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kmkm 第1/9页 1170
人教版八上英语 讲义
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
一、语法考点
（一）一般过去时
概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如
yesterday（昨天）、lastweek（上周）、two daysago（两天前）等。
构成形式
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。例如：Ivisited mygrandparentslast
weekend.（我上周末看望了我的祖父母。）
否定句：主语 + didn't+ 动词原形 + 其他。例如：He didn'tgo toschool
yesterday.（他昨天没去上学。）
一般疑问句：Did+ 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？肯定回答：Yes, 主语 +did. 否
定回答：No, 主语 +didn't. 例如：Didyougototheparkyesterday?Yes,Idid.
/No, Ididn't.（你昨天去公园了吗？是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。）
动词过去式变化规则
规则变化
一般在动词原形末尾加 -ed，如：look- looked，play- played。
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，直接加 -d，如：live - lived，hope-
hoped。
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ed，
如：stop-stopped，plan- planned。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -ed，如：study -
studied，carry -carried。
不规则变化：需特殊记忆，如：go-went，do-did，see-saw，have-had 等。
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第2/9页 1170
（二）不定代词
概念：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
常见不定代词：something（某事；某物）、anything（任何事；任何物）、nothing
（没有什么）、someone（某人）、anyone（任何人）、noone（没有人）、everyone
（每个人）等。
用法
something 常用于肯定句中；anything 常用于否定句和疑问句中，但在表示请
求、建议，希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中用 something。
例如：Ihavesomethingto tell you.（我有某事要告诉你。）
Doyouhaveanythingto say?（你有什么要说的吗？）
Wouldyoulikesomethingto eat?（你想吃点什么吗？）
nothing 表示否定意义，相当于 “not...anything”。
例如：Isawnothing. =I didn'tseeanything.（我什么也没看见。）
someone、anyone、no one、everyone 等指人，它们的用法与 something、
anything 等类似。
例如：Someoneisknockingatthedoor.（有人在敲门。）
Isthereanyonein theclassroom?（教室里有人吗？）
二、词汇考点
（一）重点单词
1. pron. 任何人，常用于否定句和疑问句中。例如：Didyoumeetanyone
interesting?（你遇到有趣的人了吗？）
2. adj. 精彩的；绝妙的，可用来描述事物或经历。例如：Wehada
wonderfultime attheparty.（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
3. adj.&pron. 不多；很少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义；afew 表示 “一
些；几个”，表示肯定意义 。例如：Fewpeoplelikesnakes.（很少有人喜欢蛇。）
Ihavea fewfriendshere.（我在这里有几个朋友。）
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4. 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数。例如：Hehasquiteafewbooks.
（他有相当多的书。）
5. adj., adv. &pron. 最多；大多数；大部分，可以修饰名词、动词等。例如：
MoststudentslikeEnglish.（大多数学生喜欢英语。）Ilike mathmost.（我最喜欢
数学。）
6. pron. 某事；某物，常用于肯定句。例如：Thereissomethingwrong
withmy bike.（我的自行车出毛病了。）
7. pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西，表否定意义。例如：Ihavenothingto
dotoday.（我今天无事可做。）
8. pron. 每人；人人；所有人，强调整体。例如：Everyoneisheretoday.
（今天每个人都在这儿。）
9. pron. 我自己，反身代词。例如：Icandoitmyself.（我能自己做这件事。）
10. pron. 你自己，反身代词，复数形式为 yourselves（你们自己）。例如：
Helpyourself tosomefruit.（请随便吃些水果。）
（二）重点短语
1. 去度假，等同于 “takeavacation”“haveavacation”。例如：Where
didyougo onvacation?（你去哪里度假了？）
2. 待在家里。例如：Ioftenstayathomeonweekends.（我周末经常
待在家里。）
3. 去爬山。例如：WewenttothemountainslastSunday.（我
们上周日去爬山了。）
4. 去海滩。例如：Theylikegoingtothebeachinsummer.（他们
夏天喜欢去海滩。）
5. 参观博物馆。例如：Wevisitedsomemuseumsduringthe trip.
（我们在旅行中参观了一些博物馆。）
6. 相当多；不少，修饰可数名词复数。例如：Hetookquiteafewphotos.
（他拍了相当多的照片。）
7. 大部分时间。例如：Istayedathomeandreadbooksmostofthe
time.（我大部分时间都待在家里看书。）
8. 尝起来不错，“taste” 是系动词，后接形容词作表语。类似的系动词还
有 look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、feel（感觉起来）等。例如：Thefoodtastes
good.（这食物尝起来不错。）
9. 玩得开心，等同于 “enjoyoneself”“havefun”。例如：Wehad
a goodtimeattheparty.（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
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10. 当然。例如：—Canyouhelpme?—Ofcourse.（— 你能帮我吗？ —
当然。）
三、同步练习
（一）单项选择
1. —Didyougo ________ interestingonvacation?
—Yes,I wentto Hangzhou.
A. somewhereB. anywhereC.nowhereD.everywhere
2. Ididn't buyanythingfor________. I think they'retooexpensive.
A. myself B.yourself C. himself D.themselves
3. —Howwasyourvacation, Lily?
—________. Ihada greattime.
A. TerribleB.BoringC.WonderfulD.Notgood
4. Thereare________ peopleinthesupermarket. It'sso crowded.
A. fewB. afewC. quitea fewD.little
5. —Didyou________ anyphotosinthemountains?
—Yes,I did.
A. takeB. tookC. takingD.takes
6. —Didyoumeet________famous onyour trip?
—No, Ididn't.
A. someoneB. anyoneC. everyoneD. noone
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7. Thefoodinthatrestaurant________delicious. I likeitvery much.
A. looksB.soundsC. tastesD.feels
8. —Wheredidyougo lastweekend?
—I________athomeandwatchedTV.
A. stayB.stayedC. staysD.amstaying
9. —Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?
—________. Theyareallontheplayground.
A. NooneB.NoneC.SomeoneD. Anyone
10. —Didyouhavea goodtimeattheparty?
—Yes,I did. Ireallyenjoyed________.
A. meB.myself C.mineD. I
11. Myfather didn'tbuy________ intheshopbecausethethingsweretoo expensive.
A. somethingB.anythingC. nothingD. everything
12. —Didyougo to theparkwith________?
—Yes,I wentwithmy sister.
A. someoneB. anyoneC. everyoneD. noone
13. —Whatdidyoudo lastnight?
—I________a bookabouthistory.
A. readB.readsC. readingD. to read
14. —Howwasyourtrip to themountains?
—Itwasgreat,butwe werealittle ________.
A. boringB.boredC. interestingD.interested
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15. —Didyousee________ intheroom?
—No, Isaw________.
A. something; nothingB. anything;nothing
C. nothing;somethingD.anything; something
16. —I'mhungry. Isthere________to eat?
—Yes,thereissomebreadonthetable.
A. somethingB.anythingC. everythingD.nothing
17. —Didyouvisityour grandparentslastweek?
—No, I________. I visitedmy aunt.
A. didn'tB. didC. don'tD. do
18.—Whatdidyour mother doonvacation?
—She________ shoppingandboughtsomeclothes.
A. go B.goesC.went D.going
19. —Howoftendo yougo to themovies?
—________. I'malwaysbusy withmy study.
A. AlwaysB.UsuallyC. SometimesD. Hardlyever
20. —Ihadabadcold. I didn'tgo to schoolyesterday.
—________.
A. I'msorryto hearthatB. That'sall right
C. You'rewelcomeD.Don't worry
（二）用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.I ________ (go)to thepark yesterdayandhadagoodtimethere.
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2. Mymother________ (notbuy)anythingforherself lastweek.
3. Therearesome________ (different)betweenthetwo pictures.
4. Ireally enjoyed________ (myself/ ourselves)atthepartylastnight.
5. Everyoneinour class________ (like)readingbooks.
6. Tom________(visit) hisgrandparentslastweekend.
7. Wedecided________ (go)to thebeachthis summervacation.
8. Didyouhavefun________(play) basketballwithyour friends?
9. Ifounda littlegirl ________(cry)in thecorner justnow.
10. It wassunnyandhotyesterday. Wefeltlike________(eat)ice - cream.
11. Myfatherseems________ (be)verytiredtoday. Heneedstohavea rest.
12. There________ (be)alotof peopleinthesupermarketyesterday.
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13. She________(write) a letter to her friendlastnight.
14. Themoviewasso ________(bore)thatIfellasleepinthecinema.
15. They ________(take) quitea fewphotoswhentheyvisited theGreatWall.
16. I'm ________(wonder)why hedidn'tcometo schooltoday.
17. We________(nothave)a partylast nightbecauseit rainedheavily.
18. He________ (try)his bestto climb themountainandhemadeit.
19. Look!Therearesome________ (duck)swimmingin theriver.
20. Mysister practices________ (speak)Englishevery day.
（三）阅读理解
Last summer vacation, I went to Beijing with my family. We visited many
interesting places. On the first day, we went to Tian'anmen Square. It was really
large and there were many people there. We took some photos. Then we went to
暴小雪原创 左右上角是薇kmkm 第9/9页 1170
the Palace Museum. I learned a lot about Chinese history there. On the second
day, we visited the Great Wall. It was very long and wonderful. We walked on the
Great Wall for a long time. We were tired but happy. On the third day, we went
shopping. I bought some gifts for my friends. We had a great time in Beijing.
1. ( )Wheredidthewriter go lastsummer vacation?
A. Shanghai.B. Beijing. C. Hangzhou.D.Guangzhou.
2. ( )Whatdidtheydo onthefirstday?
A. Theyvisited theGreatWall.
B.They wentshopping.
C. TheyvisitedTian'anmenSquareandthePalaceMuseum.
D.Theytooka walk.
3. ( )How didtheyfeelafter walkingontheGreatWall?
A. Tiredandsad.B.Tired buthappy.C. Relaxed. D. Bored.
4. ( )Whatdidthewriter do onthethirdday?
A. Boughtsomegifts.B. Tooksomephotos.
C. LearnedaboutChinesehistory. D.Visitedaninterestingplace.
5. ( )Which ofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. Thewriter wentto Beijingalone.
B.They didn'ttakeanyphotos.
C. Theyhada goodtimeinBeijing.
D.Theyvisited theGreatWallonthe firstday.
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