment to sth.是一个固定短语，意为：对......的依恋。故填to。
28．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：研究人员认为猫的表情是可以通过时间习得的，这也解释了为什么兽
医人员在这项研究中得分较高。分析可知空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，从句缺少主
语，故用关系代词which。故填which。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：要想知道你是否具备成为“猫语者”的条件，请参加由研究人员设计的有趣
的猫脸测试。此处作目的状语，故用不定式。故填To find。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：要想知道你是否具备成为“猫语者”的条件，请参加由研究人员设计的有趣
的猫脸测试。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语quiz和create之间为被动关系，故用
过去分词。故填created。
