文档内容
Unit 3 Same or Different?语境学单词
Section A
词性及中文
单词及音标 核心考点 语境学用法
意思
老师让我们比较这两篇文章的异同。
v. 比较;对 compare...with...(与……比较) The teacher asks us to compare the two articles.
compare/kəmˈpeə(r)/
比 compare...to...(把……比作……) 诗人把孩子的眼睛比作星星。
The poet compares children’s eyes to stars.
她在陌生人面前总是很害羞。
be shy of doing sth.(做某事害羞) She is always shy in front of strangers.
shy/ʃaɪ/ adj. 害羞的
反义词:outgoing(外向的) 别害羞,大胆说出你的想法!
Don’t be shy—speak out your ideas!
他懒得连书都不想读。
比较级:lazier;最高级:laziest He is too lazy to read books.
adj. 懒惰的;
lazy/ˈleɪzi/
懒洋洋的 be lazy about sth.(对某事偷懒) 猫咪在沙发上懒洋洋地晒太阳。
The cat is lying lazy in the sun on the sofa.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司她大声朗读课文,声音清晰。
adv. 响亮地 副词修饰动词,形容词修饰名词 She reads the text aloud (loudly).
loud/laʊd/
adj. 大声的 近义词:noisy(吵闹的) 公共场所不要大声喧哗。
Don’t make loud noises in public places.
我的同桌很外向,朋友很多。
反义词:shy(害羞的)
My deskmate is outgoing and has many friends.
outgoing/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的
an outgoing girl(一个外向的女
外向的人更容易适应新环境。
孩)
Outgoing people adapt to new environments more easily.
他每天学习到深夜,非常勤奋。
He studies late into the night and is very hard-working.
hard-working/ˈhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 反义词:lazy(懒惰的)
勤奋的学生更容易取得好成绩。
Hard-working students are more likely to get good grades.
乐队在晚会上表演了一首流行歌曲。
v. 表演;执 perform a task ( 执 行 任 务 ) The band performed a pop song at the party.
perform/pəˈfɔːm/
行 perform on stage(登台表演) 机器人能精准执行复杂的指令。
Robots can perform complex instructions accurately.
我们需要找到办法解决这个难题。
名词:solution(解决方案)
v. 解决;解
solve/sɒlv/ We need to find ways to solve this difficult problem.
答
solve a problem(解决问题)
数学老师教会我们用公式解答应用题。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司The math teacher teaches us to solve word problems with
formulas.
她从小学习长笛,现在已经八级了。
She has learned to play the flute since childhood and is now at
乐器类名词,前加定冠词the
flute/fluːt/ n. 长笛 grade 8.
play the flute(吹长笛)
长笛的声音清脆悦耳,深受大家喜爱。
The clear and sweet sound of the flute is loved by many.
恭喜你在比赛中获得冠军!
常用复数形式congratulations Congratulations on winning the championship in the competition!
n. 祝贺;恭
congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/
喜 核心句型:Congratulations (on ...)! 我们向她送去了诚挚的祝贺。
We sent her sincere congratulations.
他凭借优秀的作品获得了一等奖。
win a prize(获奖) He won the first prize with his excellent work.
prize/praɪz/ n. 奖;奖励
prize money(奖金) 这个奖项是对他努力的肯定。
This prize is an affirmation of his efforts.
我们全班同学都参加了毕业典礼。
v. 参加;出 近义词:take part in(参加活动) All my classmates attended the graduation ceremony.
attend/əˈtend/
席 attend school(上学) 他因生病未能出席昨天的会议。
He failed to attend yesterday’s meeting due to illness.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司她和她姐姐一样高。
同级比较结构,中间用形容词/副
She is as tall as her sister.
as...as... 像……一样 词原级否定形式:not as...as...(不
这个问题不如那个问题难。
如……)
This problem is not as difficult as that one.
除了英语,她还会说法语。
prep. 除…… 区别:besides(除……外还有)vs.
Besides English, she can also speak French.
besides/bɪˈsaɪdz/ 外(还)adv. except(除……外没有)adv. 用于补
今天天气很好,而且我们没有课。
而且 充说明
The weather is fine today, besides, we have no classes.
他在空闲时间喜欢阅读和画画。
adj. 空闲的;
spare time(空闲时间) He likes reading and painting in his spare time.
spare/speə(r)/ 备用的v. 抽
spare no effort(不遗余力) 请抽出几分钟时间填写这份问卷。
出;拨出
Please spare a few minutes to fill out this questionnaire.
能帮助你是我的荣幸。
常用句型:It’s a pleasure to do sth.
n. 乐事;愉 It’s a pleasure to help you.
(做某事是荣幸)
pleasure/ˈpleʒə(r)/
快;荣幸
旅行带给我们很多快乐和美好的回忆。Travel brings us a lot of
派生词:pleasant(adj. 宜人的)
pleasure and good memories.
尽管他们年龄不同,却有很多共同爱好。
固定短语,后接名词/代词
have sth in common 有共同之处 Although they are of different ages, they have a lot in common.
反义词:have nothing in common
(无共同之处) 这两部电影在主题上有共同之处。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司The two movies have something in common in theme.
她的外表看起来很严肃,但内心很热情。
Her appearance looks serious, but she is warm-hearted inside.
n. 外表;露
appearance/əˈpærəns/ judge by appearance(以貌取人)
面 他的突然露面让所有人都很惊讶。
His sudden appearance surprised everyone.
她的性格开朗,总是充满活力。
She has a cheerful personality and is always full of energy.
形容词:personal(个人的)
n. 性格;品
personality/ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ 性格相似的人更容易成为朋友。
质
a strong personality(个性鲜明)
People with similar personalities are more likely to become
friends.
老师严肃地告诉我们要遵守规则。
比较级:more serious;
The teacher seriously told us to follow the rules.
adj. 严肃的;
serious/ˈsɪəriəs/ 最高级:most serious
严重的 环境污染是一个严重的全球性问题。
be serious about(认真对待)
Environmental pollution is a serious global problem.
团队合作是我们最大的优势。
反 义 词 : weakness ( 弱 点 )
Teamwork is our greatest strength.
n. 优势;力
strength/streŋθ/ strengths and weaknesses(优缺
量 每个人都有自己的优点和不足。
点)
Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses.
fact/fækt/ n. 事实;现 in fact(事实上) 事实上,他并没有真正理解这个问题。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司In fact, he didn’t really understand the problem.
实
我们应该根据事实做出判断。
We should make judgments based on facts.
她通过锻炼和健康饮食保持苗条身材。
比较级:slimmer;
She keeps a slim figure through exercise and a healthy diet.
adj. 苗条的;
slim/slɪm/ 最高级:slimmest
薄的 这本字典很薄,方便携带。
近义词:thin(瘦的)
This dictionary is slim and easy to carry.
中国的人口约为14亿。
核心用法:the population of...(……
The population of China is about 1.4 billion.
的人口)
population/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口
这个城市的人口在过去十年增长了20%。
提问用what,不用how many
The city’s population has increased by 20% in the past decade.
学校离我家大约3公里。
全称:kilometre/kilometer The school is about 3 km away from my home.
n. 千米;公
km/ˈkɪləmiːtər/
里
5 km away(5公里远) 马拉松比赛全长约42.195公里。
The marathon is about 42.195 kilometres long.
on average(平均而言) 这里的平均气温在20摄氏度左右。
adj. 平均的;
average/ˈævərɪdʒ/
平常的
average score(平均分) The average temperature here is about 20 degrees Celsius.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司他的平均分在班级里名列前茅。
His average score is among the top in the class.
南方的降雨量通常比北方多。
不可数名词,常与 high/low 搭配
The rainfall in the south is usually higher than that in the north.
rainfall/ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量 搭配:annual rainfall(年降雨
今年的降雨量不足,导致农作物减产。
量)
This year’s low rainfall has led to a reduction in crop yields.
这个项目每人需要提交一份报告。
表示“每……”,后接单数名词
Each person needs to submit a report per project.
per /pə(r)/ prep. 每 搭 配 : per day ( 每 天 ) /per
汽车限速为每小时60公里。
person(每人)
The speed limit is 60 km per hour.
这张纸的厚度约为0.1毫米。
全称:millimetre/millimeter 常用 The thickness of this paper is about 0.1 millimeters.
mm/ˈmɪlɪmiːtər/ n. 毫米
作单位:10 mm=1 cm 降雨量以毫米为单位测量。
Rainfall is measured in millimeters.
春天的天气温暖宜人,适合出游。
adj. 宜人的; 近义词:pleasing(令人愉快的) The weather in spring is warm and pleasant, suitable for outings.
pleasant/ˈpleznt/
友好的 pleasant weather(宜人的天气) 她总是带着友好的微笑,让人感觉很亲切。
She always wears a pleasant smile, making people feel warm.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司学科网(北京)股份有限公司Section B
词性及中文
单词及音标 核心考点 语境学用法
意思
这对双胞胎姐妹长得非常相像。
adj. 相像的 形容词作表语,不用作定语 The twin sisters look very alike.
alike/əˈlaɪk/
adv. 相似地 look alike(看起来相像) 他们的想法相似,很快达成了共识。
Their ideas are alike, and they reached a consensus quickly.
她对着镜子整理头发。
She tidies her hair in front of the mirror.生活就像一面镜子,
mirror/ˈmɪrə(r)/ n. 镜子 look in the mirror(照镜子)
你对它微笑,它也会对你微笑。
Life is like a mirror; smile at it, and it will smile back.
他对科学有着浓厚的兴趣。
show interest in(对……表现出
n. 业余爱
兴趣) He has a strong interest in science.
interest/ˈɪntrəst/ 好;兴趣v.
派生词:interested(adj. 感兴 这个故事的情节很有趣,吸引了很多读者。
使感兴趣
趣的)
The plot of the story interests many readers.
她最喜欢的小说是《傲慢与偏见》。
近义词:fiction(虚构小说)
novel/ˈnɒvl/ n. 小说
read a novel(读小说) Her favorite novel is Pride and Prejudice.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司这部小说以19世纪的英国为背景。
This novel is set in 19th-century England.
城乡之间的差异正在逐渐缩小。
The difference between urban and rural areas is gradually
形容词:different(不同的)
difference/ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 差异 narrowing.
make a difference(有影响)
一点点的努力也能带来很大的不同。
A little effort can make a big difference.
他的幽默感让课堂充满欢乐。
sense of humor ( 幽 默 感 )
His sense of humor fills the classroom with joy.
n. 理解力;
sense/sens/ sense of responsibility(责任
感觉 我们应该培养自己的环保意识。
感)
We should develop our sense of environmental protection.
她的演讲充满幽默,深受听众喜爱。
美式拼写:humor
Her speech is full of humour and loved by the audience.
n. 幽默;幽
humour/ˈhjuːmə(r)/
默感 have a sense of humour(有幽 幽默是缓解压力的好方法。
默感)
Humour is a good way to relieve stress.
多亏了老师的帮助,我通过了考试。
后接名词/动名词,表原因 Thanks to the teacher’s help, I passed the exam.
归功于;由
thanks to
于;因为
近义词:because of(因为) 由于天气恶劣,比赛不得不推迟。
Thanks to the bad weather, the game had to be postponed.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司她每天花更少的时间玩游戏,更多时间学习。
adj. 较少的;
She spends less time playing games and more time studying
less/les/ 更少的adv. 比较级:less(更少)vs. more every day.
较少地;更 (更多)less than(少于)
这个盒子里的糖果比那个盒子里的少。
少地
There are less candies in this box than in that one.
他是个坦率的人,总是直言不讳。
近义词:direct(直接的)
straightforward/ˌstreɪt adj. 坦率的; He is a straightforward person and always speaks his mind.
ˈfɔːwəd/ 简单的 反义词:complicated(复杂 这个问题的解决方法简单直接。
的)
The solution to this problem is straightforward.
在我看来,阅读是最好的学习方式。
n. 看法;意 in one’s opinion(在某人看来) In my opinion, reading is the best way to learn.
opinion/əˈpɪnjən/
见 近义词:view(观点) 我们应该尊重每个人的意见。
We should respect everyone’s opinion.
每个人都会犯错,重要的是学会改正。
Everyone makes mistakes, and the key is to learn to correct
复 数 形 式 : make mistakes
make a mistake 犯错误 them.
correct a mistake(纠正错误)
他在计算中犯了一个低级错误。
He made a simple mistake in the calculation.
honest/ˈɒnɪst/ 我们应该诚实对待自己的错误。
adj. 坦诚的; 反义词:dishonest(不诚实
学科网(北京)股份有限公司的) We should be honest about our mistakes.
诚实的 他是一个诚实可靠的朋友。
be honest with sb.(对某人坦
诚)
He is an honest and reliable friend.
她说话很直接,从不拐弯抹角。
副词:directly(直接地) She speaks directly and never beats around the bush.
adj. 率直的;
direct/dɪˈrekt; daɪˈrekt/
直接的 direct speech(直接引语) 这是通往机场的直达列车。
This is a direct train to the airport.
这两个地区在文化上有很多相似之处。
There are many similarities in culture between the two
复数:similarities 反义词: regions.
similarity/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n. 相似之处
difference(差异) 尽管语言不同,人类的情感有很多相似点。
Despite different languages, human emotions have many
similarities.
他们的友谊已经持续了二十年。
不可数名词,可加不定冠词
Their friendship has lasted for twenty years.
n. 友谊;友 表“一段友谊”
friendship/ˈfrendʃɪp/
情 共同的爱好是建立友谊的基础。
build friendship(建立友谊)
Shared hobbies are the foundation of building friendship.
美式拼写:meter 游泳池的深度是2米。
metre/ˈmiːtər/ n. 米
100 metres(100米) The depth of the swimming pool is 2 metres.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司他在100米赛跑中打破了学校纪录。
He broke the school record in the 100-metre race.
童话故事里的王子总是勇敢而善良。
对应词:princess(公主) The prince in fairy tales is always brave and kind.
prince/prɪns/ n. 王子
prince charming(白马王子) 他梦想成为一名拯救世界的王子。
He dreams of being a prince who saves the world.
这部小说的人物形象非常鲜明。
常见搭配:main character(主
角) The characters in this novel are very vivid.
n. 人物;个
character/ˈkærəktə(r)/
性 派生词:characteristic(n. 特 他的个性坚韧,面对困难从不退缩。
征)
His character is tough, and he never shrinks from difficulties.
故事讲述了一个王子和贫儿互换身份的经历。
反义词:prince(王子)
The story tells of a prince and a pauper who swap identities.
n. 贫民;乞
pauper/ˈpɔːpə(r)/
丐 prince and pauper(王子与贫 即使身为贫民,他依然保持乐观的心态。
儿)
Even as a pauper, he still keeps an optimistic attitude.
我们在班会课上交换了学习经验。
exchange student(交换生) We exchanged learning experiences in the class meeting.
exchange/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v.&n. 交换
exchange ideas(交换想法) 他作为交换生去美国学习了一年。
He studied in the US as an exchange student for a year.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司昨天的交通事故导致两人受伤。
Yesterday’s traffic accident caused two people to be injured.
n. 意外; by accident(偶然)
accident/ˈæksɪdənt/ (交通)事 我偶然在书店遇到了多年未见的朋友。
故 traffic accident(交通事故)
I met a friend I hadn’t seen for years by accident in the
bookstore.
我们期待着暑假的到来。
expect to do sth.(期待做某
事) We are expecting the arrival of the summer vacation.
v. 预料;期
expect /ɪkˈspekt/
待 expect sb. to do sth.(期望某人 父母期望我考上理想的高中。
做某事)
My parents expect me to enter my ideal high school.
月亮在夜空中闪烁着银色的光芒。
silver lining(一线光明) The moon shines with a silver light in the night sky.
adj. 银色的n.
silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/
银 silver medal(银牌) 即使在困境中,也要看到一线希望。
Even in difficulties, look for a silver lining.
我们需要根据实际情况制定计划。
in a difficult situation(处于困
We need to make plans according to the actual situation.
n. 情况;状
境)
situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/
况 面对紧急情况,保持冷静是关键。
近义词:condition(状况)
Staying calm is key when facing an emergency situation.
父母总是关心我们的健康和学习。
后接名词/动名词
care about 关心;担心
Parents always care about our health and study.
近义词:be concerned about
学科网(北京)股份有限公司他从不关心别人的看法,只做自己认为对的事。
(关心) He never cares about others’ opinions and only does what he
thinks is right.
他伸手去拿书架上的书。
He reached for the book on the bookshelf.
reach for(伸手触碰)
v. 伸手;达
reach /riːtʃ/ 我们的目标是在月底前完成项目。
到
reach a goal(达成目标)
Our goal is to reach the completion of the project by the end of
the month.
她的故事深深触动了在场的每一个人。
Her story touched everyone present deeply.
v. 触动;触 感官动词:touch + 形容词(摸
touch /tʌtʃ/
碰 起来……) 这种布料摸起来很柔软。
This fabric touches soft.
当朋友遇到困难时,我们应该伸出援手。
同义短语:give (sb) a hand
We should lend a hand when friends are in trouble.
帮助(某
lend (sb) a hand
人) lend a hand with sth.(帮忙做某
请帮我搬一下这个箱子,它太重了。
事)
Please lend me a hand with this box—it’s too heavy.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司