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【巩固练习】
I. 任务性阅读真题演练。
I) 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成文后的句子。(2014 贵阳)
Charles Darwin was a scientist who changed our understanding of the natural world. He is
known as the Father of Modern Biology. Darwin spent all his life studying nature and making
notes about all the species(物种) he found.
Darwin was born in 1809 in England. Like many geniuses he didn't do well at school and got
poor marks. He was a good athlete though and loved exploring nature and collecting sea shells. He
also kept doing chemistry experiments and so his classmates gave him the nickname "Gas".
His father was a doctor and expected Charles to become one too. Charles started studying
medicine at Edinburgh University, but soon gave up his studies there. He went on to study
religion at Cambridge University instead. There he started collecting insects like beetles and paid
too little attention to his studies.
In 1831, at the age of 22, Darwin went on a five-year expedition to South America, Australia
and South Africa by ship. He was often seasick, but the things he saw on this long journey
changed his life. He collected many fossils as well as animal and plant specimens. He spent the
rest of his life studying what he had seen and he wrote many books.
In 1839, Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, with whom he had ten children! He
was a loving father and enjoyed family life, which was always more important to him than his
research. In spite of having many health problems throughout his life, Darwin lived until his 73.
Darwin's most famous book On the Origin of Species came out in 1859 and sold out in a
day. It said that all living things were related, which meant that human beings were just another
kind of animal. These ideas were not popular at first, but now most people agree with them and
admire Darwin as a brilliant scientist.
1.Darwin was a and had great interests in exploring nature though he was _____
work.
2. At Edinburgh University, Darwin soon gave up his study because he________.
3. Darwin came up with _______ after the long journey, and what he saw on the way
_______.
4. According to the article, Darwin loved his family very much and he had _______.
5. At first, Darwin's new ideas about human beings ________.
II) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(2015 北京)
Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday. The day after it has been known as Black Friday. It is
the start of the holiday shopping season, and it has been the busiest shopping day of the year in the
US since 2005.
Most stores offer big sales on Black Friday. They open their doors quite early in the morning.
They try to attract shoppers with big discounts (打折). Some items (商品) like TVs and cloths are
much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers
will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store.
Black Friday is a great time to go shopping. However, there
are problem. The biggest one is that there are not enough low-
priced items. Each store may only have a few. These items are in
great need, so people stand in long lines to get them. They may
wait three to four hours before a store opens. They may be hoping
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to get a low price on a TV or computer, but not everybody can get one. Some people leave,
disappointed.
The situation makes people worried. Some Black Friday events have been crazy. There have
been fights over toys among shoppers. Some workers have even been hurt by large crowds. But
most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan to go, you will expect large crowds
and a bit of pushing.
So where does the name “Black Friday” come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the
1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it caused. In the 1960s,
stores tried to rename the day “Big Friday”. It did not stick. The name “Black Friday” continued
to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay.
Now people all over the country take part in Black Friday events. It is even spreading to other
parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the UK, Australia, and Brazil since
2012. In Mexico, stores offer a weekend of discounts every year. They call it “El Buen Fin”,
which means “the good weekend” in Spanish. I guess people everywhere like to buy things on
sale.
1. Is Black Friday the start of the holiday shopping season?
_______________________________________________________________________
2. What is the biggest problem with Black Friday?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. How long may people have to wait before a store opens?
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Where was the name “Black Friday” first used in the 1950s?
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Why do people like going shopping on Black Friday?
_______________________________________________________________________
II. 任务性阅读综合演练。
1．阅读下面的短文.并根据短文后的要求答题。
Since 1850, the temperature of Earth’s surface has increased about 0.6°C.Scientists predict it
may warm much more by the end of this century. Who’s turning up the heat? Well, it seems that
we are! Some of this global warming may be natural. However, nearly all scientists now agree
that most of it is due to peoples actions. Over the past 150 years, we've added huge amounts of
certain gases, especially carbon dioxide
（
CO2
）
to the air
. These gases can keep heat near Earth's
surface, so more carbon dioxide means more heat is kept near Earth's surface. Global warming
may change the weather in ways that lead to more severe storms, floods and droughts.
We add carbon dioxide to the air when we burn things, especially fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are
energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.
Coal, oil, and natural gas are all fossil fuels. People in the United States and other countries
started bunting large amounts of fossil fuels more than a century ago. The amount of fossil fuels
being burned each year has been increasing worldwide. The more we burn, .
What can we do to help? Nowadays to live a low-carbon life is quite popular in the world.
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Low-carbon means to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide. Saving energy and reusing are the
key words. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make our lives low-carbon.
1）What problem can global warming cause?（根据短文内容回答问题）
2）What are fossil fuels?（同上）
3）请将第一段中的划线句子翻译成汉语。
4）请根据第二段内容，将最后一个句子补充完整。
The more we bum，_____________________________________________.
5）请写出日常生活中的一种“低碳”行为（用英语写一个句子）。
2．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，在短文后1～5 小题中句子空白处填入适当的词语或句子。
We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from
one place to another place at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move
to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give
birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration is probably the
migration of fish, which is called “salmon” (鲑鱼). This fish is born in fresh water but it travels
many miles to salt water. There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh
water. Then it gives birth and dies. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their
mountain homes when they become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes
they move all the way to the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.
Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster (龙虾). Every year, when the
season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor
of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go. So, sometimes
we know why humans and animals move from one place to another place, but at other times we
don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.
1. The reason for most of the animals to move is _____________________.
2. Find the word in the passage which means “the movement from one place to another of a
large group of animals” and write it down here __________.
3. The underlined word “ There” in the second paragraph refers to (指的是)____________.
4. The salmon comes back to its birthplace in order to ____________.
5. The lobsters begin to move to another place when _____________.
3. 请分别为下面四则谚语和相应的寓意搭配，并把序号A、B、C、D 填在相应的位置。
1) It’s never too late to learn. ________________
2) A crane standing amidst a flock of chickens. _________________
3) The early bird catches the worm. _________________
4) Play a harp before a cow. _________________
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5) A book holds a house of gold. _________________
A. This proverb means that you do something useless.
B. This proverb means that someone is the best of all.
C. This proverb means that if you study hard, you will succeed.
D. This proverb means that there’re many things to learn no matter how old you are.
E. This proverb means that if you do something early or before others, you will have more
chances and be successful.
4. 阅读短文，把后面所给句子放在短文的适当位置，使短文意思完整。
Giving directions in different places
If you ask people of different countries “Could you tell me the way to the post office?” You
will get different answers.
In Japan, people use landmarks (路标) instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will
say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. 1)_______________. The post office is across
from the bus stop.”
In Kansas, America，there are no towns or buildings within miles. So instead of landmarks,
people will tell you directions and distance. For example, people will say, “Go north two miles.
2)_______________.”
People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions. They will often say, “Follow
me.” 3)_______________.
Sometimes if a person doesn’t know the answer to your question, he or she, like a New Yorker,
might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don’t know.”
4)_______________. They usually give an answer, but often a wrong one. A visitor can often get
lost in Yucatan!
5)_______________. You might not understand a person’s words, but maybe you can
understand his or her body language. He or she will usually point to the correct direction. Go on in
that direction and you may find the post office!
A. Turn east, and then go another mile.
B. But one thing will help you everywhere.
C. People there think “I don’t know” is not polite.
D. Turn left at a big hotel and go past a fruit market.
E. Then he or she will take you through the streets of the city to the post office.3
【答案与解析】
I. 任务性阅读真题演练。
I) 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成文后的句子。
1. good athlete；not good at school
2. didn't want to be a doctor
3. some new ideas；changed his life
4. a happy life
5. were not accepted by most people/were accepted by a few people
II) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
1. Yes.
2. There are not enough low-priced items.
3. Three to four hours.
4. In Philadelphia.
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5. Because people can buy things on sale on Black Friday.
II．任务性阅读综合演练。
1．阅读下面的短文.并根据短文后的要求答题。
1) Global warming may change the weather in ways that lead to more severe storm, floods and
droughts．
2) Fossil fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived
millions of years ago.／Coal, oil, and natural gas are all fossil fuels.
3) 在过去的150 年间，我们向空气中排放了大量这类气体，特别是二氧化碳。
4) The more we burn，the more carbon dioxide will be added to the air./ the more carbon dioxide
will be produced.
5) We’d better go to school by bike or on foot．（关于节约能源）/I can give my old books to the
younger students．（关于反复利用）结合日常生活写出关于节约能源或循环利用的事例即可。
2. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，在短文后1～5 小题中句子空白处填入适当的词语或句子。
1) to find food more easily
2) migration
3) (in) salt water。
4) give birth and die。
5) the season of the bad weather arrives / the bad weather arrives。
3. 请分别为下面四则谚语和相应的寓意搭配，并把序号A、B、C、D 填在相应的位置。
1) D。此谚语意思是“活到老学到老。”，所以用后面的D 来解释。
2) B。此谚语意思是“鹤立鸡群”，这个谚语的英语解释是“Someone is the best of all.”。
3)E。此谚语意思是“早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/笨鸟先飞早入林”，用英语解释是“if you do
something early or before others, you will have more chances and be successful.”
4) A。此谚语意思是“对牛弹琴”，用英语解释是“you do something useless.”
5) C。此谚语意思是“书中自有黄金屋。”，用英语解释是“if you study hard, you will
succeed.”。
4. 阅读短文，把后面所给句子放在短文的适当位置，使短文意思完整。
1) D。从短文第二段的主题 “In Japan, people use landmarks (路标) instead of street names.”
可
以判断“日本人指路用路上标志性建筑物，所以选项D 正确，用big hotel 和fruit market”来
指路。
2) A。从此段落的主题“美国人用方向和距离指路”，所以A 选项符合要求，即用“Turn east
and then go another mile.”来指路。
3) E。从此段落的主题“希腊人不给你指方向，他们会说跟我来”，可以推知句子E 表示他们
下面的行为：他们会直接带你穿过街道到达邮局。
4) C。从上文的句子可知要选C，解释上文“不说‘我不知道’”的原因：“他们认为说“我
不知道”那样是不礼貌的”。
5) B。此段落的主题是“在语言不通的情况下肢体语言是大家都明白的”，所以此段首句是
“在任何地方一件事情可以帮助你”，从而引出下文。
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