专题 11 话题 7-社会行为准则
【知识梳理】
本单元以“社会行为准则”为话题，结合此话题就学校和家庭的各种规章制度进行了
论述。在本单元话题作文的命题过程中，命题人通常会让你就学校或家庭的某些规章制度
谈一谈自己的看法。写作时多用第一人称，时态主要用一般现在时，表达观点时要有理有
据，不能偏激。
“三步法”写谈论规则、闸述观点类的作文。
1．确定主题：引出要谈论的话题；
2．谈论规则：具体哪方面的规则；
3．阐述观点：赞成或者不赞成。
课文回顾：
1 . I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为不应该允许 16 岁的青
少年开车。
【句型剖析】宾语从句跟在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后，主句时态为一般现
在时，且主句主语是第一人称(I, we)，变否定句时，要否定主句，而不是从句，我们称之
为＂否定前移＂；变反意疑问句时，附加问句要与从句一致。
I think you are right. 我认为你是对的。
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你是不对的。I don’t think he is clever, is he? 我认为他
不聪明，是吗？
【助记】＂否定前移＂的4个常用词
我认为(think)猜想(suppose)不可相信(believe)，我期待着(expect)你的回答。
【句型剖析】allow v. 允许；准许
allow常用于以下结构中：
(1) allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
Mrs.Black doesn’t allow her son to play computer games on school nights.布莱克夫人不允许
她儿子在上学的夜晚玩电脑游戏。
(2) be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事
Passengers are not allowed to smoke. 乘客不允许吸烟。
(3) allow doing sth. 允许做某事
We don’t allow smoking in public places. 我们不允许在公共场所吸烟。
2 . Teenagers should be allowed to …青少年应该被允许 .. .
【句型剖析】（1）be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”，是含有情态动词的被动语
态。它的结构是：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。例如：
The work can be finished in two days. 这件工作可以在两天后完成。
（2）它的否定形式是在情态动词的后面加not。
Smoking can’t be allowed in the classroom. 吸烟在教室里是不被允许的。（3）一般疑问句是把情态动词提到句子开头。
Can your work be finished today? 你的工作今天能完成吗？
（4）动词短语allow somebody to do something的意思是“允许某人做某事”。
My parents allow me to go swimming after school. 我的父母允许我放学后去游泳。
3 . Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 16 岁的青少年应该被允许
打耳洞。
【句型剖析】 get their ears pierced 意为“打耳洞”，此处get用作使役动词，相当于make
或have, 意为 “使，让”。 “get/have + 宾语 + 过去分词”意为 “使某事被做”。其
中过去分词表示的动作往往是别人做的，与句子的主语无关。
I’m going to get my hair cut tonight. 我打算晚上去理发。
【扩展】①get sb. to do sth.(相当于let/make/have sb. do sth.)让某人去做某事
The teacher got me to fetch some chalk.老师让我去拿一些粉笔。
②get sb./sth. +形容词 让某人/某事处于某种状态
The girl got her room clean.女孩把她的房间收拾得很干净。
③get sth. done (过去分词) = have sth. done (过去分词)
I get my car mended. = I have my car mended. 我让别人修好我的车。
4.I regret talking back , not listening to Mom . 我后悔当初顶嘴而没有听妈妈的话
【句型剖析】regret 此处作及物动词，意为 “后悔；惋惜; 懊恼”，后可接名词、代词、
that或what引导的从句、动词-ing 形式或动词不定式作宾语。regret doing sth. 意为 “后
悔做了某事”，用于对做过的事感到后悔。
If you don't do it now, you'll only regret it.
如果你现在不做,你一定会后悔的。
I deeply regret what I said.我非常后悔说了那些话。
He never regrets spending time helping others.
他从不后悔花时间帮助别人。
【辨析】regret doing sth.与regret to do sth.
*regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔(已做)
I regret telling her what I thought. 我后悔告诉了她我的想法。
*regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
I regret to have to do it, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须做它,但我别无选择。
【扩展】与regret用法类似的动词:
try to do sth.努力/尽力做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事
mean to do sth.打算去做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事
forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
【句型剖析】safety n. 安全；安全性Safety comes first.We should obey the traffic rules to stay away from accidents on the road. 安全
是第一位的。在路上，我们应该遵守交通规则，远离交通事故。
in safety处于安全的状态。
The children are now in safety. 孩子们现在安全了。
【拓展】(1) safe adj. 安全的；无危险的；其反义词是 dangerous adj.危险的。
This place is very dangerous，and you should go to a safe place.这个地方很危险，你应该到一
个安全的地方。
(2) safely adv.安全地
We got to the small island safely finally. 我们最终安全地到达了小岛。
5 . But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork… 但有时这些会妨碍他们的学
业…
【句型剖析】get in the way of意为“阻碍，妨碍……”。例如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies.
她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。
【拓展】（1）in the way有“挡路”的意思，还有“用这种方法”的意思。例如：
Sorry, you are in the way. 对不起，你挡路了。
In this way，he has collected a great many stamps。
用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。
（2）on the way 意为“在去某地的路上”。例如：
On the way to the station，I bought some chocolate。
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
（3）by the way意为“顺便说一声”。例如：
By the way，have you seen Harry recently？
顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？
（4）in a way意为“从某种意义上说”。例如：
In a way，it is an important book。
在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。
6 . I was safe and kept me from danger. 我很安全，避免了危险。
【句型剖析】（1）keep用作及物动词，意为“保存；保留；保守”。例如：
Could you keep these letters for me, please?
你能替我保存这些信吗？
I’ll keep a seat for you. 我给你留个座位。
Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密吗？
（2）keep用作连系动词,后常接表语形容词，意为“保持处于某种状态”。例如：
You must look after yourself and keep healthy.
你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。
She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必须保持镇静。（3）keep的常用句型：
keep doing sth. 意为“继续干某事“，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动
词。
例如：
He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.
他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。
keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。例如：
The pupil kept on asking me the same question.
这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。
keep...from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如：
The heavy snow kept us from going out.
大雪使我们不能出去
7 . Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong, is a running star. 来自山东的 15 岁男孩刘
宇是一位跑步明星。
【句型剖析】fifteen-year-old 既可以作形容词，也可以作名词，意为“15 岁的（孩
子）”。
My pen pal is a sixteen -year-old boy. 我的笔友是16岁的男孩。
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
应该允许16岁的孩子选择自己的服装。
【拓展】 英语合成形容词主要有如下几类：
（1）数词+名词 a five-minute walk 一段步行五分钟的路程
（2）数词+名词+形容词 a six –year-old girl 一个六岁的女孩
（3）形容词+名词 a full-time school 一所全日制学校
（4）名词+现在分词/过去分词 an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家
8.We have nothing against running . 我们不反对赛跑。
【句型剖析】have nothing against (doing) sth.意为“不反对某事/做某事”。其中 against为
介词,意为“反对;违背”,其反义词为for,意为“支持”。
短语 be against doing sth.反对做某事
be for doing sth.赞成做某事
【拓展】against作介词,可用来表示位置,意为“倚;碰;撞”,也可表示“与......对抗”
The rain beat against the window.雨点敲打着窗户。
Jim is a tennis pro. I'm not sure I want to play against him!
杰姆是个职业网球选手,我当然不想跟他打啦!
9 . I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself. 我认为应该让我自己去做这个选择 。
【句型剖析】choice是名词,意为“选择;挑选”,其动词形式为choose。
We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着一个困难的抉择。【短语】make a choice / make choices做出选择
have no choice (but to do sth.)别无选择(只能做某事)
He has to make some important choices.他得做出一些重要的选择。
I have no choice but to leave.除了离开,我别无选择。
【归纳】 choose= make a choice,类似的结构有很多:
promise= make a promise承诺;答应
apologize= make an apology道歉
invite= make an invitation邀请
mistake= make a mistake出错;犯错误
wish=make a wish许愿
use=make (the) use of利用;运用
study=make a study of学习;研究
decide= make a decision做决定
10 . Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream. 只有那样 , 我才会有机会实现我的梦
想。
【句型剖析】本句是以only开头的部分倒装句,only意为“只有/直到......”.以only开头的部
分倒装句的结构为“Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他”
Only recently have I had time to read this book.(I have倒装为have I)
直到最近我才有时间读这本书。
Only by working hard can we succeed. (we can倒装为can we)
只有努力工作我们才能成功。
【注意】 ①当only位于句首修饰主语时,不用倒装。
Only Lily felt nervous.只有莉莉感到紧张。
②only所修饰的状语如果不在句首,则句子不倒装。
We will succeed only when we try our best.只有拼尽全力,我们才会赢。
【专题过关】
评卷人 得分
一、补全对话5选5
根据对话情景选择恰当的选项补全对话。
A: Hi, Linda. ____1____
B: I’m reading a newspaper.
A: ____2____
B: Yes, there is. It’s about a program for homeless children.
A: ____3____
B: Yes, of course. It teaches the children some skills and then helps them find jobs in the future.
A: Sounds great! ____4____B: They have some strict rules for the children to obey.
A: ____5____
B: They think it is wonderful. It can help them find good jobs and live on their own.
A．Can you tell me more about the program?
B．How do people manage it?
C．What are you doing?
D．What do the children think of the program?
E．Is there anything special in the newspaper?
评卷人 得分
二、完形填空
As the saying goes, “A hero is known in the time of misfortune (不幸)”. Zhong Nanshan is a
hero like this. He is a doctor in Guangdong, who ____6____ many people’s lives in 2003.
In 2003, SARS ____7____ in Guangdong. Later, it spread across China and other parts of
the world. Patients coughed a lot and got fevers. Hundreds of ____8____ even died from the
disease. Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated patients. So everyone was
afraid of it. But Zhong was ____9____ enough to fight against the disease. Zhong spent days and
nights to find the cause ____10____ the disease. And with his way of treating, many patients
began to get better. Zhong finally won people’s trust.
At the end of 2019, a disease called COVID-19 (新型冠状病毒肺炎) hit Wuhan. It spread so
____11____ that around tens of thousands of Chinese people were infected (感染). Zhong, 84,
led ____12____ team to Wuhan to fight the illness. Zhong’s team took many measures to cure
the patients with COVID-19. He advised people to wear masks, ____13____ hands frequently
(频繁地), stay at home and not to go to crowded places.
Zhong likes sports very much. ____14____ he was 67, he could still play basketball. Now at
the age of 84, Zhong still treats patients in the ____15____ with young doctors. “I am just a
doctor.” Zhong says. But we think he is a hero and a fighter.
6．A．helped B．saved C．liked D．influenced
7．A．took out B．found out C．gave out D．broke out
8．A．patients B．adults C．animals D．birds
9．A．kind B．poor C．brave D．silent
10．A．with B．to C．of D．in
11．A．quickly B．slowly C．safely D．luckily
12．A．my B．his C．her D．their
13．A．weigh B．pollute C．shake D．wash
14．A．When B．Although C．Unless D．Because
15．A．school B．library C．hospital D．supermarket评卷人 得分
三、阅读单选
阅读下面短文，选出能完成所给句子的最佳选项。
Bullying (欺凌) can happen to anyone. A great many children around the world are bullied
every year, but there are things that can be done to help.
What is bullying?
Bullying is when someone makes you feel bad or hurts you again and again. Bullying can
happen at school, out of school and online. Bullying includes:
●calling people mean (恶意的) names
●laughing at people
●telling lies about people
●taking someone’s things without permission (允许)
●not letting someone play in a group
●hitting people
What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying includes:
●sending bad messages online
●sharing photos online without permission
●not letting someone be part of an online group
●spreading lies online
What can you do?
If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult what you know and like. For example, talk to a
parent or a teacher.
If you get bad messages, don’t reply. You should save them and give them to your teacher,
your family, or the police. Ask an adult for help. Don’t share something before you make sure it is
true. That will help stop the cyberbullying.
Talk to your parents or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a
friend.
Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person. And
always remember: think about how to be kind in the future.
For more information, visit our home page at www.kidsworld.com.
16．According to the passage, the following are bullying EXCEPT _________.
A．calling people mean names B．hitting people
C．telling lies about people D．laughing with people17．Cyberbullying means bullying _________.
A．at school B．at home C．on the street D．on the Internet
18．When you get bad messages online, you should _________.
A．share them with friends B．give them to your teacher
C．reply to them at once D．keep them as your secrets
19．If you are not kind to someone, you should _________.
A．say sorry to that person B．talk about it in public
C．ask your parents to say sorry D．feel sad and keep quiet
20．This passage is mainly written for _________.
A．teachers B．parents C．children D．the police
Every school has its own set of rules to keep students disciplined (遵守纪律的). The rules
change from one school to another. Some schools are much stricter than others. There are also
some rules that look strange or funny to us. Here are some funny school rules.
In Japan, most schools demand (要求) that students wear uniforms, such as sports suits or
skirts. But many Japanese schools even regulate (规定) the colour of underwear (内衣)! They also
demand that girls’ white socks be folded in a certain way and boys’ heads be shaved (剃掉). And
Japanese schools also tell students that they may not date (约会), go to movies, leave home after
sunset or play video games without permission from the school.
In America, for safety at some schools, students must have a pair of indoor shoes to change
into at school every day. This makes sure students won’t fall over on the wet floors and keeps the
schools clean. Gum (口香糖) chewing is not allowed in many US school buildings, as it is
difficult to clean up. And if students chew gum in class, _______.
In Britain, strange hairstyles are not allowed in some schools. But they might allow students
to wear certain hairstyles during the World Cup years. Two students had a special design shaved
into their hair during 2014 World Cup. But they were not accepted by their school after that
because the school said the rules had changed since then.
21．The text mainly talks about _______ .
A．how foreign students keep themselves disciplined
B．how important school rules become
C．how strange some foreign school rules are
D．how foreign students get used to their school rules
22．In Japan, many schools don’t allow their students to _______ .
A．shave their heads B．date without permission
C．wear sports suits D．play basketball at home
23．Which is the best one to be put into the blank in the third paragraph?
A．it is hard to clean up as well B．they will make too much noise
C．it is unfair for the others who don’t D．they may not focus on their study24．In which country, students are allowed to wear certain hairstyles during the World Cup years?
A．China. B．America. C．Britain. D．Japan.
25．From the text we can infer (推断) _______.
A．different countries may have different school rules
B．some funny school rules are of real use
C．school rules in the UK are not very strict
D．school rules in Japan are better than those in the US
评卷人 得分
四、多任务混合阅读
Taking your dog for a walk can be fun to do. But (A) it can also be a danger to others.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), (B) over 10 million people in China are
bitten by dogs every year. People in Beijing and Shanghai have already been asked to keep their
dogs on a leash（皮带）. Later, a similar law（法律）is carried out across the country. It is listed
in the newly rewritten Animal Quarantine Law. The law has been in force since May 1, 2021.
The law centers on the prevention of rabies（狂犬病）. The rabies virus is mainly carried by
dogs. The law makes it clear that anyone who keeps dogs must regularly get them vaccinated（接
种疫苗）. Those who walk their dogs outdoors must keep their dogs on a leash to prevent them
from hurting people or spreading diseases（疾病）. Those who don’t follow the law will face a
fine（罚款）. (C) In the past, it was up to dog owners whether to get their dogs vaccinated or
not. This meant that if someone was bitten by a dog, he or she would have to go to a hospital and
get treated and vaccinated at once.
Gao Fu, head of China’s Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said it makes more sense
to vaccinate dogs than humans.
Many other diseases can also spread between a animals and humans. According to experts, 70
percent of animal diseases can be passed on to humans. And 75 percent of all new infectious
human diseases come from animals.
26．写出(A)处画线单词指代的内容。
__________________________________________________________
27．把文中(B)处画线句子翻译成汉语。
__________________________________________________________
28．把文中(C)处画线句子翻译成汉语。
__________________________________________________________
29．写出《动物防疫法》的聚焦点。
__________________________________________________________
30．简要概括本文大意。
__________________________________________________________评卷人 得分
五、短文首字母填空
How many of you do household chores at home? It’s reported that few teenagers would like
to spend time on them. In their opinion, it’s a complete w____31____ of time. Some even think
they should be taken good care of by their parents all the time. However, such life skills are really
necessary.
On June 3, 2020, the Ministry of Education (MOE) produced a document（文件）for high
schools. A____32____ to the document, labor education is listed as a compulsory（必修的）
c____33____ for high school students. It would be as i____34____ as the foreign language or
physics. And each of them takes sixcredits（学分）. Voluntary service, as part of labor education,
would take two credits. The MOE also asks schools to make sure students do 40 hours of
voluntary service d____35____ the full three school years.
A recent study shows that teenagers in China are doing very little housework. Primary and
middle school students spend only 12 minutes a day on chores, c____36____ to 72 minutes in the
US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France.
Parents think doing household chores would make students pay less a____37____ to their
schoolwork. In fact, it is very h____38____ for teenagers. Chores can not only teach teamwork
and problem-solving s____39____ but also give people a sense of pride. “Through such
education, students are expected to develop working abilities as well as a better u_____40_____
of the world,” said Zheng Fuzhi, vice-minister of the MOE.
评卷人 得分
六、看图作文
41．请结合下面两幅图片，以“How to behave at school?”为题写一篇短文。
要求：
1. 简要描述两幅图片，并谈谈自己在学校应该怎么做（至少两点）；
2. 80词左右，已给出部分不计入总词数。
参考词汇：beat，kick（踢），make fun of，respect（尊重），harmonious（和谐的）
How to behave at school?
There is something unpleasant happening at
school._________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
