新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Unit 3 Same or Different
Section A How do we understand differences ?
一．重点词汇梳理
1. /ə'lark/adj.相像的adv.相似地 2. /'mirə(r)/n. 镜子
3. /'intrəst/n.业余爱好；兴趣 4. /'npvl/n. 小说
5. /'dfrəns/n.差异 6. /sens/n.理 解
7. 'hju:mə(r)/(=humor)n. 幽默
8 . /les/adj.较少的；更少的 adv.较少地；更少 地 pron. 较少；更少
9. /strert'fo:wəd/adj. 坦率的；简单的 10. /ə'pinjon/n.看法；意
见
11 /'pnist/adj.坦诚的；诚实的 12. /də'rekt,dar'rekt/adj. 率直的；直接
的
13. /,simə'lerəti/n.相似之处 14 . /'frendJip/n.友谊；友情
15. /'mi:tə(r)(=meter)n. 米 16. /prins/n. 王子
17 . /'kæerəkta(r)/n.人物；个性 18. /'pɔ:pe(r)/n.贫民；乞丐
19. /iks'tfeɪndʒ/v.&n.交换 20. /'æksidənt/n. 意外；(交通)事故
21. /Tk'spekt/v.预料；期待 22. /'silvə(r)/adj.银色的 n. 银
23. /,sitfu'erjn/n. 情况；状况 24 /ri:tʃ/v.伸手；达到
25 /tɔ:tʃ/n.烛 ； 电 筒
二．重点词汇变形
1. interest n./v.兴趣；对...感兴趣→ (adj.感兴趣的)→ (adj.有趣的)
2novel n.小说→ (复数)→ (n.小说家)
3. difference n.不同点→ (复数)→ (adj.)不同的
4. sense n.理解力；感觉→ (复数)→ (adj.明智的)
5. humour/humor n.幽默；幽默感→ (adj.幽默的)
6. straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的→ (比较级)→ (最高级)
7. honest adj.诚实的→ (比较级)→ (最高级)→ (n.诚实);→ (反
1新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
义词)
8. direct adj.直接的→ (n.导演/主管)→ (adv.)→ (反义词，简接的)
9. similarity n.相似之处→ 复数)→ (adj.)→ (adv.相似地)
10. friendship n.友谊→ (复数)→ (n.朋友)→ (adj.友好的)
11. exchange v./n.交换→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ (复数)
12. accident n.意外→ (复数)→ (adv.偶然地)
1 3. expect v.预料；期待 → (n.期待)→ (反义词，想不到的)
三．重点短语通关
1. 尊重彼此的不同 2. 有点，稍
微
3. 有很强的幽默感 4. 归功于；由于；因
为
5. 犯错误 6. 和过去不同
7. 鼓励某人做某事 8. 害怕
9 . 吹中国长笛 10. 赢得一等
奖
11. . 很高兴做某事 12. . 很高兴做某事
13. 从我家里到学校 14. 意外地；偶
然
15 . . 学习做某事 16. . 尽力做某事；努力做
某事
17. 和…相似 18. 一线光明
19 . 伸手触碰 20. .乐于做某事；准备好做某
事
21. 搭把手；帮助某人 和兴趣 22 . 作比较
23. 因为 24. 从….受益
25. 变得更好
四．课文重点知识及语法梳理
Section B课文重现
Tom 5 hours ago
Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think
2新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
that friends should be different. What do you think?Should friends be similar or different?
Matt 4 hours ago
I think a good friend is like a mirror. You can understand people by knowing their friends. My friend, Stephen, is a great
example. We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests. For example, we both love sports.
He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. Because of that,I try harder when I practise, and
now I'm getting better at badminton. Stephen and l are similar in other ways. He is as serious as me. When we aren't
playing sports, we enjoy reading together. I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels.We often
share interesting books with each other.
Diana 3 hours ago
I don't agree. For me, friends who are different make me better. I think
we should respect each other's differences and learn from each other. For
example, I am kind of shy, but my best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing. She
has a great sense of humour too. Thanks to her,I am becoming more
outgoing. Now I think meeting new people is really fun!
I have another friend, Zhang Yong. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a
mistake. I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend.
【考点1.】We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests.我们经常一起出去闲
逛，因为我们有相似的爱好和兴趣。
【用法详解】①interest作名词，意为“兴趣、爱好”。
相关搭配: = 对...... 感兴趣 失去兴趣。
Eg.She shows great interest in music .她对音乐很感兴趣。
②interest作动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常为事物。
相关搭配: .使某人感兴趣。
Eg.The story interests children.这个故事让孩子们感兴趣。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.His main __ __ are reading and playing chess.
A.interested B.interesting C.interests
（ ）2.The new movie didn't_____me at all.
A. interesting B.interest C.interested
（ ）3.Are you_____in learning a new language?
A. interested B.interesting C.interest
3新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
【考点2.】For example, we both love sports.比如，我们都喜欢运动。
【用法详解】①both作形容词，置于被修饰的名词前。
Eg.Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. 看街道两边的树。
②both作代词，可单独使用，也可用于both...of...结构。用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg.—Which one do you want? 你想要哪一个?—I’ll take both. 我两个都要。
Eg.Both of them are super stars.他们两个都是明星。
相关拓展：不定代词both,neither,all,none与either的用法
不定代词 含义 固定搭配 例句
both 两者都 both...and... Both Tom and Mary are teachers.
…和…都 汤姆和玛丽都是老师
neither 两者都不 neither...nor... Neither you nor I am good at math.
既不…也不… 我们俩都不擅长数学。
all 三者或三者以上都 无 All of us are from China.
我们都来自中国。
none 三者或三者以上都 无 I like none of the books.
不 这些书我都不喜欢。
either 两者之一 either...or... Either you or he is right.
要么…要么… 不是你对，就是他对。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.—What would you like, ice-cream or apple juice?
— .One for my sister and the other for myself.
A.Neither B. All C. None D. Both
（ ）2. my father ________ my mother look after me. I love them so much.
A.Either;or B.Both;with C.Not only;but also D.Both;and
（ ）3.Tara and her sister _ _ quiet and they_____ sports.
A.are both , both like B.are both, like both
C.both are , both like D.both are, like both
【考点3.】Stephen and l are similar in other ways.史蒂芬和我在另一种程度上来说是相似的。
【用法详解】1.other表示泛指，意为“其余的；另外的”，常与可数名词复数连用。
Eg.Some students are reading and other students are writing. 一些学生在阅读，另一些学生在写字。
相关拓展：other, the other, others, the others与another的用法区别：
①the other表示特指，指两者中的另一个
4新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Eg.I have two handbags. One is LV, and the other is LV too.我有两个包，一个是LV,另一个还是LV。
②the others 表示特指，指一定范围内除去某些后剩下的全部，相当于“the
other+可数名词复数”
Eg.Some students in my class are reading and others are writing. 我们班里一些学生在阅
读，另一些学生在写字。
③others表示泛指，意为“其他的；其他人”，指除去某些后剩下的一部分，相当于
“other+可数名词复数”
Eg.Some students are reading and others are writing. 一些学生在阅读，另一些学生在写字。
④another表示泛指，指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”，其后可以接可数名词单数；也可用作代词
Eg.This glass is broken. Please give me another one. 这个玻璃杯破了,请再给我一个。
2.way 作名词，意为“道路；方法”。in other ways 意为“从另一些程度上”。
相关搭配：
① 挡道,妨碍
Eg.Tell the boy not to stand in the way.叫那个男孩别挡道碍事。
② 在...路上
Eg.Yesterday,I met Tom on the way to school.昨天,我在去学校的路上遇到了汤
姆。
③ 顺便说,顺便问一下
Eg.By the way,do you know where the post office is?顺便问一下，你知道邮局在哪儿吗?
④ 用这种方法;这样:因此
Eg.Only in this way can we win the game.只有这样我们才能获胜.
⑤ 从某种程度上看,从某种意义上来说
Eg.I like Tom in a way, but he is very proud.在一定程度上,我喜欢汤姆,可是他很骄傲.
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom?
—Oh, one is under the bed, ________ is behind the door.
A.the other B.others C.another D.other
（ ）2.—How many can I have?
—You can have two, ________ are for your sister.
A. the others B. others C. the other D. another
5新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
【考点4.】I think we should respect each other's differences and learn from each other.我认为我们应该尊
重彼此的差异和意见，并向对方学习。
【用法详解】differences作名词，指人或事物之间的“不同、差异”，可作可数或
不可数名词。
① 有影响、起作用
Eg.Her determination really makes a difference in her grades.她努力学习确实对她
的成绩产生了影响。
②difference between A and B:A与B的差异
Eg.There is a significant difference between a big city and a small town.在大城市
工作和小城镇之间有显著的差异。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.Can you tell the____between these two pictures?
A.same B.difference C.similar
（ ）2.Eating healthily can____to your life.
A. make a difference B.make sense C.make sure
（ ）3.There are many_____in customs between countries.
A. differences B.difficulties C. problems
【考点5.】She has a great sense of humour too.她也有非常强烈的幽默感。
【用法详解】①sense作名词，意为“感觉”，多指(生理或心理感知)、感官功能(视觉、听觉等) 。
Eg;Dogs have a strong sense of smell.狗崽崽有敏锐的嗅觉。
②sense作名词，意为“理解力;判断力”。 幽默感/方向感
Eg;She has a great sense of humor.她很有幽默感。
③sense作名词，意为“意义；道理”。
有意义;讲得通
Eg;His explanation doesn't make sense.他的解释说不通。
there's no sense in doing sth 做某事没有意义
Eg;There's no sense in arguing with him.和他争论没有意义。
牛
刀小试
1.He felt deep (满足感) and when he helped the old.
( )2. She has a good of fashion.
6新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
A.sense B.feeling C.idea
【考点6.】Thanks to her,I am becoming more outgoing.多亏了她，我变得更外向了。
【用法详解】thanks to意为“归功于;由于;因为”后接名词或短语，表示原因。
Eg;Thanks to your help, we succeeded.多亏了你的帮助，我们成功了。
相关拓展： = 感谢某人做某事
牛
刀小试
（ ）1. the heavy rain, the game was canceled.
A.Thanks to B.Because C.Thanks for D.but
（ ）2. __ __ your advice, I avoided a big mistake.
A.Thanks to B.Because C.Although
【考点7.】he also realized that people' s lives were much harder than he expected.他也意识到，人们的生活比他
预期的更好了。
【用法详解】expect 作动词，表示“预料某事会发生”或“期待某人做某
事”。
相关搭配：① .期待做某事
Eg;I expect to make a progress in my math.我期待我的数学能取得进步。
②expect sb. to do sth.:期望某人做某事
Eg;My parents expect me to study hard.我的父母期望我努力学习。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.I expect the work by Friday.
A. finish B.finishing C. to finish D.finishes
（ ）2.Don't expect him immediately. He needs time.
A. to agree B.agreeing C. agrees D.agree
课
堂测试
一、单项选择
（ ）1.—Our team___ ___the match. We've got the first place!
—Well done! Congratulations!
A.hit B.beat C.won D.watched
（ ）2.—Which subject do you like better, math or English?
7新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
—____ _____. I think math is as interesting as English.
A.Neither B.Both C.All D.None
（ ）3.My sister never eats junk food, ?
A.is she B.does she C.isn’t she D.doesn’t she
（ ）4.My sister Jenny is ___ _ ____ outgoing girl. She loves to make friends.
A.a B.an C.the D./
（ ）5.—I am worrying about our final exam these days.
—There is nothing to worry about you work hard.
A.until B.so that C.as far as D.as long as
（ ）6.—Can I help you?
—Please give me about the trains to Daqing.
A.a few information B. a little informations C.a little information D. a few informations
（ ）7.My way to work out the problem is the same Jack’s but different Mary’s.
A.as; as B.from; from C.as; from D.from; as
（ ）8.She is famous musician and she is talented music.
A.for B. with C.of D.in
（ ）9.—When will Mr.Green Beijing?
—In a week.
A.reach B.get C.arrive at D. come
（ ）10.Jim is good at telling stories. He always makes us __ ____ when he tells us stories.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughs D.laughing
（ ）11.No one in our class can run as as Tim.
A.more quickly B.quicklier C.quickly D.most quickly
（ ）12.—Are you relaxing yourself here?
—Yes. It is ___ ___ to walk slowly along the river.
A.fantastic B.boring C.bad D.terrible
（ ）13.—It’s Father’s Day, __ ____?
—Yes. Let’s buy a gift for Dad. He works very hard for us.
A.isn’t it B.doesn’t it C.isn’t he D.doesn’t he
（ ）14.—Do you know about his new idea?
—Yes, I do. It's similar mine.
A.with B.from C.to D.of
（ ）15.The movie,one and only(《热烈》) is inspiring . Sean _____I want to watch it.
8新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Either; and
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Colors can change our moods(情绪) and make us (feel) happy or sad.
2. It's necessary for us (save) our environment.
3. The Shanghai Jing’an team (win) the men’s U18 soccer gold medal in the first National Youth Games
on August 26, 2015.
4. I think Sally did as _(better) as Lucy in the math competition.
5. Kate’s schoolbag is newer than (my).
6. My best friend Jimmy enjoys (listen) to music.
7. Lang Lang is a great pianist and he is (talent) in music.
8. Can you tell us some (information) about the vacation plan?
9. Work hard, and you can get good (grade) in the exams.
10. Speak (clear) so that others can understand you well.
三、汉译英：单词/短语/句子
1.莉莉和我姐姐都会弹钢琴。
Lily my sister can play the piano.
2.只要你能取得好成绩，我就会高兴。
__ ___ __ __ __ ___you can get good grades, I'll be happy.
3.我喜欢我的英语老师，因为他帮助我展现最好的自我。
I like my English teacher, because he helps to the best in me.
4.事实上，我应该是一名好的听众。
_ __ , I should be a good listener.
5.我不关心价格，只要车的状况好就行了。
I don't the price, as long as the car is in good condition.
6.徐磊跟我很像。我们都很结实，并且我们都喜欢足球。
Xu Lei me. We are both strong and we both like soccer.
7.那便是我喜欢英语而且在课上学习更加努力的原因。
That's I like English and I study in class
8.我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一样或与我不同。
I don't really care about if my friends are as me or different.
9.我认为朋友应该彼此不同。
I think friends should each other.
9新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
10.我的好朋友总是能取得比我好的成绩。
My best friend always than I do.
四、阅读理解
A
We know health is important in everyone's life.Here are some ways to make them easy to get.
★Eat a balanced diet．Eat a lot of fruit and vegetables，some grains(谷物) and a little meat.
★Exercise twice or three times a week.
★Get enough sleep.It is best to get eight hours' sleep a day.
★Keep yourself busy.This is good because it stops you from having bad habits.To keep yourself busy，you can walk
around the house，spend time with your pet，do sports，or have a hobby.
★Go out and make friends.Spend time and have fun with them.Talk with them，but try not to talk about anything
bad.You should stay with the people who are healthy.
（ ）1.How often should you exercise if you want to get health?
A.Every day. B.Twice a day. C.Three times a month. D.Twice or three times a week.
（ ）2. How many hours do you need to sleep every day?
A. Seven. B. Eight. C. Nine. D.Ten.
（ ）3. The underlined word “it” refers to(指的是) ________.
A.eating a balanced diet B.exercising more C. keeping yourself busy D. making friends
（ ）4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A.We can eat a lot of meat to keep healthy. B.We need to exercise.
C. It's good to make some friends. D.We can spend our free time doing sports.
（ ）5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. Eating habit B. Playing sports C. Making friends D. How to get health
B
Uncle Sam
Do your children enjoy interesting stories, funny games and exciting dances? Uncle Sam will be read to
teach children of all ages all these things at the City. Theatre on Saturday morning at 10:00. Free.
Walking Tour
Forget your worries on Saturday morning. Take a beautiful walk and learn about local history. Meet at
the front entrance of City Hall at 9:30. Wear comfortable shoes!
Movie Time
Two films will be shown on Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre. See March of the Penguins at
1:30. Kung Fu Panda will be at 3:45. For further information, call 4987898.
10新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
International Picnic
Are you tired of eating the same food every day? Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from
all over the world. Delicious and not expensive. Noon to 5:00 p.m.
Take Me Out to the Ballgame
It's October, and this Saturday night is your last chance to see the Redbirds this year. Get your tickets at
the gate. It might be cold. Don't forget sweaters and jackets.
Do You Want to Hear The Zoo?
The Zoo, a popular rock group from Australia, will give their first US concert this Saturday night at 8:00
at Rose Hall, City College.
( )1．You probably eat Chinese, Italian and Indian food at _______.
A．City Hall B．Central Park C．the City Theatre
( )2．We can see movies at _______.
A．10:00 a.m.B．9:30 a.m. C．3:45 p.m.
( )3．The Zoo here is a ________.
A．Music group B．US concert C．Popular park
( )4．From the passage, we can know_________.
A．if you are 8 years old, you have to pay to learn exciting dances
B．you can learn local history on a walking tour on Sunday morning
C．The Redbirds' last match this year will be held outside
( )5．The passage is mainly about_________.
A．city news B．weekend activities C．music week
C
Mrs. White was very fat. She weighed(体重) 100 kilos, so she went to see a doctor. The doctor said, “You need a
diet (节食),Mrs. White, and I have a good way here.” He gave Mrs. White a small book and said, “Read this carefully
and eat the things on page(页) 11 every day. Then come back and see me in two weeks.”
Mrs. White came again two weeks later, but she wasn’t thinner. She was fatter than before. The doctor was surprised and
asked, “Are you eating the things on page 11 of the small book?” “Yes, doctor.” she answered.
The next day the doctor visited Mrs. White during her dinner. He was very surprised at what he saw. “Mrs. White，”
he said, “why are you eating potatoes and bread? They aren’t in your diet. ”“Doctor，”Mrs. White answered, “I
follow(遵从) my diet at lunchtime. But this is my dinner.”
( )1．Mrs. White went to see a doctor because ______________.
A．she had a bad cold
B．she felt terrible
11新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
C．the doctor was her friend
D．she wanted to be thinner
( )2．The doctor asked her to ______________.
A．eat more food B．eat less food C．eat nothing D．eat healthy food
( )3．Two weeks later，Mrs. White became ______________.
A．fatterB．thinner C．healthier D．stronger
( )4．The doctor was surprised when he visited Mrs. White during her dinner. Because______________.
A．she eat nothing. B．she was eating meat.
C．she was eating potatoes and bread. D．she wasn’t in.
( )5．“I follow my diet at lunchtime. But this is my dinner.” means ______________.
A．She always followed the diet.
B．She didn’t follow the diet.
C．She didn’t like the diet
D．She only followed the diet at lunchtime, and she didn’t follow the diet at dinner.
D
A boy who was cleaning shoes in the street said to a young man passing by(路过的), “Let me clean your shoes.”
The young man said, “No, thank you.” “You may pay me only a pound(英镑), sir.” said the boy. But the young man
refused(拒绝)again. Then the boy told him that he would clean his shoes for nothing. The young man agreed(同意) to
this, and soon one of his shoes was shining brightly(闪闪发亮). The man put the other shoe on the boy, but the boy
refused to clean it unless he was paid(被付给)two pounds for his work. The young man refused to pay anything and went
away. But the dirty one looked so bad that he couldn’t walk away. He had to turn back (转身)and gave the boy two
pounds. In a very short time his shoes shone brightly.
( )1．The boy was a shoes ____.
A．cleaner B．maker C．repairer D．seller
( )2．At first the young man refused to clean his shoes, because ____.
A．he couldn’t payB．he had not enough money
C．he didn't think it necessary D．he had just cleaned his shoes
( )3．Then the young man agreed to clean his shoes, because the boy asked for ____.
A．two pounds B．one poundC．nothing D．few money
( )4．The boy refused to clean the second shoe, because ____.
A．it was very dirty B．the young man paid only one pound
C．it was difficult to clean D．he asked to be paid two pounds
12新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
( )5．The boy said he would clean the young man’s shoes for nothing just in order to(为了)_____
A．show his kindness B．help the young man
C．get more money from him D．let everyone see
五、阅读填表
阅读短文，根据短文内容，在表格中填入相应信息. (每空不超过三个单词，共5小题，每小题2分)
What are you going to be when you grow up? I have a few friends .They have different answers about this question. My
partner, Mary, is good at writing. She keeps writing every day .She wants to write for TV or newspapers. My
friend ,Tom, admires Michael Jordan very much . He practices playing basketball every day. He wants to be another
Michael Jordan. Mike wants to be an actor, he can’t afford so much money to take acting lessons, he has to learn acting
lessons by himself. Robert can sing very well, and he is taking the piano lessons at school. He hopes to teach students
music. Alice wants to be a computer programmer. She’s going to study computer science.
Name What does he / she want to be How is he / she going to do that
Mary 56． keep writing
Tom basketball player 57．
Mike 58． learn acting lessons
59． teacher take piano lessons
Alice computer programmer 60．
六、补全对话7选5情景交际。
A: Hello, Mr. Wang
B: Hello, Mr Wilson
A: 61．
B:Yes. Our lives are getting better and better , Mr Wilson , 62．
A: Three days.
B: 63．
A: Very good .It's beautiful and quiet .
B: It seems that you know our city . Have you ever been here before ?
A: Yes, 64．
B: Then this time you are here for?
A: Just for a holiday
B: I'm very glad you like our city. 65．
13新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
A: Thank you.
A．How do you like our city?
B．Your city has changed a lot these years, hasn't it?
C．I came here to give a report on food safety two years ago.
D．That will make you more relaxed.
E.How long have you been here?
F.Have a good time.
G.Talking of my spare time.
七、书面表达
假设你是Susan，你有一个好朋友叫Linda，请根据要点写一篇文章。
要点如下：
1、你们俩都很高，都喜欢中国文化，每周去一次图书馆。
2、上周Linda 去爬了长城，她认为是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。
3、Linda比你更外向，更擅长运动。但你们在学习上一们地努力， 并相互帮助。
4、你们能够谈论和分享一切。
5、你看过功夫电影《长城》。谈谈你的感受。
注意：
1、文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
2、词数：60-80；
3、内容连贯，不要逐条翻译；
4、短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：culture 文化； climb 爬； wonder奇迹
My name is Susan, I have a good friend, Linda.
14新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
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