文档内容
kmkm 第1/8页 1170
人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
一、语法考点
（一）形容词和副词的最高级
1. 构成规则
①一般在词尾加 -est。例如：tall -tallest，short - shortest。
②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -st。例如：nice -nicest，fine- finest。
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -est。
例如：big- biggest，hot- hottest。
④以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -est。例如：
happy- happiest，early- earliest。
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加 most。例如：interesting - most
interesting，outgoing- mostoutgoing。
2. 用法：用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示 “最……”。常与表示范围的短语或从句
连用，如 in...（在…… 范围内）、of...（在…… 之中）等。
①形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前 the 可省略。例如：
Heisthetallestboyin ourclass.（他是我们班最高的男孩。）
Sheruns(the)fastestinher school.（她在学校里跑得最快。）
②常见句型：
“oneofthe+ 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 表示 “最…… 之一”。
例如：TheGreatWallisoneofthemostfamousplacesintheworld.
（长城是世界上最著名的地方之一。）
“Which/Who...+ 最高级，A, BorC?” 用于在三者或三者以上中进行
选择。例如：Whichis the biggest, the sun, the moonor theearth?
（太阳、月亮和地球，哪一个最大？）
（二）倍数表达法
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第2/8页 1170
1. “A+ be+ 倍数 + as+ 形容词原级 + as+ B” 表示 “A 是 B 的几倍”。例如：
Thisroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.（这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。）
2. “A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B” 表示 “A 比 B 大 / 长 / 高等
几倍”。例如：TheYangtzeRiverisabouttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.（长
江大约比珠江长两倍。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. adj. 令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（或惊羡、惊叹）的。常用来修饰
物。例如：The movie hasanamazing ending.（这部电影有一个令人惊叹的结
局。）
2. old 的最高级，意为 “最古老的；年纪最大的”。例如：Thisistheoldest
buildinginthecity.（这是这座城市里最古老的建筑。）
3. heavy 的最高级，意为 “最重的”。例如：Theelephantistheheaviest
animalonland.（大象是陆地上最重的动物。）
4. fast 的最高级，意为 “最快的”。例如：Thecheetahisthefastestanimal
onland.（猎豹是陆地上跑得最快的动物。）
5. beautiful 的最高级，意为 “最美丽的”。例如：Sheisthemost
beautifulgirl inourschool.（她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩。）
6. adj. 受欢迎的；普遍的；流行的。比较级为 more popular，最高级
为 most popular。例如：Football is a very popular sport.（足球是一项非常受
欢迎的运动。）
7. adj. 有用的；有益的。比较级为 moreuseful，最高级为 mostuseful。
例如：Adictionary isa usefultool forlearning languages.（字典是学习语言的
有用工具。）
8. v. 创造；创作；创建。例如：The artist created a beautiful painting.
（这位艺术家创作了一幅美丽的画作。）
9. v. 交流；沟通。名词形式为 communication。例如：We
communicatewith eachother byemail.（我们通过电子邮件相互交流。）
10. v. 保护；防护。例如：Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.（我们应
该保护环境。）
（二）重点短语
1. 表示 “最…… 之一”。例如：China
isoneofthe largestcountriesintheworld.（中国是世界上最大的国家之一。）
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第3/8页 1170
2. 在世界上。例如：What'sthe biggest animal in the world?（世
界上最大的动物是什么？）
3. 在…… 中起重要作用。例如：Trees play an
important part in keeping the air clean.（树木在保持空气清洁方面起着重要作
用。）
4. 因为；由于。后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：Hedidn'tgotoschool
becauseofhisillness.（他因为生病没去上学。）
5. 照顾；照料。等同于 takecareof。例如：Weshouldlookafterour
parentswhenthey areold.（父母年老时我们应该照顾他们。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. Thebluewhaleis________ animalintheworld.
A. thelargestB. largestC. largerD.large
2. Whichis________, thesun, themoonor theearth?
A. bigB. biggerC. thebiggestD.biggest
3. Thisisoneof________booksinour library.
A. themostpopular B.mostpopularC. morepopular D.popular
4. Mysister runs________ inher class.
A. fastB. fasterC. thefastestD.fastest
5. Whichcity is________, Beijing,Shanghaior Guangzhou?
A. beautifulB. morebeautifulC.themostbeautifulD.mostbeautiful
6. Thecheetahruns________ amongalllandanimals.
A. fastB. fasterC. thefastestD.fastest
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第4/8页 1170
7. Thisis________ interestingstory Ihaveeverheard.
A. themoreB. moreC. themostD.most
8. Heis________ studentin ourclass.
A. goodB.betterC. bestD.thebest
9. Whichis________ seasonin yourhometown?
A. goodB.betterC. thebestD.best
10.TheYellowRiverisoneof________riversinChina.
A. longB.longer C. thelongestD.longest
11.Themovieis________thanthatone.
A. interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting
12.Sheis ________girl inourschool.
A. tallB. taller C.tallestD.thetallest
13.Whichsubjectdo youlike________, math, Englishor Chinese?
A. wellB. better C. bestD.thebest
14.Thebookis________ofall.
A. interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting
15.Thisis________ expensiveshirt intheshop.
A. anB. a C. themostD.most
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第5/8页 1170
16.Mymotheris________ inmyfamily.
A. busyB.busier C. thebusiestD.busiest
17.Whichis________, a bike, acar ora plane?
A. fastB. fasterC. thefastestD.fastest
18.TheweatherinBeijingis ________thanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.
A. coldB. colder C.coldest D.thecoldest
19.Heis________ boyinourclass.
A. strongB. stronger C. strongestD.thestrongest
20.Whichis________ mountainintheworld?
A. highB. higherC. thehighestD.highest
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Theredwoodtreeis oneofthe________ (tall)treesintheworld.
2. Amongall theanimals, thebluewhaleisthe________ (heavy).
3. Whichisthe________(large), thesun, themoonor theearth?
4. Ithink pandasarethe________ (cute) animalsintheworld.
5. Thecheetahrunsthe________(fast) amongalllandanimals.
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第6/8页 1170
6. Which do you think is the ________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus
flower?
7. Lookatthatbutterfly!Ithasthe________(colorful) wings.
8. Whichanimaljumpsthe________ (far),therabbit, thefrogor thekangaroo?
9. The elephant birds were the ________ (large) and ________ (heavy) birds ever on
earth.
10.Theginkgotreeisoneofthe________(ancient)living treesonearth.
11.Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in
ShaanxiProvinceisthe________ (old).
12.The ginkgo tree is one of the ________ (popular) trees in streets, parks, and
gardensacrossChina.
13.Beesareoneofthe________(important) animalsonthisplanet.
14.Beesarealso oneofthe________(interesting)animalsintheworld.
15.Ifelt________ (disappointed) whenmyfavouriteflowersdied.
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第7/8页 1170
16.After therain, somemushrooms________ (appear)inthegarden.
17.Inmy hometown,peopleoftenusebamboo basketsto________ (store) food.
18.Whatdidyouputinyourluggage?It ________ (weigh) aton.
19.Ican't________(imagine)my lifewithoutmypets. They meana lottome.
20.Manypeopleknowthatfrogshelpto________(protect)farmsbyeatinginsects.
（三）阅读理解
Dolphins are one of the most amazing animals in the ocean. They are very
smart and friendly. Dolphins have a special way of communicating with each
other. They use sounds like clicks and whistles to talk. Scientists believe that
these sounds can carry different messages, such as warnings, greetings, or
information about food.
Dolphins are also excellent swimmers. They can swim at high speeds and
jump out of the water in a very beautiful way. Their bodies are designed for
swimming, with a streamlined shapethat helps them movequickly through the
water.
In addition, dolphins are social animals. They live in groups called pods. In
a pod, dolphins help each other. For example, when a dolphin is sick or injured,
other dolphins will support it and help it to the surface to breathe.
Dolphins are very important to the ocean ecosystem. They eat fish and
squid, which helps to keep the populations of these animals in balance. Also,
they are a popular attraction for tourists. Many people go to the sea to watch
dolphins play and swim.
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第8/8页 1170
However, dolphins are facing some problems. Pollution in the ocean is
making their living environment worse. Some dolphins are caught in fishing
nets and get hurt. We should take action to protect these lovely animals and
keep the ocean clean.
1. （ ）Howdo dolphinscommunicatewitheachother?
A. Byusingbodylanguage.
B. Bymakingsoundslikeclicksandwhistles.
C. Bysendingsignalswiththeir tails.
D.Bychangingthe coloroftheir bodies.
2. （ ）Whyaredolphinsgoodatswimming?
A. Becausetheyhavelongtails.
B. Becausetheylikeswimmingvery much.
C. Becausetheir bodiesareina streamlinedshape.
D.Becausethey livein theocean.
3. （ ）Whatdoesthe underlinedword“pods” meaninChinese?
A. 洞穴 B. 家族 C. 群体 D. 部落
4. （ ）Whyaredolphinsimportant totheoceanecosystem?
A. Becausetheycanmaketheoceanmorebeautiful.
B. Becausetheycan helpfishermencatch fish.
C. Becausetheycan keepthepopulationsofsomeanimalsinbalance.
D.Becausethey canclean theocean.
5. （ ）Whatproblemsaredolphinsfacing?
A. Thereisnotenoughfoodfor themintheocean.
B. Pollution is making their living environment worse and some are caught
infishingnets.
C. Theyhaveno friendsin theocean.
D.Peopledon'tlikethemanymore.
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇
