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重难语法 03 非谓语动词
目录
题型综述.............................................................................................................................................2
解题攻略.............................................................................................................................................2
考点01 不定式............................................................................................................................5
考点02 动名词............................................................................................................................9
考点03 分词..............................................................................................................................10
高考练场...........................................................................................................................................15非谓语动词包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）。它们
在句子中不能单独作谓语，但可以承担其他语法功能。
动词不定式
涉及作主语（如 “It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.” 中引导词及形式考查）、宾语（特定动词后接不
定式作宾语情况）、宾补（使役、感官动词后 to 的有无）、定语（表将来动作）、状语（目的、结果等
情况）的相关用法及形式考查。
动名词
涵盖作主语（主谓一致及形式）、宾语（特定动词短语后接动名词的情况及复合结构）、表语（与主
语关系及语法正确性）方面的考查。
分词
现在分词：在作定语（与修饰词主动、正在进行关系）、状语（与主语主动关系及表达逻辑）、宾语
补足语（强调动作正在进行）等方面有考点。
过去分词：作定语时与修饰词为被动且动作已完成等情况是考查重点。
一、不定式用法
1. 构成
一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing
1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.
2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.
3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.
4. It happened to be raining when I got there.
注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定
式。
注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未
曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如：
I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。
I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。
I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。2．用法
To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语）
He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语）
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语）
His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语）
On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语）
She raised her voice to be heard well . （状语）
The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities.
二、动名词用法
主动语态 被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written
★ 必背动词
admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误
deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象
finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练
recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议
keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐
advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许
★ 必背句型
The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。
There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这曲子很值得多听几遍。
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month , he had a hard time passing the exam.
三、分词用法
现在分词主动语态 现在分词被动语态
一般式 writing being written
完成式 having written having been written1. The child standing over there is my brother．
2. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.
3. His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
4. Please keep us informed of the latest developments.
5. Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.
6. Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.
7. Not knowing her address , we couldn’t get in touch with her.
8. Having already seen the film twice , she didn’t want to go to the cinema.
一、单句语法填空
1．Some people would prefer (stay) at home rather than go travelling on holidays. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
2．We are invited to a party (hold) on our club next Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3． (get) a satisfactory reply, the customer wrote to the manager complaining about the bad service of that
salesman. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．Due to the heavy rain and flooding, ten million people have been forced (leave) their homes. （用所
给词的适当形式填空）
5．I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything (buy)? （用所给词的适当形式
填空）
6．I like getting up early in summer because the morning air is so good (breath). （所给词的适当形式
填空）
7．Doctors usually suggest (drink) little wine. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid (infect) with the flu. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
9． (admit) to Fudan University in advance made him feel on top of the world. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
10．He sat in the stand and imagined (fight) bravely with a fierce bull in the Colosseum.(所给词的适
当形式填空)
11．With modern traffic control facilities, speeders can’t expect to escape (detect). (所给词的适当形
式填空)12．Is there any possibility of our the championship? (win)
13．Rooms (vary) in size are equipped with hair-driers, television and telephone.（所给词的适当
形式填空）
14．Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, (symbolize) the departure of the old. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
15．The plot centers around two separate narratives regarding two policemen (work) within Hong Kong.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
16． (suffer) from heart disease for years, Professor White has to take medicine with him wherever he
goes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．The international conference currently (hold) has caught the attention of the mass media. (所给词的
适当形式填空)
18．Many Chinese brands, (develop) their reputations over centuries, are encountering new challenges
from the modern market.(所给词的适当形式填空)
19．Listening to music at home is one thing, and going to hear it (perform) live is quite another. （所给
词的适当形式填空）
20．The problem (discuss) at present at the meeting is of great importance. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
21．Many Chinese brands, （develop） their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from
the modern market. （用单词适当形式填空）
22．The speech (deliver) by the president last week was inspiring.(所给词的适当形式填空)
23．Tony Leung plays the part of a (reject) lover perfectly and gives off an air of being sad without ever
really being pathetic (可悲的). (所给词的适当形式填空)
24．Only in retrospect (回顾) did the value of appreciating a movie without judging, (accompany) by the
joy of sharing become self-evident to me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25． (see) from the west ban of the Hungpu River, the Oriental Pearl Tower looks so tall and grand.
（所给词的适当形式填空）
26．To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study (conduct) in
Australia in 2021.(所给词的适当形式填空)
27．Seeing the soldiers well (prepare) for the fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
28． (locate) in the northwest of China, Xi’an is seen as the birthplace of the country’s civilization.(所给
词的适当形式填空)
29．The old couple often take a walk after supper with the pet dog (follow) them. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
30．With the homework (finish), he was allowed to watch the football match. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
31．He pretended (do) his homework when his mother came in. （所给词的适当形式填空）32．Only by making great efforts (prevent) pollution can the problem be solved. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
33．The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of car already. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34．Allen is believed (design) a new computer program at present, but we don’t know when she will
finish it.
35．He is thought (act) foolishly, which has caused him to lose his job. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
36．The English version of the novel is due to (publish) next year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37．It is a waste of time (wait) here. He won’t come today. （所给词的适当形式填空）
38． (lie)on the beach in summer can make you relaxed. （所给词的适当形式填空）
39．They didn’t anticipate (meet) so much trouble in the process. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．My teacher recommended (read) the book before seeing the movie. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41．Tom denied (persuade) Mary to predict that the future of AI careers was potential. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
42．The match was canceled because most of the members objected to (have) a match without a
standard court. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43．The children got down to (prepare) popcorn the instant they got they needed. (所给词
的适当形式填空)
44．Our comfort foods (vary) from person to person have shaped our lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．The book, (contain) valuable insights into modern art, is a must-read for students in the field. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
46． (not f ind) the missing boy, they had to stay there for another two weeks. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
47． (wait) in line for 2 hours, the angry man yelled at the counter agent. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
48．A smile shows you are attentive to the issued (discuss), while looking away with your arms folded
can indicate d is interest and create distrust or friction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49．When (equip) with new scientific farming methods, farmers can use less farmland to produce
more. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50．The committee (establish) last year holds a meeting every month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
二、语篇语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the wheel of time turns, traditional practices are witnessing a comeback. Gua sha, an ancient Chinese
healing technique, has been gaining 1 (popular) in recent years as a holistic approach to wellness and
beauty, because it offers various benefits to modern wellness seekers.On TikTok, a before-and-after video of gua sha has been viewed more than 11.8 million times. Meanwhile,
influencers have started to share their gua sha routines on some other media apps, attracting 2 (grow)
attention from global audiences. Moreover, western beauty stores and 3 (celebrity) have jumped at the
fashion and started favoring gua sha or selling its tools.
Factually, gua sha has been practiced in China since the Ming Dynasty and is known to have muscle pain
relieved 4 improve blood circulation. Originally, it 5 (use) on the body, like arms, legs, and
back. However, nowadays, it’s commonly used to improve the 6 (face) skin health. The practice is
performed using a smooth-edged tool to gently scrape (刮) areas of the body, 7 , according to
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), can encourage 8 healthy flow of energy and blood.
Gua sha, a TCM practice, also 9 (serve) as a cultural practice, now has 10
(incredible) found its way to the west due to its potential health benefits. Undoubtedly, promoting TCM practices
could be a much-needed opportunity for others to learn more about Chinese cultures.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, 492 caves in Mogao Grottoes have been placed 11 protection and are considered a cultural
treasure for the world. While Buddhism (佛教) is the main focus of the caves’ artwork, it also shows the cultures,
daily life and stories of people living in the area when the caves 12 (construct).
Works of art combining Chinese, Indian, and even European styles have been found there, along with
scriptures (经文) from 13 (variety) religions, official documents and popular literature. All of these
elements make the Grottoes a rich resource not just for researchers, 14 for anyone interested in history.
The artistic value of the Mogao Grottoes 15 (consist) of three elements: the architecture of the
caves themselves, the sculptures and the paintings. The caves come in several designs. Most are rectangular with a
small entry on the east side. The two 16 (common) types among all the caves are those with a niche(壁
龛) 17 (contain) sculptures on the west wall, and caves with a central column covered in sculptures.
Nearly always, the walls and ceilings are covered in paintings of important figures in Buddhism, financial 18
(contribute), Buddhist stories and scriptures, as well as 19 (decorate) art, Through the artwork, the
development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, 20
shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long
time, it was a place 21 lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi.
During the Ming Dynasty, Gu Xiancheng, a dismissed official 22 (return) to his hometown,
together with Gao PanIong and his younger brother Gu Yuncheng, raised money to restore the academy. The three
learned scholars called 23 (they) “Donglin People”. They were taken as examples by Chinese scholars
and 24 (influence) an enormous amount of people.
In 1902, it was changed into a public school, later called Donglin Primary School. In 2002, the Wuxi
government determined 25 (undertake) a comprehensive restoration of Donglin Academy. Following therestoration, main buildings now resemble their 26 (origin) appearance.
Donglin Academy of Classical Learning occupies an important position in China’s history, regardless of
politics, culture 27 education. Clean-handed Donglin scholars paid much attention to rigorous (严谨的)
study and righteous behaviours. They enthusiastically practiced, advocated and struggled 28 reform. All
their virtues composed a part of ancient Chinese essential cultural legacy (遗产).
The Donglin spirit of “studying to save the world” and “regarding world affairs as their own responsibilities”
29 (pass) down for over 400 years. It will 30 (continuous) educate and inspire people to work for
the social and civil progress.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to the word “hot”, it can describe someone’s sex appeal, the spiciness of food, and the heat of
the weather. Coincidentally, Chongqing, a city that blends modern skyscrapers with centuries-old traditions, is the
very city 31 has all three characteristics.
Let me start by talking about the weather. In summer, Chongqing can be 32 (extreme) hot and
humid. Temperatures often rise above 37 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), 33 (make) it feel like a
sauna. People try to stay cool by drinking cold drinks and enjoying the shade.
Next, Chongqing is known for its spicy food. One of the most popular 34 (dish) is hot pot. It consists
35 a boiling pot of spicy broth where people cook fresh ingredients like meat 36 vegetables. The
unique flavors and heat of the spices make every meal an adventure. Eating hot pot with friends is a fun experience,
and the warmth of the food 37 (match) the city’s spirit.
Last but not least, Chongqing features for its beautiful women, who often have a confident and 38
(charm) presence. The blend of beauty and personality adds to the lively atmosphere of the city. You can see many
39 (fashion) young women enjoying the streets and parks, making the city even more vibrant.
Chongqing’s hot weather, spicy food, and warm people create 40 unique and exciting
environment.
Chongqing is hot.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On February 20, leading Chinese e-commerce platform JD．com reported that sales of traditional Hanfu
clothing had surged over 300 percent year on year since January. This trend was mirrored on Taobao, 41
over the Double 11 shopping festival sales topped 730,000 units. Sales and search data signal a widespread and
growing 42 (fascinate) with traditional Chinese clothing styles.
The horse face skirt is a traditional Chinese skirt 43 (feature) a distinct pleated (有褶的) design. It
is 44 (occasional) referred to in a more generic sense as an apron. This type of skirt is 45 key
component of Hanfu, serving as a lower garment (衣服). It is 46 (celebrate) as one of the most
emblematic styles of ancient Chinese skirts, showcasing a rich cultural heritage through 47 (it) unique
appearance and historical significance.
Influencers and content creators play a significant role in promoting Hanfu and fostering a sense ofcommunity. To date, the horse face skirt on Douyin 48 (attract)more than 17.6 billion views across
related topics and short videos. Meanwhile, on Xiaohongshu, 49 (search) for the same term have resulted
in over 880,000 posts.
What the horse face skirt’s popularity reflects is the growing appetite for Hanfu-inspired designs as well
50 a deeper cultural revival for classical Chinese aesthetics.
