新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Unit 2 Home sweet home
Section A what can you do for your home?
一．重点词汇梳理
1. /pæk/v. 打包；收拾 2. /'ba:θru:m/n. 浴室；洗手间
3. /sɔ:t/v. 把……分类；整理 n. 种类 4. /'bedru:m/n. 卧 室
5. /'bælkəni/n. 阳台 6. /n'vart/v. 邀请
7 /a'rarvl/n.到达 8. /jet/adv.(用于否定句和疑问句)还 conj.但是
9. /æd/v.添加；加 10. /'biskit/n.饼干
11. /'bprəu/v. 借 12 . /plæn/n. 策划；打算v.计划；方案
13 . /'treʒə(r)/n.宝物；财富v. 珍视 14. /hʌnt/v.搜寻；寻找v.搜寻；打猎
15 . / lift/n. 搭便车；电梯v.举起；抬起
16. /ən'til/prep. 到 . … … 时；直到 … … 为
17. /'mu:vi/n. 电影 18. /ded/adj.不运行的；死的
19 . /nəut/n. 笔记；记录；便条v. 注意；指出
20. /ka'mju:nəti/n.社区；社团
21 . /'rabiʃ/n. 垃圾 22. /'ɔ:lməust/adv.差不多；几乎
二．重点词汇变形
1. pack v.打包→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ n.包裹 → n.包装工
2.bathroom 浴室；洗手间n.→ (复数)→ n.浴缸→ v.洗澡
3. sort v.整理；分类 → (过去式)→ (现在分词)
4. bedroom n.卧室 → (复数)→ n.床
5. balcony n. 阳台→ (复数)
6. invite v.邀请→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ n.邀请函
7. arrival n.到达→ (v.到达)→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)
8. add v. 添加→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ (n.添加)→ (adj.额外的)
9. borrow v.借→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)
10. plan n./v.计划→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ n.计划者→ 复数
11. treasure n./v.财富；宝物→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ (复数)
12. hunt n./v.搜寻；打猎→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ n.猎人
13. lift n./v搭便车；举起.→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ n.举重者 → 复
数
14.dead adj.死的；不运行的→ v.死亡 → n.死亡 → adj.致命的
1新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
15. note n./v.笔记；注意→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ (复数)
16.community n.社区；社团 → (复数)
三．重点短语通关
1. 收拾东西 2. 扫地
3. 打扫浴室 4. 喂鱼
5 . 挂照片 6. 给植物浇水
7 . 和朋友闲逛 8 . 把........分类到....
9. 种花 10. 邀请…到…
11 . 打扫 12. 做得不错；干得漂亮
13 等不及做某事 14. . 帮助某人做某事
15. 为某人买某物 16 . 让人感到宾至如归
17. 把….加入. 18. 去购物
19. 制作饼干 20. 做饭
21 . 寻宝 22. 开车顺便送某人
23. 整天在家工作 24. 立即，马上
25. 不回家，待得很晚 26. 上洗手间
27 . 注意；当心 28. 做笔记
29 垃圾袋
四．课文重点知识及语法梳理
Section A课文重现
Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.
Dad:Guess what! Grandpa and Grandma are visiting us this
weekend!
Jim: Oh, great!
Peter: I can't wait to show them our new house!
2新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Mum: Yes, but now we need to ge t ready for their
arrival. Can you help me clean up their room?
Peter: But their room is already clean!
Mum: Well, it's not“grandma clean" yet!
Peter: Oh, OK.
Dad: Jim, can you help me pu t th e new clock on the wall? I bought it for Grandpa to see the time.
Jim:sure, Dad.
Dad: Helen, can you mov e thi s chai r to their room? Grandpa likes reading books in front of the window.
Helen: No problem, Dad.Can I pu t som e flower s by the window?
Dad:Yes, good idea! Grandma loves flowers.
Helen: Mum, could you take me to the flowe r shop later?
Mum:No problem. Let's go after lunch.
【考点1】Mum,can I invite my friends to our new house? 妈妈，我能邀请我的朋 友们到我们的新房子
里来吗?
Invite “ ” invitation “邀请函；
【用法详解】 作动词意为 邀请 。其名词形式是 意为
邀请”
invite sb . to do sth .
相关搭配：① 邀请某人做某事
Eg:He invited me to his birthday party.他邀请我去他的生日派对。
②invite sb. to + 地点/事件 邀请某人去某地/参加某活动
✅Eg: Mr Cao invited ZangHai to join their team. 曹公公邀请藏海加入他们的
战队。
牛
刀小试
1. She invited me the meeting. （attend）
2.They invited him a speech. (give)
3.Would you like your friends to the party? (invite)
4. They sent out the yesterday. (invite)
5.His made me very happy. (invite)
【考点2】I can't wait to show them our new house！我迫不及待要给他们展示我们的新房子！
【用法详解】can't wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事。
Eg:I can't wait to see the new movie!我迫不及待想看那部新电影!
拓展：can’t help doing sth .忍不住/情不自禁做某事。
3新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Eg:He can’t help following the cute rabbit .他情不自禁地跟着那只可爱的小兔子。
牛
刀小试
翻译句子。
1. .我们迫不及待地想出发去旅行。
2. .孩子们迫不及待地打开礼物。-
3. .他的笑话太有趣了，我们禁不住笑了起来
4. .我禁不住想起过去。
5. .当我听到她的歌声时，我忍不住笑了。
【考点3】Grandpa likes reading books in front of the window.爷爷喜欢在窗前读书。
【用法详解】in front of 和 in the front of 的区别
①in front of 表示“在……的前面”（外部的前面，即两者是分开 的）。
Eg;He is standing in front of the car.他站在车的前面。
②in the front of 表示“在……的前部”
（内部的前面，即属于同一空间的一部 分）。
Eg;He is sitting in the front of the car.他坐在车的前面（排）。
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刀小试
（ ）1. The teacher stood ______ the classroom and wrote on the blackboard.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. at front of D. on the front of
（ ）2. There is a beautiful garden ______ our school.
A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the front of D. on front of
4 add things to their room.
【考点 】 在他们的房间里添加东西。
①add sth to sth:将某物添加到某处
【用法详解】
Eg;She added sugar to her coffee.她往咖啡里加了糖。
②add that...: 补充说......
Eg;He added that the math problem was really difficult .他补充说那道数学题真的真的很难。
③add up to 总数是；结果是
Eg;As we all know these numbers add up to 1823. 众琑周知，这些数字的总和为1823。
4新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
牛
刀小试
1. Please (添加) your name to the list.
( ) 2.The bad weather added difficulty.
A.up B. to C. on D.in
【考点4 plan a treasure hunt.策划一次寻宝游戏。
】
【用法详解】plan作动词意为“策划；打算 ”，作名词意为“计划；方案”。
相关搭配：①plan to do sth:计划做某事
Eg;We plan to learn the new words this holiday . 我们计划这个假期学新单词。
②make a plan:制定计划
Eg;Let's make a plan for the trip.让我们为这次旅行制定一个计划。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.They plan _____a party for Saturday.
A. to have B. having C. has D.have
（ ）2.I will make good plan improve my study.
A.the;to B. a;to C. an;in D./;to
【考点5】Dad,could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon? 爸爸，今天下午你能开车顺便
送我去商店吗?
【用法详解】lift作名词意为“搭便车;电梯” ，作动词意为“举起;抬起”。
相关搭配：① 让某人搭便车。
Eg;Can you give me a lift to the station?你能载我去车站吗?
② 乘电梯 。
Eg;He took the lift to the 23rd floor.他乘电梯到了23楼。
③ 举起某物。
Eg;He lifted the box up easily.他轻松地把箱子举了起来。
【考点6】Helen,can I borrow your chess set?海伦，我能借你的国际象棋吗?
【用法详解】 borrow 意为“借”,是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。强调从别人那里或某
处把东西借来。相关搭配及拓展：① 从.....借........
Eg;Can I borrow a pen from you?我能向你借支笔吗?
5新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
②lend意为“借给；借出”,为非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。强调把东西借给别人。
借.....给.....
③keep意为“保存；保留”,为延续性动词，能和表示一段时间的状语及how long连用。通常表 keep
示持有某物多长时间。keep sth for+一段时间
牛
刀小试
（ ）1. — Can I ______ your pen for a moment? Mine is out of ink.
— Sure, but please return it soon.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take
（ ）2. — Could you ______ me your bike tomorrow? I need to go to the train station.
— Sorry, I’m using it myself.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. return
（ ）3. — How long can I ______ this book from the library?
— For two weeks. After that, you must renew it.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take
7 Can I stay out until eleven? 11 ?
【考点 】 我能在外面待到 点吗
【用法详解】until作介词，意为“到.....时;直到......为止”。
①介词:表示动作/状态持续到某一时间点。 直到....才....
Eg;He didn't leave until midnight.他直到午夜才离开。
②连词:后接从句，表示主句动作持续到从句动作发生。
Eg;Stay here until I come back.待在这里直到我回来。
牛
刀小试
（ ）1.The baby didn't stop crying_______her mother came.
A.until B.by C.when
（ ）1. — When did you finish your homework last night?
— I hardly ever finish it __ ____ 11 p.m. It was too difficult.
A. when B. until C. since D. while
（ ）3.She never eats her mother comes back .
A.until B.when
C.after
6新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
五．单元重点语法讲练
could和can都情态动词，表示说话人的主观看法或语气。它没有人称和数的变化，也不能单独在句子中做
谓语，但它可以与其后的不带to的动词不定式一起构成复合谓语。
1.can表示能力，常被译成“能，会”。过去式could，表示过去的能力。否定形式 couldn't。
Eg;I can sing English songs.我会唱英语歌曲。
Eg; I could look after myself when I was six.我六岁就能自己照顾自己了。
2.表示请求或许可，常被用来请求对方的许可，或表示说话人自己的许可。
Eg;Can I help you？我能帮你忙吗？
Eg;Can you go to the picnic with us tomorrow？明天你能和我们一起去野餐吗？
3.情态动词 could 构成的问句用于委婉地向对方提出请求或征求对方的许可，语气比 can 委婉，但不表示过
去，答语没有固定形式，符合语境即可。
①.委婉地请求他人可用“Could you do..?"“Could you please do.…?” 提问 ， 若 同 意 请 求 可 以 说 “
.”;若不同意请求可以说 .”。
②.委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事可用“Could I do…?”提问，被提问方若同意， 可以说“
.”;若不同 意，可以说" 。 注意回答中用can, 而不是 could。
Eg—Could I take a photo for you？我能给你拍张照 吗？
—Of course,you can.当然了，你可以 。
Eg;could I take a photo with you ?我可以跟你一起合影吗？
---- No,you can’t.不，不可以。
3.情态动词的基本句式：
陈述句 ： 。
Eg;He can ride a motorcycle.他会骑大摩托。
否定句： 。
Eg;I can't ride a bike.我不会骑自行车。
一般疑问句： ？
肯定回答： . 否定回答： .
Eg;Can he dance?他会跳舞吗？
Yes, he can. /No, he can’t.
7新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
牛
刀小试
( )1.- I borrow your dictionary, Jason? --Yes, of course. Here you are.
A.Can B.Must C.Need D. Should
( )2. This old computer be Mr. Green's. His computer is new.
A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. won't
( )3.-Look at the sign. " swimming!"-So it be dangerous(危险的) to swim here.
A. Don't; must B. Not; may C. Not be; can D. No; must
( )4. - Must we sing a song at the party? -No, you _ _ ,
A. mustn't B. haven't to C. not have to D. don't have to
( )5.-Mom, can I go swimming?--No. You_ _do your homework.
A. has to B. have to C. can D. could
( )6.The little boy swim. He wants someone to help him.
A. isn't B. can't C. don't D. needn't
( )7.-When we are in the zoo, we _feed(喂)the animals.
A. needn't B. may not C. couldn't D. can't
( )8.-Hi, Bill! What is an important rule in the library?-We be quiet.
A. have to B. can C. may D. mustn't
( )9.-Do you _clean the classroom every day?-Yes. We usually clean it after class.
A. must B. has to C. have to D.can
( )10Could you come with us this afternoon?--Sorry, I _,I go to the library.
A. can't; may B. couldn't; have to C.can't; have to D. couldn't; may
从方框中选择合适的单词填空
can, can't, mustn't, needn't, should
1. If we find a better way, we' ll finish the job faster.
2. Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We learn to protect ourselves.
3.— Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow?
— Sorry,I'm afraid I . I' ll work as a volunteer in my community.
4. — You take the subway to the airport, for I can drive you there directly.
— That's very kind of you.
5. According to the traffic rules, people ride e-bikes without wearing helmets.
8新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
课
堂测试
一、单项选择
（ ）1. —Could you please ______ the floor? —Sure. I'll do it right away.
A. Sweep B. sweeping C. swept D. to sweep
（ ）2. —Can I ______ your bike? Mine is broken. —Sure. Here you are.
A. lend B. borrow C. keep D. buy
（ ）3. —What are you going to do this weekend? —I'm going to help my parents ______ the house.
A. clean up B. look up C. put up D. set up
（ ）4. My mother asked me to ______ my clothes before going to bed.
A. hang out B. hang up C. take out D. take up
（ ）5. —______ I stay out until eleven? —No, you can't. You have to get up early tomorrow.
A. Can B. Could C. Must D. Need
（ ）6. —______ does your family usually go on a trip? —Once a year.
A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much
（ ）7. We should ______ our community clean and beautiful.
A. keep B. let C. make D. have
（ ）8. My grandparents live in a small village. They always ______ us to visit them.
A. Invite B. ask C. tell D. want
（ ）9. The old man nodded his head. Here "nodded" means ______.
A. moved his head up and down B. moved his head from side to side
C. shook his head D. touched his head
（ ）10. My home is a place ______ love.
A. of B. with C. for D. in
（ ）11. —______ you help me with my English? —Sure. I'd be glad to.
A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need
（ ）12. When we got home, my mother was busy ______ dinner.
A. cook B. cooking C. to cook D. cooked
（ ）13. My sister often helps me ______ my homework.
A. do B. doing C. does D. did
（ ）14. —______ is your new house like? —It's very big and beautiful.
A. How B. What C. Which D. Where
9新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
（ ）15. My father is going to ______ a long trip next month.
A. go B. take C. make D. have
二、完型填空
Maria is my friend.She had bad 1 two years ago.For example，she got up late and had 2
for breakfast.She disliked 3 school activities.After 4 home from school，she usually played
computer games and 5 she watched TV.She 6 drank milk，and she ate junk food three 7 five
times a week.
Then one day，she got sick.She had to be in hospital 8 ．It made her 9 that she must look after
herself well.
Now Maria has 10 habits.She gets up early and 11 every morning.She usually runs for about an
hour.Then she has a 12 breakfast.At school she plays all kinds of sports.She hardly ever plays computer
games 13 watches TV.She drinks a cup of milk 14 going to bed.These good habits 15 her keep
healthy and study well.
（ ）1．A．gamesB．friends C．programs D．habits
（ ）2．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
（ ）3．A．to do B．doing C．do D．did
（ ）4．A．getting B．to get C．got D．gets
（ ）5．A．always B．sometimes C．never D．hardly
（ ）6．A．always B．often C．hardly everD．sometimes
（ ）7．A．from B．on C．too D．to
（ ）8．A．once a week B．two weeks ago C．for three weeks D．twice a week
（ ）9．A．feeling B．feel C．felt D．feels
（ ）10．A．bad B．well C．bored D．good
（ ）11．A．sleeps B．exercises C．eats D．plays
（ ）12．A．easy B．hungry C．healthy D．free
（ ）13．A．and B．but C．or D．though
（ ）14．A．after B．when C．during D．before
（ ）15．A．tell B．help C．want D．Take
三、词汇运用
1. Could you please (sweep) the floor? It's dirty.
2. My mother asked me (fold) the clothes.
10新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
3. We should keep _ our classroom everyday. (打扫).
4. My father often helps my mother do the (dish) after dinner.
5. I want to (invitation) my friends to my birthday party.
6. The old man is his lost keys. (寻找)
7. We need to (准备) for the coming exam.
8. My sister is good at making ___ (剪纸).
9. Please the photos on the wall. They are very beautiful. （悬挂）
10. We should help our parents do some (chore) at home.
四、阅读理解
A
Teenagers believe anything is possible if they study hard. But they often forget to think about healthy diets,
enough sleep time and exercise. In fact, these things are really important for them to keep fit.
It is important for teenagers to get enough energy. Teenage girls need about 2,200 calories a day while boys need
a bit more—doctors suggest 2,800 for teenage boys.50% of their calories should come from healthy food—rice,
vegetables and fruit. People often say an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Teenagers also need to drink a lot of
water,6 to 8 glasses a day. Drinking enough water will improve their skin.
Teenagers usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep at night, but many Chinese teenagers do not get enough sleep. A
report shows that without a good night’s sleep, teenagers seem to be weaker than they should be. Too much homework
is not the only reason why teenagers stay up late. Some watch TV or play computer games late into the night.
Teenagers should develop good study habits.So some clever students never study late, but they are able to work well in
class.
Exercise is something that can help them. Experts suggest that teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes
exercising a day, five times a week. They will feel relaxed when they exercise. It can even help them sleep better at
night.
（ ）1 ．How many things are important for teenagers to keep fit?
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
（ ） 2．Half of their calories should come from.
A．rice,vegetables and fruit B．rice,vegetables and meat
C．rice,vegetables and water D．milk and meat
（ ） 3．The last paragraph(段) mainly talks about.
A．sleeping better B．basic energy
11新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
C．necessary exercise D．more exercise
（ ） 4．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Boys need much more calories than girls. B．Teenagers need to drink 6 to 8 glasses of water a day.
C．Some clever students never study late. D．They will feel relaxed when they exercise.
（ ） 5．The passage tells teenagers how to .
A．eat and drink well B．study hard C．keep fit D．drink well
B
It was a sunny day. Tom's family decided to clean up their house. Tom's mother asked him to sweep the floor.
His father asked him to take out the rubbish. Tom didn't want to do these chores. He thought they were boring. But
Tom's parents told him that doing chores was good for him. It could teach him responsibility (责任) and make him
more independent (独立的). Tom thought for a while and then he started to do the chores.
After finishing the chores, Tom felt very proud. He saw that the house was clean and tidy. He also knew that he
could help his parents. From then on, Tom often did chores at home.
（ ）6. What did Tom's mother ask him to do?
A. Take out the rubbish. B. Clean the bathroom. C. Sweep the floor. D. Do the dishes.
（ ）7. Why didn't Tom want to do the chores at first?
A. Because he was busy. B. Because he thought they were boring.
C. Because he didn't know how to do them. D. Because he didn't like his parents.
（ ）8. What did Tom's parents tell him?
A.Doing chores was easy. B. Doing chores was boring.
C. Doing chores was good for him. D. Doing chores was a waste of time.
（ ）9. How did Tom feel after finishing the chores?
A. Tired. B. Sad. C. Proud. D. Angry.
（ ）10. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Tom never did chores at home. B. Tom's parents didn't do chores.
C. Doing chores can make us more independent. D. We should do chores only on sunny days.
C
Not all the people like to work but everyone likes to play. People often call their friends together to play
games. All over the world, men and women, boys and girls enjoy sports.
Sports can help people to live happily. They can also help people to keep healthy. When people are playing
games, they always move a lot. It is good for their health. Having fun with their friends often makes them happy.
12新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Many people enjoy sports by watching others playing. It can also make them happy and excited. Many people
buy tickets to watch all kinds of games, but more people like to watch sports games on TV.
What’s your favorite sport? When the weather is hot, do you like swimming? In China, there are beautiful
beaches, rivers and lakes across the country. The weather is always so good for swimming. Enjoy your sports to keep
healthy, my friends!
（ ）11．Everyone likes to ______, but not all the people like to ______.
A．play; work B．work; play C．swim; work D．sleep; play
（ ）12．Sports help people to live ______ and keep ______.
A．happy; health B．happily; health C．happily; healthy D．happily; healthily
（ ）13．When people are playing games, they _______. It is good for their health.
A．are always tired B．are always excited C．always move a lot D．always feel bored
（ ）14．Why do many people enjoy sports by watching others playing?
A．Because it is tiring to play games.
B．Because it can also make them happy and excited.
C．Because they don’t like playing sports.
D．Because they don’t need to move.
（ ）15．What’s the main idea of this passage (短文)?
A．Enjoying sports can keep people healthy. B．The weather in China is good for swimming.
C．All the people like to play games. D．Not all people like sports.
五、任务型阅读
When you eat well and get some exercise，you will be healthy. If you're healthy，you will work well，feel
good and can do many things. Well，do you know how to keep healthy？
Have different foods and right drinks
(A) Although you may have your favorite food ， you need to try some different foods . Some food，such as fruit
and vegetables，can make you have a good body and a smart mind. So，you need to eat some fruit and vegetables
every day. When you want something to drink，water is the best. And milk can help you build good bones. It is good
for children to drink two or three cups of milk a day.
Exercise more and have fun
(B)足够的锻炼对你的身体和头脑也有好处。Maybe you dislike playing basketball.(C)But you may be
interested in riding a bicycle. So try to find out your favorite sports and then exercise and have fun every day.
56．任务一 把(A)处画线句子翻译成中文。
13新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
。
57．任务二 判断句子正(A)误(B)。When you want something to drink，juice is the best.
58．任务三 把(B)处画线句子翻译成英文。
_ .
59．任务四 写出(C)处画线句子的同义句。
But you interested in riding a bicycle.
60．任务五 回答问题。
How many cups of milk is it good for children to drink a day？
.
六、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语
的正确形式填空。
Joy loves instant noodles(方便面)．She eats them at least 1 . (one)a week.She has a way to make them more
delicious.She 2 ． (write)，“Although I know it is not good 3 ． me to eat a lot，I still love instant
noodles—I think they are cheap and delicious.When I cook 4 ． (they)，I often add(加)something to make
them more delicious.”
“I discard(丢弃)their flavorings(调味品)．I make the ‘flavoring’ by 5 ． (my)．When I cook the noodles，I
always put 6 . egg in them.I love eggs.They are one of my 7 ． (favorite)．Sometimes I put
some pieces of meat.I 8 ． put some vegetables，sometimes cabbages and sometimes broccoli.Yesterday I
tried tomatoes.They 9 ． (taste)great！Next time I'd like to try some beans. 10 ． I enjoy instant
noodles，I often go for a walk in the park.I feel great.”
14
