新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section A what can plants and animals do?
一．重点词汇梳理
1. moss /mɒs/n.苔藓 2. redwood /redwʊd/n.红杉;红木
2. cheetah /tʃi:tə/n.猎豹 4 .folding /'fəʊldɪŋ/ adj.折叠式的;可折叠的
5. bamboo /bæm'bu:/n.竹;竹子 6. popular /pɒpjələ(r)/ adj.广受欢迎的;流行的
6. goodness /'gʊdnəs/n.美德;营养 8. tool /tu:l/n.工具;手段
9 . actually /'æktʃuəli/ adv.实际上;居然 10. shoot /ʃu:t/n.幼苗;嫩芽;v.(shot /∫ɒt/)开(枪);射击
11. appear /ə'pɪə(r)/v.出现;呈现 12 . land /land/n.陆地;土地;v.降落;着陆
12. African /æfrɪkən/ adj.非洲的;非洲人的;n.非洲人 14. rose /rəʊz/n.玫瑰;蔷薇
15. peony /'pi:əni/n.牡丹;芍药 16. lotus /ləʊtəs/n.莲花
16. butterfly /bʌtəflaɪ/n.蝴蝶 18. wing /wɪŋ/n.翅膀;翼
19. frog /frɒg/n.青蛙 21. province /prɒvɪns/n.省份
二．重点词汇变形
1.folding折叠式的；可折叠的(adj.)→fold(v.) 折叠 → 反： unfold 展 开 (v.)
2.popular(adj.)流行的；受欢迎的→ 反： unpopula r 不受欢迎的 → popularity(n.) 流行，受欢迎
3.goodness(n.)美德；营养 →good(adj.)好的 →goods(n.) 商品
4.actually(adv.)实际上；事实上→actual (adj.) 实际的
5.appear (v.)出现→反 ：disappear 消 失 → appearance(n.)出现；外貌 →apparent (adj.) 明显的；表面上的
→apparently(adv.)显然地
6.African(adj.&n.)非洲的；非洲人→Africa(n.)非洲
7.peony(n.)牡丹；芍药→复数形式： peo nies
8.lotus(n.)莲花→复数形式： l otuses
9.butterfly(n.)蝴蝶→复数形式 ： butterflie s→butter(n.)黄油
10.weigh(v.)称重→ weigh t (n.)体重
11.ginkgo(n.)银杏→复数形式： g inkgoes
三．重点短语通关
1新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
1.between...and...在…和.….之间 2.a folding fan 折叠扇
3.a painting of bamboo 一幅竹子画 4. one of the most popular subjects 最受欢迎的题材
之 一
5.Chinese painting 中国画 6. Chinese culture 中国文化
7.learn lots of interesting things 学到许多有趣的事情
8 . one of the fastest - growing plants 长得最快的植物之一
9. in the world 在世界上 10. use sth.to do sth . 用…做.…
11.bamboo shoots 竹笋 12.be interested in 对..…感兴趣
13 . share sth . with sb . 和某人分享某事 14.feel free to do sth. 可以随便做某事
15 . weigh up to 重达；体重接近于 16.ginkgo trees 银杏树
17. over 200 million years ago 两百多万年前 18.a symbol of hope and long life 希望和长寿的
象
19.thousands of tourists 成千上万的游客 20. in mid - October 在10月中旬
21. take a walk 散步 22. bring joy to their heart 给他们带来欢乐
四．课文重点知识及语法梳理
Section A课文重现
Ella:Oh, what's that, Chen Jie? It's so beautiful!
Chen Jie: Thanks. It's a folding fan. I bought it last year.
Ella:Oh! It has a painting of bamboo on it.
Chen Jie: Yeah.Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese
paintings. It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture.
Ella:I didn't know that before. So, where did you get that fan?
Chen Jie: At the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo
forest in China. I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there.
Ella: Really? Like what?
Chen Jie: Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in
one day. Also, it's one of the most useful plants in the world. People can use it to build houses and make
tools and instruments.
2新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Ella:Oh, that's interesting. I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too,
right?
Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really
delicious.
【考点1.】Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之
一。
【用法详解】1.popular作形容词，意为“流行的；广受欢迎的”。the most popular 是popular的最高级形
式。
相关搭配 ： be popular in . ..在……受欢迎be popular for...因……受欢迎be popular with.….受……欢迎
2. one of...意为“其中之一”。
①作主语时主语为one，谓语动词用单数。
Eg: One of best friends is Sean.肖恩是我最好的朋友之一。
② one of +the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示“最...之一”
Eg:WangYiBo is one of the most excellent actor in China .
王一博是中国最优秀的男演员之一。
③ one of+复数名词
Eg:one of my classmates teaches me Korean.我的一个同学教我韩语。
牛
刀小试
( A )1.She is in our class.
A. one of the tallest girlsB. one of the tallest girl C. one of tallest girls D. one of the taller girls
( A )2.This is I have ever read.
A. one of the most interesting books B. one of the most interesting book
C. one of the interesting books D. one of interesting books
( C )3.one of the biggest buildings set up last year.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
4.This is on e o f th e mos t beautifu l (最美丽的城市之一) in the world.
【考点2.】Actually we eat bamboo shoots too.They're really delicious.事实上，我们也吃竹笋。它们真的
是太美味了。
【用法详解】actually作副词，意为“.实际上;居然”强调事实或纠正误解，可置于句中或句首。
Eg:He looks young, but actually he is 33.他看起来很年轻，但实际33 岁
3新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
了。
Eg:Actually, I disagree with you.实际上，我不同意你。
相关拓展：in fact事实上
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刀小试
（ A ）1.I thought she was French, but_____she's from Canada.
A. Actually B. popular C. appear
【考点3.】Among all animals,I love pandas the best.在所有的动物中，我最喜欢熊猫。
【用法详解】among意为“在...之间”，用于三者或以上群体之间。
Eg:She sat among her friends.她坐在朋友中间。
相关拓展：between意为“在...之间”，用于两者之间。
Between...and....在...和....之间
Eg:Mom stands between the two kids.妈妈站在两个孩子中间。
牛
刀小试
（ B ）1.The secret was shared______the three of us.
A. Between B.among C.through
2.There is a building between the school and the hospital。
3. Butterflies are flying among the flowers。
4.There is a river between the two cities.
【考点4.】please feel free to ask me any questions you have .请尽情地问我你们想问的问题。
【用法详解】feel free to do sth.意为“随意做某事”，feel free是英语口语中一个常用表达。表示无须拘束，
只管按照自己的意愿去做某事。
Eg:Can I use your bathroom?我可以用一下你的卫生间吗?
一Yes, feel free.可以，请随意。
Eg:Feel free to ask questions if you don't understand.你要是不懂，可以随便提问。
牛
刀小试
（ D ）1.I made a lot of sweets, so feel free whatever you like.
A. eat B.ate C. eating D. to eat
( B )2.I feel like my homework tomorrow.
A. do B.doing C. to do D. does
4新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
【考点5.】①Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years old.银杏树第一次出现是在两千万年前。
② Thousands of tourists come to see it each year,especially in mid-October, as it is the best time to
see it .每年都有成千上万的游客来看它，尤其是十月中旬，是最好的观赏时间。
【用法详解】million作概数词，意为“百万”。thousand作概数词，意为“千”。除此之外还有hundred
意为“百”，“billion”意为“十亿”。
①.表达确切的数量
Hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具体的数字修饰时，表示确指的数量，这
些词不能用复数形式，即 词尾不加 -S ，且不与 o f 连用 。
Eg:The number of students in our school is six hundred .我们学校的学生人数是600。
②.表达不确切的数量
hundred, thousand,million,billion等可构成短语，表示泛指的数量。此时这些词用
复数形式并与 o f 连用 ，其前不能有具体的数字修饰,但可被 many，a few 等词修饰。
Eg:Hundreds of people are visiting this old town.成百上千的游客正在游览这个古城。
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刀小试
（ C ） 1.The number of the fans going to this concert is about three _ . And _ of them are girls.
A. thousand; two third B. thousands; two third
C. thousand; two thirds D. thousands; two thirds
（ B ） 2. People plant _ _ trees on Tree Planting Day every year.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C.hundreds
（ B ） 3. Nowadays, _people like HUAWEI phones better, and about _ _ of them are adults.
A. the number of; four fifths B. a number of; four fifths C. a number of; four fifth
五、单元重点语法讲练
形容词和副词的最高级
1、语法概述
形容词、副词的最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的
比较；常用of/in 来说明比较的范围；形容词和副词前要加定冠词
the ，副词最高级前的the有时可省略。
二、最高级的构成
5新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
1.规则变化
单音节和部分 一般在词尾加-est tall→tallest high→highest
双音节词
以字母e结尾的词加-st fine→finest nice→nicest
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音
字母时（辅元辅），先双写该辅
口诀：“大 红 胖 瘦 适合 湿 热”
音字母，再加-est
（biggest,reddest,fattest,thinnest,fittest,wettest,hottest）
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节 easy→easiest funny→funniest
词，变y为i再加-est
多音节和部分 在词前加most comfortable→most comfortable
双音节词
carefully→most carefully
【特别提醒】由“动词+ed”或“动词+ing”构成的形容词变最高级时，通常在该形容词前加most
Eg.interesting→most interesting relaxed→most relaxed boring→ most boring
2.不规则变化
good/well（好的）→___best____（最好的） bad/badly/ill（糟糕的）→___worst___（最糟糕
的）
many/much（多的）→___most___（最多的） little（少的）→___least____（最少的）
old（老的）→___ oldest __/___eldest___（最老的） far（远的）→__farthest___/__furthest___（最远
的）
牛
刀小试
写出下列单词的最高级形式
1. big →__biggest__ 2. small →__smallest_ 3. heavy →__heaviest__
4. fine →___finest__ 5. cheap →_cheapest_ 6. happy →__happiest__
7. close →___closest_ 8. fresh →__freshest__ 9. popular →_ most popular
1. creative →most creative 11. bad →___worst___ 12. carefully →most carefully
13. good/well →___best ____ 14. many/much →___most____ 15. fat →___fattest___
三、最高级的常考句型
1. 主语 +be+the+ 形容词最高级 +in/o f 短语 ……是……中最……的
Eg. YiBo is the tallest one in my class. 一博是我们班最高的同学。
主语 + 实义动词（ + th e ） + 副词最高级 +in/o f 短语 ……在……中最……
Eg. He works (the) hardest in Class 23. 在23班他学习最努力。
2. 主语 +be+one of the+ 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 +in/o f 短语 ...是...中最...的...之一
Eg. The High Speed Rail is one of the newest inventions in China. 高铁是中国最新的发明之一。
3.“疑问词+be+the+形容词最高级，A、B or C ?”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较
6新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
“疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+ the）+副词最高级，A、B or C ?”
Eg.Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁最高？
Eg.Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？
4. 主语 +be+the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词单数 +in/o f 短语 ……在……中是第几……的……
Eg.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
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刀小试
（ D ）1.Fishing is one of ___ ___activities among the middle—aged men like my uncles.
A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular
（ C ）2.Amy has read many history books, so she learns history___ ___ of all the subjects.
A.well B.bad C.best D.worst
课
堂测试
一、单项选择
( B )1.Of the three pens, the boy chose ___ ____ one.
A.less expensive B.the most expensive C.the less expensive D.more expensive
( C )2.—I think Moon Theater has ___ ___ seats in my town.
—I agree with you.I usually go there with my friends.
A.more comfortable B.worse C.the most comfortable D.the worst
( A )3. Staying with family and friends is one of __ ___ things in the world.
A. the happiest B. happier C. the happy D. happiest
( D )4.—Did Cindy win the first prize in the long jump?
—Yes.She jumped ___ ___ of all the players.
A.far B.farther C.the farther D.the farthest
( C )5.Which is ____ ____way to travel, by plane, by train or by bus?
A.less expensive B.more cheaper C.the least expensive D.cheaper
( A )6.Yangtze River is ___ ____ longest river in the world. It runs across China from the west to the east.
A.the third B.third C.the three D.three
( C )7.I like the Big Screen Complex because it has ___ _____ screen.
A. bigger B. the worst C. the biggest D. worst
7新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
( C )8.Whichdo you think is ____ ____, Mary, Jim or Wang Lin?
A. more talented B. talenteder C. the most talented D. talentedest
( D )9.Xi’an is one of__ ___capital________in China.
A.older; city B.the older; city C.oldest; cities D.the oldest; cities
( B )10.—Of the two shirts, which one did Mom buy?
—She bought the __ __ one because she could save some money for a cap.
A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive
( C )11．—Why does your grandparents like to live in the countryside?
—Because they like the ________ air.
A．boring B．exciting C．fresh D．terrible
( A )12．—What do you think of playing games?
—I think ________. We should spend more time on school work.
A．it is less important than school work B．it is more important than school work
C．it is as important as school work D．it is the same important as school work
( A )13．Liu Chang did quite ________ in math, but Zhang Sheng did even ________.
A．badly; worse B．worse; worse C．badly; badly D．worse; badly
( A )14．Shanghai is much larger than _________ in France and it is one of the _________ cities in
China.
A．any city, biggest B．any other city, bigger C．any other city , biggest D．any city, bigger
( D )15．—How are the dishes in the new restaurant?
—Terrible! Nothing tastes _______.
A．best B．betterC．worstD．worse
( B )16．________ the five students, Lucy plays volleyball ________.
A．Of; betterB．Of; best C．Among; betterD．In; best
( C )17．—The radio says it’ll be much ________ tomorrow.
—Yes. It’s said that there will be much ________ tomorrow.
A．rain, rain B．rain, rainier C．rainier, rain D．rainy, rain
( A )18．Be quick! The game will begin ________.
A．soon B．recently C．carefully D．luckily
( B )19．—Do you like his answer? —Not at all. It couldn’t have been ________.
A．betterB．worse C．moreD．less
( D )20．We cannot add “un-” to________ to give it the opposite(相反的)meaning.
8新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
A．certain B．important C．comfortable D．active
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．Take exercise one hour a day, you’ll become ___ healthier (healthy) than before.
2．My sister is bette r (good) at Maths than I. She often helps me with it.
3．Friday is my busies t (busy) day in a week.
4．Of all the subjects, I like English bes t (good).
5．I know something about the film. Can you tell me mor e (much)?
三、完成句子
6．我比其他孩子更安静和稳重。
I’m quiete r and serious than other kids.
7．我现在的感觉比昨天更糟。
Now I’m feeling much worse than yesterday.
8．我没有买到演唱会的入场券。
I haven’t got the ticket to the concert.
9．到目前为止，中国在消除贫困方面卓有成就。
So fa r , China is successful in eradication of poverty(消除贫困）
10．他的老师总是建议他要认真听讲。
His teacher always advises him to listen to the teacher _ carefully ____ .
四、多句选词填空
excite, disappoint, live, it, African，usual, learn, go, important, store
11．The young bird can feed itsel f now.
12．The old man loves living in the livel y countryside.
13．Three __ African s are visiting our school now.
14．You must know the importanc e of save water.
15．I want to go to the stor e . Can you show me the way?
16．Bob's father has gon e to Beijing and he will get back in two weeks.
17．It's the _ most exciting movie that I've ever watched. I like it very much.
18．Mary is worried, because she doesn't know how __ to learn English well.
19．It's disappointed that such a wonderful place can’t be visited.
20．My teacher always works out math problems in an unusua l way.
五、完型填空
9新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
Welcome to my hometown. It's a new 1 near a river. 2 it is smaller than the other cities. It
is very quiet, 3 and nice. So 4 people think it is a good place. 5 you come to my hometown,
I will show you 6 a big and beautiful park. It is in the center 7 the city. It is my favorite place. I
8 go to the park on Sundays with my family or friends. Many people 9 in it every day. Kids can play
sports or play all kinds of 1 0 like flying kites in it, too. There 1 1 pay phones, a supermarket, a
market and restaurants in it. The library is 1 2 from 8：00 am to 9：00 pm every day. People can read
books, 1 3 videos and learn new things in it. People can buy things in the 1 4 and market. If people
are hungry, they can go to the restaurants for a 1 5 . Do you like my hometown?
（ B ）1．A．village B．city C．town D．island
（ A ）2．A．But B．Though C．So D．Because
（ C ）3．A．crowded B．noisy C．clean D．dirty
（ A ）4．A．most B．least C．fewest D．biggest
（ D ）5．A．Where B．Why C．WhichD．When
（ C ）6．A．at B．by C．around D．after
（ A ）7．A．of B．at C．after D．in
（ C ）8．A．neverB．hardly C．usually D．ever
（ A ）9．A．exercise B．to exercise C．exercising D．exercised
（ B ）10．A．cards B．games C．booksD．tricks
（ B ）11．A．haveB．are C．had D．were
（ D ）12．A．opened B．close C．closedD．open
（ D ）13．A．takeB．play C．learn D．watch
（ C ）14．A．office B．library C．supermarket D．park
（ A ）15．A．mealB．party C．drink D．gift
六、阅读单选
A
One day, John read an advertisement in a newspaper．It said, "Wanted．The best salesman in the world．"
John thought he was a great salesman and went to ask for the job．" "I' m the best salesman in the world," he said to
the manager．"Give me the job．"
"You must prove you're the best," the manager said．
"OK I will," John said．
"Good．" The manager took several boxes of sweets out of his desk．"Last week I bought a thousand boxes of
10新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
sweets．If yon can sell them all before the end of the week, you can have the job, " said the manager．
"That's easy, "John said．He took the boxes of sweets and left the office．
Every day and all day he went from shop to shop, trying to sell the sweets．But he couldn't sell one．The sweets
were too bad for him to sell．At the end of the week he went back to the manager．"I'm sorry, sir," he said, "I was
wrong about myself．I'm not the best salesman in the world, but I know who is．"
"Oh" said the manager．"Who?"
"The person who sold you a thousand boxes of the sweets．"
（ D ）1．The manager told John .
A．he could start work at once B．he was the best salesman in the world
C．he wasn't a good salesman D．he must show he was the best salesman in the world
（ A ）2．John could get the job if .
A．he sold a thousand boxes of sweets B．he gave away a thousand boxes of sweets
C．he sent the manager a thousand boxes of sweets D．he bought a thousand boxes of sweets from the
manager
（ C ）3．The right order(顺序） of the story is .
①John went to ask for the job. ②John told the manager who the best salesman really was.
③John read an advertisement in a newspaper. ④ John went to sell the sweets.
A．①②③④ , B．④③②① C．③①④②, D．③④①②
（ A ）4．From this story we can know that ．
A．John didn't get the job B．John was a good seller
C．the manager was a good seller D．the advertisement was a good one
（ B ）5．John couldn't sell the sweets because ．
A．he was not a good salesman B．the sweets were too bad
C．he wanted to send them to his friends D．nobody liked sweets
B
Tom , Jean, Jack and Lucy are talking about the movie theaters in the city .
My name’s Tom. I go to Movie Palace twice a month . It’s about two kilometers from my home . The
service is good . But the price of a ticket is a little expensive. I never go to Moon Cinema. It’s about 10
kilometers from my home.
I’m Jean. I go to Moon Cinema more often. There are often new movies on show and the screens are
big. Most importantly, the price is cheap. It’s always half the price for students , about 30 yuan . I go there
once a week.
I’m Jack . I live about 5 kilometers from Moon Cinema and 8 kilometers from Movie Palace. I think
11新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
the seats in Moon Cinema are hard and the music is too loud. So I prefer to go to Movie Palace. I go to
Movie Palace once a month .
I’m Lucy . I prefer to go to Movie Palace . It’s in the center of the city and is very modern . I like
shopping and there are some shopping centers around . I go there once a month .
（ C ）51．Who goes to a cinema once a month ?
A．Tom and Jean . B．Jean and Jack. C．Jack and Lucy. D．Lucy and Tom.
（ D ）52．How much is a full-price ticket in Moon Cinema ?
A．About 50 yuan. B．About 100 yuan.C．About 30 yuan . D．About 60 yuan.
（ D ）53．Why dose Tom never go to Moon Cinema ?
A．The ticket is expensive . B．The seats are hard .
C．The screens aren’t big . D．It’s far from his home .
（ C ）54．Jack’s home is ___________kilometers farther from Movie Palace than Tom’s .
A．3 B．5 C．6 D．10
（ B ）55．Which of the following is NOT true ?
A．Tom thinks the service in Movie Palace is good .
B．Jean and Jack prefer Movie Palace to Moon Cinema.
C．Lucy likes Movie Palace because she can go shopping .
D．Movie Palace is in the middle of the city .
七、阅读回答问题
Staying with a friend or family member is a great way to save some money when you travel. But how can
you be a great guest(客人）?
Be clear about who is going with you.
Don't say, "I'd like to come for a visit" if you mean, you'd better say, "I'd like to visit with my husband and two kids."
Keep an eye on your things.
Don't make your friend's home like staying in a hotel. When you're not in your room, you should make it clean and
tidy as usual.
Watch you children.
Before traveling, talk to your kids about their manners(礼仪）. Let them know what they should do and should not do.
Don't wish your hostess(女主人）to do all the work.
She may not want you to buy things or give some help at dinner time, but it's important to help her do some
12新人教八年级英语上册单元同步知识点与语法精讲精练
housework, like washing a few dishes or cleaning the table after dinner.
Bring or send a thank-you gift and follow up with a note.
The gift needn't to be expensive. If you don't have time to shop, take the family to dinner to show thanks. When you
get home, send a quick note to let them know how much you enjoy your stay.
56．What's the great way to save some money when you travel?
Staying with a friend or family member .
57．When do you need to talk to your kids about their manners?
Before travelin g .
58．What housework you'd better do after dinner?
Washing a few dishes or cleaning the tabl e .
59．How can you show thanks to you host family if you don't have time to shop?
Take the family to dinner to show thanks .
60．How many pieces of advice are given to be a great guest?
Fiv e .
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