文档内容
2024 届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练
专题 08
环境保护
基础篇 Solutions to Plastic Pollution 塑料污染解决方案
Chile cracks down on Easter Island tourism to
巩固篇 智利打击复活节岛旅游以保护环境
protect environment
China establishes AI monitoring platform to 中国建立人工智能监测平台保护野生动
提高篇
protect wildlife 物
专项微练 单句语法填空 情态动词专项训练
真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练
【原创题】
【基础篇】
Proclaimed by the United Nations in 1972,
World Environment Day is considered 1
(be) the biggest international day for the
environment, and has been observed 2
(annual) on June 5 since 1973 in a bid to "highlight
that the protection and health of the environment is a major issue, 3 affects the well-being of peoples and
economic development throughout the world," according to a UNESCO website.
According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the day 4 (grow) to be the largest
global platform for 5 (environment) outreach. And under the theme of "Solutions to Plastic Pollution,"
this year's edition calls for global solutions and actions to combat the increasing threat of plastic to the
environment, 6 (invite) people from every corner of the earth to join the BeatPlasticPollution campaign.
In China, great efforts have been made to fight plastic pollution over the past decades. 7 measures
already in place – such as the restriction of the production, sale and use of certain plastics, the promotion of the
development of degradable, recycle-friendly alternative products, and national-level environmental conservationawareness campaigns, 8 (individual)have also been responding to the call, trying to make 9
difference in this fight against plastic pollution. Among one of the latest moves, volunteers from Wenzhou,
Zhejiang Province, offered tourists biodegradable bags in exchange for their plastic bags, in the hope of reducing
the use of plastic bags and protecting 1 0 (they) much-cherished local islands.
【答案】
1.to be 2.annually 3.which 4.has grown 5.environmental
6.inviting 7.With 8.individuals 9.a 10.their
【巩固篇】
Chile is cracking down on tourists and non-local
residents on its remote Easter Island, in a bid 1
(protect) the famed destination’s environment and
heritage, and tackle rising crime. New rules came 2
effect on Wednesday reducing the time that tourists –
foreigners, but also Chileans not part of the Rapa Nui people – can stay on the island from 90 to 30 days. Those
wishing to visit Easter Island must now fill out a special form, have a hotel reservation or present a letter of
invitation from 3 islander, along with showing round trip tickets. Those 4 wish to live on the
island are required to be a parent, partner or child of the Rapa Nui people. Others who will 5 (allow) to
stay are public servants, employees of organizations that provide services to the government, and those who
develop an independent economic activity alongside their families. The new rules will also establish a yet-to-be-
decided maximum capacity. Despite its isolated location some 3,500 kilometers from the coast of mainland Chile,
the island is a popular tourist destination, not least due to the around 900 giant human figures that line the island,
6 (stand) up to 10 meters tall.
The Moai monumental statues were carved by the Rapa Nui people, believed to have arrived on the Pacific
island around the 12th century. But tourists and mainland migrants have become a threat to the island's wellbeing.
"It is a magical island, we all want to visit it, but it is also a 7 (sense) island and therefore we have to take
care of it," Chile's President Sebastian Pinera said Wednesday, speaking on the country's 24-hour news channel.
At the last census in 2017, there were 7,750 people living on Easter Island, almost double the population of a
few decades ago, before the island 8 (hit) by a tourism boom and the real estate development that
accompanied it. Mayor Pedro Edmunds told AFP news agency that tourists are "damaging the local idiosyncrasy"as "customs from the continent" are infiltrating the island. "The 1,000-year culture is changing and not for the
good." Crime and domestic violence figures are also rising, and basic services such as waste management, 9
(strain) under the pressure. "Environmentally the island is very fragile," Ana Maria Gutierrez, the local
government's environmental adviser told AFP. For Mayor Edmunds, the legislation is "a good start" but “not
enough.” Like "many other Rapa Nui" he said he favors a "total" ban on the 1 0 (arrive) of new residents.
【答案】
1.to protect 2.into 3.an 4.who 5.be allowed
6.standing 7.sensitive 8.was hit 9.are straining 10.arrival
【提高篇】
An artificial intelligence (AI) monitoring
platform to protect China's wildlife has been 1
(joint) established, local authorities said Tuesday.
The AI big data real-time monitoring platform, co-
developed by Feline Research Center of National
Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin
Institute of Technology (HIT) and HIT Big Data Group, 2 (expect) to support research on ecological
systems, animal population and individual animals through advanced technologies, 3 (include) AI,
machine learning and neuro-linguistic processing. The Internet of Things, big data and intelligent machine vision
will also enable the platform 4 (establish) individual recognition models with main recognition 5
(element), such as animals' posture, gait, color and fur pattern.
Li Fuquan, 6 official with HIT Big Data Group, said the platform will be preliminarily applied to
track and monitor endangered Siberian tigers, leopards and their prey. Forest zones 7 northeastern
Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces and border areas between China and Russia are Siberian tigers 8
leopards' main habitat. The platform is expected to provide cross-border services for wildlife protection, according
to Li. A database for Siberian tigers and leopards will be established to help study the relationship between the
changes of 9 (ecology) environment and the development of the species. "Data can help 1 0
(we) better understand wildlife, and more technologies are expected to be introduced to study and protect wild
animals," Li added.
【答案】1.jointly 2.is expected 3.including 4.to establish 5.elements
6.an 7.in 8.and 9.ecological 10.us
【专项微练：情态动词】
1．We can’t________ (tolerant) people throwing garbage here and there, so we will launch a campaign to appeal to
people to protect the environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】tolerate
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们不能容忍人们到处乱扔垃圾，所以我们将发起一项运动，呼吁人们保护环
境。提示词在句中作谓语，与主语We之间是主动关系，在情态动词can’t后用动词原形。故填tolerate。
2．Just be patient.You ________ expect the world to change so soon.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】can’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：耐心一点儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。分析句子结构可知，此处应为
情态动词，结合句意可知，此处表示推测，含有“劝慰”的意思，意为“不可能”，使用情态动词can’t符
合语境。故填can’t。
3．It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ________ be rather cold. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】can
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：三月我的家乡通常很暖和，但也可能会很冷。分析句子结构可知，be动词
前应为情态动词，结合句意可知，此处为情态动词表推测，在“系动词+形容词”结构中，通常使用can表
示“有时候会，时常会”，该句表示“在3月我们家乡通常很温暖，但有时候会很冷”，所以此处使用情
态动词can符合语境。故填can。
4．________ you please hand me the book over there? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Would
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你能把那边的书交给我吗？分析句子可知，此处应为“would you please do
sth.”的用法，表示对“你/你们”的请求，would在这里有表示委婉的语气的作用，而please加强了这种委
婉的语气，且would位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Would。
5．Although she had read the story, I don’t think she ________ see the point of it. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】could
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：虽然她读过这个故事，但我认为她不明白其中的意义。后跟动词原形，表
示“能够”应用could。故填could。6．You ________ get a prize as long as you finish it ahead of time. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】shall
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：只要你提前完成，你就会得到奖品。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用
情态动词shall，表给对方的允诺，后接动词原形。故填shall。
7．It ________ be Tom who broke the window, because he has been studying at home all day long.(用适当的词填
空)
【答案】can’t
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：打破窗户的不可能是汤姆，因为他一整天都在家里学习。根据句意，设空
处应用情态动词can’t，表对目前状态的否定猜测。故填can’t。
8．He ________ be at home, for the lights are on. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他一定在家，因为灯还开着。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用情态动
词must，表对当前状态的推测，意为“一定”。故填must。
9．The little boy ________ not go out in the evening. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】dare
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个小男孩晚上不敢出去。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用情态动词
dare，意为“敢于”，后接动词原形。故填dare。
10．I find it ________to take a walk in the countryside, where I can ________myself with a cup of tea and eat
some ________.(refresh) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】 refreshing refresh refreshments
【详解】考查形容词、动词和名词。句意：我觉得在乡下散步使人精神焕发，在那里我可以喝杯茶提神，
吃点点心。第一空应填形容词作宾语补足语，refreshing使人精力充沛的，令人耳目一新的，形容词；第二
空是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，refresh使恢复精力，使凉爽，动词，情态动词can后接动词原
形；第三空应填名词作宾语，refreshments茶点，点心，常用复数形式。故填
①refreshing②refresh③refreshments。
【真题精选】
（2023·湖北·统考二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan will be released soon. The plan is
being drafted____11____(meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most
diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan,
which____12____(launch) by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for
national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the ____13____(country) land area and preserve more
than 80 percent of the key national ____14____(protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China
announced its first group of five national parks, covering ____15____total land area of more than 230,000 square
kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks____16____(make) achievements in environmental and species
protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established____17____an orderly manner
and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration
official. Li also said at the news conference on Monday ____18____China’s planted forest conservation area has
reached 87.6 million hectares,____19____(rank) Nolin the world. China is also one of the 12 countries with
_____20_____(rich) biodiversity in the world, he added.
【答案】
11．to meet 12．was launched 13．country’s 14．protected 15．a 16．have made
17．in 18．that 19．ranking 20．the richest
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。中国将建设世界上最大的国家公园体系，不久将发布布局规划。该规划正
在起草中，以满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的体系的要求。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：该规划正在起草中，以满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保
护价值最高的体系的要求。分析句子可知，此处是不定式做目的状语。故填to meet。
12．考查时态语态。句意：根据政府于2019年启动的该计划，约有50个地区被选为国家公园的候选地
区。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据时间状语 in 2019可知，应用一般过去时态。先行词the plan与
launch是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填was launched。
13．考查名词所有格。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖全国10%的土地面积，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护
野生动植物物种。分析句子可知，此处应用名词所有格形式作定语。故填country’s。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语。wild plant and animal
species与protect是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填protected。
15．考查冠词。句意：10月，中国宣布了第一批五个国家公园，总占地面积超过23万平方公里。cover
a(n)… area of 是固定短语，意为“占地……；覆盖多大面积”，total发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。16．考查时态。句意：自成立以来，这些公园在环境和物种保护方面取得了成就。分析句子可知，空格处
作谓语，根据时间状语since可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have made。
17．考查介词。句意：国家林草局官员李强调：“与此同时，一批新的国家公园正在有序建立，并将尽快
投入使用。” in an orderly manner是固定短语，意为“有条不紊地”。故填in。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：李在周一的新闻发布会上还表示，中国的人工林保护面积已达8760万公顷，居
世界首位。分析句子可知，空格处应填入宾语从句引导词，该宾语从句成分齐全，句意完整，故用that引
导。故填that。
19．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词短语作结
果状语。故填ranking。
20．考查形容词最高级。句意：他补充道，中国也是世界上生物多样性最丰富的12个国家之一。根据句中
in the world可知，此处应用形容词最高级。故填the richest。
（2023·甘肃陇南一模）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Analysis of millions of infrared (红外线) photos and tens of ____21____(thousand)of videos shows that the
Sanjiangyuan area in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has one of the most complete food chains in the world.
The analysis____22____(carry) out by the Shan Shui Conservation Centre more than a decade ago. A professor of
conservation biology at Peking University,____23____founded the center in 2007 and has____24____(continuous)
worked on the preservation of Sanjiangyuan for 17 years, said, “Conservation of nature is not about shouting
slogans (口号) related to keeping rare animals alive It is not something you can learn from textbooks. Reality
always____25____(tell) us what the problem is. Apart from protecting animals and the environment, we need to
pay attention to the people who share the natural environment ____26____wildlife. Wildlife conservation is all
down to humans”.
Since her 20s, the professor has been devoted to protecting ____27____researching endangered wildlife such
as pandas and snow leopards, ____28____(promote) the establishment of protected areas and related laws and
policies. The conservation center has worked with the park’s management committee ____29____(develop)
supervisory(监管) systems, and provided product design _____30_____(solution) for nature experience programs.
【答案】
21．thousands 22．was carried 23．who 24．continuously 25．tells 26．with 27．and
28．promoting 29．to develop 30．solutions
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北京大学保护生物学教授持续致力于三江源保护17年。21．考查固定短语。句意：对数百万张红外照片和数万段视频的分析表明，位于青藏高原中心的三江源地
区拥有世界上最完整的食物链之一。表示“数万”短语为thousands of。故填thousands。
22．考查时态语态。句意：这项分析是由山水自然保育中心在十多年前进行的。主语analysis与谓语动词
carry构成被动关系，根据后文more than a decade ago可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词
应用was。故填was carried。
23．考查定语从句。句意：他是北京大学保护生物学教授，于2007年创立了该中心，17年来一直致力于
三江源的保护工作。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词professor，在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。
24．考查副词。句意：他是北京大学保护生物学教授，于2007年创立了该中心，17年来一直致力于三江
源的保护工作。修饰动词work应用副词continuously，作状语。故填continuously。
25．考查时态。句意：现实总是告诉我们问题所在。根据后文is可知为一般现在时，主语为Reality，为不
可数名词，谓语用三单形式。故填tells。
26．考查介词。句意：除了保护动物和环境，我们还需要关注那些与野生动物共享自然环境的人们。表示
“和……分享”短语为share with。故填with。
27．考查连词。句意：自20多岁以来，她一直致力于保护和研究大熊猫、雪豹等濒危野生动物，推动保护
区的建立和相关法律政策的制定。此处protecting与researching为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：自20多岁以来，她一直致力于保护和研究大熊猫、雪豹等濒危野生动物，推
动保护区的建立和相关法律政策的制定。分析句子结构可知promote与逻辑主语the professor构成主动关
系，故用现在分词作状语。故填promoting。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：保护中心与公园管理委员会合作开发了监督系统，并为自然体验项目提供了
产品设计解决方案。分析句子结构可知develop作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to develop。
30．考查名词。句意：保护中心与公园管理委员会合作开发了监督系统，并为自然体验项目提供了产品设
计解决方案。作宾语，应用名词solution，前文没有冠词故用复数形式表示泛指。故填solutions。
（2023·贵州铜仁二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two villages have been named the Best Tourism Villages 2022 by the World Tourism Organization, thanks to
their achievements in ____31____ (balance) tourism with economic development while sticking to ____32____
(environment) protection.
According to the organization, 32 villages in 18 countries and regions including Austria, Chile and China
____33____ (award) the recognition late on Tuesday. China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous
region ____34____ Jingzhu village in Chongqing won the recognition.Figures show that tourism development in Dazhai ____35____ (bring) great economic benefits to villagers
since the village started to develop tourism around 2003.
According to the bureau, ____36____ the village only received 32,000 visits in 2004, the number rose to
nearly 798,000 in 2019 before COVID-19 emerged. The villagers’ average income also saw ____37____ rise from
700 yuan per year ($100) to over 34,500 yuan in 2019.
Jingzhu village, the other village ____38____ (recognize) by the World Tourism Organization this year, is
located in Chongqing.
The World Tourism Organization began to award Best Tourism Villages across the world in 2021 ____39____
(promote) the cultural heritage protection and sustainable development of villages. China so far has four villages
winning the title, _____40_____ the other two being Yucun village in Zhejiang and Xidi village in Anhui.
【答案】
31．balancing 32．environmental 33．were awarded 34．and 35．has brought
36．while/although/though 37．a 38．recognized 39．to promote 40．with
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。联合国世界旅游组织正式公布2022年“最佳旅游乡村”名单，中国广西大寨
村和重庆荆竹村成功入选。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：两个村庄被世界旅游组织评为2022年最佳旅游村，这是由于他们在平衡旅游
与经济发展的同时坚持保护环境方面取得的成就。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据空
前面的介词in可知，此处应为动名词形式作其宾语，且表示主动意义。故填balancing。
32．考查形容词。句意：两个村庄被世界旅游组织评为2022年最佳旅游村，这是由于他们在平衡旅游与经
济发展的同时坚持保护环境方面取得的成就。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名protection，
environment的形容词为environmental意为“环境的”。故填environmental。
33．考查谓语动词。句意：据该组织称，周二晚些时候，奥地利、智利、中国等18个国家和地区的32个
村庄获得了认可。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语为late on Tuesday可知，此处应使
用一般过去时，与句子主语32 villages为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were awarded。
34．考查连词。句意：中国广西壮族自治区的大寨村和重庆的荆竹村获得了这一荣誉。分析句子结构可
知，此处为连词连接两个并列主语Dazhai village和Jingzhu village。故填and。
35．考查谓语动词。句意：数据显示，自2003年前后开始发展旅游业以来，大寨的旅游业发展为村民带来
了巨大的经济效益。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since the village started to develop
tourism around 2003可知，此处应使用现在完成时，且与主语tourism development之间为主动关系，主语是
第三人称单数。故填has brought。36．考查状语从句。句意：据该局称，尽管2004年该村仅接待了3.2万人次，但在2019年COVID-19出现
之前，这一数字上升到近79.8万人次。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，根据语境可
知，前后两个分句应为“尽管”的意思。故填while/although/though。
37．考查冠词。句意：村民的平均收入也从每年700元(100美元)增加到2019年的3.45万元以上。分析句
子结构可知，这里的rise是可数名词单数，意为“（数量或水平的）增加，提高”，其前面通常用不定冠
词表示泛指意义，且rise的第一个音素是辅音。故填a。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：荆竹村是今年被世界旅游组织认可的另一个村庄，位于重庆。分析句子结构
可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，recognize与修饰的名词village之间为被动关系，且表示动作已经发生，
所以使用过去分词形式。故填recognized。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界旅游组织于2021年开始在全球范围内颁发最佳旅游村，以促进文化遗产
保护和村庄的可持续发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“为
了……”为目的状语，因此使用动词不定式形式。故填to promote。
40．考查介词。句意：到目前为止，中国有四个村庄获得了冠军，另外两个是浙江的余村和安徽的西递
村。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构“with+宾语+宾补”在句中作状语，其中现在分词短语作宾语补
足语。故填with。
