人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
一、语法考点
（一）一般过去时
概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如
yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）、two days ago（两天前）等。
构成形式
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。例如：I visited my grandparents last
weekend.（我上周末看望了我的祖父母。）
否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：He didn't go to school
yesterday.（他昨天没去上学。）
一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否
定回答：No, 主语 + didn't. 例如：Did you go to the park yesterday? Yes, I did.
/ No, I didn't.（你昨天去公园了吗？是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。）
动词过去式变化规则
规则变化
一般在动词原形末尾加 -ed，如：look - looked，play - played。
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，直接加 -d，如：live - lived，hope -
hoped。
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ed，
如：stop - stopped，plan - planned。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -ed，如：study -
studied，carry - carried。
不规则变化：需特殊记忆，如：go - went，do - did，see - saw，have - had
等。（二）不定代词
概念：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
常见不定代词：something（某事；某物）、anything（任何事；任何物）、nothing
（没有什么）、someone（某人）、anyone（任何人）、no one（没有人）、everyone
（每个人）等。
用法
something 常用于肯定句中；anything 常用于否定句和疑问句中，但在表示请
求、建议，希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中用 something。
例如：I have something to tell you.（我有某事要告诉你。）
Do you have anything to say?（你有什么要说的吗？）
Would you like something to eat?（你想吃点什么吗？）
nothing 表示否定意义，相当于 “not...anything”。
例如：I saw nothing. = I didn't see anything.（我什么也没看见。）
someone、anyone、no one、everyone 等指人，它们的用法与 something、
anything 等类似。
例如：Someone is knocking at the door.（有人在敲门。）
Is there anyone in the classroom?（教室里有人吗？）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. pron. 任何人，常用于否定句和疑问句中。例如：Did you meet anyone
interesting?（你遇到有趣的人了吗？）
2. adj. 精彩的；绝妙的，可用来描述事物或经历。例如：We had a
wonderful time at the party.（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
3. adj. & pron. 不多；很少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义；a few 表示
“一些；几个”，表示肯定意义 。例如：Few people like snakes.（很少有人喜欢
蛇。） I have a few friends here.（我在这里有几个朋友。）4. 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数。例如：He has quite a few books.
（他有相当多的书。）
5. adj., adv. & pron. 最多；大多数；大部分，可以修饰名词、动词等。例
如： Most students like English.（大多数学生喜欢英语。）I like math most.（我最
喜欢数学。）
6. pron. 某事；某物，常用于肯定句。例如：There is something
wrong with my bike.（我的自行车出毛病了。）
7. pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西，表否定意义。例如：I have nothing
to do today.（我今天无事可做。）
8. pron. 每人；人人；所有人，强调整体。例如：Everyone is here today.
（今天每个人都在这儿。）
9. pron. 我自己，反身代词。例如：I can do it myself.（我能自己做这件事。）
10. pron. 你自己，反身代词，复数形式为 yourselves（你们自己）。例
如： Help yourself to some fruit.（请随便吃些水果。）
（二）重点短语
1. 去度假，等同于 “take a vacation”“have a vacation”。例如：
Where did you go on vacation?（你去哪里度假了？）
2. 待在家里。例如：I often stay at home on weekends.（我周末经常
待在家里。）
3. 去爬山。例如：We went to the mountains last Sunday.
（我们上周日去爬山了。）
4. 去海滩。例如：They like going to the beach in summer.（他们
夏天喜欢去海滩。）
5. 参观博物馆。例如：We visited some museums during the trip.
（我们在旅行中参观了一些博物馆。）
6. 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数。例如：He took quite a few photos.
（他拍了相当多的照片。）
7. 大部分时间。例如：I stayed at home and read books most of
the time.（我大部分时间都待在家里看书。）
8. 尝起来不错，“taste” 是系动词，后接形容词作表语。类似的系动词还
有 look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、feel（感觉起来）等。例如：The food
tastes good.（这食物尝起来不错。）
9. 玩得开心，等同于 “enjoy oneself”“have fun”。例如：We had
a good time at the party.（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）10. 当然。例如：— Can you help me? — Of course.（— 你能帮我吗？ —
当然。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — Did you go interesting on vacation?
— Yes, I went to Hangzhou.
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere
2. I didn't buy anything for . I think they're too expensive.
A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. themselves
3. — How was your vacation, Lily?
— . I had a great time.
A. Terrible B. Boring C. Wonderful D. Not good
4. There are people in the supermarket. It's so crowded.
A. few B. a few C. quite a few D. little
5. — Did you any photos in the mountains?
— Yes, I did.
A. take B. took C. taking D. takes
6. — Did you meet famous on your trip?
— No, I didn't.
A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one7. The food in that restaurant delicious. I like it very much.
A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. feels
8. — Where did you go last weekend?
— I at home and watched TV.
A. stay B. stayed C. stays D. am staying
9. — How many students are there in the classroom?
— . They are all on the playground.
A. No one B. None C. Someone D. Anyone
10. — Did you have a good time at the party?
— Yes, I did. I really enjoyed .
A. me B. myself C. mine D. I
11. My father didn't buy in the shop because the things were too expensive.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
12. — Did you go to the park with ?
— Yes, I went with my sister.
A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one
13. — What did you do last night?
— I a book about history.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
14. — How was your trip to the mountains?
— It was great, but we were a little .
A. boring B. bored C. interesting D. interested15. — Did you see in the room?
— No, I saw .
A. something; nothing B. anything; nothing
C. nothing; something D. anything; something
16. — I'm hungry. Is there to eat?
— Yes, there is some bread on the table.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
17. — Did you visit your grandparents last week?
— No, I . I visited my aunt.
A. didn't B. did C. don't D. do
18.— What did your mother do on vacation?
— She shopping and bought some clothes.
A. go B. goes C. went D. going
19. — How often do you go to the movies?
— . I'm always busy with my study.
A. Always B. Usually C. Sometimes D. Hardly ever
20. — I had a bad cold. I didn't go to school yesterday.
— .
A. I'm sorry to hear that B. That's all right
C. You're welcome D. Don't worry
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. I (go) to the park yesterday and had a good time there.2. My mother (not buy) anything for herself last week.
3. There are some (different) between the two pictures.
4. I really enjoyed (myself / ourselves) at the party last night.
5. Everyone in our class (like) reading books.
6. Tom (visit) his grandparents last weekend.
7. We decided (go) to the beach this summer vacation.
8. Did you have fun (play) basketball with your friends?
9. I found a little girl (cry) in the corner just now.
10. It was sunny and hot yesterday. We felt like (eat) ice - cream.
11. My father seems (be) very tired today. He needs to have a rest.
12. There (be) a lot of people in the supermarket yesterday.13. She (write) a letter to her friend last night.
14. The movie was so (bore) that I fell asleep in the cinema.
15. They (take) quite a few photos when they visited the Great Wall.
16. I'm (wonder) why he didn't come to school today.
17. We (not have) a party last night because it rained heavily.
18. He (try) his best to climb the mountain and he made it.
19. Look! There are some (duck) swimming in the river.
20. My sister practices (speak) English every day.
（三）阅读理解
Last summer vacation, I went to Beijing with my family. We visited many
interesting places. On the first day, we went to Tian'anmen Square. It was really
large and there were many people there. We took some photos. Then we went tothe Palace Museum. I learned a lot about Chinese history there. On the second
day, we visited the Great Wall. It was very long and wonderful. We walked on the
Great Wall for a long time. We were tired but happy. On the third day, we went
shopping. I bought some gifts for my friends. We had a great time in Beijing.
1. ( )Where did the writer go last summer vacation?
A. Shanghai. B. Beijing. C. Hangzhou. D. Guangzhou.
2. ( )What did they do on the first day?
A. They visited the Great Wall.
B. They went shopping.
C. They visited Tian'anmen Square and the Palace Museum.
D. They took a walk.
3. ( )How did they feel after walking on the Great Wall?
A. Tired and sad. B. Tired but happy. C. Relaxed. D. Bored.
4. ( )What did the writer do on the third day?
A. Bought some gifts. B. Took some photos.
C. Learned about Chinese history. D. Visited an interesting place.
5. ( )Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The writer went to Beijing alone.
B. They didn't take any photos.
C. They had a good time in Beijing.
D. They visited the Great Wall on the first day.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 2 Home sweet home
一、语法考点
（一）Can/Could 引导的请求与许可句型
1. 表示请求
①结构：Can/Could you please + 动词原形 + 其他？其中，Could you
please...? 比 Can you please...? 语气更委婉。
②回答：肯定回答常用 “Sure./Of course./No problem.” 等；否定回答常用
“Sorry, but...” 并说明理由。例如：Could you please sweep the floor?（你能
扫一下地吗？）Sure. I'll do it right away.（当然，我马上就
做。）
2. 表示请求许可
①结构：Can/Could I + 动词原形 + 其他？同样，Could I...? 语气更委婉。
②回答：肯定回答用 “Yes, you can.”；否定回答用 “Sorry, you can't.”
或“Sorry, but...”。例如：Could I hang out with my friends after school?
（放学后我能和朋友们出去玩吗？） Sorry, you can't. You have to
finish your homework first.（抱歉，你不能。你得先完成作业。）
（二）一般现在时表将来
在一些表示位移的动词（如 go, come, leave, arrive 等）中，常用一般现在时
表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，通常会有表示将来的时间状语。例如： The
train leaves at 6:30 tomorrow morning.（火车明天早上 6:30 发车。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. chore：可数名词，意为 “杂务；家务劳动” ，常用复数形式 chores。例
如：I have a lot of chores to do on weekends.（我周末有很多家务要
做。）2. sweep：动词，意为 “打扫；清扫”，过去式为 swept。常见短语 sweep
the
floor（扫地）。例如：My mother asks me to sweep the floor every day.
（妈妈让我每天扫地。）
3. floor：名词，意为 “地板；地面” 。也可表示 “楼层” ，英式英语中与序
数词连用时，the 常置于序数词前；美式英语中 the 常省略。例如：There
is a book on the floor.（地板上有一本书。）The library is on the
second
floor.（图书馆在二楼。）
4. borrow：动词，意为 “借；借用” ，常用结构 borrow sth. from sb.（从
某人那里借某物） 。例如：I often borrow books from the library.（我
经
常从图书馆借书。）
5. lend：动词，意为 “借给；借出” ，常用结构 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb.
sth.
（把某物借给某人） 。例如：Can you lend your pen to me? = Can you
lend me your pen?（你能把你的钢笔借给我吗？）
6. invite：动词，意为 “邀请” ，名词形式为 invitation。常见短语 invite
sb.
to do sth. （邀请某人做某事）；invite sb. to + 地点（邀请某人去某地） 。
例如：I want to invite my friends to my birthday party.（我想邀请我的
朋
友们参加我的生日派对。）
7. prepare：动词，意为 “使做好准备；把…… 准备好” ，常见短语 prepare
for（为…… 做准备）；prepare sth（. 准备某物） 。例如：We are
preparing
for the exam.（我们正在为考试做准备。）
8. reason：可数名词，意为 “原因；理由” 。例如：The reason for his
being
late is that he missed the bus.（他迟到的原因是错过了公交车。）9. neighbor：可数名词，意为 “邻居” 。例如：My neighbor is very kind.
（我的邻居非常友善。）
10. care：动词，意为 “在意；担忧；关心” ，常见短语 care about（关心；
在意）；care for（照顾；照料） 。例如：We should care about the
environment.（我们应该关心环境。）
（二）重点短语
1. help out：意为 “帮助分担工作、解决难题等” 。例如：I often help out
with housework at home.（我在家经常帮忙做家务。）
2. in order to：意为 “目的是；为了” ，后接动词原形，引导目的状语。例
如：He gets up early in order to catch the early bus.（他早起是为了赶上
早班车。）
3. depend on：意为 “依靠；信赖” 。例如：Children should not depend
too much on their parents.（孩子们不应该过于依赖他们的父母。）
4. take care of：意为 “照顾；照料” ，等同于 look after。例如：We
should take care of the old.（我们应该照顾老人。）
5. as a result：意为 “结果；因此” ，常位于句首，并用逗号与句子其他部
分隔开。例如：He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.（他
学习不努力。结果，他考试不及格。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择1. — Could you please the floor? It's dirty.
— Sure.
A. sweeping B. sweep C. to sweep D. swept
2. — Can I your bike?
— Sorry, I've lent it to Tom.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy
3. — I invite my friends to the party?
— Sure. But you should clean the room first.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Should
4. My mother often asks me the dishes after dinner.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. does
5. — Could you help me the books to the classroom?
— No problem.
A. take B. taking C. takes D. took
6. — What are you doing, Li Ming?
— I'm my pen. I can't find it.
A. looking at B. looking for C. looking after D. looking like
7. — Why didn't you go to the party last night?
— Because I had to my sick mother at home.
A. look at B. look up C. look for D. look after
8. — Could you please not noise here? The baby is sleeping.
— Sorry, we won't.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made9. My father home at 6:00 p.m. every day.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arrived D. will arrive
10. — Can I use your dictionary?
— . Here you are.
A. Of course not B. I'm sorry C. Of course D. No, you can't
11. — do you clean your room?
— Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
12.1W2.e should our parents. They work hard for us.
A. care about B. hear about C. talk about D. learn about
13. — Could you tell me how to get to the library?
— . I'm new here, too.
A. Sure B. I'm sorry C. No problem D. Of course
14. My sister often helps me my English.
A. with B. for C. in D. at
15. — Can I have some more bread?
— . There's still a lot left.
A. No, you can't B. Of course not C. Yes, you can D. That's all right
16. — Could you please pass me the book?
— .
A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't C. Sure. Here you are D. I can't17. He got up early catch the early bus.
A. in order to B. so that C. because D. because of
18. — Do you often do chores at home?
— Yes. I often the clothes.
A. do B. make C. fold D. take
19. — I leave now?
— No, you can't. You have to finish your work first.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Can
20. My neighbor is a kind woman. She often me with my problems.
A. helps B. help C. helping D. to help
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Could you please (clean) your room? It's a
mess.
2. My mother often asks me (help) her with housework.
3. I need (borrow) some money from my friend because I left my wallet
at home.
4. He (sweep) the floor an hour ago.
5. We should learn (take) care of ourselves.6. My sister is good at (fold) the clothes.
7. Could you please not (play) computer games? It's time to go to bed.
8. She often helps her mother (do) the dishes after dinner.
9. My father (not arrive) home until 8:00 p.m. yesterday.
10.We are looking forward to (invite) our friends to our new house.
11.It's important for us (learn) English well.
12.He is busy (prepare) for the exam these
days.
13.She (lend) her book to me last week.
14.My mother asked me (not make) noise in the library.
15.We should care more about (other).
16.I'm sorry for (be) late for class again.
17.My neighbor's son always helps me (carry) heavy things.18.She needs (buy) some new clothes for the party.
19.My father often tells me (clean) my room by myself.
20.They (go) to the park tomorrow if it doesn't rain.
（三）阅读理解
When we talk about home, we often think of its warmth and comfort. A
home is not just a building where we live; it's a place full of love and care.
In my family, we all do our part to make our home a better place. My
mother always keeps the house clean. She sweeps the floor and cleans the
rooms every day. She also cooks delicious meals for us. My father often helps
with the heavier chores. He takes out the rubbish and fixes things around the
house when they are broken.
As for me, I usually help with some small chores. I feed the fish and water
the plants. Sometimes, I also help my mother set the table before dinner. On
weekends, my parents and I often clean up the house together. We work as a
team, and it makes our home look tidy and beautiful.
We also like to decorate our home. We hang up photos of our family on
the walls. These photos show our happy moments together. We also put some
flowers in the living room. They make the house smell nice and feel more
comfortable.Home is where we feel safe and loved. We should all do something to
make our homes better.
1. ( )What does the writer think of home?
A. It's just a building.
B. It's a place full of love and comfort.
C. It's only a place to live.
D. It's a place with many chores.
2. ( )What does the writer's mother do at home?
A. She takes out the rubbish.
B. She fixes things around the house.
C. She keeps the house clean and cooks meals.
D. She feeds the fish and waters the plants.
3. ( )What small chores does the writer usually do?
A. He helps his mother clean the rooms.
B. He takes out the rubbish.
C. He feeds the fish and waters the plants.
D. He helps his father fix things.
4. ( )How do they make their home look tidy and beautiful?
A. They buy a lot of new furniture.
B. They clean up the house together on weekends.
C. They invite friends to help.
D. They only let the mother clean the house.
5. ( )Why do they hang up photos on the walls?
A. Because the photos show their happy moments together.
B. Because the photos are very expensive.
C. Because they want to make the house look bigger.
D. Because they like taking photos.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 3 Same or Different
一、语法考点
（一）形容词和副词的比较级
1. 构成规则
①一般在词尾加 -er。例如：tall - taller，fast - faster。
②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -r。例如：nice - nicer，fine - finer。
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -er。
例如：big - bigger，hot - hotter。
④以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -er。例如：
happy - happier，early - earlier。
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加 more。例如：interesting - more
interesting，outgoing - more outgoing。
2. 用法：表示两者之间的比较，常用 “比较级 + than” 结构。例如：My sister is taller
than me.（我姐姐比我高。）
3. 特殊句型
①“as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样”。例如：Tom is as tall
as Jack.（汤姆和杰克一样高。）
②“not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as” 表示 “不如……”。例如：This book
is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本书有趣。）
③“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示 “越来越……”。例如：It's getting colder
and colder.（天气越来越冷了。）
④“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”。例如：The more
you read, the more you know.（你读得越多，知道得就越多。）
（二）选择疑问句
1. 结构：一般疑问句 + or + 选择部分？例如：Do you like apples or bananas?
（你喜欢苹果还是香蕉？）2. 回答：不能用 yes 或 no 回答，需从提供的选项中选择其一进行回答。例如：
I like apples.（我喜欢苹果。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. outgoing：adj. 爱交际的；友好的；外向的。比较级为 more outgoing。例如：
She is more outgoing than her sister.（她比她姐姐更外向。）
2. better：adj. & adv. 较好的（地）；更好的（地），是 good/well 的比较级。
例如：This idea is better.（这个主意更好。）He plays basketball better than
me.
（他篮球打得比我好。）
3. loudly：adv. 喧闹地；大声地；响亮地。比较级为 more loudly。例如：Please
don't speak so loudly.（请不要这么大声说话。）
4. quietly：adv. 轻声地；轻柔地；安静地。比较级为 more quietly。例如：The baby
is sleeping. Please talk quietly.（宝宝在睡觉，请轻声说话。）
5. hard - working：adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的。比较级为 more hard - working。
例如：My classmates are all hard - working.（我的同学们都很勤奋。）
6. competition：n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争。例如：We will have a singing competition
next week.（下周我们将举行一场歌唱比赛。）
7. fantastic：adj. 极好的；了不起的。例如：We had a fantastic time at the party.
（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
8. which：pron. & adj. 哪一个；哪一些。例如：Which book do you like best?
（你最喜欢哪本书？）
9. clearly：adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地。比较级为 more clearly。例如：Speak
clearly so that everyone can hear you.（说清楚点，以便每个人都能听到你。）
10. win：v. 获胜；赢；赢得。过去式为 won。例如：Our team won the game.（我
们队赢了这场比赛。）
（二）重点短语
1. care about：关心；在意。例如：We should care about our friends.（我们应该
关心我们的朋友。）
2. be different from：与…… 不同。例如：My lifestyle is different from yours.
（我的生活方式和你的不同。）
3. as long as：只要；既然。例如：You can get good grades as long as you
study hard.（只要你努力学习，你就能取得好成绩。）4. bring out：使显现；使表现出。例如：This kind of music can bring out the
best in her.（这种音乐能激发出她最好的一面。）
5. the same as：和…… 相同；与…… 一致。例如：His bike is the same as mine.
（他的自行车和我的一样。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. My brother is than me. He likes talking with others.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. the most outgoing
2. — Who sings in your class?
— Li Ming does.
A. better B. best C. good D. well
3. My sister is as as her classmate Mary.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
4. — Which is , the sun, the moon or the earth?
— The moon.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
5. — Who runs in your school?
— Tom does.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast
6. — Is your friend than you?
— No, he is as as me.
A. thin; thin B. thinner; thinner C. thin; thinner D. thinner; thin7. My mother is than my father.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
8. — Which subject do you like , math or English?
— English.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
9. — What do you think of the movie?
— It's than the last one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
10. My friend is good at .
A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings
11. — Is Tom than Sam?
— No, he isn't. Sam is taller.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
12. — Who listens , Tom, Jack or Bill?
— Jack does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
13. My father is than my mother.
A. busy B. busier C. busiest D. the busiest
14. — Which city is , Beijing or Shanghai?
— It's hard to say.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful15. — Who writes in your class?
— Lily does.
A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully
16. My sister is than me at sports.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
17. — Which is , a bike, a bus or a car?
— A bike.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
18. My friend is than me. He always makes me laugh.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. the funniest
19. — Who plays the piano , Lucy or Lily?
— Lily does.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
20. My brother is at math than me.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. My sister is (outgoing) than me.
2. Who is (tall), Tom or Jack?
3. My mother is (busy) than my father.4. This book is (interesting) than that one.
5. He runs (fast) than his brother.
6. My friend is as (good) at English as me.
7. Who sings (loudly), Lucy or Lily?
8. My sister dances (well) than me.
9. Which subject do you like (well), math or English?
10.My father is (funny) than my mother.
11.The weather today is (hot) than yesterday.
12.My brother is (thin) than me.
13.Who is (quiet), Tom or Sam?
14.This movie is (boring) than that one.
15.My mother is (hard - working) than my father.16.He is (tall) of the three boys.
17.Which is (big), the sun, the moon or the earth?
18.My sister is (good) at math in her class.
19.Who runs (fast) in your school?
20.This book is (interesting) of the three.
（三）阅读理解
In modern society, people are becoming more and more concerned
about their health. There are different ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and
each person may choose the one that suits them best.
Tom is a 15 - year - old middle school student. He likes playing basketball
very much. He plays basketball with his classmates after school three times a
week. He believes that playing basketball not only helps him keep fit but also
improves his teamwork skills. He also eats a balanced diet. He always has a
glass of milk and an egg for breakfast. He eats plenty of fruits and vegetables
every day. He hardly ever eats junk food like hamburgers and chips.
On the other hand, Lily has a different way to stay healthy. She is very
interested in yoga. She goes to a yoga class twice a week. Yoga makes her
body more flexible and helps her relax. She also pays attention to her sleep.
She goes to bed before 10 o'clock every night and sleeps for about 8 hours.
She thinks a good sleep is very important for her health.Another student, Jack, likes running. He runs for half an hour every
morning. Running makes him energetic throughout the day. He also tries to
reduce his stress. He listens to music when he is tired, which helps him calm
down.
In conclusion, there are various ways to live a healthy life. Whether it's
through sports, a balanced diet, good sleep, or stress - reduction methods,
everyone can find their own path to health.
1. （ ）How often does Tom play basketball?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Four times a week.
2. （ ）What does Tom have for breakfast?
A. A glass of juice and an egg. B. A glass of milk and an egg.
C. A hamburger and a glass of milk. D. An apple and a glass of juice.
3. （）How often does Lily go to the yoga class?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week.
C. Three times a week. D. Every day.
4. （ ）What time does Lily go to bed?
A. Before 9 o'clock. B. Before 10 o'clock.
C. After 10 o'clock. D. After 11 o'clock.
5. （ ）How long does Jack run every morning?
A. For 15 minutes. B. For 20 minutes.
C. For 30 minutes. D. For 45 minutes.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
一、语法考点
（一）形容词和副词的最高级
1. 构成规则
①一般在词尾加 -est。例如：tall - tallest，short - shortest。
②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -st。例如：nice - nicest，fine - finest。
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -est。
例如：big - biggest，hot - hottest。
④以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -est。例如：
happy - happiest，early - earliest。
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加 most。例如： interesting -
most interesting，outgoing - most outgoing。
2. 用法：用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示 “最……”。常与表示范围的短语或从句
连用，如 in...（在…… 范围内）、of...（在…… 之中）等。
①形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前 the 可省略。例如：
He is the tallest boy in our class.（他是我们班最高的男孩。）
She runs (the) fastest in her school.（她在学校里跑得最快。）
②常见句型：
“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 表示 “最…… 之一”。
例如：The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in the world.
（长城是世界上最著名的地方之一。）
“Which/Who... + 最高级，A, B or C?” 用于在三者或三者以上中进行
选择。例如：Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
（太阳、月亮和地球，哪一个最大？）
（二）倍数表达法1. “A + be + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + B” 表示 “A 是 B 的几倍”。例如：
This room is three times as big as that one.（这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。）
2. “A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B” 表示 “A 比 B 大 / 长 / 高等
几倍”。例如：The Yangtze River is about twice longer than the Pearl River.（长
江大约比珠江长两倍。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. adj. 令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（或惊羡、惊叹）的。常用来修饰
物。例如：The movie has an amazing ending.（这部电影有一个令人惊叹的结
局。）
2. old 的最高级，意为 “最古老的；年纪最大的”。例如：This is the oldest
building in the city.（这是这座城市里最古老的建筑。）
3. heavy 的最高级，意为 “最重的”。例如：The elephant is the
heaviest animal on land.（大象是陆地上最重的动物。）
4. fast 的最高级，意为 “最快的”。例如：The cheetah is the fastest
animal on land.（猎豹是陆地上跑得最快的动物。）
5. beautiful 的最高级，意为 “最美丽的”。例如：She is the most
beautiful girl in our school.（她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩。）
6. adj. 受欢迎的；普遍的；流行的。比较级为 more popular，最高级
为 most popular。例如：Football is a very popular sport.（足球是一项非常受
欢迎的运动。）
7. adj. 有用的；有益的。比较级为 more useful，最高级为 most useful。
例如：A dictionary is a useful tool for learning languages.（字典是学习语言的有
用工具。）
8. v. 创造；创作；创建。例如：The artist created a beautiful painting.
（这位艺术家创作了一幅美丽的画作。）
9. v. 交流； 沟通。名词形式为 communication。例如： We
communicate with each other by email.（我们通过电子邮件相互交流。）
10. v. 保护；防护。例如：We should protect the environment.（我们应
该保护环境。）
（二）重点短语
1. 表示 “最…… 之一”。例如：China
is one of the largest countries in the world.（中国是世界上最大的国家之一。）2.
在世界上。例如：What's the biggest animal in the world?（世
界上最大的动物是什么？）
3.
在…… 中起重要作用。例如：Trees play an
important part in keeping the air clean.（树木在保持空气清洁方面起着重要作
用。）
4. 因为；由于。后接名词、代词或动名词。例如：He didn't go to school
because of his illness.（他因为生病没去上学。）
5. 照顾；照料。等同于 take care of。例如：We should look after
our parents when they are old.（父母年老时我们应该照顾他们。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. The blue whale is animal in the world.
A. the largest B. largest C. larger D. large
2. Which is , the sun, the moon or the earth?
A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. biggest
3. This is one of books in our library.
A. the most popular B. most popular C. more popular D. popular
4. My sister runs in her class.
A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest
5. Which city is , Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful D. most beautiful
6. The cheetah runs among all land animals.
A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest7. This is interesting story I have ever heard.
A. the more B. more C. the most D. most
8. He is student in our class.
A. good B. better C. best D. the
best
9. Which is season in your hometown?
A. good B. better C. the best D. best
10. The Yellow River is one of rivers in China.
A. long B. longer C. the longest D. longest
11. The movie is than that one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
12. She is girl in our school.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
13. Which subject do you like , math, English or Chinese?
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
14. The book is of all.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
15. This is expensive shirt in the shop.
A. an B. a C. the most D. most16. My mother is in my family.
A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. busiest
17. Which is , a bike, a car or a plane?
A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest
18. The weather in Beijing is than that in Guangzhou in winter.
A. cold B. colder C. coldest D. the coldest
19. He is boy in our class.
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
20.2W0.hich is mountain in the world?
A. high B. higher C. the highest D.
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. The redwood tree is one of the (tall) trees in the world.
2. Among all the animals, the blue whale is the (heavy).
3. Which is the (large), the sun, the moon or the earth?
4. I think pandas are the (cute) animals in the world.
5. The cheetah runs the (fast) among all land animals.6. Which do you think is the (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus
flower?
7. Look at that butterfly! It has the (colorful) wings.
8. Which animal jumps the (far), the rabbit, the frog or the kangaroo?
9. The elephant birds were the (large) and (heavy) birds ever on
earth.
10.The ginkgo tree is one of the (ancient) living trees on earth.
11. Many Chinese believe that the old g inkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in
Shaanxi Province is the (old).
12. The ginkgo tree is one of the (popular) trees in streets, parks, and
gardens across China.
13.1B3e.es are one of the (important) animals on this planet.
14.1B4e.es are also one of the (interesting) animals in the world.
15.1I 5fe.lt (disappointed) when my favourite flowers died.16.1A6f.ter the rain, some mushrooms (appear) in the garden.
17.1In7 .my hometown, people often use bamboo baskets to (store) food.
18.1W8.hat did you put in your luggage? It (weigh) a ton.
19.1I 9c.an't (imagine) my life without my pets. They mean a lot to me.
20.2M0.any people know that frogs help to (protect) farms by eating
（三）阅读理解
Dolphins are one of the most amazing animals in the ocean. They are very
smart and friendly. Dolphins have a special way of communicating with each
other. They use sounds like clicks and whistles to talk. Scientists believe that
these sounds can carry different messages, such as warnings, greetings, or
information about food.
Dolphins are also excellent swimmers. They can swim at high speeds and
jump out of the water in a very beautiful way. Their bodies are designed for
swimming, with a streamlined shape that helps them move quickly through
the water.
In addition, dolphins are social animals. They live in groups called pods. In
a pod, dolphins help each other. For example, when a dolphin is sick or
injured, other dolphins will support it and help it to the surface to breathe.
Dolphins are very important to the ocean ecosystem. They eat fish and
squid, which helps to keep the populations of these animals in balance. Also,
they are a popular attraction for tourists. Many people go to the sea to watch
dolphins play and swim.However, dolphins are facing some problems. Pollution in the ocean is
making their living environment worse. Some dolphins are caught in fishing
nets and get hurt. We should take action to protect these lovely animals and
keep the ocean clean.
1. （ ）How do dolphins communicate with each other?
A. By using body language.
B. By making sounds like clicks and whistles.
C. By sending signals with their tails.
D. By changing the color of their bodies.
2. （ ）Why are dolphins good at swimming?
A. Because they have long tails.
B. Because they like swimming very much.
C. Because their bodies are in a streamlined shape.
D. Because they live in the ocean.
3. （）What does the underlined word “pods” mean in Chinese?
A. 洞穴B. 家族C. 群体D. 部落
4. （ ）Why are dolphins important to the ocean ecosystem?
A. Because they can make the ocean more beautiful.
B. Because they can help fishermen catch fish.
C. Because they can keep the populations of some animals in balance.
D. Because they can clean the ocean.
5. （ ）What problems are dolphins facing?
A. There is not enough food for them in the ocean.
B. Pollution is making their living environment worse and some are caught
in fishing nets.
C. They have no friends in the ocean.
D. People don't like them anymore.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!
一、语法考点
（一）感叹句
1. What 引导的感叹句
①结构：What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 (+ 主语 + 谓语)!
例如：What a beautiful girl (she is)!（她是个多么漂亮的女孩啊！）
②What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓
语)! 例如：What delicious cakes (they are)!（它们是多么美味的蛋糕
啊！） What fine weather (it is)!（多好的天气啊！）
2. How 引导的感叹句
结构：How + 形容词 / 副词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! 例如：How beautiful
the girl is!（这个女孩多漂亮啊！）How fast he runs!（他跑得真快
啊！）
3. What 和 How 引导感叹句的转换：What 引导的感叹句和 How 引导
的感叹句在一定情况下可以相互转换。例如：What a clever boy he is!
= How clever the boy is!（他是个多么聪明的男孩啊！）
（二）祈使句
1. 肯定祈使句：以动词原形开头，表示请求、命令、建议等。例如：Open the
door, please.（请打开门。）2. 否定祈使句：在动词原形前加 Don't，表示禁止、劝阻等。例如：Don't
be
late for school.（上学不要迟到。）
3. Let 型祈使句：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分。Let's 表示 “让我
们”，包括说话者和听话者；Let us 表示 “让我们”，不包括听话者。例如：
Let's go to the park.（我们去公园吧。）Let us have a rest.（让我们休息
一下吧。）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. n. 胡椒粉；辣椒。例如：Add some pepper to the soup. （往汤
里加些胡椒粉。）
2. cut：v. 切；割；砍。过去式和过去分词均为 cut。常见短语 cut up（切
碎）。例如：Cut up the tomatoes.（把西红柿切碎。）
3. mix ：v. 混合；融合。常见短语 mix...with... （把…… 和…… 混合）。例如：
Mix the flour with the water.（把面粉和水混合。）
4. bake：v. 烤；烘焙。例如：Bake the cake in the oven.（把蛋糕放进烤
箱
里烤。）
5. pour：v. 倒；倾倒。常见短语 pour...into...（把…… 倒入……）。例如：
Pour the milk into the glass.（把牛奶倒入玻璃杯里。）
6. boil：v. 煮沸；烧开。例如：Boil the water before you drink it.（喝水之
前把水烧开。）
7. ingredient：n. 材料；原料；成分。例如：What are the ingredients of
this
dish?（这道菜的原料是什么？）8. finally：adv. 最后；最终。相当于 at last 或 in the end。例如：Finally,
we got to the top of the mountain.（最后，我们到达了山顶。）
9. smell：v. 闻起来；发出…… 气味；n. 气味。例如：The flowers smell sweet.
（这些花闻起来很香。）The smell of the food is delicious.（食物的气味
很香。）
10. memory：n. 记忆；回忆。复数形式为 memories。例如：I have many
good memories of my childhood.（我有很多童年的美好回忆。）
（二）重点短语
1. cut up：切碎。例如：Cut up the onions and put them in the pan.（把
洋葱切碎，放到锅里。）
2. pour...into...：把…… 倒入……。例如：Pour the juice into the bottle.
（把果汁倒入瓶子里。）
3. mix...with...：把…… 和…… 混合。例如：Mix the eggs with the flour.
（把鸡蛋和面粉混合在一起。）
4. add...to...：把…… 加到…… 上 / 里。例如：Add some sugar to the coffee.
（往咖啡里加些糖。）
5. a piece of：一片 / 块 / 张等。例如：a piece of bread（一片面包），
a piece of paper（一张纸）。
6. a cup of：一杯。例如：a cup of tea（一杯茶），a cup of coffee（一杯
咖啡）。
7. a bowl of：一碗。例如：a bowl of rice（一碗米饭），a bowl of noodles
（一碗面条）。8. in the end：最后；终于。相当于 finally 或 at last。例如：In the end,
he passed the exam.（最后，他通过了考试。）
9. first of all：首先。例如：First of all, let's listen to the song.（首先，让
我们听这首歌。）
10. thanks to：多亏；由于。例如：Thanks to your help, I finished the
work on time.（多亏了你的帮助，我按时完成了工作。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — beautiful girl she is!
— Yes, you are right.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
2. — delicious the soup is!
— Really? I'm glad you like it.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. — interesting story it is!
— I agree with you.
A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
4. — fast the boy runs!
— He will be a good runner.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
5. — bad weather it is!
— We can't go hiking.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a6. — lovely day! Let's go for a walk.
— Good idea.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
7. — wonderful news it is!
— We are all excited.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
8. — nice flowers! Where did you buy them?
— In the flower market.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
9. — clever the boy is!
— He can solve the problem easily.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
10.— useful book it is!
— I want to buy one too.
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
11.— careful when you cross the road.
— OK, I will.
A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Is
12.— late for school again.
— Sorry, I won't.
A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not D. Not be13.— Let's to the park this weekend.
— Good idea.
A. go B. goes C. going D. to go
14.— Please the TV. It's time to go to bed.
— OK, Dad.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
15.— some salt to the soup, please.
— OK.
A. Add B. Put C. Pour D. Mix
16.— You should the tomatoes before you cook them.
A. cut down B. cut up C. cut off D. cut out
17.— Can you teach me how to a cake?
— Sure. It's easy.
A. do B. make C. cook D. bake
18.— Don't forget to the milk into the blender.
— OK, I won't.
A. pour B. put C. take D. bring
19.— We need to the vegetables before we eat them.
A. wash B. buy C. cut D. cook
20.— do we need to make the soup?
— We need some tomatoes, onions and salt.
A. What B. How C. Where D. When（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. (not be) late for class again.
2. (mix) the flour with the water, and then you can make noodles.
3. How (beauty) the flowers are!
4. What a (love) girl she is!
5. (pour) the milk into the glass, please.
6. First, cut the tomatoes into (piece).
7. Let's (go) shopping this afternoon.
8. The food smells (good).
9. Finally, add some (salt) to the soup.
10.We need two (tomato) to make the salad.
11.How (excite) the news is!12.What an (interest) book it is!
13. (bake) the cake in the oven for 30 minutes.
14.Cut up the potatoes and then (boil) them.
15.The soup tastes (well).
16.We should wash the vegetables (one) before cooking.
17.My mother often (cook) delicious food for us.
18.Let (we) make a banana milk shake.
19.What (a) delicious meal it is!
20.How (quick) he runs!
（三）阅读理解
Food is an important part of our lives. It not only gives us energy but also
brings people together. Different countries have different food cultures.
In Italy, pizza is one of the most popular foods. It has a long history. The
first pizza was made in Naples, a city in Italy. Pizzas are usually round, and theycome in different flavors. Some have tomatoes, cheese, and herbs, while
others may have meat, vegetables, or fruits on them. People all over the world
love Italian pizza.
China has a rich food culture too. Dumplings are a traditional Chinese
food, especially popular during the Spring Festival. They are made of flour,
meat, and vegetables. People usually make dumplings together with their
families. It's a great way to show love and share happiness. There are also
many other delicious Chinese foods like noodles, Peking duck, and hot pot.
Each region in China has its own special dishes.
In Thailand, the food is known for its strong and spicy flavors. Tom Yum
Goong is a famous Thai soup. It has shrimp, lemongrass, lime juice, and chili
peppers. The combination of these ingredients makes the soup taste really
special. Thai food often uses fresh herbs and spices, which gives it a unique
flavor.
Food can also tell us about a country's history, traditions, and values. It's a
way to experience different cultures without traveling too far. We can learn a
lot from the food we eat.
1. （ ）What is one of the most popular foods in Italy?
A. Dumplings. B. Pizza.
C. Tom Yum Goong. D. Peking duck.
2. （ ）When are dumplings especially popular in China?
A. During the Mid - Autumn Festival. B. During the Dragon Boat Festival.
C. During the Spring Festival. D. During Christmas.3. （ ）What is Tom Yum Goong?
A. A kind of pizza. B. A traditional Chinese food.
C. A famous Thai soup. D. A kind of dumpling.
4. （ ）What makes Thai food taste special?
A. It uses a lot of meat. B. It uses fresh herbs and spices.
C. It is very sweet. D. It is made with flour.
5. （ ）What can food tell us?
A. Only about a country's history.
B. A country's history, traditions, and values.
C. Only about a country's traditions.
D. Only about a country's values.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 6 Plan for Yourself
一、语法考点
（一）be going to 结构
1. 含义：表示打算、计划或准备要做某事，也可表示根据现有迹象推测即将
发生的事情。
2. 构成：be（am/is/are）+ going to + 动词原形。例如：I am going to
visit my grandparents this weekend.（我打算这个周末去看望我的祖父
母。） It's going to rain. Look at the dark clouds.（要下雨了。看那些乌
云。）
3. 一般疑问句：将 be 动词提到主语前。肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be. 否定
回答：No, 主 语 + be not. 例 如 ：Are you going to play basketball
after school?（你放学后打算打篮球吗？）Yes, I am.（是的，我打算
打。）No, I'm not.（不，我不打算打。）
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其
他？ 例如：What are you going to do tomorrow?（你明天打算做什
么？）
（二）want to do sth. 结构
1. 含义：表示 “想要做某事”，表达主语的意愿或想法。
2. 用法：want 后接动词不定式作宾语。例如：I want to be a teacher
when I grow up.（我长大后想成为一名教师。）She wants to buy a newdress.
（她想买一条新裙子。）二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. n. 工程师。常见短语：computer engineer（计算机工程
师）， mechanical engineer（机械工程师）。例如：My brother is an
engineer. He designs buildings.（我哥哥是一名工程师。他设计建筑
物。）
2. n. 飞行员。例如：He always dreams of being a pilot and flying
in the sky.（他一直梦想成为一名飞行员，在天空中翱翔。）
3. n. 小提琴手。由 violin（小提琴） + -ist（表示 “人” 的后缀）
构成。例如：The violinist played a beautiful piece of music.（这位小提
琴手演奏了一首美妙的乐曲。）
4. n. 驾驶员；司机。drive（驾驶）的名词形式。例如：My father
is a driver. He drives a bus.（我父亲是一名司机。他开公交车。）
5. n. 钢琴家。由 piano（钢琴） + -ist（表示 “人” 的后缀）构
成。例如：Lang Lang is a famous pianist.（郎朗是一位著名的钢琴家。）
6. n. 科学家。science（科学）的名词形式，-ist 表示 “人”。例
如：Edison was a great scientist.（爱迪生是一位伟大的科学家。）
7. n. 学院；大学；高等专科学校。例如：He is going to college
next year.（他明年要上大学。）
8. n. 教育。educate（教育）的名词形式。例如：Education is
very important for a country.（教育对一个国家非常重要。）9. n. 药；医学。常见短语：take medicine （吃药）。例如：You
should take the medicine three times a day.（你应该一天吃三次药。）
10.n. 综合性大学。例如：He studies in Peking University. （他
在北京大学学习。）
（二）重点短语
1. 长大；成熟；成长。例如：What do you want to be when you
grow up?（你长大后想成为什么？）
2. 打算；计划。后接动词原形，表示将来的计划或意图。例
如：I'm going to visit my aunt this weekend.（我打算这个周末去看望我
的姑姑。）
3. 计算机程序设计员；编程人员。例如：My cousin
wants to be a computer programmer.（我的表弟想成为一名计算机程序
设计员。）
4. 上表演课。例如：She is going to take acting lessons
to become an actress.（她打算上表演课，以便成为一名女演员。）
5. 学医。例如： He is going to study medicine at a
university.（他打算在大学里学医。）
6. 确保；查明。后常接从句或 of 短语。例如：Make sure you
turn off the lights before you leave.（离开前确保你关掉了灯。）
7. 擅长；在…… 方面做得好。后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形
式。例如：She is good at dancing.（她擅长跳舞。）8. 继续做某事。例如：Keep on studying hard, and
you will get good grades.（继续努力学习，你会取得好成绩的。）
9. 开始从事；占用（时间、空间等）。例如：I want to take up
a new hobby.（我想培养一项新爱好。）
10. 写下；记录下。例如：Please write down your name and
address.（请写下你的姓名和地址。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — What does your brother want to be when he ?
— He wants to be a doctor.
A. wakes up B. grows up C. stands up D. hurries up
2. — are you going to be a good teacher?
— I'm going to study education.
A. How B. What C. When D.
Where
3. My sister wants to be engineer when she grows up.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. — Are you going to football this afternoon?
— Yes, I am.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. played
5. He is going to a new hobby like painting.
A. take off B. take up C. take out D. take away6. — What's your dream job?
— I want to be a and play the piano in concerts.
A. pianist B. violinist C. singer D. scientist
7. — Is she going to study ?
— Yes. She wants to be a doctor.
A. medicine B. education C. science D. math
8. — is he going to move?
— He's going to move to Shanghai.
A. How B. What C. When D. Where
9. My mother is good at cakes. They taste delicious.
A. make B. makes C. making D. to make
10. — do you want to be an actor?
— Because I like acting.
A. Why B. What C. How D. When
11. She is going to a famous singer.
A. is B. be C. are D. am
12. My friend wants a teacher.
A. be B. to be C. being D. is
13. — What are you going to do tomorrow?
— I'm going to my grandparents.
A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. visited14. They are going to a party next week.
A. have B. has C. having D. had
15. — is he going to start?
— Next month.
A. How B. What C. When D. Where
16. I'm going to keep on English every day.
A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to
practice
17.1M7.y father is a . He drives a taxi.
A. driver B. teacher C. doctor D.
18. She wants to be a . She likes to draw
pictures. A. singer B. dancer C. painter D. writer
19. — Are you going to play basketball ?
— Yes, I am.
A. now B. yesterday C. tomorrow D. last week
20. He is going to study hard get good grades.
A. so B. in order to C. because D. but
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. My sister wants (be) a singer when she grows up.
2. He is going to (study) hard for the test.3. They are good at (play) basketball.
4. My mother often makes me (clean) my room.
5. She is going to take (act) lessons to be an actress.
6. My brother wants to be a (science) when he grows up.
7. I'm going to keep on (write) stories.
8. He is going to (move) to Beijing next year.
9. She wants to be a (piano). She likes playing the piano.
10.My father is a (drive). He drives a car.
11.They are going to (have) a party tomorrow.
12.I'm going to study (educate) in the future.
13.She is going to work hard (make) her dream come true.
14.My friend wants to be a (violin). He likes playing the violin.15.We are going to (visit) the museum next week.
16.He is going to take up a new hobby like (swim).
17.My mother asks me (help) her with housework.
18.She is going to study math (well) than before.
19.My father is going to (find) a new job.
20.I'm going to (start) a new study plan next week.
（三）阅读理解
梦想职业与计划
In our class, everyone has a dream job. Li Ming wants to be a computer
programmer. He is good at math and enjoys writing computer programs. He is
going to study computer science at a university. He plans to get a part - time
job to make some money and buy a good computer. He believes that with a
good computer, he can practice writing programs better.
Wang Mei dreams of being a teacher. She loves children and is patient
with them. She is going to study education at college. She also wants to getsome teaching experience by working as a volunteer in a primary school
during her holidays. She hopes to be a popular teacher in the future.
Zhang Hua wants to be a doctor. He thinks doctors can help sick people.
He is going to study medicine at a medical university. After graduating, he
plans to work in a big hospital to gain more experience. He also wants to learn
some foreign languages so that he can read medical books from other
countries.
1. （ ）What does Li Ming want to be?
A. A teacher. B. A doctor.
C. A computer programmer. D. A volunteer.
2. （ ）How is Li Ming going to achieve his
dream? A. By studying education at college.
B. By studying computer science at a university and buying a good computer.
C. By working in a big hospital.
D. By working as a volunteer in a primary school.
3. （ ）Why does Wang Mei want to be a teacher?
A. Because she is good at math.
B.Because she likes helping sick people.
C. Because she loves children and is patient with
them. D. Because she wants to make a lot of money.
4. （ ）Where does Zhang Hua plan to work after graduating?
A. In a big hospital. B. In a primary school.
C. In a computer company. D. In a foreign country.5. （ ）What do Li Ming, Wang Mei and Zhang Hua have in common?
A. They all want to make a lot of money.
B. They are all going to study at a university.
C. They all like helping others.
D. They all want to be famous.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes
一、语法考点
（一）一般将来时
1. 含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或
反复发生的动作。
2. 构成形式
①常用来表示纯粹的将来，含有 “预见”“意愿” 等
含义。例如：I will go to Beijing tomorrow（. 我明天将去北京。）He
will
help you if you ask him.（如果你请求他，他会帮助你。）
②表示打算、计划或准备要做某事，也可
表示根据现有迹象推测即将发生的事情 。例如：She is going to visit
her grandparents this weekend. （她打算这个周末去看望她的祖父母。）
Look at the clouds. It's going to rain.（看那些云。要下雨了。）
3. 一般将来时的句型转换
①主语 + will/be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：They
will play basketball after school.（他们放学后将打篮球。）He is
going
to buy a new book.（他打算买一本新书。）
② 主语 + won't/be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：
I won't go shopping tomorrow（. 我明天不去购物。）She isn't
going to
visit her aunt.（她不打算去看望她的姑姑。）③Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？肯定回答：Yes, 主
语 + will. 否定回答：No, 主语 + won't. 例如：Will you go to the
park tomorrow? （你明天会去公园吗？）Yes, I will. （是的，我会去。）
No, I won't.（不，我不会去。）
④特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？特
殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？例如：
What will you do tomorrow?（你明天打算做什么？）Where are you
going to visit?（你打算去哪里参观？）
（二）There be 句型的一般将来时
1. 结构：There will be... 或 There is/are going to be...，表示 “将会有……”。
2. 区别：There will be 更强调客观上将来会有；There is/are going to be
表示根据计划、安排或迹象推测将来会有 。例如：There will be a
meeting tomorrow.（明天将会有一个会议。）There are going to be
more trees in our school.（我们学校将会有更多的树。）
3. 句型转换
There won't be.../ There isn't/aren't going to be... 例如：
There won't be a party tonight（. 今晚不会有派对。）There aren't
going
to be any books on the desk.（桌子上不会有任何书。）
Will there be...? / Is/Are there going to be...? 例如：
Will there be a sports meeting next week?（下周会有运动会吗？）
Arethere going to be more people in the city?（城市里将会有更多的人
吗？）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. n. 将来；未来。常见短语：in the future（在将来）；in future
（今后；从今以后）。例如：I want to be a doctor in the future.（我将
来想成为一名医生。）You should be more careful in future.（你今后应
该更小心。）
2. n. 污染；污染物。pollute（v. 污染）的名词形式。例如：Air
pollution is a big problem.（空气污染是个大问题。）
3. n. 环境。例如：We should protect our environment.
（我们应该保护我们的环境。）
4. n. 行星。例如：The earth is a planet.（地球是一颗行星。）
5. n. 和平。例如：We all love peace.（我们都热爱和平。）
6. n. 宇航员；航天员。例如：He dreams of being an astronaut.
（他梦想成为一名宇航员。）
7. n. 公寓套房。例如：They live in an apartment.（他们住在
一套公寓里。）
8. n. 火箭。例如：Rockets can send satellites into space.（火箭
能把卫星送入太空。）
9. n. 太空；空间。例如：We can see many stars in space.（我们
能在太空中看到许多星星。）10.1n0. . 人；人类。复数形式为 humans 。例如：Humans should live
in harmony with nature.（人类应该与自然和谐相处。）
（二）重点短语
1. 在将来。例如：What will you do in the future?（你将来
会做什么？）
2. 活到…… 岁。例如：My grandfather lived to be 90 years old.
（我的祖父活到了 90 岁。）
3. 许多；大量；成百上千。例如：There are hundreds of
books in the library.（图书馆里有数百本书。）
4. 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌。例如：Be careful not to fall down.
（小心别摔倒。）
5. 寻找。强调寻找的动作。例如：I'm looking for my keys.（我
在找我的钥匙。）
6. 飞向；飞往。例如：He will fly to Shanghai tomorrow.（他明天
将飞往上海。）
7. 处于危险之中。例如：Many animals are in danger.（许多
动物处于危险之中。）
8. 多次；反复地。例如：He read the story over and
over again.（他反复读这个故事。）
9. 感到厌烦。例如：I get bored when I watch the same
movie again.（当我再次看同一部电影时，我感到厌烦。）10. 醒来。例如：I usually wake up at 6:30 in the morning.（我
通常早上 6:30 醒来。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — will the weather be like tomorrow?
— It will be sunny.
A. What B. How C. When D. Where
2. There a basketball game between Class 1 and Class 3 tomorrow.
A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. are going to be
3. — you free tomorrow?
— No. I free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
4. He very busy this week, but he free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
5. There are people in the park on weekends.
A. hundreds of B. hundred of C. three hundreds D. three hundreds of
6. I think there will be pollution in the future because of the new law.
A. more B. less C. fewer D. lower7. — will people live to be 200 years old?
— I don't think so.
A. When B. Why C. Where D. Do you think
8. — will happen in 100 years?
— I think people will have robots at home.
A. What B. How C. When D. Where
9. The robots will do jobs in place of people in the future.
A. bored B. boring C. interest D. interested
10.— Will there be less pollution?
— .
A. Yes, there will B. Yes, there be C. No, there will D. No, it won't
11.My father me a new bike next week.
A. buys B. bought C. will buy D. buy
12.I'm afraid there a heavy rain this afternoon.
A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. are going to be
13.— will you go to the park?
— Tomorrow.
A. What B. Where C. When D. How
14.They to the beach if it fine tomorrow.
A. will go; is B. go; is C. will go; will be D. go; will be
15.The little girl the bus and found a seat near the door.
A. got up B. got on C. got off D. got to16.— What are you going to do this weekend?
— I yet.
A. haven't decided B. won't decide C. didn't decide D. don't decide
17.— will your father come back?
— In two days.
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How far
18.There a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
19.I think robots do some jobs better than humans in the future.
A. can B. will can C. will be able to D. are able to
20.— you to the party tomorrow?
— Yes, I am.
A. Will; go B. Are; going C. Do; go D. Did; go
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. There (be) a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
2. We (not have) any classes next week.
3. Look at the clouds. It (rain).
4. My father (fly) to Beijing tomorrow.5. I think he (be) a famous singer in the future.
6. There are many (planet) in the universe.
7. People (live) to be 200 years old in the future.
8. Robots can do many (danger) jobs for humans.
9. My mother often makes me (clean) my room.
10.We should try our best to save the (environmentally).
11.There (not be) more pollution in the future.
12.The children (play) football in the park tomorrow.
13.I'm looking forward to (hear) from you.
14.My sister wants to be a (science) when she grows up.
15.It's easy for robots (do) such jobs.
16.There are a lot of (factory) in this city.17.We (build) a new school in our town next year.
18.The little girl is very kind and she always (help) others.
19.If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the park.
20. My father (drive) to work every day, but he (take) a bus
tomorrow.
（三）阅读理解
未来的生活
In the future, life will be very different. People will live in houses that can
change colors and shapes according to the weather and their mood. These
houses will be very comfortable and energy - saving. They will use solar energy
to heat and cool the rooms, so there will be less pollution.
Transportation will also change a lot. People won't drive cars as often as
they do now. Instead, they will use flying cars or high - speed trains. Flying cars
will be able to take off and land vertically (垂直地), so they won't need long
runways like airplanes. High - speed trains will be much faster than the trains
we have now, and they will be more comfortable.
In the future, people will work at home more often. They will use
computers and the Internet to communicate with their colleagues. Schools willalso be different. Students won't need to go to school every day. They can
study at home through online courses. They will be able to choose the courses
they like and learn at their own pace.
However, there will also be some problems. For example, with more and
more robots doing jobs, some people may lose their jobs. And if people don't
go out often, they may become less healthy. So, we need to find ways to solve
these problems to make the future life better.
1. （ ）What can houses do in the future according to the passage?
A. They can only change colors. B. They can only change shapes.
C. They can change colors and shapes. D. They can't change at all.
2. （）What kind of energy will houses use in the future?
A. Wind energy.B. Solar energy.C. Water energy.D. Coal energy.
3. （ ）How will transportation change in the future?
A. People will drive cars more often.
B. Flying cars will need long runways.
C. High - speed trains will be slower.
D. People will use flying cars or high - speed trains.
4. （ ）How will students study in the future?
A. They will go to school every day.
B. They will study at home through online courses.
C. They will only study in the library.
D. They will study with robots at school.
5. （ ）What problems may there be in the
future? A. People will have too much work to do.B.Robots will do all the jobs and people will be very lazy.
C. Some people may lose their jobs and people may become less
healthy. D. There will be too many cars and the traffic will be very heavy.人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 8 Let's Communicate!
一、语法考点
（一）if 引导的条件状语从句
1. if 引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下，某事可能会发生。
结构为 “主句 + if 从句” 或 “if 从句 + 主句”。例如：If it rains ,
tomorrow
we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）We will stay
at
home if it rains tomorrow.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）
2. 遵循 “主将从现” 原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现
在时表示将来。例如：If he comes, I will tell him the news.（如果他来，
我会告诉他这个消息。）但在表示客观真理、自然现象等情况时，主句和
从句都用一般现在时。例如：If you heat ice, it turns into water.（如果
你
加热冰，它会变成水。）
3. if 从句可位于主句前或主句后。当 if 从句在主句前时，从
句后要用逗号与主句隔开；当 if 从句在主句后时，不用逗号。例如：If you
study hard, you will get good grades.（从句在前，有逗号）You will get
good grades if you study hard.（从句在后，无逗号）
（二）现在进行时表将来
1. 现在进行时（be + 动词的现在分词形式）有时可用来表示
按计划、安排即将发生的动作， 常与表示将来的时间状语连用， 如
tomorrow（明天）、next week（下周）等。这种用法常涉及位置移动的动词，如 go （去）、come （来）、leave （离开）、arrive （到达）等 。
例如：I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow（. 我明天要去北京。）She is
coming
to see me next week.（她下周要来看我。）
2. 现在进行时表将来更强调计划或安排的确定性和近
期性；一般将来时（will + 动词原形）则更侧重于表达意愿、预测或临时
决定 。例如：I'm going to the movies tonight.（已经有计划今晚去看
电
影）I will go to the movies tonight.（可以是临时决定今晚去看电影）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. v. 交流；沟通。名词形式为 communication 。常见短语：
communicate with sb（. 与某人交流）。例如：We should communicate
with
our parents more.（我们应该多和父母交流。）
2. n. 信息；消息。常见短语：send a message （发送消息）；
take a message（捎口信）。例如：Please send me a message when
you
arrive.（你到了请给我发个消息。）
3. v. 争吵；争论。名词形式为 argument 。常见短语：argue with sb.
（与某人争吵）；argue about sth.（争论某事）。例如：Don't argue
with
your classmates.（不要和你的同学争吵。）
4. adv. 代替；反而；却。常位于句首或句末。例如：He didn't go
to school. Instead, he stayed at home.（他没去上学，反而待在家里。）5. v. 持续；继续存在；继续做。常见短语：continue doing sth.
（继续做某事）；continue to do sth.（继续做另一件事）。例如：He
continued reading the book after dinner.（晚饭后他继续看书。）
6. v. 理解；领会；明白。过去式和过去分词均为 understood 。
例如：I can't understand what you said.（我不明白你说的话。）
7. adj. 诚实的；老实的。反义词为 dishonest （不诚实的）。例如：
He is an honest boy.（他是个诚实的男孩。）
8. adj. 真诚的；诚恳的。副词形式为 sincerely 。例如：We should
be sincere with our friends.（我们应该对朋友真诚。）
9. v. 假装；装作。常见短语：pretend to do sth. （假装做某事）。
例如：He pretended to be asleep when his mother came in.（他妈妈进
来时他假装睡着了。）
10.v. 主动提出；自愿给予。常见短语：offer to do sth. （主动提出做
某事）；offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.（给某人提供某物）。例如：He
offered to help me with my English.（他主动提出帮我学英语。）
（二）重点短语
1. 面对面地。例如：We had a face - to - face talk. （我们进
行了一次面对面的谈话。）
2. 和解；和好；编造；组成等。例如：They made up after the
argument.（争吵之后他们和好了。）Don't make up stories.（不要编造
故事。）3. 谈论；讨论。例如：We often talk about our hobbies. （我
们经常谈论我们的爱好。）
4. 亲自；亲身。例如：You should go to see him in person. （你
应该亲自去看他。）
5. 短信。例如：I received a text message from my friend.
（我收到了朋友的一条短信。）
6. 视频通话。例如：We can make a video call to keep in touch.
（我们可以打视频电话保持联系。）
7. 注意；关注。例如：Pay attention to your pronunciation.
（注意你的发音。）
8. 肢体语言。例如：Body language is very important in
communication.（肢体语言在交流中非常重要。）
9. 起立；站起来。例如：Please stand up when the teacher comes
in.（老师进来时请站起来。）
10.给某人写短信；给某人打电话。例如：Drop me a line
when you get there.（你到那儿后给我写个短信。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. — do you usually communicate with your friends?
— By sending text messages.
A. What B. How C. Why D.
When2. If it tomorrow, we to the park.
A. doesn't rain; will go B. won't rain; will go
C. doesn't rain; go D. won't rain; go
3. My parents often argue me my study.
A. with; about B. with; for C. about; with D. for; about
4. He didn't go to school. , he stayed at home.
A. Instead B. Instead of C. Because D. Because of
5. She continued after she finished her homework.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
6. I can't understand you said.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
7. He is boy. Everyone likes him.
A. a honest B. an honest C. the honest D. honest
8. She pretended when her mother came in.
A. sleep B. sleeping C. to sleep D. slept
9. — What are you doing
— I'm my grandparents.
A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. visited
10. He offered me with my English.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped11. We had a talk and solved the problem.
A. face - to - face B. face to face C. faces - to - faces D. faces to faces
12. Please send me a when you get there.
A. news B. information C. message D. advice
13. If you want to solve the problem, you should have a talk with him .
A. in person B. in the person C. in persons D. in a person
14. We should pay attention our body language when we talk with others.
A. at B. to C. in D. for
15. — Can you help me with my math?
— Sure. .
A. No problem B. I'm sorry C. Thank you D. You're welcome
16. When you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to .
A. ask his age B. talk about the weather
C. ask his weight D. talk about his personal information
17. She is to others. Everyone likes to make friends with her.
A. sincere B. angry C. strict D. nervous
18. If you stay calm and say sorry, it will .
A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help
19. They made up after they .
A. argue B. argued C. arguing D. to argue20. We can use to communicate with others.
A. body language B. body languages C. languages body D. languages bodies
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.
2. We should learn how (communicate) with others.
3. My parents often have an (argue) about me.
4. He continued (write) after a short break.
5. I'm looking forward to (hear) from you.
6. It's important (be) honest with others.
7. She pretended (not know) me when she saw me.
8. We had a great time (play) basketball yesterday.
9. My father offered (buy) me a new bike.
10.They are good at (use) body language.11.If you want to make friends, you should be (friend) to others.
12.We should pay attention to (listen) when others are talking.
13.He didn't go to school. Instead, he (stay) at home.
14.She is (make) a video call to her friend now.
15. When we meet someone for the first time, we should choose the right
(topic).
16. If you want to improve your communication skills, you need to practice
(talk) with others.
17.1W7.e had a face - to - face (talk) and understood each other better.
18. My mother often asks me (send) messages to my grandparents.
19.They are arguing about how (solve) the problem.
20.It's impolite (ask) someone's weight.
（三）阅读理解有效沟通的重要性
Communication is an important part of our lives. It helps us build
relationships, share ideas, and understand others. Good communication skills
can make our lives easier and more successful.
There are many ways to communicate with others. Face - to - face
communication is one of the most common and effective ways. When we talk
face to face, we can see the expressions on the other person's face and hear
the tone of their voice. This helps us understand their feelings better. For
example, if someone is smiling and speaking in a friendly tone, we can tell that
they are happy. On the other hand, if someone has a serious expression and
speaks in a loud voice, we may think they are angry.
However, in modern society, we also rely a lot on electronic
communication, such as text messages, emails, and video calls. These forms of
communication are convenient, especially when we can't meet in person. But
they also have some disadvantages. For example, it's easy to misunderstand
the meaning of a text message because we can't see the person's face or hear
their tone of voice.
To communicate effectively, we need to be good listeners. We should pay
attention to what the other person is saying and try to understand their point
of view. We should also be clear and honest when we express our own ideas.
Using simple and direct language can help avoid misunderstandings.In addition, body language plays an important role in communication.
Our posture, facial expressions, and gestures can all convey messages. For
example, standing up straight and making eye contact shows that we are
confident and
1. （）What is an important part of our lives according to t he passage?
A. Exercise.B. Communication.C. Study.D. Travel.
2. （ ）Why is face - to - face communication effective?
A. Because we can only see the expressions on the other person's face.
B. Because we can only hear the tone of the other person's voice.
C. Because we can see the expressions and hear the tone, which helps
understand feelings.
D.Because it is the only way to communicate.
3. （ ）What are the disadvantages of electronic
communication? A. It is too expensive.
B.It takes too much time.
C. It's easy to misunderstand the meaning.
D.It can't be used when we can't meet in person.
4. （ ）How can we communicate
effectively? A. By not listening to others.
B.By using complex language.
C. By being good listeners and being clear and honest.
D. By not expressing our own ideas.
5. （ ）What can show that we are confident and interested in the
conversation? A. Standing up straight and making eye contact.
B. Slouching and avoiding eye contact.
C. Using a lot of gestures.
D. Speaking in a low voice.
