北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2024版《5年高考3年模拟》B版
阅读补全（七选五）
新高考卷（2020—2024）
2024
01-2024新课标Ⅰ
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to
submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 1. No editor is
likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义
词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 2 . Of course, these days there
are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to
prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
3. It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus
differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It
will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,
picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its
2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word
combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 . However, if I need to check the origin
of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was
Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make
dictionaries is dull(乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”.
5. A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a
rewarding experience.
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
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语篇解读 本文是说明文,主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验、心得与乐趣。
1. F 上文提到如果你想发表(作品),提交一份完美、专业的原稿是至关重要的。
所以设空处应该进一步解释什么样的原稿才是上文所描述的样子。下文又提到,
没有哪个编辑可能会容忍一个不愿花心思正确拼写单词的作者。因此设空处所
描述的完美原稿应该是“语法正确,没有拼写错误”的。F项中的That指代空前
的a perfect, professionally presented manuscript。故选F。
2. B 上文提到作者不信任笔记本电脑的拼写检查程序。设空处对此做出解释:
因为“它不考虑上下文”。B项中的It指代空前的spellchecker。故选B。
3. E 设空处位于段首,考虑段落主旨句。空后两个句子的主语都是 It,由句意
“它应该给出每个单词的准确定义,从而区分意义相似却不相同的单词。它通常
也会表明单词是如何发音的”推断,It指的是词典,因此设空处应包含单数的表示
词典的字眼。空后的两个句子是对词典功能的阐述,因此设空处也应该描述其功
能。E项(当然,词典不仅仅用于拼写)与之相符,故选E。
4. A 上文提到作者廉价买到了一本词典。空后的 However提示下文与设空处
内容构成转折关系。下文说如果作者需要查一个单词的来源或查找关于其用法
的示例,这本词典再好不过了。因此A项(我不经常使用这本词典)符合语境。this
dictionary指代上文中的Shorter Oxford Dictionary。
5. D 空前用 Samuel Johnson 的话表明“编词典是枯燥的工作”,空后的 a
rewarding experience与空前内容构成转折关系,故设空处需要承上启下,D项(但是
阅读词典也可以是一种乐趣)中的 a pleasure to read 与前面的“To make
dictionaries is dull work”构成转折,同时引出下文,故选D。
02-2024新课标Ⅱ
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and
boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to
overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1. Certainly not. The loss of
what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on
making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our
experience.
•Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re
special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like
you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply
draws you. 2.
•Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to
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go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire
world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3. Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
• 4. Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major
holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a
different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally
slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to
preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5. You may be
amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
语篇解读 本文是说明文,主要围绕过度旅游展开讨论并提供应对的建议。
1. B 根据空后的“Certainly not.”判断设空处应填一个疑问句,将答案锁定在
B、D两项。后文提到不去旅游会让我们失去一些东西,这是我们无法接受的。
比较两个目标选项发现,B项(那么,我们应该停止旅行吗?)与上文旅游的快速增长
给特定地区带来了不良影响构成因果关系 ,同时引出下文不能停止旅行的原因。
故选B。
技巧点拨 有问才有答。“Certainly not.”意为“当然不”,常用于回答问题。
因此,看到表示回答的语句时,要考虑前面应该有问题。
2. C 本段谈论谨慎选择旅游的地点。空前建议读者去非常吸引自己(deeply
draws you)的地方旅行,而不是随大溜。C项(旅行是为自己而非他人)是对前文选
择非常吸引自己的地方去旅行的进一步阐释。故选C。
3. E 空前提到有很多不那么热门的地方(less-visited options)可供选择,空后建议
选择去热门目的地较不出名的景点(lesser-known sights)。E 项中的 relatively
undiscovered和原文中的less-visited、lesser-known呼应。故选E。
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4. A 设空处位于段首,考虑段落主旨句。根据主旨句句式一致原则,锁定同为祈
使句的A、C、G三项。后文中的 skipping major holidays or rush hour(避开重大
节假日或高峰时间)与A项中的off-peak times(淡季)呼应,且后文提到了淡季旅行
的好处,因此A 项(在淡季旅行)符合本段主旨。故选A。
5. G 由空后的 the people there 判断应该提到一个地方。G 项中的 the
communities you’re visiting与空后的there呼应,且与空前句同为祈使句,是作者提
出的建议:保护旅行目的地的特色以及回馈所参观的地区。故选G。
2023
01-2023新课标Ⅰ
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat
yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. 1 You can use the
following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”
2 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around?
They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that
you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On
this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the
time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a
tiring day. 3
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4
That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special
and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until
you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at
any time.
It's something of a cliché（陈词滥调） that most people learn not from
their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. 5 We're all
changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop
and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
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C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your
personality.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文（总—分—总结构），主题语境是积极的生活态度，
主要介绍了在错误面前如何学会适度自我原谅。
1. D
细节句。空前提到为错误承担责任是好的，但不要因为错误过分自责，人都会
犯错。后句提到使用下面的写作训练来做到这一点（do this）。代词this提示
设空处要提到某一种做法。D 项（给自己一些宽恕同样重要）中的 show
yourself some forgiveness与后句中的do this呼应。故选D。
2. B细节句。本段主要说的是“Personal strengths”。空后用一系列问句点明
个人优点的具体内容。最后一句中的 aspects of your personality that you're
proud of与B项中的characteristics you like about yourself呼应。且B项与下一
段第二句句式一致（list all the...），代入原文中语义连贯。故选B。
3. F总结句。本段主要说的是“Acts of kindness”。第二句提到列举所有你为
他人做过的好事，第三句举例说明——帮朋友做作业，主动熨衣服，在家人累
了一天后做饼干。这些都是很小的事情，与 F 项中的 no matter how small it
might seem呼应。F项中的write it down与文中的list呼应。故选F。
4. C过渡句。前一句提到让朋友或家人帮助在清单上添加内容，后一句提到以
这种方式，你可以和朋友或家人交换想法。浏览选项可以发现，C项中的They
呼应前一句中的a friend or family member，代入原文后与前后文衔接自然。
故选C。
5. G过渡句。本段主要说的是人们从错误中学习。G项中的mistake与本段首句
的mistakes呼应，G项中的isn't a fixed aspect of your personality与后句中的
all changing and learning呼应。故选G。
重点词汇
responsibility n.责任；义务
creative adj.有创造力的;有创意的
generous adj.慷慨的；大方的
aspect n.方面；层面
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exchange vt.交换；交流
boost self-confidence增强自信心
02-2023新课标Ⅱ
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by
curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic
list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete
beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本) for small studies.
These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more
complex works in the future. 1. You'll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you've come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than
to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or
landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 2.
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 3. Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we've all been there. I love
taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every
day for a month and post the works online.
4. Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial to
growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the
kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level
of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. 5. Push
through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an
artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don't throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with
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repetition.
答案
[语篇解读]本文为说明文（总—分—总结构），主题语境是丰富自我。作者就
初学者如何开启绘画之旅提出了四条建议。最后提醒读者绘画之路是艰辛的，
只有坚持努力，才能有所收获。
1. C细节句。设空处位于段中，考虑细节补充。空后说你会想要回顾你的旅
程，看看你已经走了多远。由此可推知，想要回顾，就要看 beginner art（初学
作品）。故选C。
2. G过渡句。设空处位于段末，考虑承上启下或者归纳概括。本段的主题句是
“Paint often and paint from life.”，后文由此展开。put in those brush miles
和as much as possible都是对paint often的说明。最后概括：你会形成绘画肌
肉记忆，这种记忆只能通过重复来实现。故选G。
3. A细节句。设空处位于段中，考虑细节补充。本段的主题句是“Continually
challenge yourself to try something new.”。具体的做法就是走出舒适区，去尝
试新的事物，接受新的挑战。故选A。
4. D主旨句。设空处位于段首，考虑段落主题句。空后说寻求和接受建设性的
反馈对成长至关重要。想要得到反馈，就要分享自己的作品。作者以自身为
例，讲了自己上传作品后得到积极反馈的经历。post my work是share的方式
之一。故选D。
5. E细节句。设空处位于段中，考虑细节补充。前一句说你的绘画之路不会一
帆风顺，所以“你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁”符合语境。故选E。
2022
01-2022新高考Ⅰ
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You'll actually show up if you know someone is
waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “ 1 ” With a workout partner,
you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want
to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the
exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it
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probably won't result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a
gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice
included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how
many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her
favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time, both
of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will
become more physically fit. The core of your relationship is that you will always be
there to help each other.
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了健身搭档的重要性和找搭档的注意事
项。
1.C 细节句。设空处讲的是感谢你的健身搭档的第二个原因。C项以You'll开
头,与第一个原因句式一致,故选C。
2.D 细节句。上一句说要确定找搭档的目的,设空处及下一句 Or do you just
want...是两个目的。D项与设空处下一句均是一般疑问句,且句式相似,故选D。
3.B 细节句。上一句指出在社交媒体上寻找搭档可能不会让你得到一个有用的
回应。下一句指出搭档必须属于同一个健身房,由此可知搭档要与自己住得近。
4.G 总结句。上文一系列的信息与G项中的such information呼应。
5.F 细节句。上文说你和你的搭档可能会有不同的技能,下一句说经过一段时
间,你们两个都将受益,所以此处表示应接受不同点并且学会合作,故选F。
02-2022新高考Ⅱ
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can
be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
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1 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave
the paper. Stay loose and free. 2 Don't worry about grammar or spelling. Even
though this technique won't work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store
of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being
perfect. 3 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself
headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱) paper. Think of your first
draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple⁃spaced(三倍行距) copy to allow
space for revision. 4 As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing
out chunks(大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you
have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your
changes into your word processor. 5 The resulting blank space invites you to
revise.
A.Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C.The second draft of the essay should be better.
D.First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F.Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise.
G.Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on
triple⁃space.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了三种写文章的简单技巧。
1.D 主旨句。上文提到学会应用三种简单技巧,接下来应介绍第一条,对应D项
里的First of all;下文中的write nonstop对应D项中的nonstop writing。
2.B 细节句。上文提到要不停地写并保持放松和不受限制的状态,故B项“让
笔随心。”符合语境。
3.E 过渡句。上文表明要快速打草稿而不要担心完美程度,下文则说:然而,通过
学会与不完美共存,你会省去很多烦恼。E项“太多作者试图一次性把草稿写
对。”中的right(正确)与上文中的perfect(完美)对应。
4.F 过渡句。设空处上句提到要打印出一份三倍行距留有修改空间的稿子,下句
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则说:结果,这些作者决不会形成划掉大块草稿在空白处写修改内容的习惯。F项
“很多初写文章的作者不留出足够的修改空间。”承接上文的“留出修改空
间”,而“不留出足够的修改空间”引出下文的无法形成在空白处写修改内容的
习惯。三句中的线索词是space和revise/revision。
5.G 过渡句。上文提到在第一次草稿被改得无处下笔后,把你的修改输入文字
处理软件,下文表明这样处理后形成的空白可以使你再次修改。G项“然后再次
将你的文稿设置成三倍行距打出一份新草稿。”承接上文,引出下文,衔接得当。
关键词print out和triple⁃space对应本段第一句主题句。
2021
01-2021新高考Ⅰ
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did
was rent a fantastically expensive sixth⁃floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was
so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment,
the plumbing(水管)worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female
voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French
phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As
someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain
weight. 3 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode
in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
4 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market
to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and
a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever
eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can
tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people
work? The French take their 35⁃hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some
labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of
hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
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E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you
happy.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己和丈夫在巴黎体验当地生活的
经历。
1.F 过渡句。文章第一句提到丈夫和自己在巴黎待了一周;设空处之后提到他们
租了一套公寓(rent a fantastically expensive sixth⁃floor apartment),句子以So开始,
说明和前面设空处所选的句子构成因果关系。选项 F表示作者夫妇“想开始像
真正的巴黎人那样生活”,与后面的句子正好是因果关系,因此F项为正确选项。
2.C 细节句。设空处前一句提到作者租的公寓水管好用,后一句提到他们所在
的楼还有一个小型电梯,这些都是关于公寓设施的。由此可推断设空处应该也是
有关公寓的设施。C项提到厨房和床,属于公寓设施,故选C项。
3.G 细节句。设空处前面一句中提到巴黎人吃得好还不变胖,后面两句中提到
法国的草莓吃进嘴里就像美味的小炸弹炸开一样(explode in your mouth like little
flavor bombs),这个比喻说明草莓很好吃。G项中提到法国的食物很美味,人们不
需要吃很多就很开心。句中 delicious与like little flavor bombs 相对应,也说明了
法国人不变胖的原因(不需要吃很多就开心了)。
4.E 过渡句。选项E中That指代上文所提到的情况(法国食物美味,他们不需要
吃很多),整个句子意为“那不是法国人比我们吃得少的唯一原因”。由此可知,
这句话后面应该写另外的原因。设空处之后提到作者在当地买了一些美味的水
果,但是要花费18美元(But they cost $18!)。最后一句话中作者用了 But表示转
折,句末用了感叹号表明其吃惊的语气,言外之意为价格过高(法国人会买得很
少)。这些描写正好与E项表述吻合。
5.A 细节句。设空处前面一句提到法国咖啡馆总是拥挤的。选项A意为“不是
所有的顾客都是游客”(也就是说还有很多法国本地人)。句中的customers与前
面的French cafés相对应。故选A。
02-2021新高考Ⅱ
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you
read probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for
study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1
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●Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat
which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes.
2
● 3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will
help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain
parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long
run.
●If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read
at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be
easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be
able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
●Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important
for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't
have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or
two words as a reminder.
A.Stop to have a rest now and then.
B.Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C.This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D.Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E.Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F.You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G.Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
答案
1.D 2.G 3.B 4.C 5.E
2020
01-2020新高考Ⅰ
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 1 Do you want
to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable.
Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the
expense of the “speaking.” 2 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your
audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one
who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders
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constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message.
So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. 3
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 4 And like everything else in
life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills
on a consistent basis.
5 It's rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On
the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought,“I'm glad that
talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make
your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners
wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally
to end.
A.Do the opposite.
B.You want to be an effective public speaker.
C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.
D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they
train to be.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了要想成为优秀演讲者必须掌握的原则。
1.G 细节句。设空处前一句 Some individuals are born with a gift for public
speaking中,Some individuals对应G项中the majority of people,born with a gift 对
应G项中train to be。结合下文讲到训练的四个原则,可知G项(然而,大多数的人
都是因为他们受过训练而成为给人深刻印象的演讲者的)为最佳答案。
2.A 过渡句。由本段第二句(通常,当你站起来演讲时,你关注的是“公众”而不
是“演讲”)以及第四句(要专注于演讲)可知设空处前后句是两种截然不同的做
法。故选A项(做相反的事)。
3.C 细节句。由本段第一句(即使是最成功的演说家也会犯错误)和第四、五句
(事实上,大多数人只大约吸收了演讲者信息的20%。所以,当你犯错误时,不要停
止演讲,除非是非常严重的错误)可知C项(你没有必要为你的小疏漏道歉)符合逻
辑。a minor slip对应第五句中的a truly serious one。
4.B 细节句。本段第一句 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker 中的 a
perfect public speaker 对应 B 项中的 an effective public speaker。设空处后一句
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And like everything else in life, that takes practice 中的that也指代B选项的内容。
因此B项(你想成为一个给人深刻印象的公众演说家)是最佳选项。
5.D 主旨句。根据本段内容尤其是最后两句 Always make your presentation just
a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than
shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end可知,D项When
it comes to public speaking, less is usually more(说到公开演讲,通常少些更好)概括
了本段的核心内容。
02-2020新高考Ⅱ
Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor
the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or
embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you. 1
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude. 2 Think teamwork! Think
positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
3 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your
symptoms(症状)and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to
bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you
feel and how long you've felt that way.
● 4
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told
you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are
allergic(过敏)to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the
questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring
the list with you to your appointment. 5 Remember—there's no such thing as a
stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to
explain it again until you do understand.
A.This will make getting answers easier.
B.Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C.You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D.Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
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E.Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F.Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G.Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important
information.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
1.B 过渡句。根据设空前内容可知,与你的医生交流可以让你感觉好些并能向
你的医生提供她或他需要的信息,以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕讨论困扰
你的事情或为此感到尴尬。再结合下文为几条具体的建议可知,B项承上启下,符
合题意,故选B。
2.E 细节句。根据下文“teamwork”可知,E项Remember, your doctor and other
caregivers are on your side.与此呼应,故选E。
3.D 细节句。根据标题和设空后内容可知,本段强调了“记录感受”的作用,D
项Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.与之呼应,故选D。
4.F 主旨句。根据文中“Your medical history is...your doctor.”可知,本段是关于
病史和过敏药物的,F项Bring your medical history, including a list of your current
medicines.符合本段主题,故选F。
5.A 细节句。设空前说明了把要问的问题写下来并把清单带上,A项This will
make getting answers easier.说明了这样的好处,前后为因果关系,故选A。
课标全国卷（2015—2024）
2024
2024全国甲
What is moderation(适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your
body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1.
But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something
nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 . It actually
takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat
slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or
computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep
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at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the
ready, like cookies. 3.
Control emotional(情绪的) eating. 4. Many of us also turn to food to
deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by
learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you
eat and your feelings.
5. A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢), while
eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night.
Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning.
Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive
system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
语篇解读 本文是说明文,主要介绍了如何适度饮食,包括放慢进食速度、尽可能
与他人共同进餐、控制情绪化饮食以及全天合理安排饮食。
1. F 空前提到了“moderation(适度)”的概念,即吃身体所需的食物量。空后提到
这并不意味着要放弃你喜欢的食物。设空处需承上启下,对“moderation(适度)”
的概念进一步解释,并引出后句。F项(对于我们许多人来说,适度意味着吃得比现
在少)符合语境。moderation是上文的原词复现,“moderation means...”也和空后句
“But it doesn’t mean...”构成转折。
2. C 本段首句提到要放慢速度(段落主旨),第二句进一步说明把食物当作营养品
而不只是会议间隙吃的东西(something to eat in between meetings)。C项(不要在
上班路上匆忙吞下食物)呼应段落主旨,且承接第二句语境。
3. E 前句提到如果身边有不健康的零食(unhealthy snacks)就会更难做到适量饮
食。E 项(相反,要让自己周围充满健康的选择)符合此处语境。前句中的
unhealthy和E项中的healthy形成对比。
4. B 后一句的also提示设空处与后一句构成并列关系。后一句说很多人为了
应对负面情绪而吃东西,所以设空处也应该说明人们吃东西的目的。B项(我们吃
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东西并不总是仅仅为了填饱肚子)与之相符。
5. A 设空处位于段首,考虑段落主旨句。后文提到了健康早餐(A healthy
breakfast)的重要性,避免深夜进食(Avoid eating late at night),早点吃晚餐以及晚餐
与第二天早餐之间禁食14—16个小时(fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next
morning),强调了全天合理饮食的必要性,因此A 项(全天合理饮食)适合做段落主
旨句。
熟词生义 fast 熟义:adj.快速的 生义:v.禁食
2023
01-2023全国乙
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in
many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 1. , but
studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving
their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more,
indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like
to grow indoors. Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing
outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 2. .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “3.
. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your
mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can
improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot
plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases， such as
carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. 4. .
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are
easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres
or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you
get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning
plants. “5 .,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and
focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and
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nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文（总—分结构），主题语境是人与植物，主要介绍了
室内植物的定义、益处并给出了选择室内植物的建议。
1. B细节句。设空处位于段中，考虑细节补充。根据空后的逗号可知，设空处
所填内容非整句，再结合逗号后的but可知，逗号前后内容并列。浏览选项可
以发现，B项中的Not only可以与but（省略了also）连用，表示“不仅……而
且……”，代入原文后意义连贯，表示“它们不仅好看，而且研究表明它们能
够通过改善心情、减轻压力和提高记忆力来提升人们的幸福感”。故选B。
2. D细节句。设空处位于段尾，考虑细节补充或概括总结。前一句说在英国，
尤其是在冬天，这些物种中有很多不太适合在室外生长。浏览选项可以发现，
D项意为“相反，它们在更温暖的室内长得更好”。inside与前一句中的outside
构成反义关系，warmer 与前一句中的 in the winter 构成对比关系，呼应
Instead。故选D。
3. C 主旨句。本段主要讲的是室内植物对你有好处的原因。后文中的“lift
your mood”“improve creativity, focus and memory”“clean the air around
them”以及“remove some harmful chemicals”都是在具体讲室内植物的好
处，C项（种植室内植物有许多好处）能起到总领后文的作用，故选C。
4. E细节句。设空处位于段尾，考虑细节补充或概括总结。上文提到了室内植
物的种种好处。pot plants提示设空处有相关信息。浏览选项可以发现，E项承
接上文，以功效最好的两种盆栽——和平芋和魔鬼藤作为实例进一步补充说明
植物净化空气的作用。故选E。
5. G细节句。设空处是引语的前半部分。本题的解题关键是空后的 It，它所代
指的内容就是设空处或者包含在设空处中。引语后半部分意为“它能给人们的
生活带来新的兴趣和关注点，并有助于建立家与自然之间的纽带”。浏览选项
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可以发现，意思能与之衔接的是G项（了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的），
引语的后半部分具体解释rewarding。故选G。
02-2023全国甲
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a
vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer:1. .
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and
right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced
patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
·Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier,
less stressed and even more optimistic. 2. . “ Showing
thankfulness can foster self -control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the
University of California.
·Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the
time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us
happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of
waiting is to practice.3. . Put off watching your favorite show
until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll
soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it
to other, more annoying situations.
4.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we
will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,
we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to
yourself,“5. .” You'll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
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答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是完善自我。本文介绍了成为一个更
加有耐心的人的技巧。
1. G过渡句。前一句引用了一个谜语，该谜语的意思是“交通拥堵、排长队和
等待假期开始这些情况有什么共同点？”，设空处内容是该谜语的谜底，并且
该空位于第一段，应起到引入主题、总领全文的作用。结合选项可知，G选项
（这些都是我们需要多点耐心的情况）既能概括谜语中提到的三种情况，又能
起到引入主题的作用。故选G。
2. E细节句。该空位于小标题“Practice gratitude”下面。前一句说明了感激的
好处，但并没有将感激与耐心相结合。后一句说明了表达感激可以培养自制
力。由此可以推断，设空处应该说明感激与耐心的关系。分析选项可知，只有
E选项阐述了感激与耐心的关系，其中的 It指thankfulness，并且also起到承接
上文的作用。故选E。
3. B过渡句。前一句指出养成等待这一习惯的唯一方法就是去训练，后一句用
具体的例子（推迟看最喜欢的节目，吃蛋糕前多等十分钟）说明应如何训练。
由此可知，设空处应该阐述如何训练，并与下文所举的例子相呼应。B选项就
是训练指导，且small tasks与后文举的例子相呼应。故选B。
4. C主旨句。设空处是本段小标题。根据前面两个小标题的特点可知，设空处
应该用祈使句，符合其特点的是A、B、C三个选项，B选项已排除；结合本段
中的“being comfortable is the only...experience something outside of our
comfort zone”可推知，C选项（接受不适）符合语境。故选C。
5. F细节句。后一句提到“那样你就会逐渐变得更有耐心”，从 then可以看出
此句与前一句为顺承关系，由此推知，设空处应该是介绍怎么处理“不舒适”
的情况，作者劝告读者怎么去做，所以 F选项“这仅仅是不舒适，而不是无法
忍受”符合题意。由本段中的关键词comfortable、tolerate也可以推知设空处作
者给的劝告与此相关。故选F。
长难句
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we
will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone,
we get impatient about the circumstances.
译文 我们中的许多人认为，舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区
之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心。
分析 本句是主从复合句。that引导同位语从句，与名词 belief是同位关系。在
该从句中，并列连词 and 连接两个并列分句：在第一个分句中，动名词短语
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“being comfortable”作主语，“we will tolerate”是一个省略关系代词that的
定语从句，修饰先行词state；在第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。
重点词汇
trick n.诀窍;技巧；诡计;把戏patience n.耐心；忍耐力；毅力benefit n.益处；
好处foster v.培养；收养
2022
01-2022全国乙
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways
to sustain(保持) long⁃distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long⁃lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally
contact(联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone
calls can be a challenge. 1 .
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each
of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 2 . There
are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or
having a group chat.
·Practise empathy(共情)
3 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional
time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment
should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· 4
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long⁃distance friendships.
Although technology might make day⁃to⁃day communication possible, extra effort
goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends'
birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
5 , but long⁃distance friendships—even close ones—may require more
conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do
it? Just spend face⁃to⁃face time together whenever possible.
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
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D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章提供了五个教你保持远距离的友谊的方法。
1.D 细节句。第一个方法是固定联系时间,设空处前一句表示“在很忙的情况
下,挤时间打电话不是一件容易的事”,D项“努力找到一个双方都方便的时间并
坚持下去”符合语境。
2.E 细节句。根据设空处前一句中的 what method works best for you both可知,
此处建议朋友之间也要谈论一下彼此喜欢的交流方式,故选E项。
3.G 细节句。本文关注的是远距离的友谊,说明朋友是分隔两地的,设空处后一
句中提到了 The friend who is remaining 和the friend who has moved,分别指留下
来的朋友和离开的朋友,这与G项中的the friend who left 和the one who was left
behind相呼应。
4.A 主旨句。此段中提到了 Anniversaries(周年纪念日)、birthdays(生日)以及
other important dates(其他重要的日子),这都是在告诉我们要记住重要的日子,故
选A项。
5.F 细节句。小标题已提出建议——不要只依赖科技手段,最后一句中也提到了
要花时间面对面交流,所以设空处所在句子想表达的是:通过社交媒体让朋友间产
生建立了良好关系的感觉很容易,但是远距离的友谊可能需要更多刻意的努力来
维持,故选F项。
02-2022全国甲
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important
rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal
with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.
When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are
parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.
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People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 , instead
preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your
fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their
spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef
that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese
to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but
they are important in various countries. 5 , the more comfortable you'll begin to
feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了外出就餐时需要了解的与文化有关的餐
饮礼节。
1.D 过渡句。上句指出与文化有关的餐饮礼节中的一些重要规则可能会让你大
吃一惊。 下句指出了无论你在世界的哪个地方,知道一些提示将有助于确保你
与朋友或家人一起愉快地吃一顿饭。D项“不要被人发现在餐馆犯了一个令人
尴尬的错误”衔接上下文。
2.F 细节句。根据小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知本部分讲的是使用筷子的规
矩。上句指出吃饭间隙放下筷子的时候,一定要把它们放在一起,和你面前的桌子
边缘平行这一恰当做法。F项“不要把筷子直直地插在食物上,也不要在使用筷
子时把它们交叉”说的是使用筷子的错误做法,F项中的them指代chopsticks,符
合行文逻辑。
3.C 细节句。根据小标题“Hands or Utensils”并结合下文可知本部分讲的是不
同国家的人们就餐时用手还是用餐具的不同习俗。设空处的上下文说明了印度
和中东、法国、智利、泰国的就餐方式。结合设空处后面提到的“而是更喜欢
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用手”可知,C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合语境。
4.G 细节句。根据小标题“Making Requests”可知本部分讲的是“发出请
求”。下文指出了在葡萄牙和意大利,发出请求将是一个严重的错误,因为这表明
你不喜欢厨师的调味技术。G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉似乎是一个简单的请
求”符合语境。下句中的“this”指代G项中描述的这一请求。
5.B 细节句。根据设空处后面的逗号和“the more comfortable...”可将答案锁定
在A、B两项,构成“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”这一句型。下文指出“你就会
开始对这个国家的异域文化习俗感到越舒服”,B项“你在上述任何一个国家待
的时间越长”符合语境。下文中的“its”对应B项中的“any given country”。
2021
01-2021全国乙
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to
make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's
house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous,
trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a
question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you'll be able to get a lot more
interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in
“I have this old, broken⁃down vehicle”or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”It just opens up conversation.
3 ? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away
their soapbox(讲台). If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen
with something and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner⁃party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced
with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone
talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). 5 . Just quickly turn around
and say,“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
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F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop
talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness
the most
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者主要介绍了杰西卡·哈吉的书中讲到的几种在人
际交往中让自己有趣的小窍门。
1.B 主旨句。文章第一段提到让自己在宴会上有趣并不难。下文应该讲具体的
方法是什么,B项中的“The first step”符合语篇逻辑结构。其次,本段第二句中的
be adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers 与 B 选项中的 go
exploring对应,所以B项是正确的。
2.C 细节句。设空处前一句提到如果你能以一个不同的问题开启对话,那么你
会跟对方有一个更有趣的交流。根据关键词question,将答案锁定在选项C。其
次,设空处后的代词it应该指代设空处所说的问题,后面部分中提到的“vehicle”
和“bus”指的是交通方式,和C选项中 “How did you get here?”相对应,结合上述
两点可知选C。
3.F 主旨句。设空处后面为问号,所选的句子应该是疑问句,可锁定 A 项和 F
项。根据设空处后面两句可知本段主要讲的是如何应对某一部分参加聚会的
人。原文“If you can't take their wine away...”中的 wine 对应 F 项中的 drink 一
词,soapbox对应talking一词,可知要应对的是喝酒太多或话多的人。故选F项。
4.E 细节句。本段主旨是如何应对喝酒太多或话多的人。设空处前一句讲的是
应对他的一种方式——将他支开(ask them to help you in the kitchen)。E项中的
have little to say与第3空主旨句的won't stop talking相对应,由此可知设空处讲的
是另一种应对的方法,所以可以确定E项是正确的。
5.G 过渡句。设空处前面讲到可以通过赞扬主人来化解沉默的尴尬,最后一句
讲到“This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”,这是一
句赞扬主人的话。设空处所选句子处于两句中间,应该提到主人,G项中的He or
she 对应的是上文的 the host,awkwardness 对应的是本段第一句中的 awkward
silence,由此可知G项正确。
02-2021全国甲
Swap, Don't Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right?But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and
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paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying
loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment.
So what to do with all those perfectly⁃good⁃but⁃you're⁃maybe⁃a⁃little⁃sick⁃of⁃them
clothes piled on your bedroom floor? 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used
clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the
event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do!Here are a few
pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be
enough things to choose from;more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
● 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new”
clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a
few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them
on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the
clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.
5 . And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者主要描述了如何通过交换衣服,从而实现保护环
境的目的。
1.B 细节句。设空处前一句提出问题,设空处应该做出回答,根据标题中的Swap
及第一段中不断出现的关键词clothing,我们可以快速锁定B项,设空处后一句中
的代词It指的是举办服饰交换聚会这件事。
2.A 细节句。根据设空处前句提到的“邀请5至10人”及设空处后面的there
may not be enough things to choose from 及more than that可知,“邀请5至10人”
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与A选项Less people than that相呼应,that指代5至10人这一信息,there may not
be enough things to choose from 则是 Less people than that 所产生的后果,与 it
becomes uncontrollable形成对比。
3.G 主旨句。设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致,即应是祈使句。G选项中
的everyone与设空处后句的主语They相对应。此外,设空处后句的also表明前
后是并列关系,说明此空有与 prepare 相关的动作,这一点与选项 G 中的 bring
clean clothes in good condition相符。
4.F 细节句。设空处前句表示将不同类型的衣物放置在房间的不同面上,此处表
示让前来交换衣物的朋友们将自己带来的衣物放置在正确的位置。前句中的
Put...on different surfaces 对应了 F 选项中的 put...in the right spots,surfaces 和
spots两者说的都是位置,前后句之间衔接十分紧密,顺承关系明显。
5.D 细节句。由空后的And可知,前后应该是并列关系,再结合句意“不要忘记
准备好一些曲奇饼和水果”以及Remember, it's a party!可知此处是与party相关
的内容,选项D“让音乐一直播放着”符合语境。
2020
01-2020全国Ⅰ
A Few Tips for Self⁃Acceptance
We all want it...to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult
and too far out of reach. 1 Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right
direction.
● 2 Do not follow the people who make you feel not⁃good⁃enough. Why
do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because
your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in
this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our
shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 3 You will make mistakes, time
and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why
not offer yourself a compassionate( 有同情心的 ) response? “That didn't go as
planned. But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train
your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and
achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 4
●Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in
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your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough.
Now, read these words back to yourself. 5 Turn to a page in your journal to
your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A.Feeling upset again?
B.Where do you start?
C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D.Remember, you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self⁃acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start?
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。每个人都想接纳和爱自己,但有时候这并不是件易
事,因此我们需要学习一些自我接纳的小技巧。本文就此给出了建议。
1.B 过渡句。由设空处前一句(但有时它似乎太困难,太遥不可及)及后一句(下
面是一些可以让你找到正确的方向的方法)可知, B项“Where do you start?(你从
哪里开始呢?)”从问题过渡到下文解决问题的办法,符合逻辑。
2.F 主 旨 句 。 本 段 中 “ Do not follow the people who make you feel
not⁃good⁃enough.”和“your life is better than theirs”对应F项的关键词comparing,
故选F项(停止拿自己和别人比较)。
3.D 细节句。由本段第一句可知本段讲的是原谅自己所犯的错。由设空处后一
句“You will make mistakes, time and time again.(你会反复犯错误)”可知D项(记
住,你只是一个人)给出了原因。
4.C 细节句。本段第四句话中的“accomplishments and achievements”对应C项
中的“celebrate”,设空处前一句中的“got out of bed today”对应 C 项中的
“small”。因此C项(再小的事也值得庆祝)是最佳选项。
5.A 过渡句。由本段第一句中的“you've listed your strengths, list your
imperfections”及后文可知,阅读有关 strengths 和 achievements 的日志时,感觉是
awesome,而阅读imperfections的日志时感觉自然就是upset。故A项符合文意。
02-2020全国Ⅱ
Emoji(表情符号)and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of
millions, both at work and play. 1 . It's been reported that 76 percent of
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employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add
humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 2 , encouraging better and more
frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and
finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3 . While
the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working
with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good
news is that it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn't received an email so annoying
that it ruined an entire day? 4 . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier,
and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
5 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when
your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you'll
know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A.Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B.Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C.Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D.The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat
platform
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了在工作场合使用表情符号的几个优点。
1.D 过渡句。these是对上一句中messaging platforms的指代,the popularity照应
下一句中76 percent of employees...are using emojis at work。且空前讲的是亚洲地
区的情况,空后说明了西方国家的现状,与globally照应。故D项是最佳选项。
2.A 细节句。上一句说使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情,让意图清楚,设空处
进一步讲述表情符号在交流中的功能。故选A项(使用表情符号的信息让人感觉
更具有会话性)。
3.G 细节句。本段首句表明雇员的年龄范围从22到70及以上,找到一个共同的
交流方式可能是个挑战。设空处具体解释应对挑战的方法。故选G项。
4.B 细节句。这一段阐明表情符号在语气中的作用。上一句为电子邮件如此令
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人烦恼,设空处衔接上文,甚至正式的电子邮件也会冰冷和不友好。故选B项。
5.F 主旨句。根据本段内容,尤其是后半句的that positive outcome可以推测此处
为主旨句,表示“研究表明更为友好的交流有助于建立更快乐的工作氛围”。
因此,F项是最佳选项。
03-2020全国Ⅲ
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves
into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one
who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the
person on the new home. 1 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love
and hopefully presents.
2 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new
home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry
include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry,
a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of
art or a plant.
3 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food
served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.
The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of
their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a
person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people
would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 5 Now most homes have
central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A.This isn't usual though.
B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D.If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了搬进新家时举办的乔迁派对(俗称温
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居)。
1.E 细节句。设空处前面提到在这个派对上亲友们可以祝贺组织者买了新房子,
设空处下句说在派对上可以用爱和礼物充实新家。由此可知此处讲的是乔迁派
对的功能。E项符合语境,选项中的chance是关键词,It指代前面的The party。
2.B 主旨句。设空处后面的几句话中都提到了人们参加乔迁派对要准备礼物。
选项B是对下面几句话的概括。
3.C 主旨句。设空处后的句子提到在乔迁派对上主人准备的食物不多,可见客
人们可以带吃的东西过去。C项与此对应。
4.A 过渡句。设空处前面主要讲因为主人刚搬家不久,所以客人们可能被要求
帮助拆开箱子,拿出东西。A 项中的“This”就是指代“people may be asked to
help unpack boxes”,且“isn't usual”与“Sometimes”呼应。
5.G 细节句。设空处前面提到乔迁派对的起源:很久以前人们会把木柴作为礼
物带到新居,与G项行文逻辑上保持一致。
2019
01-2019课标全国Ⅰ
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 1
According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your
camping area is good.
2 If the air you're breathing is clean—which it would be if you're away
from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life⁃giving, energizing oxygen. If
you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even
more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world
and healing(治愈). 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their
recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress,
lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for
us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a
faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 It gives us a great
feeling of peace.
5 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us
beneficial vitamin D. To make sure you get enough vitamin D—but still protect your
skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen
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minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's
worth of vitamin D.
A.Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B.So what are you waiting for?
C.Being in nature refreshes us.
D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F.Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章围绕新鲜空气是否对我们有好处这一话题进行
阐述。
1.E 过渡句。设空处前句提到 “go out and get some fresh air”,设空处后一句是
针对提问的回答“the answer is a big YES”,而E项是一个一般疑问句,且与呼吸新
鲜空气有关,符合语境。
2.A 主旨句。设空处后面一整段都是在阐述呼吸新鲜空气的好处,而空气的呼
吸与A项中的lungs有联系,所以选择A项。
3.G 细节句。设空处前一句中的关键词 healing与G项中的Healing对应,G项
中的 recovery 与设空处后一句中的 recovery 对应。此外,G 项中出现 Healing
Gardens,后一句马上出现In these places来指代它,因此选G项。
4.C 过渡句。根据本段的第三句 In these places patients can go to be near nature
during their recovery.可知,此段讲了接近大自然有助于病人的康复,C 项中的 in
nature与In these places有关,空后一句中的It就是Being in nature。所以C项最
符合上下文语境。
5.D 主旨句。设空处后一句中的 the sun's rays与D项中的sunlight对应。而D
项中的Another side benefit of getting fresh air 又是对前面段落中阐述呼吸新鲜空
气有好处的延伸,因此D项是最佳选项。
02-2019课标全国Ⅱ
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the
question:“Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation
and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 1 Like the child on the
diving board, you will stay undecided.
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2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First,
you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your
achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite
important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when
your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want
to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term
objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals
are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in
mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want
to be a pilot but can't become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5
You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most
unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you
plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A.This can affect your work.
B.So how should you motivate yourself?
C.However, this should not discourage you.
D.So why should we try to set specific goals?
E.They can change according to circumstances.
F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G.Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章从介绍动机和目标开始,告诉我们如何确立正确
的动机和目标对我们更有益。
1.G 过渡句。由设空处上句话 Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the
same coin.(动机和目标的设定是一件事情的两个方面。)和设空处下句 Like the
child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.(就像跳水板上的孩子一样,你会
犹豫不决)可知,中间需要加一个过渡的句子:若没有动机……。故选G。
2.B 主旨句。设空处后面的how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal是
引出该段话题或是对主旨句的进一步说明。选项 B中的motivate yourself和stay
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motivated由more than that连接起来。故选B。
3.A 过渡句。根据设空处前的 There are times when your heart is not in your
work.(有时你的心会不在你的工作上。)可知,接下来会说这样做的后果(影响你的
工作)。故选A。
4.E 细节句。设空处前面的句子提到Remember that goals are flexible.(要记得目
标是灵活的。),接下来可能会接着解释它们会改变。选项E中的They与上句话
中的goals指代一致。故选E。
5.C 过渡句。由设空处上句话中的 you may want to be a pilot but can't become
one because your eyesight is not good enough 可知,接下来会告诉我们解决这个问
题的办法。根据设空处下句话中的 You should reassess your goals可知应该先是
精神上不泄气,再是行为上的重新评估目标,选C项。
03-2019课标全国Ⅲ
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors
is very important. 1 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously
many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)
of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
● 2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before
asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲) and learning
management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
●Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open⁃ended forums for
dialogue. 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a
point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
●Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses,
financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension,
simply explain the situation to the professor. 4
●Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 5 When a student
attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about
the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be
sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A.That's what they are for.
B.Turn to an online instructor for help.
C.If more information is needed, they will ask.
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D.Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E.Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners.
F.Everyone has taken a not⁃so⁃great class at one time or another.
G.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章针对如何与在线课程教授沟通为学生提出了一
些建议。
1.E 过渡句。设空处前提出与在线(online)课程教授有着良好的沟通很重要,下
文介绍了该做的和不该做的事情,因此答案为E项。
2.G 主旨句。根据 Do's和Don'ts中各段首句的特点可知,设空处为主题句并且
是祈使句,设空处后一句中的关键词Questions与G项中的questions对应,因此答
案为G项。
3.A 细节句。由设空处前面的句子 Participate in discussion forums, blogs and
other open⁃ended forums for dialogue.中的关键信息可知,A 项中的 That 指代
dialogue,they指代 discussion forums, blogs and other open⁃ended forums,因此答案
为A项。
4.C 细节句。本段建议学生不要和教授聊个人话题,你在说完后,如果有必要,教
授会进一步向你提问,因此答案为C项。
5.F 细节句。本段建议学生如果对教授的课程有意见,不要公开发表不满,F项提
到每个人都曾经上过不太好的课,与前后文内容相关联,因此答案为F项。
2018
01-2018课标全国Ⅰ
Color is fundamental in home design—something you'll always have in every
room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to
creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life?
Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 1 , color
is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help
designers approach this important point. 2 , they can get a little complex. But good
news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color
in your home:the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
3 . They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets
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that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your
walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with
them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables
or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they
have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors.
Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put
into it are significant. 5 .
A.While all of them are useful
B.Whatever you're looking for
C.If you're experimenting with a color
D.Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E.It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F.So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major
ways
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了在家居装修时选择颜色的方法。
1.B 细节句。上文提出了三个问题,本句应该对上文的问题做出回应,B项符合
语境,句意为“无论你在寻求什么样的房间,要想让房间给你想要的感觉,颜色至
关重要”。B项中的looking for为原词再现。
2.A 细节句。上句指出,在过去的这些年,有很多不同的技巧帮助设计者达到这
重要的一点。本句应该对这些技巧做出回应,A项符合语境,其中的all of them代
指上句中的different techniques。
3.D 主旨句。上段末尾指出了需要做出的三个决定(the small ones, the medium
ones, and the large ones)。根据最后两段首句(Medium color choices...和The large
color decisions...)可知,这两段分别介绍了后两个决定,结合段落内容可知本段介绍
第一个决定,故D项符合段落主题。
4.G 过渡句。空格前的句子列举了中等物件的例子,空格后由and连接的两个分
句从两方面与小物件的颜色选择进行了比较,故G项符合语境。two major ways
与下句内容一致。
5.F 细节句。上文指出,在对大物件的颜色做出选择时,付出的时间、精力和相
关的费用都很多,F项为该话题的延续,符合语境。
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02-2018课标全国Ⅱ
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!With such busy
lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the
morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to
handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2
●Your metabolism(新陈代谢)gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the
mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole
day, not in your sleep.
● 4 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better
than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult
to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
● 5 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely
to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their
good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive
choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your
alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all
day long.
A.You will stick to your diet.
B.Your quality of sleep improves.
C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E.You can keep your head clear for 4—10 hours after exercise.
F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen
up!
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。早上锻炼不仅有利于身体健康,而且还可以提高效
率、促进新陈代谢、提高睡眠质量并帮你保持良好的饮食习惯。
1.G 过渡句。空格前的句子指出在繁忙的生活中很难找到时间锻炼,空格后的
句子则指出了早上锻炼具有许多益处,G项意为“如果你计划定期锻炼或者现在
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正在锻炼,那么注意听!”,能很好地连接上下文。
2.E 细节句。本段指出早上锻炼有助于提高效率,让你更加清醒地处理这一天的
事情,E项意为“锻炼后的4到10个小时内,你可以保持清醒的头脑”。awake与
E项中的keep your head clear意思一致。
3.F 细节句。F项中的“continue to burn calories throughout the day”与设空处后
句中的“will be getting the calorie burning benefits for the whole day”意义一致,故
F项正确。
4.B 主旨句。本段指出,研究发现早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡眠更好,故B
项符合本段主旨,意为“你的睡眠质量会提高”。
5.A 主旨句。阅读本段可知,早上锻炼,你会更有可能全天坚持健康饮食,因为你
不想因为吃垃圾食品而毁掉锻炼的积极效果。A项符合本段主旨,意为“你会坚
持你的饮食习惯”。stick to为原词再现。
03-2018课标全国Ⅲ
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance
expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in
between.
1 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We
dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I
can't imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all
ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 It's great to watch them. For many of
them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.”
3 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They're learning
to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a
smile. 4 ”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier?Andrea
Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these
years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to stop!Dancing reminds
me I'm alive.”
A.So why do we dance?
B.Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D.My older students say it makes them feel young.
E.I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.
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F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。作者首先描述了跳舞
在美国的受欢迎程度,接着描述了自己一生为跳舞疯狂的生活。
1.B 本句为主旨句。空格位于段首,空格后描述跳舞在美国的流行程度,由此可
知到处都能看到美国人在跳舞,与B项吻合。
2.D 本句为过渡句。空格前作者用直接引语的方式描述了“教舞蹈简直太美妙
了”。空格后句子中出现的代词 them指代的就是Bridges所教的学生。 D 项中
的 student s 和 them 相对应 ,所以答案为D项。
3.A 本句为主旨句。空格位于段首,后面以一对年轻夫妻为例说明了跳舞给他
们带来的好处,回答了A项(那么,我们为什么要跳舞呢?)的问题。
4.F 本句为细节句。空格前描述这对夫妻刚来到舞蹈班时情绪低落,当他们离开
的时候脸上露出了微笑。这与F项(舞蹈好像彻底改变了他们的情绪。)相符。
5.E 本句为过渡句。空格前描述这么多年来 Hillier想跳得越来越好。空格后描
述Hillier发现自己就是停不下来,跳舞让Hillier知道自己还活着。这与E项(即使
当我非常累的时候我还在练习跳舞。)相符。
2017
01-2017课标全国Ⅰ
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my
weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people
who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They
had nothing in common with me. 1
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.
2 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take
the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two
days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for
my son's food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the
wilderness. 3 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an
air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities
of life.
4 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot
travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate
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bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet
and curtains.
5 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to
nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A.This time there was no tent.
B.Things are going to be improved.
C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了作者由讨厌露
营到喜欢露营的过程。
1.D 过渡句。本空位置在第一段的结尾。设题处前面的句子表明作者三年前对
露营的抵触心理,后面的段落描述了露营的经历。由此看出本题对应的句子起到
承上启下的作用,而且具有转折的功能。 D 选项中的关键信息 since then 和
however 起到明显的衔接作用 ,故为正确答案。
2.C 概括句。前面的句子指出作者的朋友们带他参加了一次露营;后面的句子
较详细地描写了那次露营的经历,但多是比较艰苦的体验。根据上下文可知,本句
应该是一个概括句,总体说明这次露营的状况。 C 项中的 they 与前面的 friends
对应,rough可以概括这次露营的特征,所以是正确答案。
3.A 细节句。本空所在段落描述了一次愉快的露营经历,本空后面的副词
Instead是一个重要的衔接标志词,表明本空后面的内容与本空的信息相反。A选
项中的no tent与camper照应。故选A。
4.F 过渡句。设空处在段首,引出一个新话题。本空后面的代词 We是一个很强
的衔接标志词,表明本空对应的句子中应该有包括作者在内的复数人群。根据这
个线索, 选项 F 中的 my family 与 W e 恰好对应 ,故答案为F项。
5.E 总结句。设空处在最后一段(结语段)的段首,是全文的概括,又起到承上启下
的作用。选项E中的关键信息come to enjoy camping既是对前面几段的概括总
结,也能够顺畅地衔接下句内容,即希望别人也能亲近大自然。
02-2017课标全国Ⅱ
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work
done. 1 , there are several ways to handle things. Let's take a look at them now.
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2 . Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to
do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to
come back during that time or that you'll find them then. 3 . It can help to
eliminate(消除)future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don't do it in your own office. 4 , it's
much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get
someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 5 . If someone knocks
and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy
so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed, you're not to be disturbed.
A.If you're busy, don't feel bad about saying no
B.When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D.If you're in the other person's office or in a public area
E.It's important that you let them know when you'll be available
F.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G.Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了在工作中避免
被干扰的四种方法。
1.B 细节句。空格处为从句,空格后的部分为主句,只有B项和D项符合要求。
主句指出“有几种可以解决问题的方法”,B项内容符合语境要求。D项内容与
主句所述内容不一致。
2.A 主旨句。上一段最后一句为:现在让我们看看这些应对方法。由此可见,第
二段应介绍应对打扰的第一种方法。空白处后的句子提到“告诉这个人你很抱
歉并解释……”。选项A“如果你很忙,不要为拒绝他人而感到难为情”符合语
境。
3.E 过渡句。上文指出,别人要干扰你时,你要设定好时间,让别人知道什么时候
再来找你或你什么时候去找他们。下文指出,这样有助于消除后续的干扰,解释了
前一句所说内容的原因。结合上下文可知,E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空很
重要”符合语境。
4.D 细节句。这一段讲的是与他人谈话的地点的选择问题。上文指出,你需要
和他人谈谈时,不要在自己的办公室做这件事。空白处应填入从句。D项是一个
if引导的从句,意为“如果你在对方的办公室或公共区域”,此项涉及地点,符合上
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下文语境和句子结构的要求。
5.G 过渡句。door为关键词。本段主要讲述如何利用办公室的门,以避免忙时
被打扰。上文指出,如果办公室有一扇门的话,要充分利用。G项意为“有空交谈
时就开着门,反之则关上门”, it 指代前一句中的 door 。故选G。
03-2017课标全国Ⅲ
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the
alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body
clock. 1 Here’s how to make one.
● 2 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do
you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or
just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your
family or roommates about the change you want to make.
●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-
arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your
family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 3
That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a
timer.
●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday
night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the
weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study
found. 4
●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write
down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your
record. 5 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A.Get a sleep specialist.
B.Find the right motivation.
C.A better plan for sleep can help.
D.And consider setting a second alarm.
E.If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
答案
[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文,介绍了制订计划从而可以轻松起床的一些诀窍。
短文分为五段:第一段提出许多人感到起床比较困难,指出良好的计划有助于这一
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问题的解决,引出下文内容;第二段讲起床的诀窍之一是找到合适动机;第三段指
出要重新考虑早晨的安排;第四段讲周末应该保持一贯的作息时间;第五段讲作记
录并每周进行评估。
1.C 过渡句。本题前面的内容说许多人感到早上起床困难,将之归咎于闹钟,事
实上轻松早起的关键在于重新设定你的生物钟。后面说如何制订一个(计划)。
由此可以判断,C项A better plan for sleep can help.符合题意。
2.B 主旨句。本题位于第二段段首。后面说,为了改变,你需要决定它为什么重
要。及时起床是为了与家人一起吃早饭?锻炼身体?还是做好一天的安排?一旦明
确了原因,就告诉家人或室友你想要作出的变化。由此可知,本段的关键词是早起
的原因或动机。B项Find the right motivation.是对本段内容最好的概括。
3.G 细节句。本题位于第三段中。后一句说如果你买一台带定时器的咖啡机,
你就会多出一刻钟的睡觉时间。G项意为“重新考虑你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡时
所花的15分钟时间。”,与后一句完全契合。
4.F 细节句。本题所在段落讲的是周末应该保持一贯的作息时间。F项意为
“无论哪一天,都坚持固定的睡觉和醒来时间。”,符合语境。故正确选项为F。
5.E 过渡句。本题在段落中间。前一句说新方法试用一周之后,要看一看你的记
录。后一句说如果不行,再看一看你可以尝试的别的方法。由此可以判断,E项符
合语境。
2016
01-2016课标全国Ⅰ
Secret codes(密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government
agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by
computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking
never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded
messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters
of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”
3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number
the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each
letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the
message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4 For example,
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“bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand for “me”.The message“Bridge
out”would actually mean“Meet me.” 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code
book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other
words.
G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of
the alphabet.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了密码的用途、历史以及三种密码方
式。
1.D 过渡句。上句提到:人们使用密码已经几千年了。下句提到:密码的破解从
未太落后于密码的设定。由此可知D项符合语境,意为“只要有密码,人们就会
尽力去破解它们。”
2.E 过渡句。上句提到:有三种主要的密码设定方式。下句提到:例如,“My
elephant eats too many eels”的首字母就拼出了“Meet me”这一隐藏起来的信息。
由此可知本句应该为一种密码的设定方式,根据下句举到的例子可知E项正确,意
为“你可以用每个单词的首字母拼写出一条信息,以此来隐藏它。”
3.G 主旨句。上段指出有三种主要的密码设定方式,并且已经提到了一种,本段
应该指出另外一种。下文举例说明了用数字来代替字母的密码方式,由此可知G
项能起到统领本段的作用,意为“另外一种隐藏信息的方式就是用符号来代替字
母表中特定的字母。”
4.F 细节句。上句指出:要解读某个真实密码的信息,你必须要有密码本。本句
是对上句的解释说明,结合下文举到的例子,可推断出本句主要解释如何利用密码
本来破解隐藏起来的信息。F项符合语境,意为“拥有了密码本,你也许就能写出
代表其他单词的单词。”
5.A 细节句。上文指出了利用密码本来破解密码的方式。A项是总结上文内容
得出的结论,意为“没有密码本就很难破解密码”,而且根据下句“...it is also
hard to...”的句型结构也可得知A项符合语境。
高级词块 1.code breaking密码破译 2.cryptography/krɪpˈtɒrəfi/ n.密码学
3.substitute...for...用……代替……
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02-2016课标全国Ⅱ
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the
atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts? 1
.But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and
understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach
the gardening process.
● 2
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns
and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require
less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 3 .However, there are a number of other
reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our
earliest years.
●Recall(回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s
rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s
important. 4 —how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a
powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of
your youth. 5 .Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood
memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A.Know why you garden
B.Find a good place for your own garden
C.It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D.It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G.For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何种植和经营好自己的花园和菜
园。
1.F 过渡句。上句提到了氛围,F项中that kind of magical quality 指代上句中的
内容,故选F项。
2.A 主旨句。本段列举了一些人的观点之后,提到 other reasons that might
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explain why you want to garden,由此可以推断出本段的主旨就是:你要知道自己为
什么要种植花木。
3.E 细节句。根据本段中的 Some people may think that...Others are concerned
about...可推断出此处应该是:Still others may...。
4.C 过渡句。上句提到:但是那并不重要。本句应为:重要的是我们自己种植花
木的经历。matters=is important,故选C项。
5.G 过渡句。上句提到:通过花费时间回想你青年时期的园子开始吧。本句应
为:为记忆中的每一个园子,写下你最深刻的记忆。引出下文:然后走出去,制订一
个计划把你小时候的记忆转化为你成年后的园子。
03-2016课标全国Ⅲ
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people
don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person
per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and
cooking fish isn’t difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an
easy way.
3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the
ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 4 When you
have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if
you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a
day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and
season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it
in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take
more time.)Then, it’s ready to serve.
A.Do not buy it.
B.The easiest is to steam it.
C.This is how you can do it.
D.It just requires a little knowledge.
E.The fish will go bad within hours.
F.When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小窍门。
1.G 细节句。上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益,本句是对上句的解释说明,G项符
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合语境,意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。”
2.D 细节句。上句指出:购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句,D项
符合语境,意为“它只需要一点儿知识”。
3.F 主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味,由此可判断F项
为主题句,意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道”。
4.A 细节句。上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜,本句承接上句,指出不
要购买这样的鱼,故A项正确。
5.B 过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种,根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲
述了清蒸的方法,故B项正确,意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸”。
2015
01-2015课标全国Ⅰ
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a
risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that
results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately,we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen
from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes
people simply can’t trust anymore. 2 It’s understandable,but if you’re willing to
build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there.
● 3 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices
because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
● 4 If you’ve been betrayed,you are the victim of your circumstance.But
there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.At
some point in all of our lives,we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
●You didn’t lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at
the situation from this hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful
for all of the good in your life. 5 Instead,it’s a healthy way to work through the
experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
A.Learn to really trust yourself.
B.It is putting confidence in someone.
C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
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G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what
happened.
答案
[语篇解读] 人和人之间需要相互信任,赢得别人的信任并不是一件容易的事。
我们也曾在某个特定的关系群中失去了对别人的信任,成了背叛的受害者。如何
重新在这个关系群中建立起那份信任呢?本文给出了几条建议。
1.B 第一段阐述了什么是“信任”。空格前说 Trust is a learned behavior...,空格
后说Trust is a risk.由此推断出选B项。
2.E 空格前列举了遭遇背叛的几种情况:被偷、被撒谎、被误导、被欺骗,这些
事情的发生使人们受到了深深的伤害,他们不能容忍它再次发生。故选E项。
3.A 根据后面句子中的Having confidence in yourself可知此处作者建议:学会真
正信任你自己。故选A项。
4.C 根据后面句子中的 you are the victim 和 being a victim 以及 a “victim
mentality”可知此处作者的建议是:不要再把自己当成一个受害者。故选C项。
5.G 空格前作者建议:不要从绝望的角度看局面,而要感激你生活中所有的好的
方面。空格后作者说:这是一种健康的方式……。由此推断出此处答案为 G项:
看到事情积极的方面并不意味着你在忽视已经发生的事情。
02-2015课标全国Ⅱ
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady,gradual increases
in the length of the runs. 1 ,buy the best-fitting,best-built running shoes you can
find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet,so
you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When
you have found shoes that seem right,walk in them for a few days to double-check the
fit. 2 .As always,you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to
prevent injuries.
During the first week,do not think about distance,but run five minutes longer
each day. 3 ,it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week,set a goal
of at least a mile and a half per run. 4 .After two weeks,start timing yourself. 5
.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter,you can set up a timetable for the
remaining weeks before the race.
A.After six days
B.For a good marathon runner
C.Before you begin your training
D.With each day,increase the distance by a half mile
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E.If they still feel good,you can begin running in them
F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
答案
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了马拉松训练需要认真的准备和稳定、渐进的过程。
1.C 根据第二段中的During the first week可知这里是指训练前的准备工作,故选
C。
2.E 设空处与其前一句是顺承关系,故选E。
3.A 根据上文During the first week 和下文 take a day off to rest 可知,一周七天
里训练六天后休息一天是明智的,故选A。
4.D 根据本段第一句中的During the first week, do not think about distance 和第
二个But可知,这里要考虑距离的问题了,故选D。
5.G 设空处对上文进行总结,根据下文的timetable和设空处前两句话可知,这里
是增加距离和设定时间的目标。故选G。
北京卷（2015—2024）
2024北京
If you want to develop maximum credibility(可信性), is it better to be a
hedgehog(刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one
thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers
tend to answer yes. 1 And they are usually very credible in doing so.
According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that
lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well.
They figure out what they are good at. 2 The hedgehog concept
makes perfect sense for companies.
3 Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the
Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has
found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they
are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not
match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out
new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with
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uncertainty and new information.
4 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude
it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know
and don’t know.
So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog
style.5
The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most
effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as
foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as
exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support
their position.
答案
[语篇解读]本文是说明文（总—分—总结构）。作者分别介绍了刺猬式思维和
狐狸式思维的特点，并在最后提出要成为“貌似狐狸的刺猬”。
1. G 前一句说拥有刺猬式思维的人往往回答“是”，后一句说并且他们这样
做通常是非常可信的。后一句中的And表示递进关系，so指代设空处内容。再
结合后面的“They focus on one thing and do it really well.”可知，拥有刺猬
式思维的人专注于一件事，而且做得很好。浏览选项可以发现，G项（他们明
确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场）与之相符，故选G。
2. C 前文说拥有刺猬式思维的人专注于一件事，而且做得很好，他们清楚自
己擅长的东西。C项中的clarity and confidence是对他们的特点的总结概括，
这与选项中的Hence（因此）所表示的因果关系呼应，故选C。
3. D 设空处位于段首，考虑段落主旨句。根据后文中的“hedgehogs
are...wrong more often than foxes”以及“less likely to recognise or admit that
they are wrong”可知，拥有刺猬式思维的人比拥有狐狸式思维的人更容易出错，
而且他们不太可能意识到或承认自己错了。由此可知，本段主要讲的是拥有刺
猬式思维的人的缺点，因此D项（但专注于一件大事可能会有负面影响）符合
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语境。故选D。
4. F 前文说拥有狐狸式思维的人更有可能从更广泛的来源中找到新信息，并
更善于应对不确定性和新信息。后一句说他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不
是将其排除在自己的思维之外。后一句中的 it指代的内容在设空处中。浏览选
项可以发现，F 项（当某件事情与他们的观点相悖时，他们不会将其视为特
例）与之相符，故选F。
5. A 最后一段是总结段。首句问拥有刺猬式思维的人和拥有狐狸式思维的人
哪个更好。后文说选择成为拥有刺猬式思维的人或是拥有狐狸式思维的人是一
种错误的权衡，最有效的方式是成为兼备狐狸和刺猬特征的人。再结合前面几
段内容可知，A项（换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势）符合语境，且与 try to
be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog呼应，故选A。
2023北京
It's a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students
and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college.
Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 1 .
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they're often
surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 2 .
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on
average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 3
.The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the
link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one
of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on
teaching in higher education. Administrators often don't view teaching
excellence as a way to increase enrolment(注册) or funding. 4 .
Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower
their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using
traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
5 . Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-
quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and
increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the
mission.
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What should students and their families do? They should give strong
consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though
the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor:the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently
emerged.
F. They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by
universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking
factors.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是议论文，主要针对当下教学水平较高的学校排名却并不靠前
这一现象展开讨论。作者希望学生和家长在选择大学时，应该重点关注教学质
量高的学校。
1. D前文指出排名系统（rankings systems）对于美国学生选择大学有重要的参
考价值。第二段指出，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名考虑。浏览选项可以
发现，D选项（然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量）与前文构成转折
关系，并起到引出下文的作用。
2. F设空处前一句话指出，一些家庭常常惊讶于优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入
排名考虑。F 选项（更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然如此轻视教学）中的 even
more surprised 与前文中的 surprised 构成递进关系。F 项中的 They 指代
families，且大学轻视教学这一现象在第四段中也有所体现。
3. G设空处前一句指出，最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面
的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。G选项（事实上，大学经常把重点从
教学转移到其他排名因素上）是对前文进行解释说明。
4. B设空处前一句指出，管理人员通常不把优秀的教学视为增加入学率或增加
资金的途径。B 选项（因此，它在招聘和晋升中不受重视）与之构成因果关
系，B选项中的it指代前文提到的teaching excellence。
5. E设空处后一句话说的是，然而，只有拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多的资
源、更高的排名和更多的入学人数，情况才会发生较大变化。基于对这句话的
理解，答案应满足以下两个条件：首先，设空处需要与后句构成转折关系；其
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次，该句想表达的核心意思是情况并不会发生太大的变化，因此设空处也应体
现一种情况。E选项（最近出现了大学努力提高教学水平这一现象）满足上述
条件。
2022北京
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due
to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 1 . It is the fitness
level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
2. We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are
healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our
body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any
disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.
3. This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the
fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we
live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 4.
For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.
There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do
them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least
six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune(免疫)
system and protects us against diseases. 5. This, in turn, gives us new
goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了身体健康能让我们拥有幸福且健康的生
活，以及保持健康的方法。
1. G根据空前一句中的“we tend to ignore our health”可推知，忽视身体健
康会导致的结果就是“makes our body suffer”；根据空后一句中的“helps us
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fight these diseases”可推知，设空处应该提到“diseases”。综合这些信息可
知，G选项能起到承上启下的作用。
2. B 空后两句“We need to be fit to have a healthy body...the fitness of our
body.”介绍了health 和 fitness两者之间的关系，而B选项说明了它们之间是
相互关联的，起到了主旨句的作用，符合语境。
3. D空前一句中的“be targeted by viruses”与 D选项中的“we may have a
tendency to catch a cold easily”紧密衔接，且空后一句中的“This”指代的就
是D选项中的“have a tendency to catch a cold easily”。
4. F空前一句中的“to devote some time to health and fitness”和空后一句中
的“must exercise daily”都与 F 选项中的“activities which everyone should
do”相呼应，也就是我们要花时间锻炼，保持身体健康。
5. C根据本段第一句可知，本段介绍放松身体的重要性。C选项中的“helps in
keeping us calm and relaxes our mind”与本段主旨相匹配，且C选项中的also
helps与空前一句中的helps相呼应。
2021北京
Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people.
1 The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued. Music could also be
helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes.
2 However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in
pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower
stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain.
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. 3
While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be
tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30
minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the
lowering of stress and anxiety.
When it comes to heart health, there is speculation (推测) that it’s not the style of
music, but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health. In one
European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart
rates and blood pressure. 4 On the other hand, when the music slowed, the
participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates
appeared to follow suit.
5 But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio
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could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.
A.This feeling can also result in many other health problems.
B.Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud.
C.This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D.They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep.
E.The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive.
F.It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and
anxiety.
G.Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart
rates were.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了音乐对于健康的益处。
1. F空前说“音乐对很多人来说一直是一种令人愉快的消遣方式”，空后说
“The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued.（音乐对心理健康的
益处是毋庸置疑的）”，由此可推断设空处应说明音乐对人的精神健康的作
用。这与 F 项中的“also highly popular”和“the individualized effects on
stress and anxiety”相呼应。
2. B 空后说“However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if
one is in pain.（然而，出于同样的原因，如果一个人处于痛苦之中，音乐是非
常有益的）”，However表转折，因此设空处为对音乐的负面评价，这与 B项
中的“music can be harmful if it is too loud”相呼应。
3. D空前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going
to bed.”，这与D项中的“calming the brain enough to sleep”相呼应。
4. G 空后说“On the other hand, when the music slowed，the participants’
stress and anxiety levels became lower...”，根据 On the other hand以及后面
的内容可推断设空处内容应与欢快的音乐和心率加快有关，这与 G项中的“the
more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were”相呼应。
5. E空后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up
the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable.”，
因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，这与E项（音乐对整体健康的影响令人
印象深刻）相吻合。
2020北京
Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's
head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In
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reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk
is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and
uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. 1
. Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to
form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive
thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to
stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in
what they do.
2. People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans (寿
命), lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological
health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships. 3. For
example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by
strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort
of buffer (缓冲作用) against depression and anxiety. Resilient (适应性强的)
people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a
chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth.
Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional
stress. 4.
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for
dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have
anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a
problem. 5.
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to
one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the
mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as
well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of
thinking.
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G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem,
even if small.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了积极思考对人的好处。
1. B由设空处前提到的“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person,
who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or
even the person himself.（自我对话是一个人持续不断的思绪，往往他对一些事
件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都不了解和不确定）”和后一句“Meanwhile,
positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a
positive view on an issue.（同时，积极思考有助于停止消极的自我对话，并开
始对一个问题形成积极的看法）”可知 B项（消极的自我对话会损害自信，降
低自尊）正确。
2. D设空处位于段首，设空处后的句子提到积极思考可以延长寿命，降低一些
疾病的发生率，并且可以帮助提高处理问题的能力。由此可知本段旨在说明积
极思考给人的身心带来的有益影响。D项与此对应。
3. C 由设空处前提到的“Positive thinking also contributes to one’s ability to
deal with problems and hardships.（积极思考也有助于提高一个人处理问题和
困难的能力）”及设空处后的具体事例（研究人员发现在一场伴随着强烈的情
绪的危机中，如自然灾害，积极思考可以提供一种缓冲作用来对抗抑郁和焦
虑）可知C项中的difficult situations与前文中的problems and hardships和后文
中的crisis相呼应，故选C项（它有助于一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和
自信）。
4. G由设空处前提到的“Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems
as a source of additional stress.（相反，悲观主义者倾向于把问题看作额外压
力的来源）”可知本句在说明悲观主义者面对问题时的态度，G项（他们常常
在试图解决问题之前很久就感到气馁，即使问题很小）是对前句中 additional
stress的进一步解释说明。
5. A本段为总结段，由本段第一句可知，积极思考是处理困难和提高生活质量
的强大、有效的工具。由设空处前提到的“It doesn’t have anything to do with
ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.（当一个人
拒绝留意问题时，这与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系）”可知，A项（它也不
会引起任何严重的情绪不适）是和前句共同对本段首句中的 positive thinking进
行的解释说明。
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2019北京
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished（完成） in teams.
Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group
of the most talented individuals. 1. Companies spend millions hiring
top business people. Is their money well spent?
2. They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results
are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team
proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are
top talent; above that level, the team's performance begins to decline.
Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where additional individual
talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a
good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their
actions.3.
In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on
teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team
performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent
will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is
lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point
total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to
a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play
team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.”4.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some
players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，
whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5. An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous
B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best
talent.
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G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and
basketball.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为论说文。本文主要讨论了一个优秀的团队中是否需要很多
有天赋的个人加入。
1. B设空处后的“Companies spend millions hiring top business people.”与B
项内容呼应，为并列关系，故答案为 B项（体育团队的老板们花数百万美元吸
引顶尖人才）。
2. E根据下文尤其是“They focused on football, basketball and baseball.”以及
“The results”可知，答案为 E项（最近的几项研究调查了人才在体育界中的
作用）。
3. G本段主要说明了任务互依性在不同运动项目中的作用以及对团队表现产生
的 影 响 ， 与 G 项 中 的 “ task interdependence” 相 对 应 ， 且 G 项 中 的
“distinguishes baseball from football and basketball”与下文 In baseball 相呼
应，故答案为G项。
4. D 根据设空处前的“If a basketball star is, for example...Young children
learning to play team sports are often told, ‘There is no I in TEAM.’”可
知这两句主要在讲basketball stars与young children在团队中不同的态度，所以
答案为D项（明星们显然不愿遵循这个体育精神的基本原则)。
5. F 根据设空处后的“ An A-team may require a balance—not just A
players...”可知答案为F项（建立一个理想的团队比仅仅雇用最好的人才更复
杂）。
2018北京
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are
various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct
bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering( 触 发 )events,
personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations. 1 .
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would
take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples:being cut off in
traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 2
. The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is
often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances.
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People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low
upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 3 . Also,
sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a
temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
4. Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-
anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的)outlooks on
situations can create anger.
5. However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know
the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these
main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day
and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as
well.
B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence
of anger.
C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is
usually advised to reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they
have reasons to feel angry.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger
is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are
willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why
what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章从三个方面向读者介绍了引起愤怒的原因，以
帮助减少愤怒的出现。
1. F设空处位于段尾，作者在该空之前先给出引起人们发怒的三个主要原因：
triggering events（触发事件）、personality traits（个人性格特征）、assessment
of situations（对形势的评估），然后通过F项引出下文。
2. G空前作者先列举出几个生活中的事件，通常人们在遇到这些事之后的反应
都是发怒；空后作者介绍“因为个人经历和心理特点的不同，所以面对某些事
时，有人发怒但也有人不生气”。所以该空应与前后句话题一致，说的是“人
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们对这些事件的反应是不尽相同的”，与G项一致。
3. E第三段主要的关键词是“personality traits（个人性格特征）”。空前一句
话提到争强好胜的人及忍耐度低的人更容易发怒；空后介绍 pre-anger（生气前
兆）的特点，与E项中的these personality traits和pre-anger形成原词复现，故
选E项。
4. A通读本段内容可知本段主要围绕“our assessment of situations”展开。空
后第二句话中的“outlooks on situations”的意思是“对局势的判断”，与A项
中的“Our attitude and viewpoint on situations”意思相近，故选A项。
5. D由衔接词However可知，设空处内容与后文描述“发怒很容易变成暴力”
的内容相反，故D项（发怒是一种特别强烈的情感，或许人们认为愤怒是情有
可原的）放在此处最合适。
2017北京
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats
are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 We know that,
while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between
brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been
unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between
neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh
memories to form the next day. 3
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses
in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those
taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while
sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep,
we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains
may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even
though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to
be protected and stayed the same size. 5 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B.It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
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C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get
sick.
D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with
memories.
E.That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after
learning.
F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who
developed the idea.
G.Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in
the brains of 12 mice.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。研究表明，睡眠期间脑细胞之间的关联会减弱，
从而使大脑为新的记忆腾出空间，但是对于重要的记忆，大脑则会对其加以保
护。
1. C上句指出，当不允许实验室的老鼠睡觉时，它们在一个月之内就死去了。
本句是上句的延伸，由动物延伸到了人类。C项符合语境，意为“同样，当人
几天不睡觉时就会生病”。
2. E上句指出睡眠有助于加强新的记忆，下文对此进行了解释。本句应该是对
这个观点的回应，E 项（那也就是为什么学生在学习之后如果有机会睡觉的
话，他们就会考得更好）符合语境。
3. F下段首句指出现在我们有最直接的证据证明他是正确的，由此可知本句应
指出某人的观点。结合本段提出的睡觉期间神经元之间的关联减弱，从而为第
二天要形成的新记忆腾出空间可以判断F项符合语境。
4. G下句中的synapses以及the mice为关键线索。下文指出了老鼠在睡完一觉
后和睡觉前synapses的不同，所以本句应该指出本次实验的内容，故G项符合
语境。
5. B上句指出，研究团队发现某些神经突触似乎得到了保护，并未发生变化，
这正是对某些重要记忆的保护，故B项正确。
2016北京
The Science of Risk-Seeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because
when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1. Some
of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why?
Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
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The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with
early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2. As
the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans
ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000
years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived,
though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed
a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car
racing, or maybe you hate it. 3.
No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that
your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4. To help
you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New
experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance
for risk as well.
5. For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes
active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes
active.
As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we'll continue to hit
the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A. It all depends on your character.
B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the
fittest.
E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the
bigger world.
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh
risks and rewards.
G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face
a nervous situation.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。人类是否喜欢冒险可能与大脑的工作方式有关。
1. F上句提到值得冒险，而下句说有一些活动让一些人感到享受，却让另一些
人害怕，故此处是解释为什么人们的反应不同，即人们衡量风险和回报的标准
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不同，故选F项。
2. C上句提到冒险者更擅长捕猎等。C项中的Being better at是上句中的 were
better at 的复现，且 C 项中的 those things 指代上句中的 hunting, fighting or
exploring，故选C。
3. A由本段可知人类形成了各种各样的性格类型。或者喜欢某项冒险活动，又
或者不喜欢，这都取决于你的性格特点，A项符合语境。
4. E上句提到：你冒险的意愿在青少年时期有所增长。设空处应该是对青少年
时期的说明，E 项提到“move away from your family and into the bigger
world”，故选E项。
5. G由下句中的a part of the brain可知选G。
2015北京
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant,especially when this
makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for
being unaware of what’s happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.
1 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important
things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and
achievements in human history. 2 Can you imagine what kind of world we would
have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree
roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First,understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than
others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 3 And if you
want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming,try
to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple,like
taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you
really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that some people use
to avoid falling asleep. 4
Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has
moved slowly away. 5
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in
the clouds.
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A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C.Without wandering minds,we wouldn’t have relativity,Coke or Post-it
notes.
D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental
illnesses.
E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay
calm and attentive.
F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep
dreams,which may be hard to understand.
G.Therefore,it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby
when you’re in the daydream zone.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章介绍了做白日梦的人有时健忘、笨拙，但是
伟大的思想和成就是和白日梦分不开的。
1. B由前句和后句可知该句在描述做白日梦的人的情况。故选B项。
2. C由前句的表述可知在人类历史上一些伟大的想法和辉煌的成就是由那些做
白日梦的人带来的。C项中的relativity（相对论）、Coke和Post-it notes是列举
的伟大想法和成就，故C项符合语境。
3. A由前文可知本段在讲述如何巧妙地做白日梦，A项中的also helps与上句
中的help相呼应，故选A项。
4. E第五段叙述了在人们需要集中注意力时，如何避免做白日梦。E项中的关
键词attentive（专心的）与本段第一句中的concentrate对应。
5. G文章第六段第一句与G项为因果关系即因为好点子可能会溜走，所以要及
时记下来。
2014北京
Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health Information
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A
key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of
health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find
relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor
reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 1
Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical
research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it
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was based on good science.Think about the type of study. 2
Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior
“contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain
course must lead to a certain result. 3 Carefully read or listen to information in
order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be
especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 4 Evaluate
“scientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).
5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and
inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.
Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health
problems will serve you well throughout your life.
A.Make choices that are right for you.
B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.
C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.
D.And examine the findings of the original research.
E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.
F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an
author’s point of view.
G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health
information you receive from common sources.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。作者针对如何识别正确的健康信息提供了一些建
议。
1. G根据文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议，
因此本空引出了下文的多个建议，故选择G项。
2. D 根据第二段的第一句“Go to the original source.”可以看出 D 项“And
examine the findings of the original research.”与第二段内容匹配。
3. F根据第三段第一句“Watch for misleading language.”可以看出F项“Be
aware that information may also be incorrectly explained...”与本段内容匹配。
4. B此空前一句中出现的advertisements与B项中的ad对应，因此选择B项。
5. A此空后的“...that works for us.”与A项“Make choices that are right for
you.”对应，故选择A项。
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浙江卷（2017—2024）
2023
2024浙江一考
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the
university and college experience. 1. But are all online courses created
equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? 2 .
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online
courses.
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study
anywhere and anytime. 3 . “I think a point that many people lose sight
of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student
Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a
self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you
going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your
weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. 4 .
He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so
easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be
sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute
to online discussion boards.
5 . A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are
things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student,
suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other
to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to
organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to
discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human
interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best
possible grade?
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G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online
courses.
语篇解读 本文是总—分结构，主要提出了一些关于在线学习的建议。
1. G 空前说在过去的几年里，在线学习已成为大学生活中的重要组成部分。
根据But可知，前后构成转折关系。空后通过一系列问句指出人们对在线学习
的担忧：是否所有的在线课程都是一样的？如何确定数字学习适合你？所以设
空处应该承接上句，具体介绍在线学习。浏览选项可以发现，G项（一项调查
发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程）通过数据说明了在线学习在大学中的普
及程度，符合语境。
2. F 空前两句都是问句，而空后则讲到了“我们采访了学生和教授，以征求他
们的关于在线学习的建议”。由此可见，空处仍是问题，选项锁定在 C项和F
项，C项在第一段第一句已有答案，F项（如果上一门网课，你能做些什么来
确保最好的成绩呢？）承接上文中的“你怎样才能确定数字学习是适合你的
呢？”，引出后续的建议，故F项符合语境。
3. A 空前讲到了你可以随时随地上网课，空后则援引研究生 Amanda Bindman
的话“我认为很多人忽略的一点是，上网课很容易进度落后”，这就说明设空
处会和上文形成转折，讲到网课也不是没有截止日期，故A项符合语境。
4. D 根据空后的“He noted that his online students”可知，空处应该会出现一个
男老师，选项中只有D项符合要求，故选D。
5. E 根据后面的A social connection、ease this problem、suggests及具体的建议
内容（和朋友一起上课、组成学习小组、组织与教授的面对面会议）可知，设
空处应该说的是一个问题，且与social connection相关。浏览选项可以发现，E
项（对在线课程的主要抱怨是缺少与人的互动）与下文主题一致，符合语境。
2023
2023浙江一考
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever,why not
book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it's
comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as
pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car
accommodations, sell out very quickly. 1. But no matter when you travel, it's
a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and
letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual
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reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 2. Then
you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for
your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you're riding on trains, you won't be provided with a
blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 3. In the summer in
particular,the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a
week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 4. Note: The times listed on the
schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 5. Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch
the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600
(the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel
one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel
one mile, you're going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren't for impatient types.
B. You'll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That's particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner.
答案
语篇解读 本文是总—分结构,主要讲述了一些关于如何使火车旅行尽可能愉快
的建议。
1. D 根据上文可知,大多数长途火车的卧铺票很容易被售完,所以要提前安排预
订,D项意为“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此”,符合语境,D项中busy summer months与
前后文呼应,故选D项。
2. G 根据上下文可知,好的旅行代理人帮你预订,不仅有时可以找到打折的票,还
可以给你预订正好挨着餐车的卧铺车厢的票,这样就缩短走到餐车的距离,G项中
“book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner”与前后文呼应。故选 G
项。
3. C 下文说尤其在夏天,空调会让火车车厢很冷,对比选项,C 项中的 The
temperature on rail cars与下文话题一致,都与温度有关。故选C项。
4. E 本段提醒要早点到达,错过火车是件很麻烦的事情,E项与本段话题一致,说
明错过火车导致的结果。故选E项。
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5. A 本段讲述如何快乐地度过乘车时间,A项讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的
人,后文提到需要耐心的、好玩的事,前后文衔接自然。故选A项。
2022
01-2022浙江二考
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up
their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the
children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示) on where to buy their
presents. 1
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a
purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something; other times it may be to
entertain, inform, or persuade. 2 And when writing doesn't seem to have any
purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited
about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others
through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can
learn to choose their words accordingly. 3 You write “Dear Santa” because you
don't know him personally and you want to show him respect.
4 Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean
that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are
usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the
purpose and gets the job done. 5 This type of writing won't be rewarded by the
school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best
communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their
audience.
A.It isn't that these young people can't write.
B.But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be.
C.The age of pen⁃and⁃paper letter writing may have passed.
D.As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E.You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F.As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G.But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
答案
[语篇解读] 写作都是带有目的性的,针对不同的目的应采取不同的语言方式。
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1.D 2.B 3.E 4.F 5.G
02-2022浙江一考
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices
that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed. 1
●Pick the most important.
2 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life
of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big
company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
●Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with
friends,family,work,play,etc. 3 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.
Build your social life around people in your work environment. Find people in your
company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the
people and activities you love.
● 4
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are
always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up
for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or
there.
●Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining( 改 进 )toward a happy productive
existence. 5 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up.
B.Be an active learner.
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,就人们如何有效而快乐地利用好时间提出了一些建
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议。
1.F 过渡句。下文是作者的建议,这与F项中的“tips”呼应,其在结构上起到了
承上启下的作用。
2.D 主旨句。本段的标题为 “Pick the most important.”,空格后强调“要专注于
把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上”,由此推断空格处应强调
“做出有意义的选择”,故选D项,其中“choices”与原文中的“Pick”和“chose”
呼应。
3.C 过渡句。本段的标题为“Combine your activities.”。空格前列举了一个人
想做的很多事情,空格后提到可以把这些事情结合起来去做,从而享受它们带来的
快乐。由此推断空格处作者应强调“别再试图给所有这些事情分配时间”,这与
C项内容一致。
4.B 主旨句。本段强调了要主动学习,努力寻找新方法节省花在日常事务上的
时间,从而腾出更多的时间做最重要的事。这与B项中的“learner”呼应。
5.G 细节句。空格前提到要庆祝进步,不断改进。空格后提到每做成一件事都
是一个小胜利。这与G项呼应。
2021
01-2021浙江二考
You've got mail...and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34⁃year⁃old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his
mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria
Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
“I often send postcards to family and friends,”he says to China Daily, “but you
can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize
that not everyone is into it. 2 ”Seeking other like⁃minded souls, however, Paulo
started looking in a somewhat unlikely place:online. Many would say the Internet is a
place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's
hunch(直觉)paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social
network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since
he started it 10 years ago. 3 Running the website has almost turned into a
full⁃time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work
worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can
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understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese,
the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. 4 So a common language
is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 5 That said, we
know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved
their English skills through their use of postcrossing,”Paulo says.
A.And that's totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family⁃friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31
million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of
the fun away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand⁃written note
from someone far away.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。主人公保罗开发网站让世界各地的人们可以交换明
信片。
1.G 主旨句。第一句中的 loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored
picture of...与G项中的 the excitement of getting a hand⁃written note from someone
far away对应,说明保罗喜欢收到不同的明信片。
2.A 过渡句。设空处前提出不是所有人都和保罗一样有这个爱好,后句提到他
通过其他渠道找有相同爱好的人,说明保罗对“不是所有人都和他有同样的爱
好”这件事是能接受的,A项在情感上起到了过渡的作用。
3.E 细节句。本段主要展现了与保罗爱好一样的人越来越多,主要通过具体数字
来说明,设空处前有数字信息的体现,E项中出现的数字信息也与本段主旨对应。
4.F 细节句。本段的关键词是language,说明本段的主旨围绕语言展开,设空处
前出现Chinese,与F项中的Chinese 对应,复查后发现除了F项与language有关
外,其他选项均不对应。
5.B 细节句。设空处前提到很多中国人接触英语不多,设空处后则告诉大家,很
多人通过在互换明信片时使用英语,提高了英语水平,希望让大家知道这是一个让
自己更多地接触英语、练习英语的机会。B项中的That指代的就是“许多中国
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人接触英语不多”这个情况,B项中practice后的it指代的是English。
02-2021浙江一考
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you
need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are
already checked out and off to the parking lot. 1
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really
is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their
customers through with minimum delay. 2 Any small interruption—a price
check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different
registers. Think about the probability: 3 So it's not just in your mind: Another
line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers
stand in one long, snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at
the front with the next available register. 4 This is what they do at most banks
and fast⁃food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't
unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone
a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
5 It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores
can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A.Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B.So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章分析了我们在商店排队结账时会感觉其他队比
自己排的队结账要快的原因。
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1.A 过渡句。这一段前面讲的是你排队时碰到坏运气,后面一段解释原因,所以
此空应为问句。
2.G 细节句。此处指店家会尽力雇足够的员工提高结账速度,但有时还是会很
忙。
3.D 细节句。设空处前面是 Think about the probability,所以设空处应该提及这
个概率,D项表示“你所在的队伍最快的概率仅为三分之一”,符合语境。
4.F 细节句。设空处前面介绍了一种提高速度的排队方法,与 F 项中的 this
method对应,设空处前面的register和选项中的With three registers也相互对应。
5.B 主旨句。根据设空处后解释说明的是落实这种方法的困难, 可知B项符合
语境。
2020
01-2020浙江二考
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 1 His friends teased him about
babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids
of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began
early as my mother read to me every evening. 2 I started reading books on my
own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow
several books. I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer
pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 3
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars
with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of
wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how
creative my designs were. 4 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of
objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others
found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
5 My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no
matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends,
while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating
in winter, and so much more. They're all memories I treasure today.
A.I wasn't alone any longer.
B.I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C.I was invited to play with another kid.
D.I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
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E.Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G.My older brother couldn't be bothered to play with me.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。文章围绕作者的兴趣爱好以及性格的形成与发展这
一话题进行阐述。
1.G 细节句。设空处下句提到了His...,故设空处一定介绍了另一个与作者有关
的男性,G项中“My older brother”符合语境。
2.D 细节句。根据设空处后面的第二句(我很快就从阅读平常的儿童读物过渡
到阅读图画较少、章节较长的书籍)可知,作者在开始阅读时是喜欢阅读有图画的
书,故选D。
3.A 细节句。由设空处的前句(阅读为我开启了全新的世界)以及文章的首句(当
我还是孩子时,体验了几年的孤独)可知,作者不再孤独,故选A。
4.F 细节句。根据设空处的前句(当妈妈看到我的作品时,她告诉我,我的设计是
多有创造力)以及设空处下句提及的“I learned a lot about how to extend...”可知,
在妈妈的鼓励下,作者开始对制作物品产生兴趣,故选F。
5.E 主旨句。 设空处为段首句。 设空处的后句提到的“to spend time
outside...”以及后文中提及的“raced off”“making leaf houses”和“ice skating” 都
与E项中的“being outside”相关联,故选E。
02-2020浙江一考
Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60%
water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go
to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
1 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make
the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use
energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but
this is not the case for many people around the world. 2 That’s around one in 10
people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria
and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from
dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children
walk many kilometres every day to get water. 3 Therefore, they don’t have time
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to learn how to read or write and don’t get an education.
4 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate
people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that
everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between
the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 5 People give them
money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as
possible around the world.
A.We use water indirectly too.
B.Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C.It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems.
D.If children walk many hours a day to get water, they can’t go to school.
E.Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to
drink?
F.In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for
Water.
G.In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy
bottles.
答案
1.A 2.E 3.D 4.F 5.G
2019
01-2019浙江二考
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common
spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. 1 At that time the
Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly
became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid⁃1963, the Beatles had been
extremely popular in England. 2 They held large concerts and performed at
clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began
as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business
legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
3 They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of
music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the
airport to greet them. 4 The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest
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one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were
described as a British invasion(入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that
time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the
history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up
to new faces on the market. 5
A.They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B.Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C.Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D.However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E.Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F.They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965).
G.They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street
studio.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队的发展、在美国的巡
演以及对美国音乐的影响。
1.C 细节句。本段介绍了摇滚音乐并引出了甲壳虫乐队,C项(摇滚音乐是在20
世纪50年代和20世纪60年代早期发展起来的。)符合本段的主旨,并与设空处
后的At that time呼应。
2.B 细节句。本段的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队在英国的流行程度,B项(甚至他们
的发型在当时都成为主要的趋势。)符合本段的主旨。
3.A 过渡句。本段的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队去美国巡演的情况。A项(1964年,
他们决定去美国巡演。)符合本段的主旨,同时引出了下面美国巡演的内容。
4.G 细节句。G项(他们在哥伦比亚广播公司电视台的第53街演播室举行了在
美国的首场音乐会。)中的 concert 照应了第三段的主题,并与设空后的 The
concert呼应。
5.E 细节句。本空前面的内容介绍了甲壳虫乐队对美国音乐的深远影响。而E
项(很多摇滚乐队能够跟着甲壳虫乐队的步伐。)也是对甲壳虫乐队影响的描述,
符合本段的内容。
02-2019浙江一考
Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says
“Thank you”? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a
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fact easily found on the Internet? 1
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(礼节). But
many social norms( 规 范 )just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital
communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s
Etiquette, asked,“At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?”
2 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you
don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text.
The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell
you they left a voice mail.
This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners. 3 Alexander
Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say,“Ahoy!” Finally, hello won out,
and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications.
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions
about:the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a
restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. 4 And when
you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy:Consider your audience. Some
people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 5 In traditional
societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn
from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-
wasting forms of communication do.
A.Then there is voice mail.
B.Others, like me, want no reply.
C.But people still ask these things.
D.Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
E.Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life?
F.Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G.When the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how to greet a caller.
答案
1.D 2.A 3.G 4.C 5.B
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2018
01-2018浙江二考
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of
course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your
new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct
yourself as a good neighbor should. 1
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to
keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. 2 By choosing to keep
the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of
the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going
for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 3 This small act will let your
neighbors know that you care about the area.
4 If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and
newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let
them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still
respecting the privacy of your neighbor.
5 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what
belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general,
you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.
A.In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D.Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and
inviting.
G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood
quickly.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。搬了新家有了新邻居,想要
邻居喜欢你吗?按照文章中作者提供的建议尝试一下吧!
1.G 文章从第二段开始给读者提供了几个建议,因此第一段的最后一句起到总
领全文的作用,应选择G项。
2.F 设空处前句中的 to keep your property neat, clean, and in good repair 以及设
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空处后句中的 keep the outside of the home in great shape 都 与 F 项中的 keepin g
everything in their street fresh and inviting 有联系 ,故选择F项。
3.E 设空处前句提到散步时带一个垃圾袋, 与 E 项中的 come across wast e
paper...pick it up 相呼应 ,故选E项。
4.B B选项中的help out in small ways与本段的主旨一致,整段内容都是在讲你
可以在邻居需要帮助时及时提供一些帮助,故选择B项。
5.C 最后一段的功能为总结全文,也是对第一段中提到的文章主旨(如何成为一
个好邻居)进行呼应,故选择C项。
02-2018浙江一考
How to Remember What You Read
Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what
you’ve read! 1 You may have just read the text, but the ideas, concepts and
images(形象) may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering
what you read.
● 2
If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely won’t be
able to remember what you read. It’s a bit like reading a foreign language. If you
don’t understand what you’re reading, how would you remember it? But there are a
few things you can do...Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words.
●Are you connected?
Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit
the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some
books, you may feel a connection right away. 3 How willing are you to make
the connections happen?
●Read it; hear it; be it!
Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the
words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of
the characters. He’d make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character.
4
●How often do you read?
If you read frequently, you’ll likely have an easier time with remembering what
you’re reading (and what you’ve read). 5 As you make reading a regular part of
your life, you’ll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text
better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature—as you remember what you read!
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A.Are you confused?
B.Practice makes perfect.
C.What’s your motivation?
D.Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.
E.Marking helps you remember what you read.
F.But other books require a bit more work on your part.
G.You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!
答案
1.D 2.A 3.F 4.G 5.B
2017
2017浙江二考
How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the
streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 1 But with these tips,
your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
·When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews
for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions
relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America,
you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”
2
·Hit the streets with confidence. 3 Say,“Excuse me, I work for XYZ News,
and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick
way to get people to warm up to you.
·Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking
on camera. Don't get discouraged.
· 4 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten
minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make
sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers.
If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. A safe number
of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 5
·If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to
appear on the air, don't leave work without them.
A.Limit your time.
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B.As you approach people, be polite.
C.If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.
D.For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E.To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.
F.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
G.With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我。文章就“如何做好街
头采访”给出了一些建议。
1.D 过渡句。该空的前句引入“街头采访”这一话题,此空表示“对于新记者
来说,这似乎是一个具有挑战性的任务”,引出下文的建议。
2.G 细节句。此段落的建议是“事先准备好问题”,并举例进行了说明。 G 项
中的 thi s 指代上句举出的问题 ,很好地契合了上文。
3.B 过渡句。此段的建议主要围绕采访时的态度展开。从空后的“Excuse me”
可知,接近被采访者时要有礼貌。故B项符合题意。
4.A 主旨句。此空下句说“每次采访的时间不要超过 10分钟”,所以此处选
A。
5.F 细节句。此空上文提到“采访时需要得到不同的答案,进行大约六到十次采
访更稳妥些”,而F项“这一采访数量应该能给你你想要的答案”正好能与上文
密切连接。
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