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人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 2 Home sweet home
一、语法考点
（一）Can/Could 引导的请求与许可句型
1.
表示请求
① Can/Could you please + + Could you
结构： 动词原形 其他？其中，
please...? Can you please...?
比 语气更委婉。
② “Sure./Of course./No problem.”
回答：肯定回答常用 等；否定回答常用
“Sorry, but...” Could you please sweep the floor?
并说明理由。例如： （你
Sure. I'll do it right away.
能扫一下地吗？） （当然，我马上就做。）
2.
表示请求许可
① Can/Could I + + Could I...?
结构： 动词原形 其他？同样， 语气更委婉。
② “Yes, you can.” “Sorry, you can't.”
回答：肯定回答用 ；否定回答用 或
“Sorry, but...” Could I hang out with my friends after school?
。例如： （放
Sorry, you can't. You have to finish your
学后我能和朋友们出去玩吗？）
homework first.
（抱歉，你不能。你得先完成作业。）
（二）一般现在时表将来
go, come, leave, arrive
在一些表示位移的动词（如 等）中，常用一般现
在时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，通常会有表示将来的时间状语。例
The train leaves at 6:30 tomorrow morning. 6:30
如： （火车明天早上 发
车。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. chore “ ” chores
：可数名词，意为 杂务；家务劳动 ，常用复数形式 。
I have a lot of chores to do on weekends.
例如： （我周末有很多家务要
做。）2. sweep “ ” swept sweep
：动词，意为 打扫；清扫 ，过去式为 。常见短语
the floor My mother asks me to sweep the floor every
（扫地）。例如：
day.
（妈妈让我每天扫地。）
3. floor “ ” “ ”
：名词，意为 地板；地面 。也可表示 楼层 ，英式英语中与序
the the
数词连用时， 常置于序数词前；美式英语中 常省略。例如：
There is a book on the floor. The library is on the
（地板上有一本书。）
second floor.
（图书馆在二楼。）
4. borrow “ ” borrow sth. from sb.
：动词，意为 借；借用 ，常用结构 （从
I often borrow books from the library.
某人那里借某物） 。例如： （我
经常从图书馆借书。）
5. lend “ ” lend sth. to sb. = lend sb.
：动词，意为 借给；借出 ，常用结构
sth. Can you lend your pen to me? = Can
（把某物借给某人） 。例如：
you lend me your pen?
（你能把你的钢笔借给我吗？）
6. invite “ ” invitation invite
：动词，意为 邀请 ，名词形式为 。常见短语
sb. to do sth. invite sb. to +
（邀请某人做某事）； 地点（邀请某人去某
I want to invite my friends to my birthday party.
地） 。例如： （我想邀
请我的朋友们参加我的生日派对。）
7. prepare “ …… ”
：动词，意为 使做好准备；把 准备好 ，常见短语
prepare for …… prepare sth. We
（为 做准备）； （准备某物） 。例如：
are preparing for the exam.
（我们正在为考试做准备。）8. reason “ ” The reason for his
：可数名词，意为 原因；理由 。例如：
being late is that he missed the bus.
（他迟到的原因是错过了公交
车。）
9. neighbor “ ” My neighbor is very kind.
：可数名词，意为 邻居 。例如：
（我的邻居非常友善。）
10.care “ ” care about
：动词，意为 在意；担忧；关心 ，常见短语 （关心；
care for We should care about the
在意）； （照顾；照料） 。例如：
environment.
（我们应该关心环境。）
（二）重点短语
1. help out： “ ” I often help out
意为 帮助分担工作、解决难题等 。例如：
with housework at home.
（我在家经常帮忙做家务。）
2. in order to “ ”
：意为 目的是；为了 ，后接动词原形，引导目的状语。例
He gets up early in order to catch the early bus.
如： （他早起是为了赶
上早班车。）
3. depend on “ ” Children should not depend
：意为 依靠；信赖 。例如：
too much on their parents.
（孩子们不应该过于依赖他们的父母。）
4. take care of “ ” look after We
：意为 照顾；照料 ，等同于 。例如：
should take care of the old.
（我们应该照顾老人。）
5. as a result “ ”
：意为 结果；因此 ，常位于句首，并用逗号与句子其他部
He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
分隔开。例如：
（他学习不努力。结果，他考试不及格。）三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — Could you please ________ the floor? It's dirty.
— Sure.
A. sweeping B. sweep C. to sweep D. swept
2. — Can I ________ your bike?
— Sorry, I've lent it to Tom.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy
3. — ________ I invite my friends to the party?
— Sure. But you should clean the room first.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Should
4. My mother often asks me ________ the dishes after dinner.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. does
5. — Could you help me ________ the books to the classroom?
— No problem.
A. take B. taking C. takes D. took
6. — What are you doing, Li Ming?
— I'm ________ my pen. I can't find it.
A. looking at B. looking for C. looking after D. looking like
7. — Why didn't you go to the party last night?
— Because I had to ________ my sick mother at home.
A. look at B. look up C. look for D. look after8. — Could you please not ________ noise here? The baby is sleeping.
— Sorry, we won't.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
9. My father ________ home at 6:00 p.m. every day.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arrived D. will arrive
10.— Can I use your dictionary?
— ________. Here you are.
A. Of course not B. I'm sorry C. Of course D. No, you can't
11.— ________ do you clean your room?
— Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
12.We should ________ our parents. They work hard for us.
A. care about B. hear about C. talk about D. learn about
13.— Could you tell me how to get to the library?
— ________. I'm new here, too.
A. Sure B. I'm sorry C. No problem D. Of course
14.My sister often helps me ________ my English.
A. with B. for C. in D. at
15.— Can I have some more bread?
— ________. There's still a lot left.
A. No, you can't B. Of course not C. Yes, you can D. That's all right16.— Could you please pass me the book?
— ________.
A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't C. Sure. Here you are D. I can't
17.He got up early ________ catch the early bus.
A. in order to B. so that C. because D. because of
18.— Do you often do chores at home?
— Yes. I often ________ the clothes.
A. do B. make C. fold D. take
19.— ________ I leave now?
— No, you can't. You have to finish your work first.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Can
20.My neighbor is a kind woman. She often ________ me with my problems.
A. helps B. help C. helping D. to help
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Could you please ________ (clean) your room? It's a mess.
2. My mother often asks me ________ (help) her with housework.
3. I need ________ (borrow) some money from my friend because I left my wallet
at home.
4. He ________ (sweep) the floor an hour ago.5. We should learn ________ (take) care of ourselves.
6. My sister is good at ________ (fold) the clothes.
7. Could you please not ________ (play) computer games? It's time to go to bed.
8. She often helps her mother ________ (do) the dishes after dinner.
9. My father ________ (not arrive) home until 8:00 p.m. yesterday.
10.We are looking forward to ________ (invite) our friends to our new house.
11.It's important for us ________ (learn) English well.
12.He is busy ________ (prepare) for the exam these days.
13.She ________ (lend) her book to me last week.
14.My mother asked me ________ (not make) noise in the library.
15.We should care more about ________ (other).
16.I'm sorry for ________ (be) late for class again.17.My neighbor's son always helps me ________ (carry) heavy things.
18.She needs ________ (buy) some new clothes for the party.
19.My father often tells me ________ (clean) my room by myself.
20.They ________ (go) to the park tomorrow if it doesn't rain.
（三）阅读理解
When we talk about home, we often think of its warmth and comfort. A
home is not just a building where we live; it's a place full of love and care.
In my family, we all do our part to make our home a better place. My
mother always keeps the house clean. She sweeps the floor and cleans the
rooms every day. She also cooks delicious meals for us. My father often helps
with the heavier chores. He takes out the rubbish and fixes things around the
house when they are broken.
As for me, I usually help with some small chores. I feed the fish and water
the plants. Sometimes, I also help my mother set the table before dinner. On
weekends, my parents and I often clean up the house together. We work as a
team, and it makes our home look tidy and beautiful.
We also like to decorate our home. We hang up photos of our family on
the walls. These photos show our happy moments together. We also put someflowers in the living room. They make the house smell nice and feel more
comfortable.
Home is where we feel safe and loved. We should all do something to
make our homes better.
1. ( )What does the writer think of home?
A. It's just a building.
B. It's a place full of love and comfort.
C. It's only a place to live.
D. It's a place with many chores.
2. ( )What does the writer's mother do at home?
A. She takes out the rubbish.
B. She fixes things around the house.
C. She keeps the house clean and cooks meals.
D. She feeds the fish and waters the plants.
3. ( )What small chores does the writer usually do?
A. He helps his mother clean the rooms.
B. He takes out the rubbish.
C. He feeds the fish and waters the plants.
D. He helps his father fix things.
4. ( )How do they make their home look tidy and beautiful?
A. They buy a lot of new furniture.
B. They clean up the house together on weekends.
C. They invite friends to help.
D. They only let the mother clean the house.
5. ( )Why do they hang up photos on the walls?
A. Because the photos show their happy moments together.
B. Because the photos are very expensive.
C. Because they want to make the house look bigger.
D. Because they like taking photos.
