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重难语法 06 词形词性转化
目录
题型综述.............................................................................................................................................2
解题攻略.............................................................................................................................................2
考点01 定语从句........................................................................................................................3
考点02 名词性从句....................................................................................................................5
考点03 状语从句........................................................................................................................9
考点04 特殊句式......................................................................................................................10
高考练场...........................................................................................................................................15词形转换是高考语法填空的一个重点。在解答语法填空中词形转换的相关题目时，一要根据空处在句
中所作的成分确定词性：名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等，动词作谓语与非谓语，形容词作表
语、定语，副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；二要根据标志词及语境确定比较级；三要根
据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
如何判断是否考查词形转换
解题攻略 例
•第一步：确定是否考查词形转 It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the
换： traveler to become educated about the areas — both in
提示词为动词， 如果既不是谓语 terms of geographical conditions and cultural
动词， 也不是非谓语动词， 则考 characteristics, and often provides money for conservation
虑动词词性转换。 and benefits the ________ (develop) of the local areas.
•第二步：确定转换为名词或形容 分析：第一步：确定是否考查词性转换
词： 提示词为动词，句子有谓语动词allows及并列谓语
根据句式结构以及空格所缺成分进 provides可知，空格处既不是谓语动词， 也不是非谓
一步分析，如果作动词或介词的宾 语动词， 则考虑动词词性转换。
语、作主语， 动词常转换为名 第二步：确定转换为名词或形容词
词； 如果作表语或者定语，动词 根据分析句子成分，空格在冠词the之后， 应填名
常转换为形容词。 词。
1.动词转换为形容词：
①-able结尾的形容词
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担的起的
②v.＋ed/ing 转换为形容词
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
worry→worried 担心的
excite→exciting 令人激动的；令人兴奋的③v.＋词缀ive转化为形容词
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人印象深刻的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
④v.＋词缀-ful/less转换为形容词
cheer→cheerful 兴高采烈的
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thank→thankful 感激的
2．动词转换为名词
①v.＋-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词，表示“状态或行为”
celebrate→celebration n．庆祝
compete→competition n．比赛
pollute→pollution n．污染
educate→ education n．教育
②v.＋-ment转换为名词，表示“行为或结果”
achieve→achievement n．成就
announce→announcement n．宣布
argue→argument n．争论， 论据
develop→development n．发展
③v.＋-er/-or 转换为名词， 表示“人”
perform→performer n．表演者
settle→settler n．移民者
educate→educator n．教育家
direct→director n．导演
3.名词的单复数：
若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的复数。若有以
下情况考虑名词复数：
①有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。
②名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。
③若谓语动词是复数形式，则空处应填名词复数形式。
4.名词转换成形容词
提示词为名词，如果作定语修饰后面的名词，则一般考查名词变形容词。
注意名词变形容词的后缀
①n.＋-able→adj. honor→honorable②n.＋-al→adj. nature→natural
③n.＋-ful→adj. colour→colourful
④n.＋-en→adj. wood→wooden
⑤n.＋-y→adj. wealth→wealthy
5.名词转换成动词
提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。熟记名词变动词的前缀/后缀
①加前缀en-： courage→encourage vt.鼓励
danger → endanger vt. 危及；使遭到危险
②加后缀-en: strength→strengthen vt.加强
③加后缀-ize: apology →apologize v．道歉
6.填名词的所有格
提示词与其后的名词是所属关系， 应考虑名词的所有格。
①单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加-'s。
②以-s或-es结尾的复数名词，形式为-s'或-es'。
7.形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词
根据句意和前后逻辑关系， 确定句意表否定时，添加否定前缀(un-，im-，dis-等)或否定后缀(-less)变
为反义词。
8.形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级
(1)利用标志词确定比较等级
①题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时用比较级。
②设空后有表示范围的标志词in，of，among等时用最高级。
③设空前有one of the，the＋序数词等修饰词时，用最高级。
(2)利用固定句型
“the＋比较级 ...the＋比较级 ...”表示“越……就越……”。
(3)利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有标志词，但暗含比较级或最高级，也需要用比较级或最高级。
单句语法填空
1．The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without (recognise). (所给词的
适当形式填空)
2．The (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.(所给词的适当
形式填空)3．There are so many people with guns these days; it’s really . (fright)
4．You can depend on him to come on time--- he is very . (rely)
5．Dealing with such a tough situation taught me that one (fail) could only make me stronger. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
6．Hosting the Winter Olympic Games can ( strength) the friendship among people from different
countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．Most shoemakers now produce (fashion) shoes in order to compete in the market. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
8．This makes commercial space travel an awkward issue not just (domestic), but abroad. (所给词
的适当形式填空)
9．An organization doesn't grow if you don’t have a (vision) leader to take you into the future. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
10． (visible) was down to about 100 meters in the fog. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．Every morning he tried to do exercises to (strong) his leg muscles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．A (determine) person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
13．I’m looking forward to visiting some tourist (attract) when I have extra money. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
14．Children who never gained their parents’ (approve) tend to suffer from a lack of confidence. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
15．While staying in Beijing, he made the (good) of his spare time to know more of Chinese literature.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
16．In natural outdoor lighting, it can (automatic) complete visual identification and fueling without
manual intervention. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．Jack speak English very (fluent) as if he were an Englishman. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．As a native of Fengcheng, I have a great (prefer) for hot pepper. The hotter, the better. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
19．It is said that Newton’s strong (curious) about a fallen apple on his head led to the discovery
of the law of gravity. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20．Evidence points to hunting by humans and habitat (destroy) as the likely causes for the current mass
extinction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21．People under the age of 40 constitute the (major) of the labour force. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22．His (determine) looks suggested that he wouldn’t change his mind. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23．Thanks to recent research, (effect) treatments are available. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24．She got a headache if she had to read for any (long) of time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25．The little boy gave his all in the game, playing without (hesitate) even when he was injured. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26．It is (convenient) to have a meeting during lunchtime when everyone is busy. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
27．Though the government has taken many measures, the train service is still (frequent) delayed due
to bad weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28．People often have different opinions on some hot issues, so it is impossible to make (assume)
about people's reactions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
29．Violin is a (string) instrument which produces a particularly beautiful and vibrant (充满活力的)
tone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30．A (conduct) is someone who stands in front of a group of musicians or singers and directs their
playing or singing. （所给词的适当形式填空）
31．Listening to more music can (able) people to improve their aesthetic (审美的) ability. （所给
词的适当形式填空）
32．I was so impressed by the band’s (perform) that I want to listen to it again. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
33．At around 11 a. m, the tomato trucks make their (enter) and stop in the town centre. （所给词
的适当形式填空）
34．The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its (permanent). （所给词的适
当形式填空）
35．Realizing small goals will also give you (encourage) to achieve your long-term goal. （所给
词的适当形式填空）
36．Of （equality）importance are good habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. （所给词的适
当形式填空）
37．Some people looking difficult to get along with are (actual) friendly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38．The girl was (frighten) when a dog was running after her on her way home. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
39．Compared with other countries, the (unique) of traditional Chinese culture lies in its long
historical background. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．You’d better make a detailed (arrange) in advance before you travel abroad. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
41．After graduating from college, he found a job and ended his (depend) on his parents. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
42．To her great (disappoint), it rained on the day of the picnic. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43． (employ) provides not just a livelihood, but also a sense of purpose and fulfillment in life. (所给词的
适当形式填空)
44．Do you mean you were in complete (ignore) of the fact? (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．As for your parents, you should make an (apologise) to them. (所给词的适当形式填空)46．No one will put a figure on the final cost of this (reconstruct). (所给词的适当形式填空)
47．This new suggestion is a distinct improvement from the one I (original) made. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
48．Luckily he was just (slight) injured in the traffic accident. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49．Comparing the two photographs, I could hardly tell the (differ) between the twins. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
50．The problem with computer games is that they are (addict). (所给词的适当形式填空)
语篇语法填空（注意词形词性转化）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the right expectations and a little preparation, a visit to China can be an amazing experience. Knowing
some Chinese is not a 1 (necessary) but it helps a lot. In large cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the
relatively younger generations, 2 can speak basic English, are eager to help out. If you choose a smaller
city as your destination, being able to speak basic Chinese is 3 (benefit). We foreigners would have a
difficult time here if we couldn’t speak the basics of Chinese. Plus, a simple hello or thank-you in Chinese 4
(appreciate), as natives can see that we’ve made 5 effort to learn and speak their language.
There are a lot of language learning apps and computer programs 6 (choose) from. It also helps to
have a Chinese translate app on your phone. We used this to communicate many times as well.
We 7 (figure) out many travel tips for ourselves while traveling. During our travel, we avoided
traveling in a large group of people, 8 (prefer) to find our own way. Though we got lost sometimes,
independent travel is still the best way to be absorbed 9 the culture. By traveling on our own we can
interact with the local people 10 (natural), rather than traveling within the safety of a large travel
group with a guide.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study by researchers from the University of Toronto, Hangzhou Normal University and Harvard
University has found that 11 (simple) expressing trust in young children can promote their honesty.
Conducted through 12 series of field experiments with 328 kindergarteners, the international study
was intended to know whether children were less likely to cheat in a simple test of counting accuracy if the adult
13 (direct) the test had previously conveyed her trust in them. The results showed that when adults trusted
children to help with small tasks, such as holding their house keys, and 14 (express) that they would trust
them in the future, the children were significantly less likely to cheat on a subsequent test compared to children
15 weren’t given such trust messages.
“We were astonished by how powerful an effect a simple expression of trust had 16 children’s
subsequent honesty was,” said Professor Li Zhao of Hangzhou Normal University. “It seems that even at a young
age,children understand the value of trust and are willing to behave more honestly in response to feeling 17
(trust).”Not only do the findings have important theoretical implications, but they also offer 18 (practice)
guidance to help parents and educators in developing moral character from an early age. “ 19 (we) results
point to the promise of using trust rather than threats or punishment 20 (develop) good qualities in
children,” said Dr. Zhao.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tea art was born in the Han Dynasty, 21 (mature) in the Song Dynasty and flourished in
the Ming and Qing dynasties. Chinese tea art made 22 (it) a cultural and spiritual icon, symbolizing a
noble character.
Early records of tea sets are scarce before the Tang Dynasty. However, Lu Yu’s work, Cha Jing, promoted a
flourishing of tea culture, 23 (detail) 28 distinct tea sets within a single chapter.
The tea sets in the Song Dynasty are more gorgeous and magnificent. Tea bottle replaced water boiler, and
“cha xian”, functioning 24 a spoon to blend tea, was added in tea sets. A 25 (compete) game
based on tea drinking acquired 26 great reputation during this time. The tea bottle used has a big belly,
long neck, and parabolic mouth for precise pouring.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea sets shifted back to simpler terracotta and porcelain, yet they were more
sophisticated than Tang Dynasty 27 (version). White colored tea sets, 28 colour was
beautifully set off by the green color of the loose tea, became more favorable. Purple clay pottery from Yixing,
Jiangsu province, thrived in the Qing Dynasty. 29 (remarkable), tea in purple clay tea sets still tastes
good after 30 (keep) for one night even in hot summer.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jingtailan, also known as Cloisonne, is 31 unique combination of sculpture, painting, porcelain
making and copper-smithing. 32 (introduce) to China from Arabian countries via the ancient Silk Road,
Cloisonne first 33 (appear) in China in the Yuan Dynasty and developed during the Ming Dynasty,
during 34 time the predominant use of blue enamel glaze (珐琅釉) inspired its name, jingtailan.
Making Cloisonne requires rather complicated processes and each cloisonne piece 35 (fire) three
times with a fresh coat of enamel each time. After firing, the pieces are polished to look like gold.
Cloisonne can be found on large objects such as vases and other large decorative items, as well as small
items like earrings. All the products are beautiful and 36 (elegance) in molding, brilliant in colors and
splendid and graceful in design. Jingtailan art pieces are often used 37 national gifts on important
occasions, 38 (show) rich cultural heritage.
Nowadays, because more and more senior craftsmen are passing away, the production factory is struggling
39 (survive) and this outstanding tech nique is on the edge of disappearing. So it is urgent to integrate modern
design concepts into the 40 (create) of jingtailan to ensure this traditional art shines in the new era.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Li Ziqi, one of China’s most popular influences, stopped publishing new content after an 18- minute video in2021. She made a surprising comeback on Tuesday after she stopped posting new videos for more than three years,
41 (capture) widespread attention from home and abroad.
On 12 November, Li ended her 42 (mystery) absence by posting three new videos unexpectedly. The
first video 43 (gain) over 100 million views on Weibo within five hours of its release. Li’s popularity
originated from her description of rural life, resonating (产生共鸣) with teenagers, 44 Are increasingly
separated with urban life, and her dedication to preserving traditional Chinese culture. Li’s return has been met with
enthusiasm by fans who admire her courage to take 45 Break from her peak popularity. She has remained
46 (extreme) silent about her life during her absence. Meanwhile, she 47 (express) her desire to share
more about her experiences and mind set over the past few years.
Li appears to have been planning her comeback for some time, 48 Her first video documenting a
month-long effort to build a wardrobe (衣柜). Li has announced her intention 49 (continue) promoting
traditional Chinese culture through a series of videos developed by various artists. She reflects on her time away
from the spot light, stating that being forgotten allowed her to focus on her 50 (passion) without
distractions.
