「高中」英语时事阅读:中国“人造太阳”EAST建成运行20周年、鄱阳湖迎来今冬首批候鸟、观测者期待年度最大下弦月

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2026年10月03日

高中版英语时事来啦

《中国“人造太阳”EAST建成运行20周年》、《鄱阳湖迎来今冬首批候鸟》、《观测者期待年度最大下弦月》

📖 青少年英语时事阅读  ·  🎧 配套听读练  ·  📝 核心词汇

 趣英语

中国“人造太阳”EAST建成运行20周年

EAST, China's Artificial Sun, Celebrates 20 Years of Operation

China's artificial sun, the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak, or EAST, has now been operating for two decades. Located on Science Island in Hefei, Anhui, the device achieved its first plasma discharge on September 28, 2006, sustaining a current of 200 kiloamperes for nearly three seconds. That breakthrough established China as the first country in the world to complete a fully superconducting, non-circular tokamak.

Over the past 20 years, EAST has repeatedly extended the duration of high-confinement plasma operation, passing milestones of 60, 100 and more than 400 seconds. In early 2025, it set a world record by maintaining plasma at 100 million degrees Celsius for 1,066 seconds, a figure never reached before. More than 160,000 experiments have been conducted on the machine so far, providing crucial data for international projects such as ITER.

Attention is now shifting to EAST's successor, a compact fusion device known as BEST, whose park was handed over just before the National Day holiday. Engineers have begun testing its lighting system, while Song Yuntao, director of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, said the main device is to be completed by 2027. Fusion energy, if it can be commercialised, would supply endless clean power.

参考译文

中国的“人造太阳”——全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置EAST，如今已运行了20年。这台装置位于安徽合肥的科学岛，于2006年9月28日实现首次等离子体放电，以近3秒的时间维持了200千安的电流。这一突破使中国成为世界上第一个建成全超导非圆截面托卡马克的国家。

过去20年里，EAST不断延长高约束模等离子体的运行时间，先后跨越60秒、100秒和400秒以上的里程碑。2025年初，它让等离子体在1亿摄氏度下保持1066秒，创下世界纪录——这一数值此前从未有人达到。迄今为止，这台装置上已开展超过16万次实验，为国际热核聚变实验堆ITER等国际项目提供了关键数据。

人们的目光正转向EAST的继任者——一台名为BEST的紧凑型聚变装置。它的园区在国庆假期前夕完成交付，工程师们已开始对其照明系统进行调试。合肥物质科学研究院院长宋云涛表示，主机装置将在2027年完成建造。聚变能源如果能实现商业化，将提供取之不尽的清洁电力。

sustain v. /səˈsteɪn/维持，保持

例：The device sustained a current of 200 kiloamperes. 这台装置维持了200千安的电流。

breakthrough n. /ˈbreɪkθruː/突破

例：That breakthrough changed China's position in fusion research. 那次突破改变了中国在聚变研究中的地位。

superconducting adj. /ˌsuːpəkənˈdʌktɪŋ/超导的

例：EAST is a fully superconducting tokamak. EAST是一台全超导托卡马克。

milestone n. /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/里程碑

例：The team passed several milestones in 20 years. 团队在20年间跨越了多个里程碑。

successor n. /səkˈsesə(r)/继任者，接替者

例：BEST is the successor to EAST. BEST是EAST的继任者。

crucial adj. /ˈkruːʃl/关键的，至关重要的

例：The experiments provided crucial data for ITER. 这些实验为ITER提供了关键数据。

commercialise v. /kəˈmɜːʃəlaɪz/商业化

例：Fusion energy may be commercialised in the future. 聚变能源未来或许能够商业化。

鄱阳湖迎来今冬首批候鸟

Poyang Lake Welcomes Its First Wintering Birds of the Season

Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, has received its first wintering migratory birds of the season, marking the start of an annual natural event that draws birdwatchers from across the country. Lying in Jiangxi Province, the lake serves as one of Asia's most significant wintering grounds, where huge numbers of birds from northern breeding areas spend the cold season.

Monitoring on September 29 confirmed the arrival of several species at different stations of the reserve. At Wannian, roughly 500 Baikal teals were found gathering on shallow water in Lianhu Township, their distinctive white eyebrows clearly visible in the dawn light. At Duchang, four spoonbills were observed sweeping their long, spoon-shaped bills through the shallows, mixing peacefully with grey herons and great egrets. Near Dahuchi, cormorants hunted across the surface while harriers patrolled the sky, and the variety of species recorded at the lake continued to rise.

As temperatures fall, far greater numbers of birds are expected to arrive in the coming weeks. The reserve has urged visitors to maintain a safe distance, so that these travellers, exhausted by long journeys, can feed and rest without being disturbed.

参考译文

中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖，迎来了本季首批越冬候鸟，标志着一场每年都会吸引全国各地观鸟者前来的自然盛事拉开序幕。这座湖位于江西省，是亚洲最重要的候鸟越冬地之一，大批来自北方繁殖地的候鸟在这里度过寒冷的季节。

9月29日的监测证实，多个物种已抵达保护区的不同站点。在万年站，人们发现大约500只白眉鸭聚集在莲湖乡的浅水处，它们标志性的白色眉纹在晨光中清晰可见。在都昌站，4只白琵鹭被观察到用又长又扁的勺形喙在浅水中扫动觅食，与苍鹭和大白鹭安然相处。在大湖池附近，鸬鹚在水面捕食，鹞类在空中盘旋，湖区记录到的物种数量持续增加。

随着气温下降，未来几周预计会有数量多得多的候鸟到来。保护区呼吁游客保持安全距离，让这些因长途飞行而筋疲力尽的旅人能不受打扰地觅食和休息。

wintering adj. /ˈwɪntərɪŋ/越冬的

例：The reserve protects a key wintering ground. 保护区守护着一处重要的越冬地。

breeding n. /ˈbriːdɪŋ/繁殖

例：The birds come from northern breeding areas. 这些候鸟来自北方的繁殖地。

monitoring n. /ˈmɒnɪtərɪŋ/监测

例：Monitoring confirmed the arrival of several species. 监测证实了多个物种的到来。

distinctive adj. /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/独特的，有辨识度的

例：The teals have distinctive white eyebrows. 白眉鸭有辨识度很高的白色眉纹。

exhausted adj. /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/筋疲力尽的

例：The travellers are exhausted by their long journey. 这些旅者因长途飞行而筋疲力尽。

maintain v. /meɪnˈteɪn/保持

例：Visitors should maintain a safe distance. 游客应当保持安全距离。

urge v. /ɜːdʒ/呼吁，敦促

例：The reserve has urged visitors to stay quiet. 保护区已呼吁游客保持安静。

观测者期待年度最大下弦月

Skywatchers Await the Year's Largest Last Quarter Moon

Amateur astronomers across China are preparing for a celestial highlight on October 3, when the largest last quarter moon of 2026 will grace the night sky. At this phase, only half of the moon's illuminated surface is visible from Earth, producing a shape that resembles a reversed letter D.

Yang Jing, a member of the Chinese Astronomical Society, notes that the moon's phases follow a predictable cycle known as a synodic month, which averages roughly 29.53 days. Thirteen last quarter moons will occur during 2026, and the one on October 3 will approach Earth more closely than any other, making its apparent diameter the largest of the year; the smallest appeared on March 11.

Observing a last quarter moon demands a different routine from watching a full moon. It does not rise until after midnight and reaches its best position before dawn, when it hangs low in the northeast. Experts recommend locations with an unobstructed eastern horizon and minimal light pollution. Viewed through binoculars, long shadows cast by slanting sunlight reveal the moon's craters in striking three-dimensional detail.

参考译文

中国各地的天文爱好者正在为10月3日的一场天象亮点做准备——2026年最大的一轮下弦月将点缀夜空。在这一相位，从地球上看只能看到月球被照亮表面的一半，形状就像倒过来的字母D。

中国天文学会会员杨婧指出，月相遵循一个可预测的周期，称为朔望月，平均长约29.53天。2026年将出现13次下弦月，其中10月3日这一次比其余任何一次都更接近地球，视直径也是全年最大的；最小的一次出现在3月11日。

观测下弦月与观看满月需要不同的安排。它要到午夜之后才升起，在黎明前到达最佳位置，那时它低悬在东北方。专家建议选择东方地平线开阔、光污染极少的地点。透过双筒望远镜，斜射阳光投下的长影会让月面的环形山呈现出鲜明的立体细节。

celestial adj. /səˈlestɪəl/天体的，天空的

例：The moon is a familiar celestial object. 月亮是人们熟悉的天体。

illuminate v. /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/照亮

例：Half of the illuminated surface can be seen. 可以看到被照亮表面的一半。

phase n. /feɪz/相位，阶段

例：At this phase, the moon looks like a letter D. 在这一相位，月亮看起来像字母D。

predictable adj. /prɪˈdɪktəbl/可预测的

例：The moon's phases follow a predictable cycle. 月相遵循一个可预测的周期。

apparent adj. /əˈpærənt/表面上的，外观上的

例：Its apparent diameter is the largest this year. 它的视直径是今年最大的。

unobstructed adj. /ˌʌnəbˈstrʌktɪd/无遮挡的

例：Choose a place with an unobstructed eastern horizon. 选择东方地平线无遮挡的地方。

horizon n. /həˈraɪzn/地平线

例：The moon hangs low above the horizon. 月亮低悬在地平线上方。

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